51:
181:
6166:
3870:, the hamza is not a distinct letter and is not generally used to denote the glottal stop, but rather to indicate vowels. The hamza is only depicted with vowels in their initial or isolated forms, and only then when the vowel starts a word. It is also occasionally used when a word has two vowels in a row.
1885:
Logically, hamza is just like any other letter, but it may be written in different ways. It has no effect on the way other letters are written. In particular, surrounding long vowels are written just as they always are, regardless of the "seat" of the hamza—even if this results in the appearance of
3857:
if that letter is preceded by a non-joiner letter; then, it is seated above waw. Hamza is also seated when written above baṛi yeh. In the final form, Hamza is written in its full form. In ezāfe, hamza is seated above choṭi he, yeh or baṛi yeh of the first word to represent the -e- of ezāfe compound.
948:; only one isolated form, but actually used in medial and final positions where it will be non joining), after any Arabic letter (if that letter has an initial or medial form, these forms will be changed to isolated or final forms respectively):
86:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
3827:
or syllable break between the two vowels. In the middle position, if hamza is surrounded by only one vowel, it takes the sound of that vowel. In the final position hamza is silent or produces a glottal sound, as in Arabic.
1889:
The hamza can be written in five ways: on its own ("on the line"), under an alif, or over an alif, wāw, or yāʾ, called the "seat" of the hamza. When written over yāʾ, the dots that would normally be written underneath are
664:
which attaches, connects or joins", i.e. the attachment, connection, joining"), a non-phonemic glottal stop produced automatically only if at the beginning of an utterance, otherwise assimilated. Although the
96:
3882:, the hamza is used only at the beginning of words, and the only form is high hamza. It is not used to denote any sound, but to indicate that the vowels in the word will be the four front vowels:
3823:
alphabet, hamza does not occur at the initial position over alif since alif is not used as a glottal stop in Urdu. In the middle position, if hamza is surrounded by vowels, it indicates a
2477:
does not write the paradigms out in full, but in general agrees with John Mace's book, including the alternative forms and sometimes lists a third alternative with the entire sequence
465:), the hamza is written in initial, medial and final positions as an unlinked letter or placed above or under a carrier character. Despite its common usage as a letter in
3811:
is completely removed from the Jawi alphabet, and for Arabic loanwords using the letter, it is replaced with a normal waw followed by a three-quarter high hamza instead.
1900:
The rules for hamza depend on whether it occurs as the initial, middle, or final letter (not sound) in a word. (Thus, final short inflectional vowels do not count, but
395:
2559:: The table shows only potential combinations and their graphic representations according to the spelling rules; not every possible combination exists in Arabic.
2265:
s in a row. Generally, the choice is between the form following the rules here or an alternative form using hamza over yāʾ in all cases. Example forms are
1072:
This form has been proposed for the inclusion to the
Unicode Standard, but the Unicode Script Ad Hoc Group stated that it can be unified with the existing
3651:, as it is unified with ARABIC LETTER HIGH HAMZA, but the common way of writing this form is by using a normal hamza and altering its vertical position.
3573:), hamza is used for various purposes, but is rarely used to denote a glottal stop except in certain Arabic loanwords. The default isolated hamza form (
4571:
106:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
2531:
with hamza only over alif, but that is not allowed in any of the previous three books. (It appears to be an overgeneralization on the part of the
114:
545:. In modern orthography, hamza may also appear on the line, under certain circumstances as though it were a full letter, independent of an alif.
4622:
3831:
In Urdu, hamza usually represents a diphthong between two vowels. It rarely acts like the Arabic hamza except in a few loanwords from Arabic.
4256:
1312:
may have it initially as well (or it may take its isolated or initial shape, even in Arabic, after a non-joining letter in the same word):
388:
4540:
5165:
4467:
4442:
4417:
4384:
3643:
In some instances Arabic loanwords which change their original spelling may change the hamza to the three-quarter high hamza instead
5812:
4094:
4045:
493:
489:
313:
295:
5339:
4605:
381:
342:
3585:: hamzah tiga suku) is most commonly used in daily Jawi writing. The three-quarter high hamza itself is used in many cases:
5787:
4564:
4027:
3581:) is the second least common form of hamza, whereas another form unique to the Jawi script, the three-quarter high hamza (
127:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing German
Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
5104:
4655:
6190:
5748:
5227:
4105:
1893:
When according to the rules below, a hamza with an alif seat would occur before an alif which represents the vowel
536:
485:
5501:
5491:
5468:
6169:
6077:
5559:
4557:
4376:
122:
143:
5626:
5324:
5267:
4670:
1085:. The form above currently being displayed using a standard Arabic Hamza with an altered vertical position.
591:
364:
5432:
5392:
5317:
5312:
5076:
4612:
4197:
4152:
4086:
3867:
477:
466:
347:
309:
305:
291:
91:
20:
6158:
5991:
5943:
5753:
5735:
5728:
5718:
5713:
5705:
5525:
5260:
5232:
5222:
5026:
4650:
4177:
4053:
1015:; only one isolated form, but actually used in medial and final positions where it will be non joining):
481:
4340:
Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Constable, Peter (2022-04-15), "4c High Hamza",
1792:
Surrounding vowels determine the seat of the hamza with preceding long vowels and diphthongs (such as
6195:
5894:
5654:
5574:
5054:
4125:
4025:
4013:
4008:
written in Arabic script includes the diacritic or "wavy hamza". In
Kashmiri the diacritic is called
3743:), and is most commonly used in Arabic loanwords. It is also used for words which repeat or combine "
844:
595:
534:
226:
5953:
5763:
5636:
5459:
5010:
4924:
4202:
3766:
meaning "taunt") and for denoting a glottal stop in the middle of a word after a consonant such as
3631:
To write non-Malay single-syllable words (most commonly names) that starts with a vowel other than
2499:
presents paradigms with hamza written the same way throughout, regardless of the rules above. Thus
504:
4298:
2054:
If a long vowel or diphthong precedes, the seat of the hamza is determined mostly by what follows:
1749:
The rules for writing hamza differ somewhat between languages even if the writing is based on the
6205:
6121:
5807:
5723:
5520:
5445:
533:) in the Arabic alphabet. However, Alif was used to express both a glottal stop and a long vowel
628:
which breaks, ceases or halts", i.e. the broken, cessation, halting"), otherwise referred to as
4341:
6200:
5868:
5621:
5541:
5481:
5244:
5151:
5136:
5047:
4709:
4704:
4697:
4690:
4463:
4438:
4413:
4380:
4279:
4252:
4015:
4005:
1924:
868:
541:. In order to indicate that a glottal stop is used and not a mere vowel, it was added to Alif
352:
118:
6031:
5889:
5687:
5668:
5631:
5510:
5440:
5383:
5368:
5295:
5141:
5126:
5071:
5033:
4737:
4680:
4640:
4537:
4167:
3879:
2458:"move to the back", "to return to come back", "to repent") have no alternative form. (Note
1382:
836:
828:
512:
3640:
Glottal stops for archaic words (specifically titles and names which have a fixed spelling)
1849:
require hamza on the line, instead of over an alif as one would expect. (See III.1b below.)
6072:
6001:
5938:
5932:
5801:
5676:
5616:
5476:
5420:
5405:
5400:
5373:
5363:
5307:
5280:
5255:
5190:
5184:
5170:
5156:
5113:
5095:
4695:
4685:
4665:
4600:
4544:
4192:
4162:
2525:
2517:
2509:
2501:
2487:
2479:
2460:
2410:
2385:
2374:
2360:
2335:
2327:
2259:
2251:
2236:
2208:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2150:
2142:
2112:
2104:
2096:
2086:
2079:
2071:
2063:
2040:
2023:
2015:
1999:
1982:
1968:
1960:
1946:
1938:
1922:
1902:
1843:
1835:
1824:
1816:
1808:
1799:
1793:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1672:
1599:
1532:
1526:
1459:
1453:
1386:
1376:
1303:
1292:
1223:
1098:
945:
864:
821:
802:
715:
679:
667:
646:
630:
610:
558:
515:
alphabets, from which the Arabic alphabet is descended, the glottal stop was expressed by
508:
470:
438:
421:
413:
325:
216:
37:
4319:
6152:
6082:
6016:
5921:
5695:
5584:
5579:
5564:
5549:
5515:
5300:
4675:
4617:
3775:(subeditor). More commonly, however, it is used for denoting a schwa after the vowels "
3736:
3582:
3574:
3570:
1012:
369:
180:
4899:
4809:
4782:
2408:"to read, to recite, to review/ study") the alternative form has hamza over alif, not
2140:
If there is only one vowel (or two of the same kind), that vowel determines the seat (
1830:(أ) if there are two conflicting vowels that count; on the line (ء) if there are none.
6184:
6114:
6109:
6095:
6041:
5976:
5958:
5844:
5829:
5823:
5792:
5611:
5606:
5591:
5554:
5415:
5410:
5334:
5290:
5146:
5120:
4861:
4852:
4645:
4632:
3566:
1678:
1605:
1309:
434:
333:
196:
6087:
6046:
5986:
5966:
5926:
5839:
5834:
5601:
5596:
5486:
5209:
5195:
4987:
4969:
4762:
4482:
4368:
4182:
4049:
3854:
1750:
442:
228:
24:
5911:
4437:(Bilingual ed.). Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press. pp. 5–8.
4318:
Ahmad Ali A. Karim; (Tun) Suzana (Tun) Othman; Dr. Hasanuddin Yusof (2022-01-11).
1988:) the hamza is written under a place-holding alif and is called "hamza on a wall."
572:) meaning 'to prick, goad, drive' or 'to provide (a letter or word) with hamzah'.
4508:
3724:
are both also in Arabic loanwords where the original spelling has been retained.
5981:
5873:
5817:
5569:
4978:
4730:
4172:
3843:
2249:
presents alternative forms in almost all cases when hamza is followed by a long
1709:
1636:
1563:
1490:
1417:
1340:
1256:
1187:
1131:
1043:
976:
903:
832:
4881:
4827:
2440:"to be or become slow, late or backward, "to come late", "to move slowly") and
5131:
5040:
4222:
4120:
2380:. Perhaps, the resulting sequence of three wāws would be especially repugnant.
136:
4283:
6036:
4090:
3824:
1863:
Has a seat matching the final short vowel for words ending in a short vowel.
542:
446:
4412:] (in Malay). Seri Kembangan (Malaysia): Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor.
4147:
2133:
Otherwise, both preceding and following vowels have an effect on the hamza.
5912:
4997:
4988:
4979:
4970:
4961:
4952:
4943:
4934:
4925:
4916:
4907:
4897:
4889:
4879:
4871:
4862:
4853:
4844:
4835:
4825:
4817:
4807:
4799:
4790:
4780:
4772:
4763:
4754:
6021:
6011:
5904:
4714:
4372:
3835:
1909:
301:
4111:
or sometimes substitute the similar-looking Right Single
Quotation Mark
2226:
Not surprisingly, the complexity of the rules causes some disagreement.
453:, or other features, depending on the language. Derived from the letter
6056:
4720:
4187:
3648:
3531:
s, however, in Modern Arabic this rule is less applicable, thus modern
497:
238:
125:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
4040:
There are different ways to represent hamza in Latin transliteration:
5971:
5899:
4951:
4595:
4580:
4273:
4101:
3853:
Hamza is always written on the line in the middle position unless in
4320:"Proposal to Encode ARABIC LETTER THREE QUARTER HIGH HAMZA for Jawi"
3930:). However, it is not used for words containing another front vowel
1308:. Joined medially and finally in Arabic, other languages written in
3850:
if it is added at the end of the first word of the ezāfe compound.
2102:
precedes, however, that would conflict with the stroke joining the
1860:
Alone on the line when preceded by a long vowel or final consonant.
797:
the perfective aspect of verb forms VII to X and their verbal nouns
725:
some short words with two of their three-consonant roots apparent:
429:
63:
6051:
6006:
5996:
4915:
4870:
4843:
4816:
4789:
4753:
4549:
4460:
Kazakh-Chinese
Concise Dictionary (哈汉辞典. قازاقشا - حانزۋشا سوزدىك)
4157:
1897:, a single alif is instead written with the maddah symbol over it.
1872:
696:
681:
674:
587:
522:
517:
450:
206:
2013:
If a short vowel precedes, the hamza is written over the letter (
6026:
4996:
4942:
4933:
4906:
4888:
4834:
4798:
4142:
4138:
4078:
3847:
3839:
3820:
1871:
If the rules call for this, replace the combination by a single
530:
461:
455:
83:
32:
19:
This article is about the punctuation mark. For other uses, see
4553:
4365:
Malay
Language Word Directory: Rumi-Pronunciation-Jawi (Book 1)
2351:"to act badly, be bad") the alternatives are hamza on the line
800:
some borrowed words that start with consonant clusters such as
4960:
4771:
717:
44:
699:), it is normally indicated by a plain alif without a hamza.
473:, although some argue that it should be considered a letter.
4067:
3834:
Hamza is also added at the last letter of the first word of
1991:
If the letter following the hamza is an alif itself: (as in
3792:
3767:
3761:
3752:
3711:
3702:
3696:
3687:
4462:(in Chinese and Kazakh), Ūlttar Baspasy (ۇلتتار باسپاسى),
4343:
Recommendations to UTC #171 April 2022 on Script
Proposals
95:
to this template: there are already 1,863 articles in the
4272:
Wright, W.; Robertson Smith, W.; de Goeje, M. J. (1996).
2094:
Otherwise, the hamza would be written on the line. If a
4223:"Hamza In Arabic And It's Different Forms - Full Guide"
4097:
863:
The hamza can be written either alone, as if it were a
4361:
Daftar Kata Bahasa Melayu: Rumi-Sebutan-Jawi (Jilid 1)
4359:
Dahaman, Ismail bin; Ahmad, Manshoor bin Haji (2001).
3838:
compound to represent -e- if the first word ends with
2110:
to the following letter, so the hamza is written over
2318:"to will, to want, to intend, to wish"). Exceptions:
500:, it is either written as "2" or not written at all.
23:. For the name transcribed by the same spelling, see
300:. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
79:
6130:
6065:
5952:
5882:
5861:
5786:
5704:
5686:
5647:
5540:
5500:
5467:
5458:
5431:
5391:
5382:
5356:
5243:
5103:
5094:
5085:
5064:
5018:
5009:
4746:
4631:
4588:
3686:, where its root word starts with a vowel (such as
2032:Otherwise, the hamza is written on the line (as in
1966:), the hamza is written over a place-holding alif;
280:
275:
259:
254:
236:
222:
212:
202:
192:
187:
159:
4433:Nazarova, Gulnisa; Niyaz, Kurban (December 2013).
4112:
4108:
3527:Arabic writing has tried to avoid two consecutive
3589:Separating vowel letters of a diphthongs such as
2247:Teach Yourself Arabic Verbs and Essential Grammar
2372:, when the rules here would call for hamza over
314:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
4118:Different unstandardized symbols exist such as
1753:. The following addresses Arabic specifically.
644:), that is, a phonemic glottal stop unlike the
3662:is used for prefixed words using the prefixes
3601:when present in certain positions within words
1912:, counts, and the hamza is considered medial.)
469:, it is generally not considered to be one of
121:accompanying your translation by providing an
70:Click for important translation instructions.
62:expand this article with text translated from
4565:
389:
8:
4024:when below the alif: اٟ to create the sound
4012:when used above alif: ٲ to create the vowel
2475:A new Arabic Grammar of the Written Language
2257:. The motivation appears to be to avoid two
2234:follows the rules exactly (but the sequence
1298:
813:
794:the imperative verbs of forms I and VII to X
785:
774:
763:
752:
741:
730:
703:
689:
654:
638:
618:
602:
577:
566:
42:), which has a similar looking initial form.
5464:
5388:
5100:
5091:
5015:
4572:
4558:
4550:
3716:)). This form as well as hamza below alif
1920:If the following letter is a short vowel,
831:or at the beginning of a noun following a
445:and, in non-Arabic languages, indicates a
396:
382:
321:
4249:The Hans Wehr Dictionary of Modern Arabic
3464: The hamza is written over or under
3793:
3768:
3753:
3703:
3688:
3121:
2562:
1685:
1612:
1539:
1466:
1393:
1316:
1232:
1163:
1107:
1019:
952:
879:
811:It is not pronounced following a vowel (
4299:"Submit Jawi character to IANA - final"
4214:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3499: The hamza is written on the line
867:, or with a carrier, when it becomes a
851:also gives way for the next letter for
331:
324:
16:Mark used in Arabic-based orthographies
4304:. Malaysia Network Information Center.
4251:(4th ed.). Otto Harrassowitz KG.
3942:) or words containing four consonants
3556:Hamza in other Arabic-script alphabets
1857:will have a seat or be written alone:
1789:will have a seat or be written alone:
156:
100:
4538:Interactive lesson for learning hamza
4297:Shariya Haniz Zulkifli (2009-07-09).
4056:, resembling a dotless question mark.
3338:
3277:
3216:
3155:
3059:
2966:
2905:
2844:
2783:
2718:
2657:
2596:
2159:If there are two conflicting vowels,
1869:Two adjacent alifs are never allowed.
7:
4313:
4311:
3647:This exact form is not available in
304:. For the distinction between ,
3604:Preceding certain suffixes such as
2077:follows, the hamza is written over
2029:) corresponding to the short vowel.
1299:
814:
786:
775:
764:
753:
742:
731:
704:
690:
655:
639:
619:
603:
578:
567:
417:
6157:Languages between parentheses are
2466:with the same sequence of vowels.)
14:
2552:) stands here for any consonant.
6165:
6164:
4275:A grammar of the Arabic language
4020:. Kashmiri calls the wavy hamza
3447: The hamza is written over
3430: The hamza is written over
875:Alone: (only one isolated form):
179:
49:
4095:modifier letter right half ring
4066:, the simple apostrophe; and a
4046:International Phonetic Alphabet
3735:is known as a "housed hamzah" (
2485:written as a single hamza over
494:International Phonetic Alphabet
490:modifier letter right half ring
296:International Phonetic Alphabet
6161:of the language on their left.
4435:Uyghur: An Elementary Textbook
4400:Haris bin Kasim, Haji (2019).
4278:. Cambridge University Press.
4059:There is a tradition of using
1389:alphabets, not used in Arabic:
131:You may also add the template
1:
4052:is represented by the letter
3569:(Arabic script used to write
2050:III. If the hamza is medial:
1886:two consecutive wāws or yāʾs.
1765:is always placed over (أ for
4656:Ancient South Arabian script
4623:Influence on other languages
1916:I. If the hamza is initial:
827:). This event occurs in the
5913:
4998:
4989:
4980:
4971:
4962:
4953:
4944:
4935:
4926:
4917:
4908:
4898:
4890:
4880:
4872:
4863:
4854:
4845:
4836:
4826:
4818:
4808:
4800:
4791:
4781:
4773:
4764:
4755:
4696:
4327:Unicode Technical Committee
2526:
2518:
2510:
2507:with hamza only over alif,
2502:
2488:
2480:
2461:
2411:
2386:
2375:
2361:
2336:
2328:
2260:
2252:
2242:does not occur; see below).
2237:
2209:
2194:
2186:
2178:
2170:
2162:
2151:
2143:
2113:
2105:
2097:
2087:
2080:
2072:
2064:
2041:
2024:
2016:
2009:II. If the hamza is final:
2000:
1983:
1969:
1961:
1947:
1939:
1923:
1903:
1844:
1836:
1825:
1817:
1809:
1800:
1794:
1779:
1773:
1767:
1673:
1600:
1527:
1454:
1377:
1304:
1293:
1224:
1099:
822:
803:
716:
680:
668:
647:
631:
611:
559:
422:
144:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
103:will aid in categorization.
38:
6222:
4410:Year 4 Jawi JAIS Text Book
4247:". In Cowan, J. M. (ed.).
4106:modifier letter apostrophe
2493:instead of as two letters.
839:. If the definite article
585:
486:modifier letter apostrophe
78:Machine translation, like
29:
18:
6144:
6137:Islam and Arabic language
4483:"Vowel 04: ٲ / ä – (aae)"
4087:standard transliterations
4077:
4071:
4061:
3981:
3969:
3957:
3945:
3933:
3921:
3909:
3897:
3885:
3815:Urdu (Shahmukhi) alphabet
3806:
3794:
3769:
3754:
3730:
3719:
3704:
3689:
3681:
3673:
3665:
3657:
3619:
3607:
3543:
3533:
3502:
3488:
3479:
3470:
3453:
3436:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3368:
3362:
3331:
3325:
3319:
3313:
3307:
3301:
3270:
3264:
3258:
3252:
3246:
3240:
3209:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3130:
3127:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3052:
3046:
3040:
3034:
3028:
3020:
3014:
3013:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2959:
2953:
2947:
2941:
2935:
2929:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2880:
2874:
2868:
2837:
2831:
2825:
2819:
2813:
2807:
2772:
2766:
2760:
2754:
2748:
2742:
2711:
2705:
2699:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2650:
2644:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2620:
2571:
2568:
2545:
2453:
2446:
2435:
2425:
2403:
2393:
2367:
2353:
2346:
2313:
2303:
2292:
2282:
2271:
2201:
2121:
2034:
2005:) alif maddah will occur.
1993:
1976:
1954:
1932:
1733:
1727:
1721:
1715:
1705:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1632:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1569:
1559:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1486:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1423:
1413:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1336:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1262:
1252:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1193:
1183:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1127:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1049:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
982:
972:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
909:
899:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
556:is derived from the verb
460:
428:
288:
178:
171:
162:
64:the corresponding article
31:
6078:Arabic script in Unicode
5813:Jordanian Bengali Pidgin
5173:(North-Eastern Tunisian)
4377:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
4243:Wehr, Hans (1994). "همز
4093:transliterate it with a
4048:(IPA), the sound of the
1083:ARABIC LETTER HIGH HAMZA
1009:Three-Quarter High Hamza
30:Not to be confused with
5340:Western Egyptian Bedawi
4509:"Vowel07: اٟ / ü ( ι )"
3541:"heads" corresponds to
2497:Al-Kitāb fī Taʿallum...
1091:Combined with a letter:
592:Arabic definite article
437:character that, in the
292:phonetic transcriptions
142:For more guidance, see
133:{{Translated|de|Hamza}}
4198:Romanization of Arabic
3994:Wavy hamza in Kashmiri
3880:Kazakh Arabic alphabet
3868:Uyghur Arabic alphabet
3762:
3740:
3712:
3697:
3578:
2304:يَشَائُونَ، يَشَاءُونَ
2220:occurs if appropriate.
2206:, with hamza over the
2167:takes precedence over
835:or a verb following a
467:Modern Standard Arabic
289:This article contains
21:Hamza (disambiguation)
5944:Quranic Arabic Corpus
4651:Ancient North Arabian
4178:Glottal stop (letter)
4036:Latin representations
2515:with hamza only over
2473:Haywood and Nahmad's
2199:'hundred' is written
1908:is written as alif +
1608:, not used in Arabic:
1535:, not used in Arabic:
1462:, not used in Arabic:
713:the definite article
673:can be written as an
115:copyright attribution
5895:Sun and moon letters
5055:Pre-classical Arabic
4126:Arabic chat alphabet
1880:Detailed description
1681:, not used in Arabic
596:sun and moon letters
482:typewriter apostophe
5749:Judeo-Tripolitanian
5228:Judeo-Tripolitanian
4513:Kashmiri Dictionary
4487:Kashmiri Dictionary
4203:Varieties of Arabic
3727:The hamza above ya
3124:
2565:
1833:As a special case,
1745:Arabic "seat" rules
1310:Arabic-based script
476:The hamza is often
247:ARABIC LETTER HAMZA
6122:MacArabic encoding
4543:2012-10-14 at the
4458:Nayman, S (1985),
4367:] (in Malay).
3122:
2563:
1777:) or under (إ for
1097:Above or below an
1023:Position in word:
213:Language of origin
123:interlanguage link
6191:Arabic diacritics
6178:
6177:
6153:extinct languages
6092:MS-DOS codepages
5857:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5536:
5535:
5454:
5453:
5352:
5351:
5048:Old Hijazi Arabic
4515:. 6 February 2021
4489:. 31 January 2021
4258:978-0-87950-003-0
4100:. Others such as
4076:represents `ayn (
4006:Kashmiri language
3654:Hamza above alif
3636:⟨ا⟩
3419:
3418:
3120:
3119:
1740:
1739:
1689:Position in word
1667:
1666:
1616:Position in word
1594:
1593:
1543:Position in word
1521:
1520:
1470:Position in word
1448:
1447:
1397:Position in word
1371:
1370:
1320:Position in word
1305:Hamza ʿAlā Nabrah
1287:
1286:
1236:Position in word
1218:
1217:
1167:Position in word
1162:
1161:
1111:Position in word
1070:
1069:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1004:
1003:
1000:
995:
990:
956:Position in word
931:
930:
927:
922:
917:
883:Position in word
843:is followed by a
823:al-baytu l-kabīru
815:البَيْتُ الكَبِير
406:
405:
320:
319:
281:Writing direction
155:
154:
71:
6213:
6168:
6167:
5916:
5465:
5389:
5325:Western Algerian
5272:Eastern Algerian
5268:Algerian Saharan
5198:(Lesser Kabylia)
5101:
5092:
5034:Nabataean Arabic
5016:
5001:
4992:
4983:
4974:
4965:
4956:
4947:
4938:
4929:
4920:
4911:
4903:
4893:
4885:
4875:
4866:
4857:
4848:
4839:
4831:
4821:
4813:
4803:
4794:
4786:
4776:
4767:
4758:
4738:Maltese alphabet
4701:
4681:Algerian Braille
4671:Eastern numerals
4641:Nabataean script
4574:
4567:
4560:
4551:
4525:
4524:
4522:
4520:
4505:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4494:
4479:
4473:
4472:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4405:
4397:
4391:
4390:
4356:
4350:
4349:
4348:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4324:
4315:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4294:
4288:
4287:
4269:
4263:
4262:
4240:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4219:
4168:Arabic phonology
4114:
4110:
4099:
4081:
4073:
4063:
4031:
4019:
3985:
3983:
3973:
3971:
3961:
3959:
3949:
3947:
3937:
3935:
3925:
3923:
3913:
3911:
3901:
3899:
3889:
3887:
3810:
3808:
3803:Hamza above waw
3799:
3798:
3796:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3765:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3734:
3732:
3723:
3721:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3685:
3683:
3677:
3675:
3669:
3667:
3661:
3659:
3649:Unicode Standard
3637:
3623:
3621:
3611:
3609:
3549:
3545:
3535:
3525:
3507:
3504:
3498:
3493:
3490:
3484:
3481:
3475:
3472:
3463:
3458:
3455:
3446:
3441:
3438:
3429:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3394:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3370:
3364:
3333:
3327:
3321:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3272:
3266:
3260:
3254:
3248:
3242:
3211:
3205:
3199:
3193:
3187:
3181:
3125:
3115:
3109:
3103:
3097:
3091:
3085:
3054:
3048:
3042:
3036:
3030:
3022:
3016:
3010:
3004:
2998:
2992:
2961:
2955:
2949:
2943:
2937:
2931:
2900:
2894:
2888:
2882:
2876:
2870:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2774:
2768:
2762:
2756:
2750:
2744:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2683:
2652:
2646:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2622:
2566:
2547:
2529:
2521:
2513:
2505:
2491:
2483:
2464:
2455:
2448:
2437:
2427:
2414:
2405:
2395:
2389:
2383:In the sequence
2378:
2369:
2364:
2358:, or hamza over
2355:
2348:
2339:
2331:
2325:In the sequence
2315:
2305:
2294:
2284:
2273:
2263:
2255:
2240:
2232:201 Arabic Verbs
2212:
2203:
2197:
2189:
2181:
2173:
2165:
2154:
2146:
2123:
2116:
2108:
2100:
2090:
2083:
2075:
2067:
2044:
2036:
2027:
2019:
2003:
1995:
1986:
1978:
1972:
1964:
1956:
1950:
1942:
1934:
1928:
1906:
1847:
1839:
1828:
1820:
1812:
1804:) being ignored.
1803:
1797:
1782:
1776:
1770:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1686:
1676:
1662:
1656:
1650:
1644:
1613:
1603:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1540:
1530:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1498:
1467:
1457:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1394:
1380:
1366:
1360:
1354:
1348:
1317:
1307:
1302:
1301:
1296:
1291:Above a dotless
1282:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1233:
1227:
1213:
1207:
1201:
1195:
1164:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1139:
1108:
1102:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1051:
1020:
998:
993:
988:
984:
953:
925:
920:
915:
911:
880:
855:is assimilated.
837:relative pronoun
829:definite article
825:
817:
816:
806:
789:
788:
778:
777:
767:
766:
756:
755:
745:
744:
734:
733:
721:
707:
706:
693:
692:
685:
671:
658:
657:
650:
642:
641:
634:
622:
621:
620:هَمْزَة الْقَطْع
614:
608:) on its own is
606:
605:
581:
580:
576:Hamzat al-waṣl (
570:
569:
562:
540:
525:), continued by
464:
432:
425:
419:
398:
391:
384:
322:
311:
307:
250:
249:
248:
232:
183:
174:
166:
165:
157:
134:
128:
102:
101:|topic=
99:, and specifying
84:Google Translate
69:
53:
52:
45:
41:
35:
6221:
6220:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6212:
6211:
6210:
6181:
6180:
6179:
6174:
6140:
6126:
6073:Arabic keyboard
6061:
5956:
5948:
5933:Mater lectionis
5927:Triliteral root
5878:
5849:
5790:
5782:
5700:
5682:
5643:
5532:
5496:
5450:
5427:
5378:
5348:
5239:
5219:Judeo-Maghrebi
5087:
5081:
5077:Modern Standard
5060:
5005:
4742:
4686:Maltese Braille
4666:Arabic numerals
4627:
4584:
4578:
4545:Wayback Machine
4534:
4529:
4528:
4518:
4516:
4507:
4506:
4502:
4492:
4490:
4481:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4457:
4456:
4452:
4445:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4420:
4406:يس جاوي تاهون 4
4403:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4387:
4379:. p. 129.
4358:
4357:
4353:
4346:
4339:
4338:
4334:
4322:
4317:
4316:
4309:
4301:
4296:
4295:
4291:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4259:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4228:
4226:
4221:
4220:
4216:
4211:
4193:Help:IPA/Arabic
4163:Arabic alphabet
4135:
4075:
4065:
4038:
4002:
3999:
3996:
3984:⟩
3979:
3972:⟩
3967:
3960:⟩
3955:
3948:⟩
3943:
3936:⟩
3931:
3924:⟩
3919:
3912:⟩
3907:
3900:⟩
3895:
3888:⟩
3883:
3876:
3874:Kazakh alphabet
3864:
3862:Uyghur alphabet
3817:
3809:⟩
3804:
3733:⟩
3728:
3722:⟩
3717:
3684:⟩
3679:
3676:⟩
3671:
3668:⟩
3663:
3660:⟩
3655:
3635:
3622:⟩
3617:
3610:⟩
3605:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3537:
3526:
3519:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3486:
3483:
3477:
3474:
3468:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3451:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3434:
3427:
2542:
2540:Overview tables
2457:
2450:
2439:
2429:
2407:
2397:
2371:
2357:
2350:
2317:
2307:
2296:
2286:
2275:
2205:
2125:
2038:
1997:
1980:
1958:
1936:
1882:
1759:
1747:
1742:
1741:
1707:
1668:
1634:
1595:
1561:
1533:Khowar alphabet
1522:
1488:
1460:Pashto alphabet
1449:
1415:
1372:
1338:
1288:
1254:
1219:
1185:
1129:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1041:
1005:
974:
932:
901:
861:
818:
790:
779:
768:
757:
746:
735:
708:
694:
659:
656:هَمْزَة الوَصْل
643:
623:
607:
598:
584:
571:
551:
492:(ʾ), or as the
439:Arabic alphabet
433:) is an
402:
348:Transliteration
332:
326:Arabic alphabet
271:
246:
245:
243:
217:Arabic language
172:
163:
161:
151:
150:
149:
132:
126:
72:
54:
50:
43:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6219:
6217:
6209:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6183:
6182:
6176:
6175:
6173:
6172:
6162:
6155:
6145:
6142:
6141:
6139:
6138:
6134:
6132:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6124:
6119:
6118:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6104:
6101:
6098:
6090:
6085:
6083:ISO/IEC 8859-6
6080:
6075:
6069:
6067:
6063:
6062:
6060:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6017:Naskh (script)
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5963:
5961:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5886:
5884:
5880:
5879:
5877:
5876:
5871:
5865:
5863:
5859:
5858:
5855:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5797:
5795:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5778:
5775:
5772:
5769:
5761:
5760:
5759:
5754:Judeo-Tunisian
5751:
5746:
5745:
5744:
5741:
5736:Judeo-Moroccan
5733:
5732:
5731:
5721:
5719:Judeo-Egyptian
5716:
5714:Judeo-Algerian
5710:
5708:
5702:
5701:
5699:
5698:
5696:Bedouin Arabic
5692:
5690:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5673:
5672:
5671:
5666:
5663:
5660:
5651:
5649:
5645:
5644:
5642:
5641:
5640:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5588:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5546:
5544:
5538:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5530:
5529:
5528:
5518:
5513:
5507:
5505:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5473:
5471:
5462:
5456:
5455:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5448:
5443:
5437:
5435:
5429:
5428:
5426:
5425:
5424:
5423:
5418:
5408:
5403:
5397:
5395:
5386:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5360:
5358:
5354:
5353:
5350:
5349:
5347:
5346:
5345:
5344:
5343:
5342:
5329:
5328:
5327:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5315:
5308:Moroccan koiné
5305:
5304:
5303:
5293:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5281:Tunisian koiné
5277:Eastern Hilal
5275:
5274:
5273:
5270:
5265:
5264:
5263:
5261:Judeo-Algerian
5256:Algerian koiné
5252:Central Hilal
5249:
5247:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5233:Judeo-Tunisian
5230:
5225:
5223:Judeo-Moroccan
5217:
5216:
5215:
5214:
5213:
5207:
5201:
5200:
5199:
5193:
5188:
5176:
5175:
5174:
5163:
5162:
5161:
5160:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5117:
5109:
5107:
5098:
5089:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5079:
5074:
5068:
5066:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5051:
5044:
5037:
5030:
5022:
5020:
5013:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5003:
4994:
4985:
4976:
4967:
4958:
4949:
4940:
4931:
4922:
4913:
4904:
4895:
4886:
4877:
4868:
4859:
4850:
4841:
4832:
4823:
4814:
4805:
4796:
4787:
4778:
4769:
4760:
4750:
4748:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4740:
4735:
4734:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4676:Arabic Braille
4673:
4668:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4637:
4635:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4598:
4592:
4590:
4586:
4585:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4569:
4562:
4554:
4548:
4547:
4533:
4532:External links
4530:
4527:
4526:
4500:
4474:
4468:
4450:
4443:
4425:
4418:
4392:
4385:
4351:
4332:
4307:
4289:
4264:
4257:
4235:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4116:
4083:
4070:
4060:
4057:
4037:
4034:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3875:
3872:
3863:
3860:
3816:
3813:
3800:(chandelier).
3751:" vowels like
3741:hamzah berumah
3645:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3629:
3602:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3542:
3532:
3516:
3515:
3501:
3495:
3487:
3478:
3469:
3460:
3452:
3443:
3435:
3426:
3417:
3416:
3410:
3404:
3397:
3396:
3390:
3384:
3378:
3372:
3366:
3359:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3335:
3329:
3323:
3317:
3311:
3305:
3298:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3268:
3262:
3256:
3250:
3244:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3207:
3201:
3195:
3189:
3183:
3176:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3133:
3132:
3129:
3118:
3117:
3111:
3105:
3099:
3093:
3087:
3080:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3057:
3056:
3050:
3044:
3038:
3032:
3025:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2994:
2987:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2957:
2951:
2945:
2939:
2933:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2896:
2890:
2884:
2878:
2872:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2823:
2817:
2811:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2781:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2716:
2715:
2709:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2685:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2654:
2648:
2642:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2561:
2560:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2494:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2452:
2445:
2434:
2424:
2417:
2402:
2392:
2381:
2366:
2352:
2345:
2320:
2319:
2312:
2302:
2291:
2281:
2270:
2243:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2215:
2200:
2157:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2120:
2092:
2091:, accordingly.
2056:
2055:
2048:
2047:
2033:
2030:
2007:
2006:
1992:
1989:
1975:
1953:
1931:
1914:
1913:
1898:
1891:
1887:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1861:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1831:
1805:
1784:
1758:
1755:
1746:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1703:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1665:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1592:
1591:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1567:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1519:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1369:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1297:, also called
1285:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1216:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1191:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1160:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1002:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
980:
970:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
951:
950:
949:
938:
937:
936:
929:
928:
923:
918:
913:
907:
897:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
878:
877:
876:
860:
857:
812:
809:
808:
798:
795:
792:
784:
773:
762:
751:
740:
729:
723:
702:
688:
669:hamzat al-waṣl
653:
648:hamzat al-waṣl
637:
617:
612:hamzat al-qaṭ‘
601:
583:
574:
565:
550:
547:
404:
403:
401:
400:
393:
386:
378:
375:
374:
373:
372:
367:
362:
361:
360:
350:
345:
337:
336:
329:
328:
318:
317:
312:⟩, see
286:
285:
282:
278:
277:
273:
272:
270:
269:
263:
261:
257:
256:
252:
251:
241:
234:
233:
224:
220:
219:
214:
210:
209:
204:
200:
199:
194:
193:Writing system
190:
189:
185:
184:
176:
175:
169:
168:
153:
152:
148:
147:
140:
129:
107:
104:
92:adding a topic
87:
76:
73:
59:
58:
57:
55:
48:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6218:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6188:
6186:
6171:
6163:
6160:
6156:
6154:
6150:
6147:
6146:
6143:
6136:
6135:
6133:
6129:
6123:
6120:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6105:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6093:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6070:
6068:
6064:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6042:Sini (script)
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6032:Ruqʿah script
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5977:Hijazi script
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5962:
5960:
5955:
5951:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5934:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5910:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5891:
5888:
5887:
5885:
5881:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5866:
5864:
5860:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5825:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5803:
5799:
5798:
5796:
5794:
5789:
5785:
5776:
5773:
5770:
5767:
5766:
5765:
5762:
5757:
5756:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5742:
5739:
5738:
5737:
5734:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5707:
5703:
5697:
5694:
5693:
5691:
5689:
5685:
5679:
5678:
5674:
5670:
5667:
5664:
5661:
5658:
5657:
5656:
5655:Central Asian
5653:
5652:
5650:
5646:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5627:Taʽizzi-Adeni
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5614:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5572:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5543:
5539:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5499:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5474:
5472:
5470:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5438:
5436:
5434:
5430:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5413:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5398:
5396:
5394:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5381:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5355:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5336:
5333:
5332:
5330:
5326:
5323:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5309:
5306:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5282:
5279:
5278:
5276:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5257:
5254:
5253:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5242:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5220:
5218:
5211:
5208:
5206:Traras-Msirda
5205:
5204:
5202:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5177:
5172:
5169:
5168:
5167:
5164:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5129:
5128:
5125:
5124:
5123:
5122:
5118:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5093:
5090:
5084:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5069:
5067:
5063:
5057:
5056:
5052:
5050:
5049:
5045:
5043:
5042:
5038:
5036:
5035:
5031:
5029:
5028:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5008:
5002:
5000:
4995:
4993:
4991:
4986:
4984:
4982:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4968:
4966:
4964:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4950:
4948:
4946:
4941:
4939:
4937:
4932:
4930:
4928:
4923:
4921:
4919:
4914:
4912:
4910:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4896:
4894:
4892:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4876:
4874:
4869:
4867:
4865:
4860:
4858:
4856:
4851:
4849:
4847:
4842:
4840:
4838:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4806:
4804:
4802:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4745:
4739:
4736:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4693:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4659:
4658:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4646:Arabic script
4644:
4642:
4639:
4638:
4636:
4634:
4630:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4587:
4582:
4575:
4570:
4568:
4563:
4561:
4556:
4555:
4552:
4546:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4514:
4510:
4504:
4501:
4488:
4484:
4478:
4475:
4471:
4469:9787105053520
4465:
4461:
4454:
4451:
4446:
4444:9781589016842
4440:
4436:
4429:
4426:
4421:
4419:9789671650004
4415:
4411:
4407:
4402:بوکو تيکس جا
4396:
4393:
4388:
4386:9789836246721
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4355:
4352:
4345:
4344:
4336:
4333:
4328:
4321:
4314:
4312:
4308:
4300:
4293:
4290:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4268:
4265:
4260:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4239:
4236:
4224:
4218:
4215:
4208:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4127:
4123:
4122:
4117:
4107:
4103:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4069:
4058:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4023:
4017:
4011:
4007:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3977:
3965:
3953:
3941:
3929:
3917:
3905:
3893:
3881:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3822:
3814:
3812:
3801:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3764:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3725:
3714:
3699:
3652:
3650:
3642:
3639:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3615:
3603:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3588:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3579:hamzah setara
3576:
3572:
3568:
3567:Jawi alphabet
3561:Jawi alphabet
3560:
3555:
3548:in the Quran.
3540:
3530:
3524:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3512:
3467:
3450:
3433:
3425:
3423:
3411:
3405:
3399:
3398:
3373:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3330:
3324:
3318:
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3306:
3300:
3299:
3295:
3292:
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3280:
3276:
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3263:
3257:
3251:
3245:
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3228:
3225:
3222:
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3215:
3208:
3202:
3196:
3190:
3184:
3178:
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3141:
3138:
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3112:
3106:
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3094:
3088:
3082:
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3019:
3007:
3001:
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2867:
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2698:
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2666:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2649:
2643:
2637:
2631:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2567:
2564:Intervocalic
2558:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2539:
2534:
2530:
2528:
2523:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2506:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2465:
2463:
2443:
2433:
2422:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2401:
2390:
2388:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2365:
2363:
2344:
2340:
2338:
2332:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2311:
2300:
2290:
2279:
2268:
2264:
2262:
2256:
2254:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2198:
2196:
2190:
2188:
2182:
2180:
2174:
2172:
2166:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2118:
2115:
2109:
2107:
2101:
2099:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2082:
2076:
2074:
2068:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2045:
2043:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2020:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2004:
2002:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1973:
1971:
1965:
1963:
1951:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1918:
1917:
1911:
1907:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1848:
1846:
1840:
1838:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1821:
1819:
1813:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1796:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1775:
1769:
1764:
1763:Initial hamza
1761:
1760:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1744:
1732:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1704:
1687:
1680:
1679:Urdu alphabet
1675:
1670:
1669:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1631:
1614:
1607:
1606:Urdu alphabet
1602:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1565:
1558:
1541:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1523:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1492:
1485:
1468:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1412:
1395:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1373:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1335:
1318:
1311:
1306:
1300:همزة على نبرة
1295:
1290:
1289:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1251:
1234:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1182:
1165:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1126:
1109:
1101:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1045:
1038:
1021:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1006:
997:
992:
987:
981:
978:
971:
954:
947:
943:
940:
939:
934:
933:
924:
919:
914:
908:
905:
898:
881:
874:
873:
872:
870:
866:
858:
856:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
824:
807:
805:
799:
796:
793:
783:
772:
761:
750:
739:
728:
724:
722:
720:
719:
712:
711:
710:
700:
698:
695:(only in the
686:
684:
683:
676:
672:
670:
663:
651:
649:
635:
633:
627:
615:
613:
597:
593:
589:
575:
573:
563:
561:
555:
548:
546:
544:
543:diacritically
538:
532:
528:
524:
520:
519:
514:
510:
506:
501:
499:
496:symbol ʔ. In
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
474:
472:
468:
463:
458:
457:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
435:Arabic script
431:
426:
424:
415:
411:
399:
394:
392:
387:
385:
380:
379:
377:
376:
371:
368:
366:
363:
359:
356:
355:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
340:
339:
338:
335:
334:Arabic script
330:
327:
323:
315:
303:
299:
297:
293:
287:
284:Right-to-left
283:
279:
274:
268:
265:
264:
262:
258:
253:
242:
240:
235:
230:
225:
221:
218:
215:
211:
208:
205:
201:
198:
197:Arabic script
195:
191:
186:
182:
177:
170:
158:
145:
141:
138:
130:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
98:
97:main category
94:
93:
88:
85:
81:
77:
75:
74:
67:
65:
60:You can help
56:
47:
46:
40:
34:
26:
22:
6148:
6088:Windows-1256
6047:Taliq script
5987:Jeli Thuluth
5967:Ajami script
5931:
5835:Pidgin madam
5822:
5800:
5764:Judeo-Yemeni
5706:Judeo-Arabic
5688:Sociological
5675:
5637:Judeo-Yemeni
5460:Mesopotamian
5335:Libyan koiné
5119:
5112:
5105:Pre-Hilalian
5053:
5046:
5039:
5032:
5027:Proto-Arabic
5025:
4725:
4660:Zabūr script
4613:Romanization
4517:. Retrieved
4512:
4503:
4491:. Retrieved
4486:
4477:
4459:
4453:
4434:
4428:
4409:
4401:
4395:
4369:Kuala Lumpur
4364:
4360:
4354:
4342:
4335:
4326:
4292:
4274:
4267:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4227:. Retrieved
4225:. 2024-03-29
4217:
4183:Hamza (name)
4119:
4068:grave accent
4050:glottal stop
4039:
4021:
4009:
4003:
3987:
3975:
3963:
3951:
3939:
3927:
3915:
3903:
3891:
3877:
3865:
3852:
3833:
3830:
3818:
3802:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3748:
3744:
3726:
3653:
3646:
3632:
3625:
3613:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3564:
3538:
3528:
3510:
3509:
3465:
3448:
3431:
3421:
3420:
3123:Other cases
2556:
2549:
2543:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2478:
2474:
2459:
2441:
2431:
2420:
2409:
2399:
2384:
2373:
2359:
2342:
2334:
2326:
2309:
2298:
2297:"to come"),
2288:
2277:
2266:
2258:
2250:
2246:
2245:John Mace's
2235:
2231:
2225:
2217:
2207:
2192:
2184:
2176:
2168:
2160:
2149:
2141:
2111:
2103:
2095:
2078:
2070:
2062:
2049:
2039:
2022:
2014:
2008:
1998:
1981:
1967:
1959:
1945:
1937:
1921:
1915:
1901:
1894:
1868:
1854:
1842:
1834:
1823:
1815:
1807:
1787:Medial hamza
1786:
1762:
1751:Arabic abjad
1748:
1071:
1008:
941:
862:
852:
848:
840:
820:
810:
801:
781:
770:
759:
748:
737:
726:
714:
701:
678:
666:
661:
645:
629:
625:
609:
599:
557:
553:
552:
526:
516:
502:
475:
454:
443:glottal stop
441:, denotes a
420:
409:
407:
357:
308:and ⟨
290:
266:
223:Sound values
119:edit summary
110:
90:
61:
25:Hamza (name)
6196:Punctuation
5982:Jawi script
5954:Calligraphy
5883:Linguistics
5808:Gulf Pidgin
5724:Judeo-Iraqi
5665:Kashkadarya
5521:Judeo-Iraqi
5446:Palestinian
5357:Nile Valley
5019:Pre-Islamic
4731:Dagger alif
4173:Dagger alif
3701:), becomes
2544:The letter
2426:يَبْطُؤُونَ
2394:يَقْرَأُونَ
2218:Alif-maddah
2042:shayʾ
1974:(i) (as in
1952:(u) (as in
1930:(a) (as in
1873:alif maddah
1855:Final hamza
1706:Glyph form:
1633:Glyph form:
1560:Glyph form:
1487:Glyph form:
1414:Glyph form:
1337:Glyph form:
1253:Glyph form:
1184:Glyph form:
1128:Glyph form:
1040:Glyph form:
973:Glyph form:
900:Glyph form:
859:Orthography
833:preposition
709:occurs in:
677:carrying a
600:The hamza (
471:its letters
260:Development
6185:Categories
5869:Literature
5542:Peninsular
5482:Khuzestani
5212:(Mountain)
5132:Australian
5041:Old Arabic
4691:Diacritics
4618:Numerology
4229:2024-04-22
4209:References
3791:" such as
3770:سوبئيديتور
2419:The forms
2368:يَسُوئُونَ
2354:يَسُوءُونَ
2283:يَجِيئُونَ
2144:alif, wāw,
2017:alif, wāw,
1783:) an alif.
942:High Hamza
935:By itself:
845:sun letter
787:اثْنَتَانِ
586:See also:
505:Phoenician
370:Numeration
353:Diacritics
6206:Graphemes
6159:varieties
6151:indicate
6066:Technical
6037:Shahmukhi
5992:Kairouani
5890:Phonology
5669:Khorasani
5659:Bakhtiari
5511:Anatolian
5441:Jordanian
5421:Damascene
5384:Levantine
5296:Hassaniya
5137:Cottenera
5072:Classical
5011:Varieties
4589:Overviews
4284:484549376
4091:DIN 31635
4082:).
4010:āmālü mad
3825:diphthong
3128:condition
3047:طَوْئِيط
3021:طَوْءَاط
3015:طَوْءُوط
3009:طَوْءِيط
2899:طَيْئَاط
2893:طَيْئُوط
2887:طَيْئِيط
2548: (
2535:writers.)
2527:yaqraʾīna
2503:yabdaʾūna
2462:yaqraʾūna
2421:yabṭuʾūna
2387:yaqraʾūna
2299:yashāʾūna
2230:Barron's
2046:"thing").
1822:(ؤ) over
1814:(ئ) over
1692:Isolated
1677:. In the
1619:Isolated
1604:. In the
1546:Isolated
1531:. In the
1473:Isolated
1458:. In the
1400:Isolated
1381:. In the
1323:Isolated
1239:Isolated
1170:Isolated
1114:Isolated
1026:Isolated
1011:(used in
959:Isolated
944:(used in
886:Isolated
869:diacritic
782:ithnatāni
549:Etymology
478:romanized
447:diphthong
137:talk page
89:Consider
66:in German
36: (
6201:Spelling
6170:Category
6022:Nastaliq
6012:Muhaqqaq
6002:Maghrebi
5862:Academic
5802:Bimbashi
5758:Tunisene
5729:Baghdadi
5677:Shirvani
5617:Hadhrami
5575:Bahraini
5526:Baghdadi
5477:Baghdadi
5416:Aleppine
5406:Lebanese
5401:Cilician
5374:Sudanese
5364:Egyptian
5245:Hilalian
5203:Western
5181:Eastern
5178:Village
5157:Żurrieqi
5121:Sicilian
5114:Andalusi
5096:Maghrebi
5065:Literary
4717:(tanwin)
4715:Nunation
4601:Alphabet
4596:Language
4583:language
4541:Archived
4373:Malaysia
4153:Saltillo
4133:See also
4104:use the
4089:such as
3980:⟨
3968:⟨
3956:⟨
3944:⟨
3932:⟨
3920:⟨
3908:⟨
3896:⟨
3884:⟨
3848:bari yeh
3846:or over
3842:or with
3805:⟨
3787:", and "
3729:⟨
3718:⟨
3698:di+ambil
3680:⟨
3672:⟨
3664:⟨
3656:⟨
3618:⟨
3606:⟨
3415:
3409:
3403:
3395:
3389:
3383:
3377:
3371:
3365:
3334:
3328:
3322:
3316:
3310:
3304:
3273:
3267:
3261:
3255:
3249:
3243:
3212:
3206:
3200:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3116:
3114:طَاءَاط
3110:
3108:طَاءُوط
3104:
3102:طَائِيط
3098:
3092:
3086:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3041:طَوْأَط
3037:
3035:طَوْؤُط
3031:
3029:طَوْئِط
3023:
3017:
3011:
3005:
3003:طَوْءَط
2999:
2997:طَوْءُط
2993:
2991:طَوْءِط
2962:
2960:طُوءَاط
2956:
2954:طُوءُوط
2950:
2948:طُوءِيط
2944:
2938:
2932:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2881:طَيْئَط
2877:
2875:طَيْئُط
2871:
2869:طَيْئِط
2840:
2838:طِيئَاط
2834:
2832:طِيئُوط
2828:
2826:طِيئِيط
2822:
2816:
2810:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2623:
2533:al-Kitāb
2511:yajīʾūna
2451:, verb:
2430:, verb:
2398:, verb:
2341:, verb:
2337:yasūʾūna
2308:, verb:
2287:, verb:
2278:yajīʾūna
2272:مَسْئُول
1977:إِسْلَام
1933:أَفْرَاد
1910:nunation
1890:omitted.
1837:āʾa, ūʾa
1736:
1730:
1724:
1718:
1701:Initial
1674:Choṭī hē
1671:Above a
1663:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1628:Initial
1598:Above a
1590:
1584:
1578:
1572:
1555:Initial
1517:
1511:
1505:
1499:
1482:Initial
1444:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1409:Initial
1367:
1361:
1355:
1349:
1332:Initial
1283:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1248:Initial
1222:Above a
1214:
1208:
1202:
1196:
1179:Initial
1158:
1152:
1146:
1140:
1123:Initial
1035:Initial
985:
968:Initial
912:
895:Initial
804:istūdiyū
776:اثْنَانِ
765:امْرَأَة
365:Numerals
306:/ /
302:Help:IPA
237:In
113:provide
6149:Italics
6057:Thuluth
5922:Grammar
5793:pidgins
5788:Creoles
5777:Sanʽani
5662:Bukhara
5622:Sanʽani
5585:Kuwaiti
5580:Emirati
5565:Dhofari
5550:Bahrani
5516:Cypriot
5504:(Qeltu)
5331:Sulaym
5318:Western
5313:Eastern
5191:Sfaxian
5187:(Sahel)
5142:Gozitan
5127:Maltese
4747:Letters
4721:Shaddah
4710:Harakat
4705:Tashkil
4633:Scripts
4606:History
4519:11 July
4493:11 July
4188:Harakat
4074:
4064:
4044:In the
3878:In the
3866:In the
3819:In the
3797:
3795:چندليئر
3772:
3757:
3747:" and "
3713:diambil
3707:
3692:
3690:د+امبيل
3565:In the
3546:
3536:
3505:
3491:
3482:
3473:
3456:
3439:
3422:Colours
3332:طَاءْط
3326:طُوءْط
3320:طِيئْط
3265:طْءُوط
3259:طْئِيط
3096:طَاءَط
3090:طَاؤُط
3084:طَائِط
3053:طَوْآط
2985:ṭawʾāṭ
2942:طُوءَط
2936:طُوءُط
2930:طُوءِط
2863:ṭayʾāṭ
2820:طِيئَط
2814:طِيئُط
2808:طِيئِط
2767:طَؤُوط
2761:طَئِيط
2712:طُؤَاط
2706:طُؤُوط
2700:طُئِيط
2651:طِئَاط
2645:طِئُوط
2639:طِئِيط
2572:second
2456:
2449:
2447:يَؤُوبُ
2438:
2428:
2406:
2396:
2370:
2356:
2349:
2316:
2306:
2295:
2285:
2276:, ; ),
2274:
2204:
2124:
2122:بطِيئَة
2119:(as in
2037:
1996:
1979:
1957:
1935:
1757:Summary
1698:Medial
1625:Medial
1601:Baṛī yē
1552:Medial
1479:Medial
1406:Medial
1383:Persian
1329:Medial
1245:Medial
1176:Medial
1120:Medial
1080:ٴ
1032:Medial
965:Medial
892:Medial
771:ithnāni
760:imra'ah
660:, "the
640:قَطْعَة
624:, "the
513:Aramaic
503:In the
498:Arabizi
488:(ʼ), a
484:('), a
418:هَمْزَة
343:History
294:in the
255:History
244:U+0621
239:Unicode
167:
135:to the
117:in the
5972:Diwani
5959:Script
5917:(case)
5914:ʾIʿrāb
5900:Tajwid
5845:Bongor
5824:Maridi
5774:Habban
5648:Others
5632:Tihami
5612:Yemeni
5607:Shihhi
5592:Hejazi
5560:Bedawi
5555:Bareqi
5411:Syrian
5369:Saʽidi
5301:Nemadi
5287:Maqil
5185:Sahili
5152:Żejtun
5088:spoken
5086:Modern
4581:Arabic
4466:
4441:
4416:
4383:
4282:
4255:
4245:hamaza
4148:ʻOkina
4102:ALA-LC
3763:cemeeh
3755:چميئيه
3705:دأمبيل
3616:) and
3597:, and
3544:رُءُوس
3534:رُؤُوس
3497:
3462:
3445:
3428:
3314:طَأْط
3308:طُؤْط
3302:طِئْط
3253:طْأَط
3247:طْؤُط
3241:طْئِط
3131:vowel
3078:ṭāʾāṭ
2982:ṭawʾūṭ
2979:ṭawʾīṭ
2976:ṭawʾaṭ
2973:ṭawʾuṭ
2970:ṭawʾiṭ
2924:ṭūʾāṭ
2860:ṭayʾūṭ
2857:ṭayʾīṭ
2854:ṭayʾaṭ
2851:ṭayʾuṭ
2848:ṭayʾiṭ
2802:ṭīʾāṭ
2755:طَأَط
2749:طَؤُط
2743:طَئِط
2737:ṭaʾāṭ
2694:طُؤَط
2688:طُؤُط
2682:طُئِط
2676:ṭuʾāṭ
2633:طِئَط
2627:طِئُط
2621:طِئِط
2615:ṭiʾāṭ
2442:yaʾūbu
2436:بَطُؤَ
2432:baṭuʾa
2404:قَرَأَ
2400:qaraʾa
2267:masʾūl
1984:ʾislām
1970:kasrah
1955:أُصُول
1948:ḍammah
1940:ʾafrād
1925:fatḥah
1695:Final
1622:Final
1549:Final
1525:Above
1476:Final
1452:Above
1403:Final
1387:Pashto
1375:Above
1326:Final
1242:Final
1173:Final
1117:Final
1077:
1075:U+0674
1065:(none)
1060:(none)
1055:(none)
1029:Final
999:(none)
994:(none)
989:(none)
962:Final
946:Kazakh
926:(none)
921:(none)
916:(none)
889:Final
865:letter
780:(fem.
758:(fem.
754:امْرُؤ
682:waṣlah
662:hamzah
632:qaṭ‘at
626:hamzah
594:, and
568:هَمَزَ
560:hamaza
509:Hebrew
414:Arabic
310:
6131:Other
6052:Tawqi
6007:Mashq
5997:Kufic
5905:Imāla
5874:Names
5840:Turku
5768:Adeni
5602:Omani
5597:Najdi
5502:North
5492:South
5487:Shawi
5469:Gilit
5433:South
5393:North
5291:Fessi
5210:Jebli
5196:Jijel
5171:Tunis
5166:Urban
5147:Qormi
4756:ʾAlif
4726:Hamza
4698:i‘jām
4408:[
4363:[
4347:(PDF)
4323:(PDF)
4302:(PDF)
4158:Aleph
4085:Some
3836:ezāfe
3737:Malay
3678:, or
3583:Malay
3575:Malay
3571:Malay
3539:ruʾūs
3511:Notes
3393:طَاء
3387:طُوء
3381:طِيء
3339:CV_#
3296:ṭāʾṭ
3278:CV_C
3271:طْآط
3235:ṭʾāṭ
3217:C_VC
3204:أُوط
3198:إِيط
3156:#_VC
3075:ṭāʾūṭ
3072:ṭāʾīṭ
3069:ṭāʾaṭ
3066:ṭāʾuṭ
3063:ṭāʾiṭ
2967:ṭawʾ
2921:ṭūʾūṭ
2918:ṭūʾīṭ
2915:ṭūʾaṭ
2912:ṭūʾuṭ
2909:ṭūʾiṭ
2845:ṭayʾ
2799:ṭīʾūṭ
2796:ṭīʾīṭ
2793:ṭīʾaṭ
2790:ṭīʾuṭ
2787:ṭīʾiṭ
2773:طَآط
2734:ṭaʾūṭ
2731:ṭaʾīṭ
2728:ṭaʾaṭ
2725:ṭaʾuṭ
2722:ṭaʾiṭ
2673:ṭuʾūṭ
2670:ṭuʾīṭ
2667:ṭuʾaṭ
2664:ṭuʾuṭ
2661:ṭuʾiṭ
2612:ṭiʾūṭ
2609:ṭiʾīṭ
2606:ṭiʾaṭ
2603:ṭiʾuṭ
2600:ṭiʾiṭ
2569:first
2347:سَاءَ
2314:شَاءَ
2310:shāʾa
2293:جَاءَ
2202:مِئَة
2195:miʾah
2183:over
2035:شَيْء
2001:ʾākul
1962:ʾuṣūl
1944:) or
1013:Malay
749:imru'
697:Quran
687:sign
588:Wasla
554:Hamza
480:as a
451:vowel
423:hamza
410:hamza
358:Hamza
298:(IPA)
276:Other
207:Abjad
188:Usage
164:همزة
160:Hamza
80:DeepL
6027:Rasm
5830:Nubi
5818:Juba
5791:and
5771:Beda
5743:Wqal
5740:Kjal
5570:Gulf
4918:Ġayn
4909:ʿAyn
4521:2024
4495:2024
4464:ISBN
4439:ISBN
4414:ISBN
4381:ISBN
4280:OCLC
4253:ISBN
4141:and
4004:The
3821:Urdu
3783:", "
3779:", "
3633:alif
3466:alif
3413:طَء
3407:طُء
3401:طِء
3375:طَأ
3369:طُؤ
3363:طِئ
3357:ṭāʾ
3293:ṭūʾṭ
3290:ṭīʾṭ
3287:ṭaʾṭ
3284:ṭuʾṭ
3281:ṭiʾṭ
3232:ṭʾūṭ
3229:ṭʾīṭ
3226:ṭʾaṭ
3223:ṭʾuṭ
3220:ṭʾiṭ
3192:أَط
3186:أُط
3180:إِط
3174:ʾāṭ
3060:ṭāʾ
2906:ṭūʾ
2784:ṭīʾ
2719:ṭaʾ
2658:ṭuʾ
2597:ṭiʾ
2592:ʾāṭ
2557:Note
2343:sā'a
2289:jāʾa
1994:آكُل
1845:awʾa
1841:and
1710:Help
1637:Help
1564:Help
1491:Help
1436:ـهٔـ
1418:Help
1385:and
1341:Help
1257:Help
1188:Help
1132:Help
1100:Alif
1044:Help
977:Help
904:Help
743:ابْن
732:اسْم
675:alif
527:Alif
518:alif
511:and
456:ʿAyn
408:The
203:Type
111:must
109:You
39:‘ayn
6115:864
6110:720
6106:711
6103:710
6100:709
6096:708
5939:IPA
4999:Yāʾ
4990:Wāw
4981:Hāʾ
4972:Nūn
4963:Mīm
4954:Lām
4945:Kāf
4936:Qāf
4927:Fāʾ
4900:Ẓāʾ
4891:Ṭāʾ
4882:Ḍād
4873:Ṣād
4864:Šīn
4855:Sīn
4846:Zāy
4837:Rāʾ
4828:Ḏāl
4819:Dāl
4810:Ḫāʾ
4801:Ḥāʾ
4792:Ǧīm
4783:Ṯāʾ
4774:Tāʾ
4765:Bāʾ
4375:):
4124:in
4032:.
4022:sāȳ
3990:).
3978:),
3966:),
3954:),
3918:),
3906:),
3894:),
3855:waw
3840:yeh
3614:-an
3529:wāw
3449:wāw
3432:yāʾ
3354:ṭūʾ
3351:ṭīʾ
3348:ṭaʾ
3345:ṭuʾ
3342:ṭiʾ
3210:آط
3171:ʾūṭ
3168:ʾīṭ
3165:ʾaṭ
3162:ʾuṭ
3159:ʾiṭ
2589:ʾūṭ
2586:ʾīṭ
2583:ʾaṭ
2580:ʾuṭ
2577:ʾiṭ
2519:yāʾ
2489:wāw
2454:آبَ
2412:yāʾ
2376:wāw
2362:yāʾ
2329:ūʾū
2261:wāw
2238:ūʾū
2210:yāʾ
2191:so
2152:yāʾ
2148:or
2114:yāʾ
2106:yāʾ
2098:yāʾ
2088:wāw
2085:or
2081:yāʾ
2069:or
2061:If
2025:yāʾ
2021:or
1904:-an
1798:or
1780:ʾi-
1774:ʾu-
1771:or
1768:ʾa-
1728:ـۂـ
1528:Rāʾ
1509:ـځـ
1455:Ḥāʾ
1442:هٔـ
1430:ـهٔ
1378:Hāʾ
1359:ـئـ
1294:Yāʾ
1225:Wāw
853:lām
847:, -
841:al-
769:),
738:ibn
727:ism
718:al-
427:) (
82:or
68:.
6187::
5957:·
4511:.
4485:.
4325:.
4310:^
4028:ɨː
4016:əː
4001:اٟ
3844:he
3739::
3670:,
3626:-i
3599:oi
3595:au
3593:,
3591:ai
3577::
3520:^
3513::
3503:ء
3489:إ
3485:,
3480:آ
3476:,
3471:أ
3454:ؤ
3437:ئ
3424::
3151:ā
2546:ط
2481:ʾū
2175:,
2156:).
1826:a-
1818:u-
1810:i-
1801:ay
1795:aw
1734:ۂـ
1722:ـۂ
1712:)
1655:ـۓ
1649:ـۓ
1639:)
1582:ـݬ
1576:ـݬ
1566:)
1515:ځـ
1503:ـځ
1493:)
1424:هٔ
1420:)
1365:ئـ
1353:ـئ
1343:)
1275:ـؤ
1269:ـؤ
1259:)
1206:ـإ
1200:ـإ
1190:)
1150:ـأ
1144:ـأ
1134:)
1046:)
979:)
906:)
871::
849:l-
819:,
747:,
736:,
590:,
537:aː
523:𐤀
507:,
449:,
416::
4573:e
4566:t
4559:v
4523:.
4497:.
4447:.
4422:.
4404:ء
4389:.
4371:(
4329:.
4286:.
4261:.
4232:.
4143:ʾ
4139:ʼ
4128:.
4121:2
4115:.
4113:’
4109:ʼ
4098:ʾ
4079:ع
4072:`
4062:'
4054:ʔ
4030:/
4026:/
4018:/
4014:/
3998:ٲ
3988:q
3986:(
3982:ق
3976:k
3974:(
3970:ك
3964:ğ
3962:(
3958:غ
3952:g
3950:(
3946:گ
3940:e
3938:(
3934:ە
3928:ü
3926:(
3922:ٷ
3916:ö
3914:(
3910:ٶ
3904:ı
3902:(
3898:ٸ
3892:ä
3890:(
3886:ٵ
3807:ؤ
3789:u
3785:o
3781:é
3777:i
3760:(
3749:é
3745:i
3731:ئ
3720:إ
3710:(
3695:(
3682:س
3674:د
3666:ک
3658:أ
3628:)
3624:(
3620:ي
3612:(
3608:ن
3148:ū
3145:ī
3142:a
3139:u
3136:i
2550:ṭ
2522:,
2444:(
2423:(
2415:.
2391:(
2333:(
2301:(
2280:(
2269:(
2253:ū
2213:.
2187:a
2179:u
2171:u
2163:i
2126:)
2117:.
2073:u
2065:i
1895:ā
1875:.
1716:ۂ
1708:(
1661:ۓ
1643:ۓ
1635:(
1588:ݬ
1570:ݬ
1562:(
1497:ځ
1489:(
1416:(
1347:ئ
1339:(
1281:ؤ
1263:ؤ
1255:(
1228::
1212:إ
1194:إ
1186:(
1156:أ
1138:أ
1130:(
1103::
1050:ء
1042:(
983:ٴ
975:(
910:ء
902:(
791:)
705:ٱ
691:ٱ
652:(
636:(
616:(
604:ء
582:)
579:ٱ
564:(
539:/
535:/
531:ا
529:(
521:(
462:ع
459:(
430:ء
412:(
397:e
390:t
383:v
316:.
267:ء
231:/
229:ʔ
227:/
173:ء
146:.
139:.
33:ع
27:.
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