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filled with surprising asymmetries. There is a youthful challenge in Mr. Shapero's tribute, as if he were saying, "Take that, Beethoven!" It's the same quality that you hear in early
Beethoven: "I'll show you, my revered teacher Haydn, how to write a piano sonata." Or that you see in early Picasso: "Take that, CĂ©zanne!"
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Mr. Shapero, however, fractures the
Classical models while paying homage. The piece is essentially tonal, with the outer movements hewing to B flat; but the harmonic language contains elements of polytonality, and the music is spiky with dissonance, rhythmically shifty and utterly fresh. Phrases are
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As in the
Beethoven, the first of its four movements opens with an Adagio that shimmers with flickering colors and sustained harmonies, leading to a long, bustling, contrapuntal Allegro. The second movement is a wistfully lyrical yet rhythmically restless Adagietto; then comes a misbehaving Scherzo,
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His output fell off by the 1960s as his neo-classical style met increasing resistance, especially in academic music circles. He told an interviewer in 1986 that "Comfortable university life is a disaster, especially if you have a university that doesn’t pressure you to produce or perish. And I had a
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wrote of a 1986 performance of the
Symphony that "Shapero reveals himself here as a superb craftsman, an artist totally in control of the grandiose variables at hand." He called the writing "clever, subtle, elegant" and added that the symphony "isn't affecting in spite of the inherent anachronisms,
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interviewer that he was unaware while composing it of how lengthy it had become, that he "had wildly miscalculated my materials. When I measured out the slow movement, I was shocked. It was 15 minutes. I stopped working for a month. Then I tried to cut the thing. But it fought me and won. Slowly I
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Aaron
Copland thought highly of Shapero's technical skill and the spontaneity of musical inspiration. Once, after being impressed with Shapero's Woodwind Quintet, he teased Leonard Bernstein, who was two years ahead of Shapero at Harvard with a note: "Look to your laurels! There may be another
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The models for Mr. Shapero, in this work and in general, were
Stravinsky, who was then in his prolonged Neo-Classical period, and Beethoven, who remains Mr. Shapero's hero. Indeed, the Symphony for Classical Orchestra is in some ways a soul mate of Beethoven's Seventh Symphony, which it slyly
375:. The instrumentation is largely classical with a few modern additions: woodwinds in pairs, plus piccolo and contrabassoon, pairs of horns and trumpets, three trombones, three timpani, and the standard complement of strings.
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When awarded his second
Fulbright Fellowship in 1961, Shapero took the opportunity to travel to Europe with his family for a year. In 1971 he returned to Europe to be composer-in-residence at the American Academy in Rome.
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wrote: "The new
Shapero work is in one movement, lasts about eight and a half minutes, ... a quiet and sensitive mood piece, harmonically rather conservative (a Copland type of conservatism, with strong echoes of
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hired
Shapero and he later became chairman of the department and founder of its electronic music studio with the day's most advanced synthesizers. He taught at Brandeis for 37 years. His notable students include
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article, he wrote: "Stylistically, Shapero seems to feel a compulsion to fashion his music after some great model. Thus, his ... Serenade ... is founded upon neoclassical
Stravinskian principles, his three
1059:
Kim, Ye-Ree. 2006. "The Impact of Stravinsky's Serial Conversion on Composers of the 'American Stravinsky School': An Examination of Selected Works for Piano". DMA diss. New York: City University of New
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While Shapero uses some modern notation in his scores, he employs only procedures that have already been established by other modern composers or that are derived from traditional notation.
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In 1988, Shapero was forced to retire from Brandeis University. Encouraged by André Previn's interest in his work in the late 1980s, Shapero returned to composition. His late works included
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Shapero's output was prolific in the 1940s and included three piano sonatas, the Sonata for Violin and Piano, and a variety of songs and works for chamber ensembles. His major work was the
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young child. I like home handicrafts and hobbies. I like gardening. I like photography. So it was only too easy to put off some of those hard operations like writing music".
49:. He learned to play the piano as a child, and for some years was a pianist in dance orchestras. With a friend, he founded the Hal Kenny Orchestra, a swing-era jazz band.
1056:
Follingstad, Karen Joy. 1989. "The Three Sonatas of Harold Shapero: Historical, Stylistic, and Performance Analysis". DMA diss. Austin: The University of Texas at Austin.
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at the Longy School of Music in 1942–43. While studying with her, Shapero was also in contact with Stravinsky, who was helpful in his critiques of Shapero's music.
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329: with: more detail, to achieve better balance with the preceding section. (Considering that this short section covers more than 50 years.). You can help by
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of US$ 1200 for a Symphony for String Orchestra. Leonard Bernstein "fell in love" with the Symphony for Classical Orchestra and led its premiere with the
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on February 13, 1946. The prize also included publication of the score with royalties and US$ 1000. It was the first time Shapero had a score published.
184:. In 1946 he won the second annual George Gershwin Memorial Contest for his Serenade in D, which included a performance of one movement from the work at
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95:. Shapero hoped to get the Overture played at Tanglewood that summer, but Hindemith ordered that no student compositions would be played that season.
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became aware, with horror, of what I was writing: a long and difficult symphony. I thought I'd never get it performed". In 1946 Shapero won the
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is modeled after Beethoven.... e seems to be suffering from a hero-worship complex—or perhaps it is a freakish attack of false modesty".
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814:"The New 'School' of American Composers: Young Men Now Maturing, Says Aaron Copland, Are Making Striking Contributions to Our Music"
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304:), but unmistakably of this generation. Mr. Shapero orchestrates beautifully; some of his combinations are very effective".
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hastily put together an orchestra to play student compositions, including Shapero's Overture. Shapero was awarded the
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Shapero died in a nursing home in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on May 17, 2013, following complications from pneumonia.
1066:. 1992. "A Midcentury Masterwork, Harold Shapero's Symphony for Classical Orchestra". Chapter 8 in Howard Pollack,
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for Mixed Chorus, Soprano, Alto, Tenor and Baritone Soloists and Flute, Trumpet, Viola, Harp and Organ (1965?)
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in a "Stravinsky school" of American composers—a phrase first coined by Copland. He was also grouped in the "
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His daughter, Hannah Shapero, was born in 1953. She became a commercial artist and electronic musician.
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837:, Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1960 (unaltered reprint New York: Da Capo Press, 1976): 164–175.
653:"Harvard Senior Wins Rome Music Award: Harold Shapero Gets $ 1,000 as War Prevents Study at Academy"
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to positive reviews. Previn recorded the work and played it several times with other orchestras.
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165:. Bernstein recorded the work in 1953, but it was largely forgotten until revived in 1986 by
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1091:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1952. (Accessed May 24, 2013).
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Serenade in D for String Quintet, arrangement of Serenade in D for String Orchestra (1998)
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876:"Harold Samuel Shapero, 1946—US & Canada Competition/Creative Arts—Music Composition"
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and Paine Fellowships. After graduating in 1941, Shapero undertook further studies with
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He was more interested in classical music. In his teens some of his teachers included
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791:"Wins $ 1,000 Music Prize; Harold Shapero's 'Serenate in D' Tops Gershwin Contest".
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When Bernstein and the New York Philharmonic played the local premiere of Shapero's
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This article is about the American composer. For the mathematics professor, see
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In the 1940s Shapero was closely associated with fellow Piston students
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was Norton Professor at Harvard in 1940, Shapero showed Stravinsky his
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176:. Throughout the rest of the decade they were often residents at the
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which hurtles toward the imposingly structured but spirited Finale.
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765:"Harold Shapero, Neo-Classical Composer at Brandeis, Dies at 93"
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1047:. 2013. "Harold Shapero at Brandeis: in memoriam (1920–2013)".
1024:(December 6, 1986). "A Belated Premiere for Shapero". Part VI.
140:, a 45-minute work in four movements. Decades later, he told a
33:(April 29, 1920 – May 17, 2013) was an American composer.
852:
Defining Russia Musically: Historical and Hermeneutical Essays
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591:"Harold Shapero, American Neo-Classical Composer, Dies at 93"
45:, on April 29, 1920. He and his family later moved to nearby
489:"Woodrow Wilson" Music for the television documentary (1959)
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in March. Reviews were mixed. It received an award from the
878:. John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Archived from
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in 1958, a work commissioned by the Louisville Orchestra,
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Three Hebrew Songs for Tenor, Piano & Strings (1988)
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Three Hebrew Songs for Tenor, Piano and String Orchestra
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prevented him from taking advantage of the residency in
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854:. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 457.
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for soprano, tenor, flute, cello & piano (2005–07)
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1068:Harvard Composers: Walter Piston and His Students
492:Partita in C for Piano and Small Orchestra (1960)
966:"Fellows—Affiliated Fellows—Residents 1970–1989"
902:"Fellows—Affiliated Fellows—Residents 1950–1969"
545:. London and New York: Oxford University Press.
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637:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
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474:"The Traveler" Overture rev. as Sinfonia (1948)
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203:on Haydnesque principles, and his recent long
192:composer in your neighborhood!" But in a 1948
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504:"In the Family" for Trombone and Flute (1991)
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688:"Harold Shapero Wins Music Prize of $ 1,200"
486:"On Green Mountain" for Jazz Ensemble (1957)
379:called it "the greatest American symphony".
1073:Shapero, Harold. 1946. "The Musical Mind".
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87:following its founding in the 1940s. When
80:at the Berkshire Music Center in 1940–41.
462:Serenade in D for String Orchestra (1945)
83:Shapero was one of the first students at
1070:. Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press.
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626:(2001). "Shapero, Harold (Samuel)". In
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357:(1989) and, not long before his death,
1354:Deaths from pneumonia in Massachusetts
1314:Classical musicians from Massachusetts
937:"Philharmonic Plays Shapero's 'Credo'"
507:"Six for Five" for Wind Quintet (1995)
465:Variations in C minor for Piano (1947)
733:"A Work Twice Lost, Now Twice Found?"
245:in 1946. He won the first of his two
172:In 1945, Shapero married the painter
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1329:Musicians from Newton, Massachusetts
1299:21st-century American male musicians
1284:20th-century American male musicians
58:Biographical Dictionary of Musicians
1324:Jewish American classical composers
450:Sonata for Piano, Four Hands (1941)
23:. For the economics professor, see
1334:Musicians from Lynn, Massachusetts
640:(2nd ed.). London: Macmillan.
14:
1309:American male classical composers
1081:The Creative Process: A Symposium
107:, which included a $ 1000 award.
1289:21st-century classical composers
1274:20th-century classical composers
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469:Symphony for Classical Orchestra
373:Symphony for Classical Orchestra
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137:Symphony for Classical Orchestra
1294:21st-century American composers
1279:20th-century American composers
435:for baritone & piano (1938)
68:, where he became friends with
995:Bowles, Jerry (May 18, 2013).
543:The Oxford Dictionary of Music
477:Piano Sonata in F Minor (1948)
76:in 1938. He also studied with
1:
1116:Interview with Harold Shapero
72:and studied composition with
1304:American classical composers
1053:51, no. 2 (Summer): 242–244.
997:"Harold Shapero, Dead at 93"
222:" along with Arthur Berger,
820:The New York Times Magazine
182:Peterborough, New Hampshire
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1349:21st-century American Jews
763:Ng, David (May 23, 2013).
64:in 1937. At 18 he entered
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1319:Harvard University alumni
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1050:Perspectives of New Music
151:Boston Symphony Orchestra
1339:Pupils of Paul Hindemith
970:American Academy in Rome
906:American Academy in Rome
262:American Academy in Rome
1344:Pupils of Walter Piston
1079:23:31–35. Reprinted in
510:Trumpet Concerto (1995)
359:24 Bagatelles for Piano
163:Koussevitsky Foundation
118:At Harvard he held the
413:but because of them".
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147:Joseph H. Bearns Prize
730:(February 21, 1999).
457:Three Amateur Sonatas
447:String Quartet (1941)
438:Trumpet Sonata (1940)
247:Fulbright Fellowships
243:Guggenheim Fellowship
201:Amateur Piano Sonatas
31:Harold Samuel Shapero
25:Harold Tafler Shapiro
934:(January 27, 1958).
932:Schonberg, Harold C.
797:. February 13, 1946.
483:for Orchestra (1955)
453:Violin Sonata (1942)
442:Nine-Minute Overture
115:the prize provided.
105:Nine-Minute Overture
93:Nine-Minute Overture
41:Shapero was born in
976:on January 18, 2017
266:Brandeis University
159:Cleveland Orchestra
56:(editor of Baker's
43:Lynn, Massachusetts
1022:Bernheimer, Martin
943:The New York Times
811:(March 14, 1948).
794:The New York Times
739:The New York Times
728:Tommasini, Anthony
696:The New York Times
662:The New York Times
597:The New York Times
586:Tommasini, Anthony
426:String Trio (1937)
383:has described it:
264:. That same year,
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1194:Leonard Bernstein
1118:, August 31, 1988
1085:Brewster Ghiselin
1027:Los Angeles Times
848:Taruskin, Richard
770:Los Angeles Times
410:Martin Bernheimer
405:Los Angeles Times
381:Anthony Tommasini
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256:In 1951 he was a
153:in January 1948.
70:Leonard Bernstein
54:Nicolas Slonimsky
21:Harold S. Shapiro
16:American composer
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699:. May 17, 1946
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665:. June 9, 1941
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1076:Modern Music
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1000:
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974:the original
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109:World War II
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62:Ernst Krenek
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1269:2013 deaths
1264:1920 births
1199:Ingolf Dahl
1169:Irving Fine
308:Later years
228:Irving Fine
216:Irving Fine
37:Early years
1258:Categories
1174:Lukas Foss
525:References
271:John Adams
224:Lukas Foss
101:Rome Prize
85:Tanglewood
1236:Biography
377:Alan Rich
338:July 2021
249:in 1948.
241:He won a
205:Symphony
850:(1997).
634:(eds.).
541:(2006).
368:Analyses
302:Our Town
120:Naumberg
1222:Portals
1006:May 24,
980:May 24,
950:May 25,
916:May 24,
886:May 24,
827:May 25,
776:May 24,
745:May 24,
703:May 24,
669:May 24,
603:May 24,
402:In the
388:quotes.
260:of the
66:Harvard
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471:(1947)
459:(1944)
444:(1940)
281:, and
258:fellow
234:, and
47:Newton
1089:41–45
1060:York.
691:(PDF)
657:(PDF)
481:Credo
293:Credo
113:Italy
1106:IMDb
1008:2013
982:2013
952:2013
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888:2013
856:ISBN
829:2013
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547:ISBN
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