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from its power of making most surprising jumps which it does when alarmed or disturbed. It is very pugnacious, and bites, and stings very severely. It makes its nest under ground, generally about the roots of some plant. Its society does not consist of many individuals. It appears to feed on insects,
366:
Worker, head long, granulated; jaws with a strong tooth near the base pointing downwards and inwards, and thence gradually tapering to the tip, and finely serrated, 1–6th of an inch long; thorax barely grooved; abdominal pedicle small, low, ovate; abdomen very long; sting large; head and abdomen
414:
Worker: Head, thorax and pedicel ferruginous red, closely and rather coarsely punctured, granulated; abdomen black, shining, not granulated, with punctures finer and more scattered ; mandibles, antennae, and legs yellow; the whole insect covered with short, sparse, erect pale hairs, and a
337:
The nest entrance is usually a low mound on the ground with the entrance surrounded by twigs and leaves. The nest entrance is closed by the ants in the evening, and is reopened in the day. The main chamber has a funnel-like opening in the antechamber, and this structure is believed to prevent
275:
Unlike other ants, they are seen singly or in small groups and their colonies consist of very few individuals. They are also unusual amongst ants in that the queen-worker difference is very limited and some workers can mate and lay fertilized eggs just like the queen. These workers are termed
280:. New colonies are founded independently by single queens, and on aging, they are replaced by several gamergates. The gamergates copulate with males from their own colonies, and being inbred, are related to the original founding queen. Colonies never undergo fission to form new colonies.
341:
A study of the genome and expressed genes found that the production of enzymes that slow aging (telomerase and sirtuin deacetylases) are increased when workers turn into queens. The workers also undergo a reduction in their brain size upon becoming reproductives (or gamergates).
333:
of the middle and hind pairs of legs. They can jump up to 2 cm high and 10 cm far. These leaps are made not only to escape, but also to catch flying prey. The workers forage only during the cool hours of the morning and afternoon with a lull in activity during midday.
325:
being the main constituent, along with other minor constituents such as tetradecyl propionate and traces of tetradecyl acetate and dodecyl acetate. Both the secretions from the postpharyngeal glands and the cuticular wax include methyl esters of common fatty acids.
430:. No constriction between the basal two segments. A small median carina is behind the occiput. Smooth and shining. Metanotum, pedicel and a part of the sides of the mesonotum coarsely rugose. Some foveae or obsolete striae on the rest of the thorax. Pilosity as in
801:
Roberto
Bonasio; Guojie Zhang; Chaoyang Ye; Navdeep S. Mutti; Xiaodong Fang; Nan Qin; Greg Donahue; Pengcheng Yang; Qiye Li; Cai Li; Pei Zhang; Zhiyong Huang; Shelley L. Berger; Danny Reinberg; Jun Wang; JĂĽrgen Liebig (2010).
421:
Male: Mandibles short, triangular, rather wide, but not elongated. Head somewhat longer than broad, strongly constricted behind the eyes and up to the occipital articulation. Concavity in front shorter and broader than in
309:, like many species of ants, produces 4-methyl-3-heptanone from mandibular glands. Dufour's gland secretions have been found to include a complex mixture of linear hydrocarbons from C
406:
1105:
1131:
434:. Reddish brown, the pedicel darker. Abdomen brown. Legs and antennae pale testaceous. Wings hyaline, nervures, and stigma very pale. (Based on Forel)
1079:
869:"Reversible plasticity in brain size, behaviour and physiology characterizes caste transitions in a socially flexible ant ( Harpegnathos saltator )"
1205:
1118:
681:
700:
Blum, M. S.; T. M. Musthak Ali; T. H. Jones; R. R. Snelling (1994). "Identification of a chemical releaser of alarm behavior for workers of
669:
762:
Peeters, C.; Hölldobler, B.; Moffett, M.; Musthak Ali, T.M. (1994). ""Wall-papering" and elaborate nest architecture in the ponerine ant
1200:
454:
C. Baroni Urbani; G. S. Boyan; A. Blarer; J. Billen; T. M. Musthak Ali (1994). "A novel mechanism for jumping in the Indian ant
867:
Penick, Clint A.; Ghaninia, Majid; Haight, Kevin L.; Opachaloemphan, Comzit; Yan, Hua; Reinberg, Danny; Liebig, JĂĽrgen (2021).
723:
Shivashankar, T.; H. C. Sharathchandra; G. K. Veeresh (1989). "Foraging activity and temperature relations in the ponerine ant
415:
minute, fine, sericeous shining pubescence on the mandibles, head, antennae, thorax, and legs, visible only in certain lights.
1123:
226:
that hunt mainly in the early morning. The colonies are small and the difference between workers and queens is very slight.
926:"Reproductive cooperation between queens and their mated workers: The complex life history of an ant with a valuable nest"
622:
1190:
52:
987:
1136:
1195:
301:
new workers that try to lay eggs when an active queen or established gamergates are present. Workers use alarm
418:
Queen: Similar to the worker; the ocelli placed very low down, almost in the middle of the front of the head.
330:
1021:
401:
582:
147:
1162:
426:. Posterior face of the metanotum strongly margined. First abdominal segment pyriform elongated as in
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country as I learn from Mr. Hamilton, a most talented and industrious
Amateur Entomologist.
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that include 4-methyl-3-heptanone, 4-methyl-3-heptanol, and isopentyl isopentanoate.
267:
787:
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603:
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576:
J. Liebig; H. J. Poethke (2004). "Queen lifespan and colony longevity in the ant
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104:
1044:
933:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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535:(2000). "Sexual reproduction by both queens and workers in the ponerine ant
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223:
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64:
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1038:
215:
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I have not seen this remarkable Ant in the
Carnatic. I first saw it at
1097:
623:"Worker policing limits the number of reproductives in a ponerine ant"
378:
94:
74:
1015:
502:
1157:
391:
349:
282:
256:
211:
354:
Possible colony lifecycles based on
Peeters and Holldobler (1995)
219:
1071:
1019:
367:
blackish brown, thorax and legs rufous – Length 3/4 of an inch.
297:
The workers limit the number of reproductives in the colony by
207:
114:
988:"A catalogue of the species of ants found in southern India"
873:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
630:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
668:
R. R. do
Nascimento; J. Billen; E. D. Morgan (1993).
1028:
400:The following is the taxonomic description from
364:
358:The following is the original description by
329:Their leaps are accomplished by synchronized
8:
670:"The exocrine secretions of the jumping ant
663:
661:
924:Peeters Christian; Holldobler Bert (1995).
1016:
29:
20:
962:
952:
900:
843:
649:
995:Madras Journal of Literature and Science
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449:
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682:Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology
443:
373:, and subsequently in other parts of
7:
1163:55145BE4-A3DB-8F36-CD12-BCD8A1F10447
458:(Jerdon) (Formicidae, Ponerinae)".
218:and have the ability to leap a few
879:(1948): rspb.2021.0141, 20210141.
704:Jerd. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)".
14:
222:. They are large-eyed and active
804:"Genomic comparison of the ants
596:10.1111/j.1365-2311.2004.00583.x
51:
1206:Taxa named by Thomas C. Jerdon
338:flooding of the main chamber.
42:killing a foreign queen (top)
1:
396:A black-headed form with prey
729:Proceedings: Animal Sciences
617:J. Liebig, C. Peeters &
531:C. Peeters, J. Liebig &
388:which it often seizes alive.
383:I have given it the name of
377:. It is also found in the
1222:
410:(Hymenoptera – Volume 2):
1201:Insects described in 1851
179:
172:
153:
146:
48:Scientific classification
46:
37:
28:
23:
954:10.1073/pnas.92.24.10977
836:10.1126/science.1192428
198:, sometimes called the
182:Drepanognathus saltator
885:10.1098/rspb.2021.0141
727:Jerdon (Formicidae)".
642:10.1098/rspb.1999.0858
578:Harpegnathos saltator
407:Fauna of British India
397:
390:
355:
294:
272:
1030:Harpegnathos saltator
986:T. C. Jerdon (1851).
810:Harpegnathos saltator
806:Camponotus floridanus
764:Harpegnathos saltator
725:Harpegnathos saltator
706:Memorabilia Zoologica
702:Harpegnathos saltator
672:Harpegnathos saltator
583:Ecological Entomology
537:Harpegnathos saltator
456:Harpegnathos saltator
395:
353:
287:Carrying a flower of
286:
260:
195:Harpegnathos saltator
157:Harpegnathos saltator
293:to the nest entrance
204:Jerdon's jumping ant
1191:Hymenoptera of Asia
945:1995PNAS...9210977P
828:2010Sci...329.1068B
636:(1431): 1865–1870.
24:Indian jumping ant
780:10.1007/BF01240479
741:10.1007/BF03179963
555:10.1007/PL00001724
474:10.1007/BF01992052
398:
356:
295:
273:
206:, is a species of
200:Indian jumping ant
1173:
1172:
1145:Open Tree of Life
1022:Taxon identifiers
822:(5995): 1068–71.
248:
240:
214:. They have long
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190:
186:
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1196:Insects of India
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244:H. s. taprobanae
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236:H. s. cruentatus
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139:H. saltator
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1009:External links
1007:
1005:
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978:
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774:(2): 211–218.
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735:(5): 367–372.
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268:Indosylvirana
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148:Binomial name
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514:. Retrieved
510:
505:Harpegnathos
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360:T. C. Jerdon
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263:Harpegnathos
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185:Jerdon, 1851
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165:T. C. Jerdon
156:
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126:Harpegnathos
125:
39:
18:
1093:iNaturalist
461:Experientia
371:Tellicherry
346:Description
307:H. saltator
290:Elaeocarpus
247:Forel, 1909
105:Hymenoptera
40:H. saltator
1180:Categories
1001:: 103–127.
689:: 505–508.
499:Bolton, B.
439:References
432:D. venator
428:D. venator
424:D. venator
303:pheromones
278:gamergates
230:Subspecies
115:Formicidae
85:Arthropoda
38:Worker of
1186:Ponerinae
893:0962-8452
516:5 January
468:: 63–71.
331:abduction
224:predators
216:mandibles
210:found in
133:Species:
71:Kingdom:
65:Eukaryota
1111:10733078
1045:Q4040435
1039:Wikidata
973:11607589
911:33849311
854:20798317
788:41870857
749:83953661
712:: 17–22.
621:(1999).
604:86412019
501:(2015).
482:42304237
385:saltator
299:policing
174:Synonyms
111:Family:
81:Phylum:
75:Animalia
61:Domain:
1085:1314168
941:Bibcode
902:8059678
845:3772619
824:Bibcode
816:Science
651:1690207
563:8728206
375:Malabar
317:, with
167:, 1851)
121:Genus:
101:Order:
95:Insecta
91:Class:
1150:504908
1137:610380
1124:583203
1098:326849
1072:489392
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511:AntCat
480:
379:Mysore
253:Habits
220:inches
1158:Plazi
1106:IRMNG
1059:6LDGT
991:(PDF)
964:40553
929:(PDF)
784:S2CID
745:S2CID
677:(PDF)
626:(PDF)
600:S2CID
559:S2CID
478:S2CID
212:India
1132:NCBI
1119:ITIS
1080:GBIF
969:PMID
907:PMID
889:ISSN
850:PMID
808:and
687:104B
518:2015
313:to C
271:sp.)
1067:EoL
1054:CoL
959:PMC
949:doi
897:PMC
881:doi
877:288
840:PMC
832:doi
820:329
776:doi
766:".
737:doi
646:PMC
638:doi
634:266
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551:doi
539:".
470:doi
404:'s
208:ant
202:or
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261:A
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321:Z
319:(
163:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
