Knowledge

Hamaker theory

Source đź“ť

1412: 1350: 1374: 1386: 1362: 320: 148: 366: 137: 1453: 445: 379:
The theory is however only an approximation which assumes that the interactions can be treated independently, the theory must also be adjusted to take into account
546: 551: 315:{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {int} }^{1,2,...N}={\frac {1}{2}}\sum _{i=0}^{\mathbb {N} }\sum _{j=0(\neq i)}^{\mathbb {N} }V_{\mathrm {int} }^{ij}(R_{ij})} 529: 380: 573: 1446: 524: 585: 40:, who derived the interaction between two spheres, a sphere and a wall, and presented a general discussion in a heavily cited 1937 paper. 438: 1482: 1439: 1390: 1477: 1269: 431: 712: 466: 1472: 989: 476: 915: 886: 866: 819: 504: 1259: 1175: 814: 328: 1197: 1108: 1071: 955: 881: 702: 685: 628: 1115: 1103: 994: 859: 633: 499: 76: 1264: 1161: 1146: 1076: 999: 831: 781: 690: 615: 514: 1366: 1254: 1209: 984: 804: 734: 491: 471: 24:, several scientists soon realised that his definition could be extended from the interaction of two 1277: 1231: 1156: 1129: 1027: 1009: 962: 900: 796: 776: 645: 640: 541: 17: 1373: 1419: 1354: 1320: 1182: 1151: 1032: 974: 672: 655: 650: 605: 568: 558: 519: 1335: 1300: 1283: 1221: 1139: 1134: 1062: 1047: 1017: 938: 905: 876: 871: 846: 836: 756: 744: 623: 536: 1378: 1295: 950: 809: 786: 739: 680: 411: 1236: 1192: 1187: 1081: 1057: 891: 854: 707: 697: 580: 399:
Hamaker, H. C. (1937) The London – van der Waals attraction between spherical particles.
1423: 1411: 1120: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1043: 1039: 1022: 979: 910: 771: 766: 751: 563: 481: 415: 43:
The interaction of two bodies is then treated as the pairwise interaction of a set of
1466: 1325: 1214: 1170: 895: 729: 724: 717: 595: 37: 1202: 1052: 967: 943: 933: 925: 826: 761: 660: 509: 21: 600: 1226: 1288: 590: 455: 1310: 33: 25: 423: 1330: 29: 1305: 32:
to macro-scale objects by summing all of the forces between the
427: 1315: 36:
in each of the bodies involved. The theory is named after
1427: 331: 151: 142:
The interaction energy of the system is taken to be:
79: 376:
in the absence of the influence of other molecules.
1247: 1008: 924: 845: 795: 671: 614: 490: 360: 314: 131: 1447: 439: 8: 1454: 1440: 446: 432: 424: 349: 337: 336: 330: 300: 284: 272: 271: 261: 260: 259: 236: 226: 225: 224: 213: 199: 169: 157: 156: 150: 124: 118: 105: 96: 84: 78: 392: 361:{\displaystyle V_{\mathrm {int} }^{ij}} 62:}. The distance between the molecules 7: 1408: 1406: 1361: 132:{\displaystyle R_{ij}=|R_{i}-R_{j}|} 1385: 344: 341: 338: 279: 276: 273: 164: 161: 158: 14: 1410: 1384: 1372: 1360: 1349: 1348: 368:is the interaction of molecules 309: 293: 255: 246: 125: 97: 1: 713:Interface and colloid science 467:Glossary of chemical formulae 416:10.1016/S0031-8914(37)80203-7 1426:. You can help Knowledge by 990:Bioorganometallic chemistry 477:List of inorganic compounds 381:quantum perturbation theory 1499: 1405: 916:Dynamic covalent chemistry 887:Enantioselective synthesis 867:Physical organic chemistry 820:Organolanthanide chemistry 1344: 505:Electroanalytical methods 462: 16:After the explanation of 1483:Physical chemistry stubs 1260:Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1176:Supramolecular chemistry 815:Organometallic chemistry 47:molecules at positions: 1198:Combinatorial chemistry 1109:Food physical chemistry 1072:Environmental chemistry 956:Bioorthogonal chemistry 882:Retrosynthetic analysis 703:Chemical thermodynamics 686:Spectroelectrochemistry 629:Computational chemistry 1422:-related article is a 1270:of element discoveries 1116:Agricultural chemistry 1104:Carbohydrate chemistry 995:Bioinorganic chemistry 860:Alkane stereochemistry 805:Coordination chemistry 634:Mathematical chemistry 500:Instrumental chemistry 362: 316: 266: 231: 133: 1478:Intermolecular forces 1265:Timeline of chemistry 1162:Post-mortem chemistry 1147:Clandestine chemistry 1077:Atmospheric chemistry 1000:Biophysical chemistry 832:Solid-state chemistry 782:Equilibrium chemistry 691:Photoelectrochemistry 363: 317: 232: 209: 134: 1255:History of chemistry 1210:Chemical engineering 985:Bioorganic chemistry 735:Structural chemistry 472:List of biomolecules 329: 149: 77: 18:van der Waals forces 1278:The central science 1232:Ceramic engineering 1157:Forensic toxicology 1130:Chemistry education 1028:Radiation chemistry 1010:Interdisciplinarity 963:Medicinal chemistry 901:Fullerene chemistry 777:Microwave chemistry 646:Molecular mechanics 641:Molecular modelling 357: 292: 195: 1473:Physical chemistry 1420:physical chemistry 1321:Chemical substance 1183:Chemical synthesis 1152:Forensic chemistry 1033:Actinide chemistry 975:Clinical chemistry 656:Molecular geometry 651:Molecular dynamics 606:Elemental analysis 559:Separation process 358: 332: 312: 267: 152: 129: 1435: 1434: 1400: 1399: 1336:Quantum mechanics 1301:Chemical compound 1284:Chemical reaction 1222:Materials science 1140:General chemistry 1135:Amateur chemistry 1063:Photogeochemistry 1048:Stellar chemistry 1018:Nuclear chemistry 939:Molecular biology 906:Polymer chemistry 877:Organic synthesis 872:Organic reactions 837:Ceramic chemistry 827:Cluster chemistry 757:Chemical kinetics 745:Molecular physics 624:Quantum chemistry 537:Mass spectrometry 207: 1490: 1456: 1449: 1442: 1414: 1407: 1388: 1387: 1376: 1364: 1363: 1352: 1351: 1296:Chemical element 951:Chemical biology 810:Magnetochemistry 787:Mechanochemistry 740:Chemical physics 681:Electrochemistry 586:Characterization 448: 441: 434: 425: 418: 397: 367: 365: 364: 359: 356: 348: 347: 321: 319: 318: 313: 308: 307: 291: 283: 282: 265: 264: 258: 230: 229: 223: 208: 200: 194: 168: 167: 138: 136: 135: 130: 128: 123: 122: 110: 109: 100: 92: 91: 1498: 1497: 1493: 1492: 1491: 1489: 1488: 1487: 1463: 1462: 1461: 1460: 1403: 1401: 1396: 1340: 1243: 1237:Polymer science 1193:Click chemistry 1188:Green chemistry 1082:Ocean chemistry 1058:Biogeochemistry 1004: 920: 892:Total synthesis 855:Stereochemistry 841: 791: 708:Surface science 698:Thermochemistry 667: 610: 581:Crystallography 486: 458: 452: 422: 421: 398: 394: 389: 327: 326: 296: 147: 146: 114: 101: 80: 75: 74: 52: 12: 11: 5: 1496: 1494: 1486: 1485: 1480: 1475: 1465: 1464: 1459: 1458: 1451: 1444: 1436: 1433: 1432: 1415: 1398: 1397: 1395: 1394: 1382: 1370: 1358: 1345: 1342: 1341: 1339: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1292: 1291: 1281: 1274: 1273: 1272: 1262: 1257: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1244: 1242: 1241: 1240: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1219: 1218: 1217: 1207: 1206: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1190: 1180: 1179: 1178: 1167: 1166: 1165: 1164: 1159: 1149: 1144: 1143: 1142: 1137: 1126: 1125: 1124: 1123: 1121:Soil chemistry 1113: 1112: 1111: 1106: 1099:Food chemistry 1096: 1094:Carbochemistry 1091: 1089:Clay chemistry 1086: 1085: 1084: 1079: 1068: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1060: 1050: 1044:Astrochemistry 1040:Cosmochemistry 1037: 1036: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1023:Radiochemistry 1014: 1012: 1006: 1005: 1003: 1002: 997: 992: 987: 982: 980:Neurochemistry 977: 972: 971: 970: 960: 959: 958: 948: 947: 946: 941: 930: 928: 922: 921: 919: 918: 913: 911:Petrochemistry 908: 903: 898: 889: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 863: 862: 851: 849: 843: 842: 840: 839: 834: 829: 824: 823: 822: 812: 807: 801: 799: 793: 792: 790: 789: 784: 779: 774: 772:Spin chemistry 769: 767:Photochemistry 764: 759: 754: 752:Femtochemistry 749: 748: 747: 737: 732: 727: 722: 721: 720: 710: 705: 700: 695: 694: 693: 688: 677: 675: 669: 668: 666: 665: 664: 663: 653: 648: 643: 638: 637: 636: 626: 620: 618: 612: 611: 609: 608: 603: 598: 593: 588: 583: 578: 577: 576: 571: 564:Chromatography 561: 556: 555: 554: 549: 544: 534: 533: 532: 527: 522: 517: 507: 502: 496: 494: 488: 487: 485: 484: 482:Periodic table 479: 474: 469: 463: 460: 459: 453: 451: 450: 443: 436: 428: 420: 419: 410:), 1058–1072. 391: 390: 388: 385: 355: 352: 346: 343: 340: 335: 323: 322: 311: 306: 303: 299: 295: 290: 287: 281: 278: 275: 270: 263: 257: 254: 251: 248: 245: 242: 239: 235: 228: 222: 219: 216: 212: 206: 203: 198: 193: 190: 187: 184: 181: 178: 175: 172: 166: 163: 160: 155: 140: 139: 127: 121: 117: 113: 108: 104: 99: 95: 90: 87: 83: 50: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1495: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1468: 1457: 1452: 1450: 1445: 1443: 1438: 1437: 1431: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1416: 1413: 1409: 1404: 1393: 1392: 1383: 1381: 1380: 1375: 1371: 1369: 1368: 1359: 1357: 1356: 1347: 1346: 1343: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1326:Chemical bond 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1290: 1287: 1286: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1266: 1263: 1261: 1258: 1256: 1253: 1252: 1250: 1246: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1224: 1223: 1220: 1216: 1215:Stoichiometry 1213: 1212: 1211: 1208: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1185: 1184: 1181: 1177: 1174: 1173: 1172: 1171:Nanochemistry 1169: 1168: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1154: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1132: 1131: 1128: 1127: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1117: 1114: 1110: 1107: 1105: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1070: 1069: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1055: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1038: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1020: 1019: 1016: 1015: 1013: 1011: 1007: 1001: 998: 996: 993: 991: 988: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 969: 966: 965: 964: 961: 957: 954: 953: 952: 949: 945: 942: 940: 937: 936: 935: 932: 931: 929: 927: 923: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 899: 897: 896:Semisynthesis 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 868: 865: 861: 858: 857: 856: 853: 852: 850: 848: 844: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 821: 818: 817: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 802: 800: 798: 794: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 746: 743: 742: 741: 738: 736: 733: 731: 730:Sonochemistry 728: 726: 725:Cryochemistry 723: 719: 718:Micromeritics 716: 715: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 699: 696: 692: 689: 687: 684: 683: 682: 679: 678: 676: 674: 670: 662: 659: 658: 657: 654: 652: 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 635: 632: 631: 630: 627: 625: 622: 621: 619: 617: 613: 607: 604: 602: 599: 597: 596:Wet chemistry 594: 592: 589: 587: 584: 582: 579: 575: 572: 570: 567: 566: 565: 562: 560: 557: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 539: 538: 535: 531: 528: 526: 523: 521: 518: 516: 513: 512: 511: 508: 506: 503: 501: 498: 497: 495: 493: 489: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 464: 461: 457: 449: 444: 442: 437: 435: 430: 429: 426: 417: 413: 409: 405: 402: 396: 393: 386: 384: 382: 377: 375: 371: 353: 350: 333: 304: 301: 297: 288: 285: 268: 252: 249: 243: 240: 237: 233: 220: 217: 214: 210: 204: 201: 196: 191: 188: 185: 182: 179: 176: 173: 170: 153: 145: 144: 143: 119: 115: 111: 106: 102: 93: 88: 85: 81: 73: 72: 71: 69: 65: 61: 58::1,2,... ..., 57: 53: 46: 41: 39: 38:H. C. Hamaker 35: 31: 28:with induced 27: 23: 19: 1428:expanding it 1417: 1402: 1389: 1377: 1365: 1353: 1203:Biosynthesis 1053:Geochemistry 968:Pharmacology 944:Cell biology 934:Biochemistry 762:Spectroscopy 661:VSEPR theory 510:Spectroscopy 454:Branches of 407: 403: 400: 395: 378: 373: 369: 324: 141: 67: 63: 59: 55: 48: 44: 42: 22:Fritz London 15: 1391:WikiProject 616:Theoretical 601:Calorimetry 1467:Categories 1227:Metallurgy 926:Biological 492:Analytical 387:References 1289:Catalysis 797:Inorganic 591:Titration 456:chemistry 250:≠ 234:∑ 211:∑ 112:− 70:is then: 34:molecules 26:molecules 1355:Category 1311:Molecule 1248:See also 673:Physical 1367:Commons 1331:Alchemy 847:Organic 401:Physica 30:dipoles 1379:Portal 525:UV-Vis 325:where 1418:This 552:MALDI 520:Raman 1424:stub 1306:Atom 574:HPLC 372:and 66:and 1316:Ion 547:ICP 530:NMR 412:doi 20:by 1469:: 1046:/ 1042:/ 894:/ 569:GC 542:EI 515:IR 408:10 383:. 1455:e 1448:t 1441:v 1430:. 1280:" 1276:" 447:e 440:t 433:v 414:: 406:( 404:4 374:j 370:i 354:j 351:i 345:t 342:n 339:i 334:V 310:) 305:j 302:i 298:R 294:( 289:j 286:i 280:t 277:n 274:i 269:V 262:N 256:) 253:i 247:( 244:0 241:= 238:j 227:N 221:0 218:= 215:i 205:2 202:1 197:= 192:N 189:. 186:. 183:. 180:, 177:2 174:, 171:1 165:t 162:n 159:i 154:V 126:| 120:j 116:R 107:i 103:R 98:| 94:= 89:j 86:i 82:R 68:j 64:i 60:N 56:i 54:{ 51:i 49:R 45:N

Index

van der Waals forces
Fritz London
molecules
dipoles
molecules
H. C. Hamaker
quantum perturbation theory
doi
10.1016/S0031-8914(37)80203-7
v
t
e
chemistry
Glossary of chemical formulae
List of biomolecules
List of inorganic compounds
Periodic table
Analytical
Instrumental chemistry
Electroanalytical methods
Spectroscopy
IR
Raman
UV-Vis
NMR
Mass spectrometry
EI
ICP
MALDI
Separation process

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑