938:. At about 11:30 p.m., Thalia had an argument with a Lieutenant Stogsdal, which ended with her slapping an officer and then storming out. Thomas, not having witnessed the event, assumed she was tired and had gone home, and stayed at the nightclub. Meanwhile, at some time between 11:30 and 12:00, Thalia left the Ala Wai Inn. She claimed to have walked towards Waikiki Park – a dance hall a few hundred meters from the nightclub, which had a dance that night as well. The dance was normally scheduled to end at 11:45, but ended closer to 11:55 that night.
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1096:, at the time a desolate area far away from urban Honolulu. Although he would eventually be found, it seemed to them unlikely that anyone would care. They wrapped Kahahawai in a sheet and put him in Fortescue's rented car, pulling down the shades to hide the interior. A police motorcyclist, alerted to the kidnapping, saw the blinds and considered it suspicious. He pulled them over, discovered Kahahawai's body and immediately arrested all four on suspicion of murder.
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evening. He was accompanied by
Lieutenant Branson, whose wife left with their car. However, there was no party at Rigby's, so Branson fell asleep there, and Thomas went for some late snacks. Thomas tried to call his wife to make sure she had arrived safely—after several calls she finally answered. She told Thomas to come home immediately, as something terrible had happened to her. Thomas took the car and left, leaving the sleeping Branson behind.
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1488:(a faculty member at the Colorado State Patrol Academy; asserts that two men got out of a car, grabbed Thalia, broke her jaw with one punch, dragged her into the rear seat of their car, and drove her to a deserted area that has since been developed as Ala Moana Park, where they raped her multiple times, despite her repeated pleas for her release and even offers of
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the case against Horace Ida and his friends began to look stronger. The five men insisted they were not part of any assault on a lone white woman walking through the darkness of John Ena Road. They explained their movements on the night at length. But the police were not persuaded. The five young men were indicted and charged with rape and assault.
951:(but not raped) by several Hawaiian men. She declined police intervention and asked to be taken home; she got there at about 1 a.m. However, the driver made several mistakes while driving there, so it was not the shortest route. As Thomas was still not home and she did not have keys, Thalia had to break through the back door to get inside.
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Captain Curtis Maddox, supposedly the one conscientious law-enforcement officer who ever investigated the affair). Katkov's story also departs significantly from actual events in many ways, such as making the murder of
Kahahawai look like a crime of passion—and laying all the blame on Lieutenant Massie and not on Grace Fortescue.
1219:, who was still an active-duty detective in HPD at the time of the Massie case (though there's no official record to suggest that Chang was actually one of the investigating officers). As is often the case in the Heller series, Collins provides an alternate solution as to who might have been responsible for Mrs. Massie's rape.
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of the same title. Though Katkov said that he based his novel on the Massie Affair, his novel and teleplay bear only a superficial resemblance to fact. Katkov changed all the names of the principal characters and added other characters for whom no historical warrant can be found (most notably, Police
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The next day, under further questioning, Thalia's story began to change. She now "remembered" that one of her assailants had been wearing a brown leather jacket and the license plate of the assailants' car was 58-805 (only one digit was different from the number of Horace Ida's plate). To the police,
998:
At the station, the
Peeples gave Horace Ida's license plate as 58-895, and the police put out an all points bulletin for the car and its occupants. At about the same time, the police learned of the rape in Ala Moana Park, so it was only natural that they would assume that the occupants of the Ida car
986:
Horace Ida, a young
Japanese man, had borrowed his sister's two-year-old car and had attended a luau accompanied by his pals Joe Kahahawai, Benny Ahakuelo, David Takai and Henry Chang. At about 12:30 a.m., Horace suggested they call it a night. He and his friends piled into the car and left the luau.
1243:, and the Naval officer changed to an Army officer. However, in 1952 Traver himself defended an Army officer accused of the murder of his wife's alleged attacker, and, despite the striking parallels to the Massie incident, it is more likely that this was the case from which Traver derived his plot.
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The last dance at Ala Wai Inn was supposed to stop at midnight; however, the patrons did not let the orchestra stop until 1 a.m. At that time, Thomas tried to look for his wife once more, but gave up and went for an after-party at Rigby's home, where the Navy officers were supposed to meet after the
1136:
commuted the 10-year sentences of the convicted killers to one hour, to be served in his office. Days later the entire group, including the
Massies, the two other Navy men, Fortescue and Darrow, boarded a ship and left the island in turmoil. Thalia and Massie divorced in 1934; she committed suicide
1036:
While the good citizens of
Honolulu waited for the trial to begin, rumors began to develop and spread through the city. There were those who whispered that Thalia had not been raped at all. It was said that she was having an illicit relationship with one of the five beach boy suspects, and that she
1028:
As the case developed, cracks in Thalia's story immediately appeared. In order to have assaulted Thalia – an event so far unproven to have even occurred – it would have been extremely difficult to have then been involved in the near accident across town. The police themselves were split
1148:
Although the prosecution's lead witness, Thalia Massie, had left the
Territory and could not be forced to return to testify, the four surviving Ala Moana defendants could not be exonerated or convicted. As Peter Van Slingland wrote, "Congress, the Navy, and mainland public opinion would not allow
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Horace Ida and his friends were eventually located through the car's license plate and were brought before Thalia at the police station. She was unable to identify Horace Ida, who was wearing a brown leather jacket when she saw him. When asked the license number of the assailants' car, she did not
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man named Horace Ida. Ida was not entirely surprised at first, as only a few hours earlier he had been involved in a near collision while driving his sister's car with several friends, including
Kahahawai and Ahakuelo. Although there was no damage, an argument broke out with the couple driving the
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As Thomas arrived home, Thalia told him about the assault. Over her objections, Thomas immediately phoned the police, who arrived to take her statement. Initially she could not provide any details at all, stating that it was too dark to identify any of the men or to see any details of the car they
1305:
After testimony from two experts, and new arguments about the case, the lawyers voted with a unanimous "Not guilty" verdict for all defendants. Among other deciding factors was the defense's evidence that the five men accused of the rape had been involved in violence on the other side of
Honolulu
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casts Heller as the personal investigator for Darrow after the famed attorney is retained to represent Lt. Massie, Grace
Fortescue, and the other defendants accused of Kahahawai's murder. Collins also includes fictionalized depictions of such historical figures as John Jardine, one of the actual
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As the car passed through an intersection in downtown Honolulu, Horace barely missed colliding with an automobile coming from the opposite direction. There was no contact between the two cars, but both drivers stopped and everyone piled out to argue the fine points of Hawaiian motor vehicle law.
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Things got particularly heated in August 1931, when Hao was forced into retirement. While the retirement itself was not finalized, McIntosh temporarily took over his position, with all of the detectives formally reporting to him. However, as McIntosh was hostile to detectives from Hao's faction,
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An analysis of the reports of our representatives, together, with the reports and statements of the Attorney General's office, the office of the Public Prosecutor, and the Police Department, also the testimony at the trial of the defendants, makes it impossible to escape the conviction that the
1113:
Throughout the trial, Thalia presented herself as an innocent victim. The prosecutor, John Kelley, played on her feelings of superiority. She became enraged, ripped up a piece of evidence, and stormed from the stand. Although this would seem to be a prosecution victory, the courtroom erupted in
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Grace Fortescue, enraged by the stories and what she saw as an attempt to sully the name of her daughter and the family, started a public campaign to attack the defendants. However, the case quickly fell apart in court. After a three-week trial and lengthy jury deliberation, the jurors declared
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The occupants of the other car were a Mr. and Mrs. Peeples. Mrs. Peeples was voicing her opinion of Horace Ida's driving skills when Big Joe Kahahawai (all six feet and more of him) hauled off and punched her in the face. Mrs. Peeples was equal to the challenge. She gave as good as she got. She
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At first glance, the story seemed to be credible. Thalia's license plate was off by only one digit (or letter) and her description of the men, Ida and his friends, was fairly accurate. However, it later became known that the police taking Thalia's statement had in fact "told her" both pieces of
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and vicious beating of Ida, then talked Thomas into kidnapping Kahahawai, the darkest skinned of the five defendants, with the help of two Navy enlisted men—Albert O. Jones and Edward J. Lord. Kahahawai underwent "interrogation", as Grace, Thomas, and the two Navy men attempted to beat a
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information, apparently after hearing the name and description from the initial complaint filed by the woman driver. Attorney Charles Riccio, a legal advisor with the Colorado State Patrol, offers the following account of the incident involving Horace Ida:
871:, where Thalia considered herself "above" the rest of the officers' wives and soon became an outcast. The marriage, apparently not terribly successful to start with, degenerated into heavy drinking and public fights. Thalia had a second
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clenched her fist, wound up, and to Big Joe's surprise, slugged him in the mouth! The incident was about to become a donnybrook. However, cooler heads prevailed, and the Peeples drove off to the police station to report the incident.
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other car, which culminated in Kahahawai slugging the woman. Upon his arrival at the police station, the charges with the altercation were never brought up – instead he found to his dismay that he was being charged with rape.
1236:, was loosely inspired by the Massie case, involving, as it does, a military officer who murders the alleged rapist of his wife and the subsequent trial arising from that murder, with the setting changed from Honolulu to
946:
by locals. The car was occupied by the Berringer and Clark families, who were the first to definitely recognize Thalia after she left Ala Wai Inn. According to their testimony, Thalia claimed that she was assaulted and
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At some time between 12:20 and 12:45 Sunday morning, Thalia was picked up by a car driving along Ala Moana road, then a relatively isolated road that connected Waikiki to Honolulu which was often used as a
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In 1931, the Honolulu police force was bitterly split between two factions: the McIntosh faction, led by Captain Nelson McIntosh, which consisted mostly of white officers; and the Hao faction, led by
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rather than murder. Racial tensions were so high that everyone had expected another hung jury. The mainland press exploded with even more stories and the situation in Hawaii grew more tense.
1306:(the near collision with the Peeples's car) near the time of the alleged attack on Massie and would not have been able to reach Waikiki in time to have also raped Massie as she described.
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1040:
It was also speculated that Thalia was having an affair with one of Tommie's shipmates. When Tommie came home after the party, so the gossip went, he found his wife and his friend
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in 1963; he died in 1987. Grace Hubbard Fortescue died in 1979 and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery. Albert Jones died on September 23, 1966. Edward Lord died in 1967.
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In a coincidental historical twist, the Hawaii Convention Center—where the mock trial was held—sits on the former site of the Ala Wai Inn, where the case first started.
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on the case; many of the detectives were locals who saw the case was a sham and, when they were denied access in the courtroom, started to talk directly to the press.
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463:
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In the evening hours of Saturday, September 12, 1931, the Massies, the Browns, and the Bransons – all Navy couples – attended a Navy event at the Ala Wai Inn, a
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heritage. Both factions had political backing – McIntosh was the choice of Hawaii's business elite, while Hao had the backing of still politically powerful
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shortly prior to the incident, and was "on probation" with her husband, who wrote an informal set of conditions under which he would continue the marriage.
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852:, did not leave her as financially successful as she would have wished, but she nevertheless kept up appearances and raised her daughter, Thalia, with an
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to further investigate and to review the evidence. The Pinkerton agency responded with a 279-page report, in which the introductory letter stated:
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In 1966, while being interviewed by author Peter Van Slingerland, Albert O. Jones admitted that he was the one who shot Joseph Kahahawai.
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emerged from. However, Thalia changed her story several hours later, not only describing the assailants as "locals", but giving police a
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53:
1266:, premiered at the Hawaii International Film Festival. In 2022, it was broadcast as part of the PBS Short Film Festival.
72:
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the charges to be dropped without good reason." Before the subsequent dismissal of the charges, Governor Judd hired the
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The Offshore podcast in 2016, by Honolulu Civil Beat and PRX, covered the Massie Case in episode 4, "A Sinister Past."
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the accused assailants, but that they must give "the authorities a chance to carry out the law and not interfere."
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of Honolulu, tried to keep peace within his department as he needed the votes of both factions to win re-election.
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1971:
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for the sum of $ 30,000. He was brought out of retirement by Eva Stotesbury, an old family friend and the wife of
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1202:, follows the facts of the case more closely than Katkov's book. An entry in his series about Depression-era
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was considered by Admiral Stirling if rioting were to begin, as he had considered imposing it from the start.
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1164:] and assault was not caused by those accused, with the attendant circumstances alleged by Mrs. Massie.
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Sheriff Gleason would give some of them direct assignments, thus retaining the parallel command structure.
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Two of the accused – Joseph Kahahawai and Ben Ahakuelo – were well known local sportsmen. Kahahawai was a
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techniques, looked into the rape case once more. Lawyers attending the convention acted as the Jury.
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853:
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423:
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1865:
1777:"When Change Arrived: Two Criminal Prosecutions in the 1930s Helped Transform Hawaii Race Relations"
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1979:
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and Honolulu, martial law was avoided. Instead, under pressure from the Navy, Territorial Governor
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was on her way to a rendezvous with him when she found him in the company of four drunken friends.
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remember it, but she later heard the plate number 58-895 being broadcast at the police station.
895:. McIntosh was regarded as a racist by indigenous Hawaiians, while Hao's faction was considered
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796:, along with several accomplices, was charged with the murder of the well-known local
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1726:"Short film 'Ala Moana Boys' follows Honolulu's infamous Massie Trials in the 1930s"
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1955:
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1021:(which included the Hawaiian islands), indicated that his first inclination was to
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1874:. Vol. 11, no. 227. Honolulu, HI: Oahu Publications Inc. (Subsidiary of
1950:
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confession out of him—eventually, one of the group of four shot Kahahawai.
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Debating what to do, the group eventually decided to dump Kahahawai's body off
1951:
Honor Killing: Race, Rape, and Clarence Darrow's Spectacular Last Case (eBook)
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2014:
1937:
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1187:, written for television by Norman Katkov, who based his teleplay on his own
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Grace was not willing to wait for another trial. She first arranged for the
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919:, and Ahakuelo both participated in boxing and played in semi-professional
807:, who had brought charges that Kahahawai was one of a group of men who had
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were more than likely the perpetrators of the assault on Thalia Massie.
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932:
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Honor killing Race, rape, and Clarence Darrow's spectacular last case
1653:"Introductory letter to the Pinkerton Report of the "Ala Moana" case"
1651:
Rossetter, Asher, Vice President & General Manager (1932-10-03).
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Honor killing Race, rape, and Clarence Darrow's spectacular last case
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1465:""SOMETHING TERRIBLE HAS HAPPENED"; The Story of Thalia Massie"
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844:. Her marriage to Major Roland Granville "Rolly" Fortescue, an
1983:
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29:
1391:
The Harding Affair: Love and Espionage during the Great War
1352:
Jardine, John; Krauss, Bob. "The Night That Shook Hawaii".
1211:
Honolulu police detectives who investigated the case, and
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and it was Tommie who beat up his wife and broke her jaw.
1827:"MASSIE CASE: MOCK TRIAL ENDS WITH 'NOT GUILTY' VERDICT"
887:
David Hao, which consisted mostly of police officers of
2141:
2100:
1081:Grave of Joseph Kahahawai Jr., at Puea Cemetery in
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1388:
1510:Sea duty : the memoirs of a fighting admiral
1336:Sea duty : the memoirs of a fighting admiral
1128:After a flurry of diplomatic maneuvering between
1144:Pinkerton investigation of the "Ala Moana" case
899:by McIntosh's faction. Patrick K. Gleason, the
1606:"... A Sailor Confesses to Old Hawaii Killing"
1282:in Honolulu, on August 3, 2006, then Lt. Gov.
1064:Territory of Hawaii v. Grace Fortescue, et al.
2078:
1580:"Fortescue, Grace R, Section 3 Site 2055-B-2"
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1262:In 2021, a short film based on the incident,
828:Grace Hubbard Bell, was the granddaughter of
753:
8:
1686:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1660:Pinkerton's National Detective Agency, Inc.
1614:. Vol. 61, no. 15. New York, NY:
2208:Race-related case law in the United States
2085:
2071:
2063:
2059:- "A Sinister Past" about the Massie Trial
2038:
1584:Arlington National Cemetery - ANC Explorer
1500:
1498:
976:Territory of Hawaii v. Ben Ahakuelo et al.
760:
746:
131:
1702:"Offshore Podcast : A Sinister Past"
1177:aired a four-hour miniseries produced by
1114:supportive applause from the spectators.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1785:(October 2006 issue). Chicago, IL, USA:
1550:"The Massie case: Injustice and courage"
1458:
1456:
1454:
1820:
1818:
1379:
1256:(Season 4 Episode 4, "Paradise Lost").
666:
145:
1679:
1492:. No other source corroborates this.)
1463:Riccio, Charles A. Jr. (March 2003).
1354:Detective Jardine: Crimes in Honolulu
1151:Pinkerton's National Detective Agency
7:
867:officer. In 1930, Massie arrived at
58:adding citations to reliable sources
2011:University of Minnesota Law Library
1604:Hunt, George P., ed. (1966-10-07).
1292:Pinkerton National Detective Agency
966:Within hours the police arrested a
2213:Murder trials in the United States
1246:The case was revisited in 2016 by
25:
1943:
1825:Dang, Marvin S.C. (2006-08-07).
1215:, the real-life inspiration for
718:
155:
34:
1425:Something Terrible Has Happened
1423:Van Slingerland, Peter (1966).
1345:Something Terrible Has Happened
1117:The jury returned a verdict of
1102:decided to take on the group's
927:Events of September 12–13, 1931
859:Grace Thalia Fortescue married
840:, was first cousin of inventor
552:State Constitutional Convention
45:needs additional citations for
2007:The Clarence Darrow Collection
1387:Robenalt, James David (2009).
1017:, Commandant of the US Navy's
803:. Fortescue was the mother of
1:
1775:Podgers, James (2006-10-24).
832:, the first president of the
181:
2178:20th-century American trials
2057:Offshore podcast - Episode 4
1986:. 2005-04-07. Archived from
1508:(2007) . "The Massie Case".
1294:report compiled by the then
776:, for what was known as the
2203:History of racism in Hawaii
1864:Berger, John (2006-08-15).
1286:served as the judge at the
834:National Geographic Society
572:Occupation of Iolani Palace
260:French invasion of Honolulu
27:1932 murder trial in Hawaii
2234:
2147:Patrick Eugene Prendergast
494:Honouliuli Internment Camp
310:Rebellions and revolutions
1829:. Letters to the Editor.
1662:p. 8. Archived from
1226:, Collins suggested that
850:Robert Barnwell Roosevelt
824:Grace Hubbard Fortescue,
1787:American Bar Association
1343:Van Slingerland, Peter.
1280:Hawaii Convention Center
1276:American Bar Association
863:Thomas Massie, a rising
192:Battle of Kealakekua Bay
177:Discovery and settlement
2142:Other cases represented
1832:The Honolulu Advertiser
1755:PBS Short Film Festival
1555:The Honolulu Advertiser
1298:and using 21st century
1248:Investigation Discovery
830:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
582:Honolulu molasses spill
1878:Ltd.). A NEW VERDICT.
1871:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
1296:Territorial Government
1290:, using a copy of the
1166:
1089:
1048:
1009:
542:Kalama Valley protests
474:Attack on Pearl Harbor
1558:. Honolulu, HI, USA:
1473:Colorado State Patrol
1334:. "The Massie Case".
1155:
1080:
1034:
984:
842:Alexander Graham Bell
642:Red Hill water crisis
632:George Floyd protests
504:Democratic Revolution
230:Unification of Hawaii
2152:Barmore v. Robertson
1730:Hawai'i Public Radio
1658:. Chicago, IL, USA:
1516:. pp. 244–271.
1222:In his afterword to
1108:Edward T. Stotesbury
1043:in flagrante delicto
854:American upper class
706:Timeline of Honolulu
696:Sovereignty movement
532:Hawaii Admission Act
424:Hawaiian Organic Act
300:Bayonet Constitution
54:improve this article
2188:Territory of Hawaii
2149:'s appeals (1894);
2047:Blood & Orchids
2030:Blood & Orchids
2009:. Minneapolis, MN:
1980:American Experience
1972:"The Massie Affair"
1706:offshorepodcast.com
1514:G. P. Putnam's Sons
1338:. pp. 244–271.
1253:A Crime to Remember
1233:Anatomy of a Murder
1196:Max Allan Collins's
1184:Blood & Orchids
1179:Lorimar Productions
1158:kidnaping [
1019:14th Naval District
784:that took place in
602:False missile alert
414:Territory of Hawaii
348:Leper War on Kauaʻi
2173:Politics of Hawaii
2003:"The Massie Trial"
1278:convention at the
1224:Damned in Paradise
1208:Damned in Paradise
1200:Damned in Paradise
1173:In February 1986,
1169:In popular culture
1090:
1015:Yates Stirling Jr.
865:United States Navy
838:Charles James Bell
386:Counter-Revolution
376:Republic of Hawaii
290:Reciprocity Treaty
270:American Civil War
220:Kamehameha dynasty
2160:
2159:
2108:McNamara brothers
1982:. Arlington, VA:
1356:. pp. 55–81.
968:Japanese American
770:
769:
701:Sugar plantations
660:
659:
622:COVID-19 pandemic
512:
511:
444:Hanapēpē Massacre
434:Oahu sugar strike
404:
403:
366:
365:
328:
327:
200:
199:
148:History of Hawaii
130:
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122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
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2218:Trials in Hawaii
2114:Leopold and Loeb
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2073:
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2023:
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2013:. Archived from
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65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2150:
2132:Massie Trial
2131:
2126:Ossian Sweet
2120:Scopes Trial
2046:
2029:
2019:. Retrieved
2015:the original
2006:
1992:. Retrieved
1988:the original
1975:
1956:Google Books
1949:
1915:
1906:
1895:. Retrieved
1869:
1859:
1848:. Retrieved
1830:
1806:. Retrieved
1780:
1770:
1759:. Retrieved
1757:. 2022-07-09
1754:
1745:
1734:. Retrieved
1732:. 2021-11-04
1729:
1720:
1709:. Retrieved
1705:
1696:
1671:. Retrieved
1664:the original
1646:
1635:. Retrieved
1618:p. 39.
1609:
1599:
1587:. Retrieved
1583:
1574:
1563:. Retrieved
1553:
1540:
1509:
1481:. Retrieved
1477:the original
1468:
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1323:
1308:
1304:
1273:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1251:
1245:
1231:
1230:1958 novel,
1223:
1221:
1217:Charlie Chan
1207:
1199:
1198:1996 novel,
1194:
1182:
1172:
1159:
1156:
1147:
1139:
1127:
1119:manslaughter
1116:
1112:
1098:
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1012:Rear Admiral
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944:lover's lane
940:
930:
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905:
882:
869:Pearl Harbor
858:
825:
823:
798:prizefighter
792:. Socialite
777:
774:Massie Trial
773:
771:
686:LGBT history
681:Legal status
626:2020–present
592:TMT protests
464:World War II
454:Massie Trial
453:
136:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1876:Black Press
1837:Black Press
1782:ABA Journal
1589:10 November
1560:Black Press
1274:During the
1213:Chang Apana
1204:private eye
1123:Martial law
1051:themselves
911:The accused
873:miscarriage
856:lifestyle.
416:(1898–1959)
378:(1894–1898)
340:(1893–1894)
338:Provisional
212:(1795–1893)
18:Hawaii Riot
2183:Hawaii law
2167:Categories
2021:2013-10-21
1994:2013-10-20
1897:2013-10-19
1850:2013-10-19
1808:2013-10-19
1761:2022-07-12
1736:2022-07-12
1711:2017-04-21
1673:2013-10-21
1637:2013-10-21
1565:2013-03-23
1483:2013-10-20
1437:B0007E1F3K
1374:References
1288:mock trial
1284:Duke Aiona
1250:'s series
1238:Michigan's
1071:kidnapping
1053:deadlocked
861:Lieutenant
815:Background
396:Annexation
358:Black Week
169:(pre–1795)
80:newspapers
1938:759838997
1914:(2006) .
1884:2326-1137
1845:1072-7191
1803:494748085
1795:0747-0088
1632:320514071
1624:0024-3019
1616:Time Inc.
1532:175234490
1094:Koko Head
936:nightclub
923:leagues.
498:1943–1946
468:1939–1945
362:1893–1894
320:Overthrow
314:1887–1895
284:1874–1893
274:1861–1865
224:1795–1874
2052:AllMovie
1682:cite web
1362:See also
1300:forensic
1087:Honolulu
1057:mistrial
1032:Riccio:
963:number.
921:football
889:Hawaiian
786:Honolulu
676:Big Five
646:2021–now
596:2014–now
138:a series
135:Part of
1976:pbs.org
1892:8807359
1445:1409013
1181:titled
1104:defense
933:Waikiki
901:sheriff
897:corrupt
848:son of
732:Commons
94:scholar
2155:(1921)
2134:(1932)
2128:(1925)
2122:(1925)
2116:(1924)
2110:(1911)
2101:Trials
2037:
1936:
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1801:
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1490:ransom
1443:
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1399:
1175:CBS-TV
1083:Kalihi
1055:and a
949:robbed
725:Portal
667:Topics
141:on the
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1667:(PDF)
1656:(PDF)
1189:novel
1023:lynch
917:boxer
811:her.
809:raped
101:JSTOR
87:books
2035:IMDb
1934:OCLC
1924:ISBN
1888:OCLC
1880:ISSN
1841:ISSN
1799:OCLC
1791:ISSN
1688:link
1628:OCLC
1620:ISSN
1611:Life
1591:2021
1528:OCLC
1518:ISBN
1441:OCLC
1433:ASIN
1397:ISBN
772:The
656:2023
636:2020
616:2018
606:2018
586:2013
576:2008
566:1999
556:1978
546:1971
536:1959
508:1954
488:1941
478:1941
458:1932
448:1924
438:1920
428:1900
400:1898
390:1895
352:1893
324:1893
304:1887
294:1875
264:1849
254:1943
244:1839
234:1810
196:1779
73:news
2050:at
2033:at
1984:PBS
1954:at
1161:sic
826:née
56:by
2169::
2005:.
1978:.
1974:.
1932:.
1922:.
1886:.
1868:.
1839:.
1817:^
1797:.
1789:.
1779:.
1753:.
1728:.
1704:.
1684:}}
1680:{{
1626:.
1582:.
1552:.
1526:.
1497:^
1467:.
1453:^
1439:.
1431:.
1411:^
1322:.
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182:c.
2086:e
2079:t
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2024:.
1997:.
1940:.
1900:.
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117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
