47:
513:
682:. Nowlein's men were driven back to Mauʻumae, where there were ammo caches and boulders for cover. The fighting led to a deadlock. Due to the distance between the opposing forces, and protective cover on both sides, neither combatant could inflict casualties on the other. Finally the government forces broke the stronghold when a howitzer was brought to bear to end the stalemate and 33 of Nowlein's men surrendered, though Nowlein himself escaped with officers and a few men although he disliked the idea of abandoning his men, his officers convinced him that it was strategic to prevent him from being captured or killed if he remanded in the stronghold.
631:. King had sent a group of men to the rim of Diamond Head to attack the Royalists from above, while Coyne had received a field piece and zeroed in on a group of 100 Royalists on the slopes of the volcano. The artillery was at first too inaccurate to be effective, and it took several barrages to dislodge Wilcox’s men. It is noted that one round was so inaccurate that it missed Diamond Head completely, sailing over the crater and landing in the sea. The final bombardment inflicted several casualties and scattered the group. Wilcox saw no tactical importance in remaining on Diamond Head and ordered his men to retreat to
868:
719:
141:
129:
860:, after asking a passerby he discovered the revolution was crushed. Contrary to the fears of Lane and the warning to government forces to use caution when encountering him, he surrendered peacefully to police becoming the last insurgent to be captured. After being brought to police headquarters he was escorted by six guards in fear he may overpower the regular amount for a normal prisoner. He was locked in with over a hundred under-nourished
437:
1411:
801:
412:, he stated that the U.S. had inappropriately used military force and called for the reinstatement of Queen Liliʻuokalani. The matter was referred by Cleveland to Congress after Sanford Dole refused Cleveland's demands, and the U.S. Senate held a further investigation, culminating in the Morgan Report, which completely rejected that there had been any U.S. involvement in the overthrow.
727:
572:, Company E commanded by Lt. King, drove back the Royalists towards Diamond Head by 9:00, allowing Alfred Carter to bring doctors Walter, Murry, and Doyle to his cousin. The battle continued into the night. The Royalists managed to repel the soldiers from their fallback position. By dawn of January 7, the government forces withdrew to Sans Souci Beach in
670:, but had been waiting in hiding at Mauʻumae as government troops were moving toward Diamond Head. T. B. Murray's group of police on reconnaissance along Waialae Road were sent toward their position. As they approached, Nowlein's men fired at them and the policemen retreated. Murray's men returned with Company F commanded by Captain C. W. Zeiler from
604:
765:. A gun battle ensued between Company A commanded by Capt. P. Smith, backed by Company D. commanded by Lt. Jones with a field piece against the Royalists, leaving one Royalist dead. The Royalists were pushed to the back of the valley where they were surrounded by mountains on three sides. Until nightfall, the doomed company withstood the ensuing
595:, died from his wounds later that day. Two other police officers were also wounded and sent to a hospital. Bertleman and Lane were sent to the police station, where they were imprisoned. Although the royalists had triumphed in the first battle of the war, they had lost the element of surprise. Consequently, this victory would be short-lived.
709:
foliage of the area. Zeiler advanced on them. Wilcox awaited
Nowlein's attack on Punchbowl to relieve his men of the government forces, but this never came. The Royalists could not hold their ground against Zeiler's men and retreated into the valley. At the end of the battle 40 Royalists surrendered
488:
from the outskirts of
Honolulu, but failed to fill their quota of 700 recruits. In addition the recruits lacked weapons, training and discipline, and were pitted against the formidable forces of the Provisional Government, which had spent the royal treasury and secured loans to arm itself thoroughly
642:
Nowlein's men opened fire near
Diamond Head at Mauʻumae at a group of police along Waialae Road commanded by T. B. Murray and, though they caused no casualties, the police withdrew anyway. The Republic’s army moved toward the Royalists with two of the government's cannons. The third cannon was put
415:
The
Provisional Government feared that President Cleveland might continue to support the queen by restoring the monarchy. The Provisional Government also realized there would be no annexation until Cleveland's term of office ended; and they wanted to establish a more permanent government until
864:, he protested that night using the guards’ fears about him to provide food for his fellow inmates. It was believed that most of the Royalists had evaded capture, and with their identities not known had slipped back into the community to return to their lives before the revolution.
819:
of Hawaii having excesses of edibles they are actually scarce. The early native
Hawaiians brought crops of their own when they settled the islands, although vegetation is bountiful, few plants are fit for eating. As a consequence most insurgents were driven out by starvation.
623:. Following the Republic government’s humiliating defeat, Marshal Edward G. Hitchcock deployed men and three artillery pieces to stop the Royalists’ march on Honolulu. An additional detachment of 25 men led by Lt. Coyne was sent, and met Lt. King near Sans Souci Beach at
540:. As Deputy Marshal Brown read the warrant to Bertleman, the squad was fired upon by three Royalists returning from the beach, that took shelter in Bertleman’s canoe house. The police advanced toward the canoe house until the Royalists were driven off, but not before
919:
Also known as the second Wilcox rebellion of 1895, the revolution of 1895, the
Hawaiian counter-revolution of 1895, the 1895 uprising in Hawaii, the Hawaiian civil war, the 1895 uprising against the provisional government, and the uprising of
1177:
Hawaii, our new possessions : an account of travels and adventure, with sketches of the scenery, customs, and manners, mythology, and history of Hawaii to the present, and an appendix containing the Treaty of
Annexation to the United
738:. Most of Wilcox's men had not eaten since the start of the rebellion and spirits were low. The Republican Government forces did not immediately pursue the Royalists because a riot had broken out among Japanese plantation workers in
1110:
Correspondence
Between the Government of the Republic of Hawaii And Her Britannic Majesty's Government In Relation To The Claims Of Certain British Subjects Arrested For Complicity In The Insurrection Of 1895 In The Hawaiian
784:. Others wished to continue the fight but were separated from Wilcox’s leadership and would eventually be captured or killed by government forces routing out the remaining Royalists. Wilcox moved over ancient footpaths to
883:) by a military tribunal with the other military leaders. This time he was found guilty and sentenced to death, but the sentence reduced to 35 years. Liliʻuokalani and other political leaders were tried and convicted for
544:, an armed civilian accompanying the police, was shot three times in the chest. Bertleman shot and wounded police lieutenant Holi as the policemen returned to the house. The policemen subdued Bertleman and another rebel,
46:
1234:
416:
another president, more favorable toward annexation, came to office. Therefore, the
Provisional Government called to order a Constitutional Convention on May 30, 1894. The Constitutional Convention drafted a
777:. The Royalists then climbed the steep slopes to escape under the cover of darkness. The battle had lasted three hours with two rebels captured, three confirmed dead, and most managing to escape.
750:
to patrol the coast and destroyed suspicious unattended boats. The government forces that remained were ordered to guard the entrance to the valley in order to keep the
Royalist force contained.
492:
The rebels had purportedly smuggled arms to Liliʻuokalani to resupply them once the palace was secured. A shipment of guns and ammunition from California had been smuggled on board the Schooner
363:
Because of its brevity and few casualties, this conflict is largely forgotten; in some cases those who rediscover it coin a new name for the conflict, but it is frequently referred to as the “
512:
256:
899:. Liliʻuokalani formally abdicated her throne to prevent further bloodshed over the controversial government in a five-page letter on January 24, 1895. The president of the republic,
697:, where they encountered a line of Captain Zeiler’s Company, and also met with artillery fire. Captain Camara supported Zeiler in securing his flank, positioning his Company C in
1298:
The Rebellion of 1895: A Complete History of the Insurrection Against the Republic of Hawaii: List of Officers and Members of the National Guard of Hawaii and the Citizen's Guard
528:. A squad of six policemen led by Captain Parker, a veteran of the 1889 rebellion who commanded the 30 Royal Guards in the Palace, had been sent to Henry Bertelmann’s house near
349:
1552:
742:, and the government, in reaction, drew forces away from the nearly crushed rebellion to deal with this new threat. Reconnaissance patrols were sent into and around the
568:(Charles Carter's cousin). The police officers mounted their horses and sent word of the uprising, while Alfred Carter searched for a doctor. A detachment of the
659:
at Waialae, on the northeast side of Diamond Head. The Royalists were centered around Anton Rosa’s residence, the former headquarters for the Royalists with an
249:
1279:
The Rebellion of 1895: A Complete and Concise Account of the Insurrection in the Republic of Hawaii: The Correspondence Between Liliuokalani and the Government
548:, in the first clash and took shelter in Bertleman’s house. 70 royalists in the surrounding area joined the battle attacking the house. They were commanded by
1547:
1542:
823:
All the Royalist leaders were arrested. A barracks was converted into a prison to hold the captured rebels. On January 8, 1895, the captain of the Steamer
408:, opposed the idea of annexation, being an anti-imperialist himself, and withdrew the annexation treaty upon taking office. After commissioning the secret
404:
in negotiating an annexation treaty; however, Harrison's term in office came to an end before the treaty could be ratified by Congress. The new President,
734:
The final battle took place on January 9. The Royalists had withdrawn following their defeat at Moʻiliʻili. Wilcox was down to 100 men and retreated into
1527:
381:
1537:
242:
879:
A weapons cache was found and attributed to Liliʻuokalani. She was arrested on January 16. Wilcox was tried for treason (as he had after the
1266:
1020:
951:
1466:
266:
38:
1052:"Abdication of Queen Liliuokalani: Safety at the Price of a Kingdom, of Little Moment Now for the Cause of the Royalists is a Lost Cause"
973:
1153:
845:
and Kalihi with 10 loyal conspirators, but the group was disbanded. He surrendered on January 16, 1895, in a fishing hut near Kalihi.
353:
1532:
1447:
1399:
1090:
770:
710:
and were taken prisoner, while one of Zeiler's men was wounded. The battle had lasted a day, and several Royalists had been killed.
385:
299:
689:
began to attack Waialae, Wilcox moved his men through the mountains, advancing toward Honolulu. His men moved to the settlement of
1485:
1419:
857:
389:
705:, cutting off the western advance by the Royalists. The Royalists retreated and entrenched themselves among the stone walls and
892:
1567:
393:
1358:
1562:
204:
867:
103:
880:
718:
569:
565:
285:
1557:
1051:
811:
continued for a week after the victory in Mānoa as the military eradicated the areas of resistance in the
461:
304:
884:
449:
177:
1410:
541:
564:. The Royalists surrounded the house but three men escaped: Captain Parker, Deputy Marshal Brown, and
1381:
896:
780:
After the climb up the ridge the royalists’ fates varied. Many felt the revolution was a failure and
739:
620:
529:
476:, a sugar planter of British parentage. These men planned to attack government buildings in downtown
280:
108:
340:
was a brief war from January 6 to January 9, 1895, that consisted of three battles on the island of
1457:
1428:
588:
309:
161:
17:
1439:
592:
473:
364:
345:
133:
86:
1182:
774:
856:
for ten days after the final battle. He came out of hiding after fighting subsided believing a
1393:
1388:
1302:
1283:
1262:
1240:
1217:
1194:
1159:
1149:
1132:
1115:
1096:
1086:
1016:
970:
947:
941:
660:
469:
401:
357:
292:
145:
52:
698:
1366:
1186:
888:
849:
831:
816:
812:
758:
743:
722:
National Guard Company F commanded by Captain C. W. Zeiler shortly after the Battle of Mānoa
702:
690:
679:
667:
636:
561:
481:
405:
96:
436:
977:
900:
861:
835:
754:
632:
616:
577:
545:
441:
181:
170:
157:
93:
1038:
The rights of my people: Liliuokalani's enduring battle with the United States, 1893–1917
1315:
1108:
1374:
1171:
671:
624:
581:
457:
421:
166:
1010:
1521:
1296:
1175:
872:
842:
753:
A Royalist force of 50 men was spotted on the evening of the 9th attempting to scale
465:
409:
397:
1190:
966:
746:
and concluded that the Royalist force was still in Mānoa Valley. They employed the
735:
694:
557:
453:
417:
1277:
1256:
800:
420:
for a Republic of Hawaii. The Republic of Hawaii was proclaimed on 4 July 1894 at
1252:
785:
648:
612:
520:
Rumors were circulating on January 6, 1895, that armaments were being landed on
827:, William Davies, and several crewmembers were arrested for distributing arms.
808:
726:
619:. The men led by Lt. Sam Nowlein rendezvoused with Col. Robert W.K. Wilcox at
603:
537:
533:
1287:
1198:
1163:
1136:
1119:
1306:
1244:
1100:
781:
656:
485:
425:
227:
501:
1225:
903:, pardoned the royalists after they served part of their prison sentence.
762:
553:
477:
440:
Sans Souci Hotel was one location the conspirators meet, run by Royalist
1221:
804:
Citizens' Guards in Nuuanu Valley sent to drive out remaining insurgents
452:
was brought into a plot to overthrow the Republic of Hawaiʻi and return
1352:
940:
William Ming Liu; Derek Kenji Iwamoto; Mark H. Chae (19 January 2011).
706:
675:
628:
573:
549:
521:
1083:
Unconquerable Rebel: Robert W. Wilcox and Hawaiian Politics, 1880–1903
234:
1477:
789:
1131:. Vol. 4, 1881–1900. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
584:
west of Diamond Head and awaited reinforcements, ending the battle.
866:
853:
799:
766:
725:
717:
602:
511:
435:
841:
Wilcox hid for several days in the mountains and made his way to
525:
341:
1356:
238:
532:
to search for the weapons. They did not know Bertelmann was a
348:. It was the last major military operation by royalists who
830:
Nowlein was caught with three lieutenants on January 14 in
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
943:
Culturally Responsive Counseling with Asian American Men
1216:. Vol. 1. Crystal Bay, NV: Sierra-Tahoe Pub. Co.
472:, an advisor to both Kalākaua and Liliʻuokalani; and
887:
by those who had overthrown the Kingdom. The former
639:
then west, avoiding the Government forces in south.
1476:
1456:
1438:
1418:
1365:
1239:. Honolulu: Papapai Mahu Press Publishing Company.
635:to rest. The new strategy was to move north into
1144:Gessler, Clifford (2007) . "XI Counter-Revolt".
31:
792:, where the group of 10 eventually disbanded.
587:C. L. Carter, nephew of supreme court justice
480:at night. They had recruited a number of poor
1507:Overthrows by a foreign power are italicized.
250:
8:
1148:. Illustrated by E H Suydam. Gessler Press.
1114:. Honolulu: Hawaiian Gazette Company. 1899.
895:served as legal defense, and prosecutor was
1085:. Niwot, CO: University Press of Colorado.
504:and shipped to a secret Honolulu location.
1353:
257:
243:
235:
28:
1129:Hawaiian National Bibliography 1780–1900
971:The 1897 Petitions Protesting Annexation
1499:Successful overthrows are in bold font.
932:
912:
182:
171:
1400:Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom 1893
576:near Sans Souci Hotel run by Royalist
468:, former Minister of Foreign Affairs;
456:to the throne. Among the plotters was
400:. They were successful with President
1503:Failed overthrows are in normal font.
1314:Twombly, Alexander Stevenson (1900).
7:
1553:1890s coups d'état and coup attempts
815:. Contrary to popular belief of the
643:aboard a commandeered tugboat named
615:was declared in Hawaii by President
464:(which had been disbanded in 1893);
200:5 Companies National Guard of Hawaii
773:known as “the Pen”, at the base of
591:and son of former Kingdom diplomat
516:Diamond Head and Waikīkī beach,1890
396:until an assumed annexation by the
18:Hawaiian Counter-revolution of 1895
1548:Riots and civil disorder in Hawaii
1543:Hawaiian insurgents and supporters
1015:. The University Press of Hawaii.
424:. The Republic was a single-party
25:
1528:Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
1448:1895 Counter-Revolution in Hawaii
1325:Wong, Helen; Rayson, Ann (1987).
1058:. San Francisco. February 7, 1895
300:Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
1420:Provisional Government of Hawaii
1409:
1214:The Saga of the Sandwich Islands
1040:. Algora Publishing. p. 89.
139:
127:
55:during the Battle of Kamoiliili.
45:
1538:Pre-statehood history of Hawaii
1301:. Honolulu: The Hawaiian Star.
1282:. Honolulu: The Hawaiian Star.
39:Hawaiian rebellions (1887–1895)
1320:. Silver, Burdett and Company.
1261:. W. W. Norton & Company.
838:sympathizers while in hiding.
666:Nowlein's men were to capture
1:
1467:Democratic Revolution of 1954
1146:Hawaii – Isles of Enchantment
858:foreign intervention had come
769:and artillery barrage in the
552:Robert Wilcox and Lieutenant
496:to be put aboard the Steamer
99:formally abdicates the throne
1081:Andrade Jr., Ernest (1996).
674:, sent to engage Nowlein at
1233:Spencer, Thomas P. (1895).
1036:Proto, Neil Thomas (2009).
655:attacked Wilcox’s men with
556:, an intimidating six foot
1584:
1343:"The Uprising in Hawaii".
1009:Loomis, Albertine (1976).
946:. Routledge. p. 133.
338:Counter-Revolution of 1895
1494:
1407:
1334:"An Uprising in Hawaii".
1127:Forbes, David W. (2003).
871:The 1895 trial in former
276:
213:
202:2 Companies, Regular Army
190:
151:
120:
59:
44:
36:
1533:Battles involving Hawaii
1389:Wilcox Rebellion of 1889
1212:Scott, Edward B (1968).
881:Wilcox Rebellion of 1889
570:National Guard of Hawaii
566:Alfred Wellington Carter
489:against such an attack.
51:National Guardsmen atop
1191:2027/nyp.33433082445218
1012:For Whom Are the Stars?
834:. They had been fed by
1486:Statehood Day Takeover
1327:Hawaii's Royal History
1295:Towse, Edward (1895).
876:
805:
731:
723:
663:, which was captured.
608:
517:
508:Battle of Diamond Head
462:Royal Guards of Hawaii
445:
152:Commanders and leaders
1317:Hawaii and Its People
885:misprision of treason
870:
803:
729:
721:
678:as they moved toward
606:
515:
460:, former Head of the
439:
382:Hawaiian Constitution
334:1895 Wilcox rebellion
318:1895 Wilcox rebellion
287:Wilcox Rebellion 1889
214:Casualties and losses
32:1895 Wilcox rebellion
1394:Burlesque Conspiracy
1359:Overthrows in Hawaii
897:William Ansel Kinney
647:to form a makeshift
599:Battle of Mōʻiliʻili
390:temporary government
294:Burlesque Conspiracy
198:500 Citizens' Guards
109:Annexation of Hawaii
1568:January 1895 events
1458:Territory of Hawaii
1183:Funk & Wagnalls
627:on the east end of
611:On January 7, 1895
589:Albert Francis Judd
454:Queen Liliʻuokalani
394:Committee of Safety
380:Following the 1887
376:Republic of Hawaiʻi
268:Hawaiian Rebellions
162:Edward G. Hitchcock
1440:Republic of Hawaii
1345:The New York Times
1336:The New York Times
1276:Towse, Ed (1895).
976:2012-03-17 at the
877:
806:
732:
724:
693:, at the mouth of
609:
593:Henry A. P. Carter
518:
474:William H. Rickard
446:
392:was formed by the
365:Counter-revolution
346:Republic of Hawaii
134:Republic of Hawaii
87:Republic of Hawaii
1563:Conflicts in 1895
1515:
1514:
1375:Battle of Kuamo'o
1268:978-0-393-30220-2
1022:978-0-8248-0416-9
953:978-1-135-96833-5
757:and move through
637:Koʻolau mountains
542:Charles L. Carter
470:Charles T. Gulick
402:Benjamin Harrison
358:Kingdom of Hawaii
327:
326:
281:Rebellion of 1887
233:
232:
146:Kingdom of Hawaii
116:
115:
104:Hawaiian Monarchy
67:January 6–9, 1895
16:(Redirected from
1575:
1413:
1367:Hawaiian Kingdom
1354:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1310:
1291:
1272:
1248:
1236:Kaua Kuloko 1895
1229:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1181:. New York, NY:
1167:
1140:
1123:
1104:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1056:The Morning Call
1048:
1042:
1041:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1006:
981:
964:
958:
957:
937:
921:
917:
889:attorney general
862:prisoners of war
848:Lane hid in the
817:tropical forests
406:Grover Cleveland
271:
269:
259:
252:
245:
236:
224:190–220 captured
184:
178:Robert W. Wilcox
173:
144:
143:
142:
132:
131:
130:
61:
60:
49:
29:
21:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1490:
1478:State of Hawaii
1472:
1452:
1434:
1414:
1405:
1361:
1351:
1342:
1333:
1324:
1313:
1294:
1275:
1269:
1253:Tabrah, Ruth M.
1251:
1232:
1211:
1203:
1201:
1172:Musick, John R.
1170:
1156:
1143:
1126:
1107:
1093:
1080:
1076:
1074:Further reading
1071:
1061:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1023:
1008:
1007:
984:
978:Wayback Machine
965:
961:
954:
939:
938:
934:
930:
925:
924:
918:
914:
909:
901:Sanford B. Dole
891:of the Kingdom
836:native Hawaiian
798:
775:Puʻu Konahuanui
716:
714:Battle of Mānoa
617:Sanford B. Dole
601:
578:George Lycurgus
510:
484:, most of them
442:George Lycurgus
434:
378:
373:
330:
329:
328:
323:
272:
267:
265:
263:
225:
223:
203:
201:
199:
197:
176:
160:
158:Sanford B. Dole
140:
138:
128:
126:
77:
50:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1581:
1579:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1558:1895 in Hawaii
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1520:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1501:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1462:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1444:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1424:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1377:
1371:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1350:
1349:
1340:
1331:
1322:
1311:
1292:
1273:
1267:
1249:
1230:
1209:
1168:
1155:978-1406766769
1154:
1141:
1124:
1105:
1091:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1043:
1028:
1021:
982:
959:
952:
931:
929:
926:
923:
922:
911:
910:
908:
905:
873:ʻIolani Palace
843:Nuʻuanu Valley
797:
794:
786:Nuʻuanu Valley
715:
712:
625:Kapiolani Park
600:
597:
582:Kapiolani Park
509:
506:
458:Samuel Nowlein
433:
432:Royalist plans
430:
422:Aliiolani Hale
377:
374:
372:
369:
325:
324:
322:
321:
314:
307:
302:
297:
290:
283:
277:
274:
273:
264:
262:
261:
254:
247:
239:
231:
230:
222:Several killed
220:
216:
215:
211:
210:
207:
193:
192:
188:
187:
167:Samuel Nowlein
164:
154:
153:
149:
148:
136:
123:
122:
118:
117:
114:
113:
112:
111:
106:
100:
83:
79:
78:
75:
73:
69:
68:
65:
57:
56:
53:ʻIolani Palace
42:
41:
34:
33:
27:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1580:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1382:Paulet Affair
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1329:. Bess Press.
1328:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1274:
1270:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1092:0-87081-417-6
1088:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1057:
1053:
1047:
1044:
1039:
1032:
1029:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
987:
983:
979:
975:
972:
968:
963:
960:
955:
949:
945:
944:
936:
933:
927:
916:
913:
906:
904:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
874:
869:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
846:
844:
839:
837:
833:
828:
826:
821:
818:
814:
810:
802:
795:
793:
791:
787:
783:
778:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
751:
749:
745:
741:
737:
728:
720:
713:
711:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
640:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
605:
598:
596:
594:
590:
585:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
522:Waikīkī beach
514:
507:
505:
503:
502:Rabbit Island
499:
495:
490:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
466:Joseph Nawahi
463:
459:
455:
451:
450:Robert Wilcox
443:
438:
431:
429:
427:
423:
419:
413:
411:
410:Blount Report
407:
403:
399:
398:United States
395:
391:
387:
384:and the 1893
383:
375:
370:
368:
366:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
320:
319:
315:
313:
312:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
295:
291:
289:
288:
284:
282:
279:
278:
275:
270:
260:
255:
253:
248:
246:
241:
240:
237:
229:
221:
218:
217:
212:
208:
206:
195:
194:
189:
185:
179:
174:
168:
165:
163:
159:
156:
155:
150:
147:
137:
135:
125:
124:
119:
110:
107:
105:
101:
98:
97:Liliʻuokalani
95:
92:
91:
90:
88:
84:
81:
80:
74:
71:
70:
66:
63:
62:
58:
54:
48:
43:
40:
35:
30:
19:
1506:
1498:
1465:
1427:
1398:
1380:
1379:
1344:
1335:
1326:
1316:
1297:
1278:
1257:
1235:
1213:
1202:. Retrieved
1176:
1145:
1128:
1109:
1082:
1060:. Retrieved
1055:
1046:
1037:
1031:
1011:
967:Noenoe Silva
962:
942:
935:
915:
893:Paul Neumann
878:
847:
840:
829:
824:
822:
807:
779:
752:
747:
736:Mānoa Valley
733:
730:Mānoa Valley
695:Mānoa Valley
686:
684:
665:
652:
644:
641:
621:Diamond Head
610:
586:
530:Diamond Head
519:
497:
493:
491:
486:day laborers
447:
418:constitution
414:
379:
362:
337:
333:
331:
317:
316:
310:
293:
286:
205:Police Force
121:Belligerents
85:
76:Oahu, Hawaii
37:Part of the
875:throne room
649:Patrol Boat
613:martial law
386:coup d'état
102:End of the
1522:Categories
1429:Black Week
1204:2014-08-12
928:References
832:Moʻiliʻili
809:Skirmishes
691:Moʻiliʻili
680:Moʻiliʻili
661:arms cache
538:insurgency
534:Lieutenant
371:Background
311:Black Week
1288:616993826
1226:500032931
1199:681270471
1164:610412419
1137:469875173
1120:615943416
969:(1998). '
825:Waimanalo
796:Aftermath
761:to enter
759:Punchbowl
703:Punchbowl
668:Punchbowl
657:grapeshot
546:John Lane
498:Waimanalo
482:Hawaiians
448:In 1895,
426:oligarchy
354:overthrow
336:, or the
305:Leper War
1307:16334257
1255:(1984).
1245:19662315
1174:(1898).
1101:42329047
1062:July 19,
974:Archived
850:Koʻolaus
813:Koʻolaus
782:deserted
763:the city
755:Tantalus
744:Koʻolaus
607:Honolulu
562:Hawaiian
554:Lot Lane
478:Honolulu
228:deserted
219:1 killed
191:Strength
89:victory
72:Location
1347:. 1895.
1338:. 1895.
1222:1667230
1111:Islands
707:lantana
699:Nuʻuanu
685:As the
676:Kaimuki
633:Waialae
629:Waikiki
574:Waikiki
550:Colonel
536:in the
494:Wahlber
356:of the
350:opposed
209:400–500
180: (
169: (
1305:
1286:
1265:
1258:Hawaii
1243:
1220:
1197:
1178:States
1162:
1152:
1135:
1118:
1099:
1089:
1019:
950:
852:above
790:Kalihi
771:pocket
672:Palolo
651:. The
82:Result
920:1895.
907:Notes
854:Mānoa
767:siege
558:Irish
526:Oʻahu
500:near
342:Oʻahu
226:Most
196:1,200
94:Queen
1303:OCLC
1284:OCLC
1263:ISBN
1241:OCLC
1218:OCLC
1195:OCLC
1160:OCLC
1150:ISBN
1133:OCLC
1116:OCLC
1097:OCLC
1087:ISBN
1064:2010
1017:ISBN
948:ISBN
788:and
748:Eleu
740:ʻEwa
701:and
687:Eleu
653:Eleu
645:Eleu
388:, a
352:the
332:The
64:Date
1187:hdl
580:at
367:”.
183:POW
172:POW
1524::
1224:,
1193:.
1185:.
1158:.
1095:.
1054:.
985:^
980:'.
524:,
428:.
360:.
344:,
1309:.
1290:.
1271:.
1247:.
1228:.
1207:.
1189::
1166:.
1139:.
1122:.
1103:.
1066:.
1025:.
956:.
560:-
444:.
258:e
251:t
244:v
186:)
175:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
