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179:, he gave his view of the modern SF story: "the fairy tale brand, the weird or fantastic type of what mistakenly masquerades under the name of Science-Fiction today!" and he stated his preference for "truly scientific, prophetic Science-Fiction with the full accent on SCIENCE". In the same editorial, Gernsback called for
214:
accurate, logical, credible and rigorous in its use of current scientific and technical knowledge about which technology, phenomena, scenarios and situations that are practically or theoretically possible. For example, the development of concrete proposals for spaceships, space stations, space missions, and a
213:
The heart of the "hard science fiction" designation is the relationship of the science content and attitude to the rest of the narrative, and (for some readers, at least) the "hardness" or rigor of the science itself. One requirement for hard SF is procedural or intentional: a story should try to be
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There is a degree of flexibility in how far from "real science" a story can stray before it leaves the realm of hard SF. Hard science fiction authors only include more controversial devices when the ideas draw from well-known scientific and mathematical principles. In contrast, authors writing
3517:
2094:
The novel 'The
Invincible' can certainly be classed as one of Stanislaw Lem's most important works. It is also a rather special novel in his oeuvre - falling into the hard science fiction genre, where there is a strong emphasis on science and technology
147:
in 1870, among other stories. The attention to detail in Verne's work became an inspiration for many future scientists and explorers, although Verne himself denied writing as a scientist or seriously predicting machines and technology of the future.
165:
is generally considered to have started in the late 1930s and lasted until the mid-1940s, bringing with it "a quantum jump in quality, perhaps the greatest in the history of the genre", according to science fiction historians
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believed from the beginning of his involvement with science fiction in the 1920s that the stories should be instructive, although it was not long before he found it necessary to print fantastical and unscientific fiction in
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to attract readers. During
Gernsback's long absence from science fiction (SF) publishing, from 1936 to 1953, the field evolved away from his focus on facts and education. The
218:
in the 1950s and 1960s influenced a widespread proliferation of "hard" space stories. Later discoveries do not necessarily invalidate the label of hard SF, as evidenced by
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hard SF, and the designation remains valid even though a crucial plot element, the existence of deep pockets of "moondust" in lunar craters, is now known to be incorrect.
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Reynolds and his team worked tirelessly to imbue every inch of their game with the cool, atmospheric melancholy so dear to hard sci-fi.
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use such devices without a scientific basis (sometimes referred to as "enabling devices", since they allow the story to take place).
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90:) sciences, first appeared in the late 1970s. Though there are examples generally considered as "hard" science fiction such as
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Stories revolving around scientific and technical consistency were written as early as the 1870s with the publication of
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936:
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1671:
Westfahl, G. (July 1993). "'The
Closely Reasoned Technological Story': The Critical History of Hard Science Fiction".
1652:
Westfahl, Gary (July 1993). "The
Closely Reasoned Technological Story: The Critical History of Hard Science Fiction".
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2743:
Cosmic
Engineers: A Study of Hard Science Fiction (Contributions to the Study of Science Fiction and Fantasy)
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the topsoil would have slid into the seas in a few thousand years. Niven fixed these errors in his sequel
102:
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113:, they are approximate ways of characterizing stories that reviewers and commentators have found useful.
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taken for the sake of practicality of effect. Such considerations to be made when shooting may include:
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58:
characterized by concern for scientific accuracy and logic. The term was first used in print in 1957 by
3522:
2079:"The Book Institute has supported the Portuguese translation of Stanislaw Lem's novel "Niezwyciężony""
1864:"Science Fiction versus HARD Science Fiction – The real science behind the Twelve Tomorrows Anthology"
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130:
79:
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1222:
The short story "Surface
Tension" has also been described as an exemplar of soft science fiction. (
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257:
228:
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110:
59:
1231:
1225:
857:
2273:"Modern Hard SF: Simulating Physics in Virtual Reality in Cixin Liu's "The Three-Body Problem""
1224:
McGuirk, Carol (1992). "The 'New' Romancers". In
Slusser, George Edgar; Shippey, T. A. (eds.).
325:
261:
would have had a sharp edge at the equator, and a
Florida high school class calculated that in
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2013:
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68:
63:
23:
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1848:
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554:
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482:
408:
339:
201:
157:
83:
55:
1475:
Clayton, David (1986). "What Makes Hard
Science Fiction "Hard"?". In Seiters, Dan (ed.).
760:
2193:
243:
Readers of "hard SF" often try to find inaccuracies in stories. For example, a group at
4347:
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151:
87:
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125:
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34:
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3617:
3537:
3477:
3452:
3389:
2456:"Unveiling the top 10 hard Sci-Fi movies: From '2001: A Space Odyssey' to Sunshine"
2288:
1348:
Critical terms for science fiction and fantasy: a glossary and guide to scholarship
1194:
1117:
968:
840:
799:
508:
486:
343:
196:
188:
91:
394:
173:
However, Gernsback's views were unchanged. In his editorial in the first issue of
2214:
1418:
1346:
1316:
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3668:
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3542:
3527:
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2152:, admitting that "I couldn't have written it; it required too much real physics"
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1394:
Earliest cite: P. Schuyler Miller in
Astounding Science Fiction ... he called
1024:
783:
573:
549:
452:
191:
because many of their ideas predated the technical progress needed to develop
2296:
2238:
3843:
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3112:
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2131:
976:
888:
876:
852:
686:
492:
334:
267:
30:
2846:"Low-Level Science fiction: Sci-fi with hard science and a literary slant"
2809:
Science Fiction Stories with Good Astronomy & Physics: A Topical Index
4113:
3255:
3181:
2997:
2823:
by David G. Hartwell & Kathryn Cramer. Story notes and introductions.
1444:
1382:
1109:
1093:
733:
698:
382:
278:
39:
2498:"9 Surprisingly Accurate Hard Sci-Fi Movies That You Can Stream Tonight"
2400:"Contemplate Your Place in the Universe with Hard Sci-Fi Film Classics!"
4312:
4007:
3171:
2572:
2479:
1684:
992:
248:
19:
3051:
2589:"Hideo Kojima Reflects On The Policenauts Sequel That Never Happened"
2442:"23 Best Hard Science Fiction Books – The Best Science Fiction Books"
2336:"Alone on a Spaceship, Trying to Save the World - The New York Times"
2127:"The Humans Were Flat but the Cheela Were Charming in 'Dragon's Egg'"
2108:"Top 25 Best Hard Science Fiction Books | Best Science Fiction Books"
2311:"The Martian by Andy Weir: Superb Hard Science Fiction Storytelling"
82:, formed by analogy to the popular distinction between the "hard" (
3134:
3007:
2861:
324:
120:
29:
18:
2865:
1628:"Modes of Extrapolation: The Formulas of Hard Science Fiction"
1417:(2003). "Introduction: New People, New Places, New Politics".
1315:
Nicholls, Peter (1995). Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter (eds.).
306:
Whether telecommunications are instant or are limited by the
26:, one of the most significant writers of hard science fiction
387:
Carbide-Tipped Pens: Seventeen Tales of Hard Science Fiction
2714:
The Ascent of Wonder: The Evolution of Hard Science Fiction
2215:"Georgia on My Mind, and Other Places by Charles Sheffield"
2047:"Running Out of Speculative Niches: A Crisis for Hard SF?"
195:
for their ideas. The introduction referenced the numerous
1303:... the term was first used by P. Schuyler Miller in 1957
2366:"In Memories with Maya, human sexuality gets an upgrade"
2475:"How Real Scientists Shaped the Story of Europa Report"
1955:"Is There a Technological Fix for the Human Condition?"
1912:"Hard-Core Science Fiction and the Illusion of Science"
303:
How the film depicts sound despite the vacuum of space.
1751:. New York: Published by Tom Doherty Associates, Inc.
1479:. Southern Illinois University Press. pp. 58–69.
2513:"15 Greatest Hard Science Fiction Movies Of All Time"
1462:, probably a back-formation from Hard Science Fiction
288:
that aspire to the hard SF label try to minimize the
187:
the right to create patents for ideas without having
109:
argues that while neither term is part of a rigorous
2727:
Kathryn Cramer's chapter on hard science fiction in
16:
Science fiction with concern for scientific accuracy
4300:
4280:
4213:
4127:
4096:
4000:
3915:
3872:
3863:
3799:
3778:
3742:
3697:
3690:
3641:
3398:
3377:
3370:
3264:
3204:
3150:
2964:
2899:
2827:
The Ten Best Hard Science Fiction Books of all Time
1791:
1745:Hartwell, David G.; Cramer, Kathryn, eds. (1994).
1277:
2789:David N. Samuelson, "Hard SF", pp. 194–200,
2277:Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature
1280:Cosmic Engineers: A Study of Hard Science Fiction
2492:
2490:
2053:. Southern Illinois University Press. pp.
2012:. Southern Illinois University Press. pp.
1961:. Southern Illinois University Press. pp.
1918:. Southern Illinois University Press. pp.
1885:. Southern Illinois University Press. pp.
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1583:Nicholls, Peter; Ashley, Mike (April 9, 2015).
128:'s cover for the last issue (December 1953) of
1748:The Ascent of Wonder: The Evolution of Hard SF
1498:
1496:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1262:
369:The Ascent of Wonder: The Evolution of Hard SF
350:Arranged chronologically by publication year.
2877:
2542:Stray Dog of Anime: The Films of Mamoru Oshii
375:David G. Hartwell and Kathryn Cramer (eds.),
8:
1700:"MIND MELD: The Tricky Trope of Time Travel"
1370:
1368:
3869:
3694:
3374:
3208:
2968:
2884:
2870:
2862:
2791:The Routledge Companion to Science Fiction
2394:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2386:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1381:. Jesse's word. 2005-07-25. Archived from
2804:Hard Science Fiction Exclusive Interviews
2710:David G. Hartwell, "Hard Science Fiction"
1879:"What Makes Hard Science Fiction "Hard"?"
1514:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 195–8.
316:Outer space in soft science fiction films
2148:Some editions also include a preface by
1230:. University of Georgia Press. pp.
2700:On Hard Science Fiction: A Bibliography
2037:
2035:
2033:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1258:
1215:
3628:Writers and Illustrators of the Future
2534:
2532:
1844:
1833:
144:Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas
2640:Cachinero-Gorman, Alex (4 May 2017).
2628:PROS: Wonderful "hard" sci-fi setting
2614:"Review - Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri"
2252:Jon Courtenay Grimwood (2005-11-05).
2006:"The Readers of Hard Science Fiction"
1569:
1567:
1420:The Hard SF Renaissance: An Anthology
377:The Hard SF Renaissance: An Anthology
7:
835:Georgia on My Mind, and Other Places
657:Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
2856:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
2836:, selected by the editors of MIT's
2673:"Terra Invicta Early Access Review"
2566:Ashford, Sage (November 25, 2019).
2473:Woerner, Meredith (June 28, 2013).
2419:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
1590:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
1318:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
2568:"10 Best Sci-Fi Anime Of All Time"
2364:Prisco, Giulio (August 20, 2013).
1822:. Kirkus Reviews. October 15, 2014
199:technologies described throughout
14:
2188:Horton, Richard R. (1997-02-21).
1626:Samuelson, David N. (July 1993).
417:collection of stories (1939–1962)
4401:
4392:
4391:
2976:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic
2587:McFerran, Damien (2023-01-13).
2334:Nevala-Lee, Alec (2021-05-05).
1862:Bijman, M. (February 2, 2019).
4353:Science and technology studies
2771:The Science in Science Fiction
2414:"Colossus, the Forbin Project"
2289:10.17951/lsmll.2022.46.3.57-66
2271:Steiner, Philip (2022-10-31).
2085:. Instytut KsiÄ…ĹĽki. 2024-01-05
1698:Chiang, Ted (April 15, 2009).
1512:A Companion to Science Fiction
1:
2740:Westfahl, Gary (1996-02-28).
2729:The Cambridge Companion to SF
1820:"Review, Carbide-Tipped Pens"
1613:"Science Fiction Plus v01n01"
163:Golden Age of Science Fiction
2511:Dilks, Andrew (2018-11-16).
2162:Alyott, Chris (2000-06-20).
1134:Space Brothers/Uchuu Kyoudai
945:Colossus: The Forbin Project
846:The Tranquillity Alternative
3897:Space stations and habitats
2671:Bolding, Jon (2022-09-26).
2166:. SPACE.com. Archived from
1573:Lawler (1985), pp. 541–545.
1284:. Greenwood Press. p.
882:Remembrance of Earth's Past
513:Fast Times at Fairmont High
4467:
4439:History of science fiction
2702:, originally published in
2612:Carter, Tim (April 1999).
1450:. Jesse's word. 2005-07-25
1423:. Tom Doherty Associates.
1165:Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri
313:
296:How the film accounts for
247:concluded that the planet
75:Astounding Science Fiction
4386:
4343:Museum of Science Fiction
4288:Christian science fiction
4252:Self-replicating machines
3211:
2971:
2761:A Political History of SF
2049:. In Seiters, Dan (ed.).
2008:. In Seiters, Dan (ed.).
1957:. In Seiters, Dan (ed.).
1914:. In Seiters, Dan (ed.).
1910:Huntington, John (1986).
1881:. In Seiters, Dan (ed.).
1679:(2). SF-TH Inc: 157–175.
1448:Science fiction citations
1445:"soft science fiction n."
1379:Science fiction citations
1376:"hard science fiction n."
1137:(2007–present, 2012–2014)
750:The Two Faces of Tomorrow
414:The Past Through Tomorrow
105:, science fiction critic
78:. The complementary term
72:in the November issue of
2545:. Springer. p. 77.
2219:www.publishersweekly.com
1510:. In Seed, David (ed.).
1321:. St. Martin's Griffin.
1276:(1996). "Introduction".
591:A Canticle for Leibowitz
277:, and noted them in the
4221:Artificial intelligence
4119:Simulated consciousness
2704:Science Fiction Studies
2164:"The Vanishing Martian"
1877:Clayton, David (1986).
1843:Cite magazine requires
1794:The Hard SF Renaissance
1673:Science Fiction Studies
1654:Science Fiction Studies
1632:Science Fiction Studies
1205:Mundane science fiction
1200:Hypothetical technology
274:The Ringworld Engineers
185:science fiction authors
4444:Science fiction genres
4373:Technology and society
3241:Science Fiction Museum
1561:Ashley (2004), p. 252.
1534:Ashley (2005), p. 381.
1508:"Hard Science Fiction"
1398:"hard" science fiction
764:(1980) and its sequel
385:and Eric Choi (eds.),
347:
134:
103:mathematical sociology
48:
27:
3972:Organ transplantation
3231:Libraries and museums
3152:Cyberpunk derivatives
3106:Utopian and dystopian
2619:Computer Gaming World
1552:Ashley (2000), p. 54.
1543:Ashley (2000), p. 50.
937:2001: A Space Odyssey
778:The Descent of Anansi
727:The Mote in God's Eye
328:
124:
33:
22:
4429:Hard science fiction
4323:Fictional technology
4318:Fictional astronauts
4175:Frankenstein complex
2821:The Ascent of Wonder
2315:Sequart Organization
2051:Hard Science Fiction
2010:Hard Science Fiction
1959:Hard Science Fiction
1916:Hard Science Fiction
1883:Hard Science Fiction
1477:Hard Science Fiction
1460:Soft science fiction
1301:hard science fiction
1173:Kerbal Space Program
953:The Andromeda Strain
885:(trilogy, 2006-2016)
795:Kim Stanley Robinson
669:The Andromeda Strain
586:Walter M. Miller Jr.
579:The Languages of Pao
567:A Case of Conscience
443:" (1952) (Book 3 of
427:" (1952) (Book 3 of
321:Representative works
176:Science-Fiction Plus
131:Science-Fiction Plus
80:soft science fiction
52:Hard science fiction
4363:Speculative fiction
3957:Genetic engineering
2746:. Greenwood Press.
2736:& Edward James.
2647:Hardcore Gaming 101
2462:. 26 November 2023.
2444:. 28 February 2015.
2422:. Gollancz; SFE Ltd
2402:. 17 November 2014.
1351:. Greenwood Press.
645:The Shockwave Rider
495:, "Tangents" (1986)
4190:Message from space
4155:Ancient astronauts
4043:Parallel universes
4018:Extrasolar planets
3925:Biological warfare
3047:Parallel universes
2929:Scientific romance
2832:2012-04-12 at the
2814:2021-02-25 at the
2712:, Introduction to
2460:The Economic Times
2340:The New York Times
2190:"Blue Mars review"
2083:instytutksiazki.pl
1784:Hartwell, David G.
1585:"Golden Age of SF"
1411:Hartwell, David G.
1396:A Fall of Moondust
1102:Ghost in the Shell
922:Films and TV shows
914:Memories with Maya
603:A Fall of Moondust
543:Mission of Gravity
499:Geoffrey A. Landis
457:The Cold Equations
446:The Seedling Stars
430:The Seedling Stars
348:
290:artistic liberties
258:Mission of Gravity
229:A Fall of Moondust
220:P. Schuyler Miller
135:
60:P. Schuyler Miller
49:
28:
4416:
4415:
4308:Alternate history
4296:
4295:
4257:Simulated reality
3987:Sex and sexuality
3940:Extraterrestrials
3859:
3858:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3423:Campbell Memorial
3200:
3199:
3069:Planetary romance
2839:Technology Review
2552:978-1-4039-8279-7
2500:. 2 October 2020.
2239:"Schild's Ladder"
1798:. New York: Tor.
1758:978-0-312-85509-3
1710:on April 22, 2009
1634:. 20. part 2 (60)
1521:978-0-470-79701-3
1430:978-1-4299-7517-9
1358:978-0-313-22981-7
1328:978-0-312-13486-0
900:Project Hail Mary
865:Alastair Reynolds
831:Charles Sheffield
776:and Larry Niven,
756:Robert L. Forward
639:The Sheep Look Up
627:Stand on Zanzibar
503:A Walk in the Sun
392:Wade Roush (ed.)
360:David G. Hartwell
170:and Mike Ashley.
54:is a category of
4456:
4434:1950s neologisms
4405:
4395:
4394:
4233:Astroengineering
4165:Evil corporation
3892:Matrioshka brain
3870:
3809:List of TV shows
3695:
3375:
3209:
3079:Sword and planet
2969:
2886:
2879:
2872:
2863:
2776:Brian Stableford
2757:
2734:Farah Mendlesohn
2706:#60 (July 1993).
2687:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2654:
2642:"Alpha Centauri"
2637:
2631:
2630:
2622:. No. 177.
2609:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2563:
2557:
2556:
2539:Ruh, B. (2004).
2536:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2494:
2485:
2484:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2396:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2342:. Archived from
2331:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2192:. Archived from
2185:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2135:. Archived from
2122:
2116:
2115:
2110:. Archived from
2104:
2098:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2039:
2028:
2027:
1998:
1977:
1976:
1951:Benford, Gregory
1947:
1934:
1933:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1846:
1841:
1839:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1797:
1780:
1767:
1766:
1761:. Archived from
1742:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1706:. Archived from
1695:
1689:
1688:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1562:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1544:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1506:(June 9, 2008).
1500:
1491:
1490:
1472:
1466:
1464:
1456:
1455:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1391:
1390:
1372:
1363:
1362:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1283:
1270:
1247:
1245:
1220:
929:Destination Moon
824:Beggars in Spain
664:Michael Crichton
633:The Jagged Orbit
598:Arthur C. Clarke
465:, "Kyrie" (1968)
398:(MIT Press 2018)
395:Twelve Tomorrows
224:Arthur C. Clarke
216:US space program
69:Islands of Space
64:John W. Campbell
24:Arthur C. Clarke
4466:
4465:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4412:
4411:
4382:
4358:Sense of wonder
4292:
4276:
4209:
4205:Xenoarchaeology
4180:Galactic empire
4135:Africanfuturism
4123:
4092:
3996:
3911:
3855:
3795:
3774:
3738:
3678:
3637:
3400:
3394:
3366:
3260:
3196:
3146:
3123:Techno-thriller
3091:Climate fiction
3059:Science fantasy
3013:Anime and manga
2960:
2919:Anthropological
2895:
2893:Science fiction
2890:
2834:Wayback Machine
2816:Wayback Machine
2800:
2754:
2739:
2696:
2694:Further reading
2691:
2690:
2681:
2679:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2652:
2650:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2626:. p. 208.
2611:
2610:
2606:
2597:
2595:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2553:
2538:
2537:
2530:
2521:
2519:
2517:WhatCulture.com
2510:
2509:
2505:
2496:
2495:
2488:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2398:
2397:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2349:
2347:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2319:
2317:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2254:"Cold comforts"
2251:
2250:
2246:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2223:
2221:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2199:
2197:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2173:
2171:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2142:
2140:
2125:Aylott, Chris.
2124:
2123:
2119:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2088:
2086:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2065:
2041:
2040:
2031:
2024:
2000:
1999:
1980:
1973:
1949:
1948:
1937:
1930:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1897:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1845:|magazine=
1842:
1832:
1825:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1806:
1788:Cramer, Kathryn
1782:
1781:
1770:
1759:
1744:
1743:
1722:
1713:
1711:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1637:
1635:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1596:
1594:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1522:
1502:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1453:
1451:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1415:Cramer, Kathryn
1409:
1408:
1404:
1388:
1386:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1329:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1296:
1272:
1271:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1242:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1191:
1144:
1089:
1072:For All Mankind
924:
858:Schild's Ladder
722:Jerry Pournelle
555:The Black Cloud
531:Brave New World
522:
483:Inconstant Moon
441:Surface Tension
425:Surface Tension
409:Robert Heinlein
405:
356:
340:Inconstant Moon
323:
318:
211:
158:Amazing Stories
119:
62:in a review of
56:science fiction
17:
12:
11:
5:
4464:
4463:
4460:
4452:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4421:
4420:
4414:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4399:
4388:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4348:Rubber science
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4328:Future history
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4304:
4302:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4217:
4215:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4150:Alien language
4147:
4145:Alien invasion
4142:
4137:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4109:Mind uploading
4106:
4100:
4098:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4004:
4002:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3967:Nanotechnology
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3921:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3904:
3902:Stellar engine
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3878:
3876:
3867:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3853:
3848:
3847:
3846:
3841:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3805:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3788:
3782:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3773:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3703:
3701:
3692:
3688:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3404:
3402:
3399:Literary, art,
3396:
3395:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3381:
3379:
3372:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3212:
3206:
3202:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3168:
3167:
3156:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3022:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2911:
2905:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2848:
2843:
2824:
2818:
2806:
2799:
2798:External links
2796:
2795:
2794:
2787:
2784:Peter Nicholls
2780:David Langford
2767:
2758:
2752:
2737:
2724:
2707:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2663:
2632:
2604:
2593:Time Extension
2579:
2558:
2551:
2528:
2503:
2486:
2465:
2447:
2433:
2405:
2382:
2356:
2326:
2302:
2263:
2244:
2230:
2206:
2180:
2154:
2117:
2114:on 2013-11-22.
2099:
2070:
2063:
2029:
2022:
1978:
1971:
1935:
1928:
1902:
1895:
1869:
1854:
1811:
1804:
1768:
1765:on 2008-05-09.
1757:
1720:
1690:
1663:
1644:
1618:
1604:
1575:
1563:
1554:
1545:
1536:
1527:
1520:
1504:Westfahl, Gary
1492:
1485:
1467:
1436:
1429:
1402:
1364:
1357:
1343:Wolfe, Gary K.
1334:
1327:
1307:
1294:
1274:Westfahl, Gary
1257:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1240:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1169:
1161:
1153:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1130:
1122:
1114:
1106:
1105:(1989–present)
1098:
1097:(1988–present)
1088:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1075:
1069:
1061:
1053:
1045:
1037:
1029:
1021:
1013:
1005:
997:
989:
981:
973:
965:
961:Silent Running
957:
949:
941:
933:
923:
920:
919:
918:
906:
904:
886:
874:
862:
850:
838:
828:
816:
792:
781:
771:
753:
746:James P. Hogan
743:
731:
715:
703:
691:
679:
661:
652:Philip K. Dick
649:
619:
615:The Invincible
607:
595:
583:
571:
559:
547:
535:
521:
518:
517:
516:
506:
496:
490:
485:" (1971) and "
476:
466:
460:
450:
434:
418:
404:
401:
400:
399:
390:
380:
373:
364:Kathryn Cramer
355:
352:
322:
319:
312:
311:
308:speed of light
304:
301:
298:weightlessness
265:'s 1970 novel
255:'s 1953 novel
226:'s 1961 novel
210:
207:
202:Ralph 124C 41+
193:specifications
168:Peter Nicholls
152:Hugo Gernsback
118:
115:
86:) and "soft" (
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4462:
4461:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4398:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4338:Magic realism
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4299:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4279:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4214:Technological
4212:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4195:Transhumanism
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4170:First contact
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4126:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4097:Psychological
4095:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4068:Teleportation
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4048:Portable hole
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3874:Architectural
3871:
3868:
3866:
3862:
3852:
3849:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3771:
3770:Short stories
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3593:Tähtivaeltaja
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
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3040:Space Western
3038:
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3025:Space warfare
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2753:0-313-29727-4
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2722:0-312-85509-5
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2360:
2357:
2346:on 2021-05-05
2345:
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2290:
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2259:
2255:
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2240:
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2220:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2196:on 2008-05-11
2195:
2191:
2184:
2181:
2170:on 2000-08-18
2169:
2165:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2139:on 2008-06-11
2138:
2134:
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2128:
2121:
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2113:
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2100:
2096:
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2025:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1995:
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1979:
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1968:
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1956:
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1855:
1850:
1837:
1836:cite magazine
1821:
1815:
1812:
1807:
1805:0-312-87635-1
1801:
1796:
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1779:
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1694:
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1678:
1674:
1667:
1664:
1660:(2): 141–142.
1659:
1655:
1648:
1645:
1633:
1629:
1622:
1619:
1615:. March 1953.
1614:
1608:
1605:
1592:
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1422:
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1416:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1397:
1385:on 2007-09-27
1384:
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1320:
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1311:
1308:
1304:
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1297:
1295:0-313-29727-4
1291:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1275:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1252:
1243:
1241:9780820314495
1237:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1181:Terra Invicta
1178:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1087:Anime / manga
1086:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1017:Europa Report
1014:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1002:
998:
995:
994:
990:
987:
986:
982:
979:
978:
974:
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966:
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962:
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946:
942:
939:
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934:
931:
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926:
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921:
916:
915:
910:
909:Clyde Desouza
907:
905:
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895:
890:
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883:
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839:
836:
832:
829:
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820:
817:
814:
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806:
802:
801:
796:
793:
791:
790:
785:
782:
779:
775:
774:Steven Barnes
772:
769:
768:
763:
762:
757:
754:
751:
747:
744:
741:
740:
735:
732:
729:
728:
723:
719:
716:
713:
712:
711:The Listeners
707:
704:
701:
700:
695:
694:Poul Anderson
692:
689:
688:
683:
680:
677:
676:
675:Jurassic Park
671:
670:
665:
662:
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658:
653:
650:
647:
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641:
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635:
634:
629:
628:
623:
620:
617:
616:
611:
610:Stanisław Lem
608:
605:
604:
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596:
593:
592:
587:
584:
581:
580:
575:
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569:
568:
563:
560:
557:
556:
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548:
545:
544:
539:
536:
533:
532:
527:
526:Aldous Huxley
524:
523:
519:
514:
510:
507:
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500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
484:
480:
477:
474:
470:
469:Frederik Pohl
467:
464:
463:Poul Anderson
461:
458:
454:
451:
448:
447:
442:
438:
435:
432:
431:
426:
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416:
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403:Short stories
402:
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371:
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365:
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358:
357:
353:
351:
346:" and others.
345:
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331:
327:
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317:
309:
305:
302:
299:
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293:
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284:Films set in
282:
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264:
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254:
250:
246:
241:
239:
233:
231:
230:
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222:, who called
221:
217:
208:
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204:
203:
198:
194:
190:
189:patent models
186:
182:
181:patent reform
178:
177:
171:
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164:
160:
159:
153:
149:
146:
145:
140:
133:
132:
127:
126:Frank R. Paul
123:
116:
114:
112:
108:
107:Gary Westfahl
104:
100:
98:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
76:
71:
70:
65:
61:
57:
53:
46:
42:
41:
36:
35:Poul Anderson
32:
25:
21:
4368:Supernatural
4140:Afrofuturism
4053:Space travel
3962:Invisibility
3930:Energy being
3907:Terraforming
3887:Dyson sphere
3882:Colonization
3814:Australasian
3707:Film history
3488:Grand Master
2923:
2854:
2837:
2790:
2769:
2765:Eric Raymond
2742:
2728:
2713:
2703:
2680:. Retrieved
2676:
2666:
2658:
2651:. Retrieved
2645:
2635:
2627:
2617:
2607:
2596:. Retrieved
2592:
2582:
2571:
2561:
2541:
2520:. Retrieved
2516:
2506:
2478:
2468:
2459:
2450:
2436:
2424:. Retrieved
2417:
2408:
2375:February 24,
2373:. Retrieved
2369:
2359:
2348:. Retrieved
2344:the original
2339:
2329:
2318:. Retrieved
2314:
2305:
2283:(3): 57–66.
2280:
2276:
2266:
2258:The Guardian
2257:
2247:
2233:
2222:. Retrieved
2218:
2209:
2198:. Retrieved
2194:the original
2183:
2172:. Retrieved
2168:the original
2157:
2141:. Retrieved
2137:the original
2130:
2120:
2112:the original
2102:
2093:
2087:. Retrieved
2082:
2073:
2050:
2009:
1958:
1915:
1905:
1882:
1872:
1857:
1824:. Retrieved
1814:
1793:
1763:the original
1747:
1712:. Retrieved
1708:the original
1703:
1693:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1657:
1653:
1647:
1636:. Retrieved
1631:
1621:
1607:
1595:. Retrieved
1588:
1578:
1557:
1548:
1539:
1530:
1511:
1476:
1470:
1459:
1458:
1452:. Retrieved
1447:
1439:
1419:
1405:
1395:
1393:
1387:. Retrieved
1383:the original
1378:
1347:
1337:
1317:
1310:
1300:
1299:
1279:
1227:Fiction 2000
1226:
1218:
1195:Hard fantasy
1179:
1171:
1163:
1155:
1148:
1132:
1124:
1118:Rocket Girls
1116:
1113:(1999, 2004)
1108:
1100:
1092:
1078:
1063:
1055:
1049:Interstellar
1048:
1039:
1032:
1023:
1015:
1007:
999:
991:
983:
975:
969:Blade Runner
967:
959:
951:
943:
935:
927:
912:
898:
892:
880:
868:
856:
844:
841:Allen Steele
834:
822:
812:
808:
804:
800:Mars trilogy
798:
787:
777:
765:
761:Dragon's Egg
759:
749:
737:
725:
709:
697:
685:
673:
667:
655:
643:
637:
631:
625:
622:John Brunner
613:
601:
589:
577:
565:
553:
541:
529:
509:Vernor Vinge
487:The Hole Man
444:
428:
412:
393:
386:
376:
367:
349:
344:The Hole Man
333:
332:, author of
283:
272:
266:
256:
242:
234:
227:
212:
200:
174:
172:
156:
150:
142:
136:
129:
96:
92:Isaac Asimov
73:
67:
51:
50:
44:
38:
37:, author of
4226:AI takeover
4073:Time travel
4033:Inertialess
4023:Force field
4013:Black holes
3982:Prosthetics
3844:Live-action
3613:Translation
3608:Tour-Apollo
3483:Golden Duck
3385:Jules Verne
3251:Women in SF
3216:Conventions
3101:Libertarian
3064:Dying Earth
3035:Space opera
3003:Inner space
2914:Definitions
2653:11 November
2426:February 6,
2150:Larry Niven
2043:Brin, David
2002:Gunn, James
1157:Policenauts
1142:Video games
1129:(2018-2019)
1057:The Martian
894:The Martian
870:Pushing Ice
819:Nancy Kress
739:Orbitsville
718:Larry Niven
682:Larry Niven
562:James Blish
538:Hal Clement
479:Larry Niven
473:Day Million
437:James Blish
421:James Blish
354:Anthologies
330:Larry Niven
286:outer space
263:Larry Niven
253:Hal Clement
139:Jules Verne
101:, built on
4423:Categories
4262:Spacecraft
4238:Holography
4104:Group mind
4083:Warp drive
4038:Multiverse
4028:Hyperspace
3917:Biological
3801:Television
3765:Publishers
3743:Literature
3642:Multimedia
3558:Prometheus
3493:Grand Prix
3408:Astounding
3272:Australian
3177:Dieselpunk
3142:Underwater
2941:Golden Age
2682:2022-11-14
2624:Ziff Davis
2598:2024-08-08
2522:2019-06-21
2350:2024-03-02
2320:2022-12-29
2224:2022-12-29
2200:2008-07-20
2174:2008-07-20
2143:2009-01-27
2089:2024-08-05
2064:0809312344
2023:0809312344
1972:0809312344
1929:0809312344
1896:0809312344
1714:2009-04-28
1638:2007-10-07
1593:. Gollancz
1486:0809312344
1454:2007-10-07
1389:2007-10-07
1253:References
1041:Ex Machina
809:Green Mars
784:Carl Sagan
706:James Gunn
574:Jack Vance
550:Fred Hoyle
453:Tom Godwin
314:See also:
209:Definition
97:Foundation
47:and others
4281:Religious
3992:Symbiosis
3977:Parasites
3935:Evolution
3755:Magazines
3732:Tokusatsu
3513:Kitschies
3443:Deutscher
3401:and audio
3378:Cinematic
3332:Norwegian
3322:Hungarian
3282:Brazilian
3192:Steampunk
3187:Solarpunk
3160:Cyberpunk
3130:Tokusatsu
3113:Tech noir
3096:Christian
3074:Superhero
2965:Subgenres
2297:2450-4580
2132:Space.com
1704:SF Signal
1126:Revisions
977:The Abyss
889:Andy Weir
877:Cixin Liu
853:Greg Egan
813:Blue Mars
767:Starquake
687:Ringworld
493:Greg Bear
335:Ringworld
300:in space.
268:Ringworld
238:softer SF
197:prescient
4397:Category
4267:Tachyons
4114:Psionics
4088:Wormhole
4058:Stargate
4001:Physical
3834:Japanese
3829:European
3824:Canadian
3722:Japanese
3674:Spectrum
3654:Chandler
3588:Sunburst
3583:Sturgeon
3573:Sidewise
3563:Rhysling
3533:Nautilus
3503:Heinlein
3458:Endeavor
3413:Aurealis
3362:Yugoslav
3342:Romanian
3327:Japanese
3312:Estonian
3302:Croatian
3287:Canadian
3256:Worldcon
3226:Fanzines
3182:Nanopunk
3165:Japanese
3030:Military
2998:Grimdark
2993:Feminist
2956:Timeline
2951:New Wave
2830:Archived
2812:Archived
2782:, &
2716:, 1994,
2045:(1986).
2004:(1986).
1953:(1986).
1790:(2002).
1597:June 15,
1345:(1986).
1189:See also
1149:Marathon
1110:Planetes
1094:Patlabor
897:(2011),
811:(1993),
807:(1992),
805:Red Mars
789:Contact
734:Bob Shaw
699:Tau Zero
672:(1969),
642:(1972),
636:(1969),
630:(1968),
515:" (2001)
505:" (1991)
489:" (1974)
475:" (1971)
459:" (1954)
383:Ben Bova
366:(eds.),
279:foreword
183:to give
111:taxonomy
40:Tau Zero
4449:Setting
4313:Fantasy
4301:Related
4272:Weapons
4247:Cyborgs
4008:Ansible
3819:British
3791:Theatre
3603:Tiptree
3578:Skylark
3523:LaĂźwitz
3508:Ignotus
3498:Harland
3473:Gaughan
3463:FantLab
3428:Chesley
3357:Spanish
3352:Serbian
3347:Russian
3297:Chinese
3292:Chilean
3277:Bengali
3246:Studies
3205:Culture
3172:Biopunk
3020:Mundane
2986:Sitcoms
2946:History
2909:Authors
2901:Outline
2851:Hard SF
2793:, 2009.
2573:CBR.com
2480:Gizmodo
2095:issues.
1826:June 5,
1685:4240246
1232:109–125
1065:Arrival
1033:Gravity
993:Gattaca
985:Contact
815:(1996))
249:Mesklin
117:History
84:natural
4407:Portal
4333:Horror
4243:Robots
4200:Uplift
4128:Social
4077:Viewer
3952:Gender
3865:Themes
3760:Novels
3750:Comics
3717:Indian
3659:Dragon
3649:Aurora
3633:Zajdel
3618:Urania
3553:Parsec
3548:Norton
3538:Nebula
3518:Lambda
3478:Geffen
3468:Galaxy
3453:Ditmar
3433:Clarke
3390:Saturn
3371:Awards
3337:Polish
3317:French
3265:Region
3221:Fandom
3118:Spy-Fi
3086:Social
3052:Isekai
2981:Comedy
2842:, 2011
2786:(1982)
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1121:(2007)
1082:(2020)
1074:(2019)
1068:(2016)
1060:(2015)
1052:(2014)
1044:(2014)
1036:(2014)
1028:(2013)
1020:(2013)
1012:(2009)
1004:(2004)
1001:Primer
996:(1997)
988:(1997)
980:(1989)
972:(1982)
964:(1972)
956:(1971)
948:(1970)
940:(1968)
932:(1950)
917:(2013)
903:(2021)
873:(2005)
861:(2002)
849:(1996)
837:(1995)
827:(1993)
797:, The
780:(1982)
770:(1985)
752:(1979)
742:(1975)
730:(1974)
714:(1972)
702:(1970)
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678:(1990)
660:(1968)
648:(1975)
618:(1963)
606:(1961)
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582:(1958)
570:(1958)
558:(1957)
546:(1953)
534:(1932)
520:Novels
449:(1957)
433:(1957)
389:(2014)
379:(2002)
372:(1994)
99:series
88:social
4378:Weird
4160:Black
4063:Stars
3839:Anime
3786:Opera
3779:Stage
3727:Anime
3712:Films
3691:Media
3669:Seiun
3623:Vogel
3568:SFERA
3543:Nommo
3528:Locus
3438:Crook
3307:Czech
3236:ISFDB
3135:Kaiju
3008:Mecha
2014:82–98
1963:70–81
1920:45–57
1887:58–69
1681:JSTOR
1211:Notes
45:Kyrie
4245:and
4185:LGBT
3945:List
3851:U.S.
3699:Film
3664:Hugo
3448:Dick
3418:BSFA
2934:Soft
2924:Hard
2748:ISBN
2718:ISBN
2655:2023
2547:ISBN
2428:2019
2377:2020
2293:ISSN
2059:ISBN
2055:8–13
2018:ISBN
1967:ISBN
1924:ISBN
1891:ISBN
1849:help
1828:2020
1800:ISBN
1753:ISBN
1599:2016
1516:ISBN
1481:ISBN
1425:ISBN
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1079:Away
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