46:
68:. Prior to this time, names mostly align to those in the Australian geologic time scale, and are not divided into epochs. In practice, these earlier terms are rarely used, as most New Zealand geology is of a more recent origin. In all cases, New Zealand uses the same periods as those used internationally; the renaming only applies to subdivisions of these periods. Very few epochs and stages cross international period boundaries, and the exceptions are almost all within the Cenozoic Era. New Zealand updates will always be behind any significant international updates in the
138:
Times given indicate the start of the respective stages and epochs. Several of these stages are further divided into upper and lower or upper, middle, and lower, although this has not been noted below unless unique names have been given to these sub-stages. As with the international geologic scale,
49:
International geologic time scale for context with proportional representation of eons/eonothems and eras/erathems mentioned on this page. Currently we are in the
Cenozoic (abbreviated to Cz) era. The image also shows some notable events in Earth's history and the general evolution of life. Ma
90:
A standard abbreviation is used for these epochs and stages. These are usually in the form Xx, where the first letter is the initial letter of the epoch and the second (lower-case) letter is the initial letter of the stage. These are noted beside the stage names in the list below.
139:
these epochs and stages are largely named for locales where rock dating from these time periods is in evidence, with stage names predominantly but not always named for locales close to their epoch's namesake site. Where known, these places are also linked in the list below.
1817:
Stages prior to the beginning of the
Carboniferous Period use either international (Devonian/Silurian) or Australian (Ordovician/Cambrian) geologic stage names; very little New Zealand rock is known from these geologic periods.
2720:
Hollis, C.J., Beu, A.G., Crampton, J.S., Crundwell, M.P., Morgans, H.E.G., Raine, J.I., Jones, C.M., Boyes, A.F. (2010). Calibration of the New
Zealand Cretaceous - Cenozoic Timescale to GTS2004, GNS Science Report, 2010/43,
114:. The New Zealand stages and epochs are not the same as internationally defined periods and epochs (e.g. the Wanganui epoch started at 5.33 Ma which is within the
2744:
2679:
38:, many nations–especially those with isolated and therefore non-standard prehistories–use their own systems of dividing geologic time into epochs and
2784:
2570:
Until the late 1960s, the
Flettian and Barettian stages were together known as the Braxtonian stage (see Waterhouse 1969). This was named for
94:
Currently, from the New
Zealand perspective we are in the Haweran stage of the Wanganui epoch which is within the internationally defined
2540:
This stage is sometimes further divided into
Mangaoran (lower) and Waikatoan (upper). These are named after Mangaora Inlet (an arm of
2714:
2637:
Raine, JI; Beu, AG; Boyes, AF; Campbell, HJ; Cooper, RA; Crampton, JS; Crundwell, MP; Hollis, CJ; Morgans, HEG; Mortimer, N (2015).
1600:
2764:
2591:
626:
2769:
2555:
This stage is sometimes further divided into
Kiriteherean (lower) and Marokopan (upper). These are named after the
1022:
2779:
2774:
652:
441:
1498:
1402:
423:
87:
in New
Zealand since J. S. Crampton proposed it in 1995. The most recent calibrated update was in 2015.
2789:
608:
2560:
958:
798:
75:
Although the New
Zealand geologic time scale has not been formally adopted, it has been widely used by
1719:
1648:
1362:
1075:
1042:
670:
477:
2725:
1474:
1418:
1534:
1514:
1382:
1194:
379:
375:
305:
69:
45:
34:
2571:
1739:
1174:
568:
2660:
1038:
309:
978:
794:
1494:
283:
2710:
1458:
1262:
1002:
982:
962:
922:
918:
776:
261:
61:
1378:
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1398:
688:
327:
942:
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1616:
1438:
1218:
201:
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2068:
2010:
1767:
1672:
1632:
1422:
1284:
1112:
902:
590:
84:
76:
2094:
2026:
1723:
107:
39:
2655:
2638:
2483:
2242:
1652:
1478:
397:
238:
188:
127:
56:
2581:
Where not subdivided usual reason is no stages recognised due to absent record
2162:
2147:
2039:
1968:
1058:
848:
740:
731:
521:
99:
2121:
1854:
692:
559:
459:
287:
265:
80:
220:
111:
106:
era. The
Haweran, which started some 340,000 years ago, is named after the
2575:
2335:
2134:
2081:
2053:
1984:
1911:
1897:
1868:
1810:
1321:
1133:
1096:
998:
357:
242:
197:
192:
184:
123:
119:
103:
95:
17:
2487:
1954:
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1198:
1178:
816:
758:
710:
572:
563:
503:
498:
418:
352:
115:
65:
2491:
1940:
834:
735:
647:
331:
2709:. Lower Hutt, NZ: Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences.
2508:
2352:
2179:
2001:
1831:
1784:
1576:
1338:
1150:
865:
539:
157:
44:
2612:
1518:
2745:"New Zealand geologic timescale poster 2015 (PDF format)"
2680:"New Zealand geologic timescale poster 2015 (PDF format)"
60:, these epochs and stages use local place names (mainly
2617:
Institute of Geological and. Nuclear Sciences Monograph
2705:
Bishop, D.G., and Turnbull, I.M. (compilers) (1996).
134:
List of New Zealand geologic time epochs and stages
118:period and matches the start of the international
2726:World correlations of New Zealand Permian stages
27:System of dividing geologic time in New Zealand
2730:New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics,
2639:"New Zealand Geological Timescale NZGT 2015/1"
2643:New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics
8:
1541:Makarewan stage (see Permian Period, below)
2632:
2630:
122:epoch, but contains also the international
2654:
2497:
2341:
2168:
1990:
1820:
1773:
1565:
1327:
1139:
854:
146:
2603:
2613:"The New Zealand geological timescale"
7:
1314:Arataura Point, near Kawhia Harbour
50:represents one million Earth years.
1234:Nathan Point/Ohaua, Kawhia Harbour
70:International Geological Time Scale
32:While also using the international
25:
2470:Early Cambrian (not subdivided)
2279:Early or Lower Ordovician epoch
2188:Late or Upper Ordovician epoch
1705:Barrett's Hut, Takitimu Range
1:
2785:Regional geologic time scales
2656:10.1080/00288306.2015.1086391
2014:(not subdivided into stages)
1926:Lower or Early Devonian epoch
1750:(not subdivided into stages)
1300:Ururoa Point, Kawhia Harbour
1248:Heteri Point, Kawhia Harbour
1883:Middle or Mid Devonian epoch
1840:Upper or Late Devonian epoch
2707:Geology of the Dunedin Area
2592:Stratigraphy of New Zealand
2506:
2500:
2350:
2344:
2177:
2171:
1999:
1993:
1829:
1823:
1782:
1776:
1581:
1574:
1568:
1343:
1336:
1330:
1155:
1148:
1142:
870:
863:
857:
627:Whaingaroa (Raglan Harbour)
165:
162:
155:
149:
2806:
2724:Waterhouse, J.B. (1969). "
2503:
2347:
2174:
1996:
1826:
1779:
1571:
1333:
1145:
1023:Waiau Toa / Clarence River
860:
152:
2743:Raine, Ian (2015-03-20).
2678:Raine, Ian (2015-03-20).
1074:Urutawa, a hill north of
919:Piripaua (Spyglass Point)
163:International equivalent
1119:Undifferentiated Taitai
2531:Footnotes to time scale
2232:Middle Ordovician epoch
64:in origin) back to the
2765:Geology of New Zealand
2732:12:4, pp. 713–737
2611:Cooper, R. A. (2004).
51:
227:Castlecliffian stage
48:
2311:Lancefieldian stage
2267:Castlemainian stage
1793:Carboniferous Period
1748:Pre-Telfordian epoch
1095:Taitai, a hill near
1043:Bay of Plenty Region
386:Tongaporutuan stage
2448:Templetonian stage
2415:Boomerangian stage
969:Mangaotanean stage
35:geologic time scale
2300:Bendigonian stage
1710:Mangapirian stage
783:Mangaorapan stage
765:Heretaungan stage
615:Whaingaroan stage
597:Duntroonian stage
448:Lillburnian stage
272:Mangapanian stage
52:
2770:Paleozoic Oceania
2561:Kiritehere Stream
2528:
2527:
2516:(Not subdivided)
2480:
2479:
2404:Mindyallan stage
2371:Payntonian stage
2332:
2331:
2289:Chewtonian stage
2220:Gisbornian stage
2159:
2158:
1981:
1980:
1807:
1806:
1795:(not subdivided)
1764:
1763:
1742:, Takitimu Range
1730:Telfordian stage
1551:
1550:
1505:Malakovian stage
1318:
1317:
1265:, Kawhia Harbour
1130:
1129:
1003:Gisborne District
983:Gisborne District
963:Gisborne District
923:Kaikoura District
840:
839:
466:Clifdenian stage
250:Nukumaruan stage
16:(Redirected from
2797:
2780:Cenozoic Oceania
2775:Mesozoic Oceania
2751:
2749:
2700:Other References
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2684:
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2669:
2668:
2658:
2634:
2625:
2624:
2608:
2574:, a stream near
2569:
2554:
2539:
2498:
2360:Datsonian stage
2342:
2256:Yapeenian stage
2209:Eastonian stage
2198:Bolindian stage
2169:
2109:Llandovery epoch
1991:
1821:
1774:
1696:Barettian stage
1639:Puruhauan stage
1607:Makarewan stage
1601:D'Urville Island
1566:
1525:Nelsonian stage
1465:Kaihikuan stage
1369:Otapirian stage
1328:
1305:Aratauran stage
1140:
1029:Ngaterian stage
989:Arowhanan stage
909:Piripauan stage
893:Haumurian stage
855:
718:Dannevirke epoch
699:Bortonian stage
646:Middle to Upper
579:Waitakian stage
294:Waipipian stage
147:
85:palaeontologists
77:earth scientists
21:
2805:
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2559:and the nearby
2551:
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2496:
2426:Undillan stage
2340:
2322:Warendan stage
2167:
1989:
1815:
1772:
1720:Mangapiri Downs
1679:Flettian stage
1649:Puruhaua Stream
1623:Waiitian stage
1588:D'Urville epoch
1564:
1556:
1409:Otamitan stage
1389:Warepan stage
1326:
1253:Temaikan stage
1239:Heterian stage
1185:Puaroan stage
1138:
1103:Korangan stage
1065:Urutawan stage
943:Raukumara Range
930:Raukumara epoch
853:
845:
805:Waipawan stage
747:Porangan stage
659:Runangan stage
510:Altonian stage
405:Southland epoch
364:Kapitean stage
316:Opoitian stage
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2737:External links
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2649:(4): 398–403.
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1429:Oretian stage
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1419:Otamita Stream
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1010:Clarence epoch
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949:Teratan stage
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823:Teurian stage
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677:Kaiatan stage
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209:Haweran stage
206:
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202:Wanganui Basin
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182:
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172:Wanganui epoch
168:
167:
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132:
102:period of the
98:epoch of the
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2715:0-478-09521-X
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2546:Waikato River
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2515:
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2510:
2504:Abbreviation
2499:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2482:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2459:Ordian stage
2458:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2437:Floran stage
2436:
2435:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2348:Abbreviation
2343:
2337:
2334:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2175:Abbreviation
2170:
2164:
2161:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2069:Wenlock epoch
2066:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2011:Pridoli epoch
2008:
2007:
2003:
1997:Abbreviation
1992:
1986:
1983:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1827:Abbreviation
1822:
1819:
1812:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1780:Abbreviation
1775:
1769:
1768:Carboniferous
1766:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1688:Flett's Hut,
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:Aparima River
1671:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1660:Aparima epoch
1658:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1633:Wai-iti River
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1578:
1572:Abbreviation
1567:
1561:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1515:Malakoff Hill
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:Hokonui Hills
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1350:Balfour epoch
1348:
1347:
1340:
1334:Abbreviation
1329:
1323:
1320:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1285:Aotea Harbour
1282:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1271:Herangi epoch
1269:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1225:Ohauan stage
1224:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1195:Puaroa Stream
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1152:
1146:Abbreviation
1141:
1135:
1132:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1113:Koranga River
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1049:Motuan stage
1048:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
987:
984:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
967:
964:
960:
957:
954:
951:
948:
947:
944:
941:
939:
936:
933:
931:
928:
927:
924:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
907:
904:
903:Haumuri Bluff
901:
898:
895:
892:
891:
888:
886:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
867:
861:Abbreviation
856:
850:
847:
842:
836:
833:
831:
828:
825:
822:
821:
818:
815:
813:
810:
807:
804:
803:
800:
796:
793:
791:
788:
785:
782:
781:
778:
775:
773:
770:
767:
764:
763:
760:
757:
755:
752:
749:
746:
745:
742:
739:
737:
733:
729:
727:
724:
721:
719:
716:
715:
712:
709:
707:
704:
701:
698:
697:
694:
690:
687:
685:
682:
679:
676:
675:
672:
669:
667:
664:
661:
658:
657:
654:
651:
649:
645:
643:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
628:
625:
623:
620:
617:
614:
613:
610:
607:
605:
602:
599:
596:
595:
592:
591:Waitaki River
589:
587:
584:
581:
578:
577:
574:
570:
567:
565:
561:
558:
556:
553:
550:
548:
545:
544:
541:
538:
536:
533:
530:
528:Otaian stage
527:
526:
523:
520:
518:
515:
512:
509:
508:
505:
502:
500:
496:
494:
491:
488:
486:
485:Pareora epoch
483:
482:
479:
476:
474:
471:
468:
465:
464:
461:
458:
456:
453:
450:
447:
446:
443:
440:
438:
435:
432:
429:
428:
425:
422:
420:
416:
414:
411:
408:
406:
403:
402:
399:
396:
394:
391:
388:
385:
384:
381:
377:
376:Kapitea Creek
374:
372:
369:
366:
363:
362:
359:
356:
354:
350:
348:
345:
342:
340:
337:
336:
333:
329:
326:
324:
321:
318:
315:
314:
311:
307:
306:Waipipi Beach
304:
302:
299:
296:
293:
292:
289:
285:
282:
280:
277:
274:
271:
270:
267:
263:
260:
258:
255:
252:
249:
248:
244:
240:
237:
235:
232:
229:
226:
225:
222:
219:
217:
214:
211:
208:
207:
203:
199:
196:
194:
190:
186:
183:
181:
178:
175:
173:
170:
169:
159:
153:Abbreviation
148:
142:
140:
133:
131:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
92:
88:
86:
82:
78:
73:
71:
67:
63:
59:
58:
47:
43:
41:
40:faunal stages
37:
36:
30:
19:
2790:Stratigraphy
2729:
2706:
2686:. Retrieved
2673:
2646:
2642:
2620:
2616:
2606:
2572:Braxton Burn
2567:
2552:
2537:
2522:
2507:Start date (
2351:Start date (
2278:
2231:
2187:
2178:Start date (
2107:
2095:Sheinwoodian
2067:
2027:Ludlow epoch
2025:
2009:
2000:Start date (
1933:
1925:
1890:
1882:
1847:
1839:
1830:Start date (
1816:
1801:
1792:
1783:Start date (
1756:
1747:
1740:Telford Burn
1724:Lake Monowai
1667:
1659:
1595:
1587:
1582:Named after
1575:Start date (
1453:
1445:
1357:
1349:
1344:Named after
1337:Start date (
1278:
1270:
1213:
1206:Kawhia epoch
1205:
1175:Otaka Stream
1169:
1161:
1156:Named after
1149:Start date (
1090:
1083:Taitai epoch
1082:
1017:
1009:
937:
929:
884:
876:
871:Named after
864:Start date (
843:Mesozoic Era
725:
717:
653:Arnold River
641:
634:Arnold epoch
633:
569:Landon Creek
554:
547:Landon epoch
546:
492:
484:
412:
404:
346:
338:
179:
171:
166:Named after
156:Start date (
143:Cenozoic Era
137:
108:North Island
93:
89:
74:
55:
53:
33:
31:
29:
2484:Proterozoic
2243:Darriwilian
1653:The Catlins
1497:, north of
1479:The Catlins
1439:Ōreti River
1162:Oteke epoch
1039:Ngateretere
799:Hawke's Bay
797:, southern
442:Waiau River
398:Tongaporutu
241:(suburb of
239:Castlecliff
189:Pleistocene
128:Pleistocene
57:New Zealand
2759:Categories
2688:2022-09-03
2598:References
2544:) and the
2163:Ordovician
2148:Rhuddanian
2040:Ludfordian
1969:Lochkovian
1722:, east of
1446:Gore epoch
1059:Motu River
979:Mangaotane
877:Mata epoch
849:Cretaceous
795:Mangaorapa
777:Heretaunga
741:Dannevirke
734:to Middle
732:Palaeocene
522:Alton Burn
100:Quaternary
81:geologists
2665:131209497
2122:Telychian
1855:Famennian
1499:Nightcaps
1495:Etal Hill
1403:Balclutha
1283:Herangi,
693:Greymouth
562:to Lower
560:Oligocene
460:Lill Burn
424:Southland
288:Waitotara
284:Mangapani
266:Waitotara
130:epochs).
18:Haumurian
2623:: 1–284.
2586:See also
2576:Mossburn
2488:Archaean
2336:Cambrian
2135:Aeronian
2082:Homerian
2054:Gorstian
1985:Silurian
1912:Eifelian
1898:Givetian
1869:Frasnian
1811:Devonian
1322:Triassic
1263:Te Maika
1134:Jurassic
1097:Ruatoria
999:Arowhana
609:Duntroon
358:Taranaki
310:Waverley
262:Nukumaru
243:Wanganui
198:Wanganui
193:Holocene
185:Pliocene
124:Holocene
120:Pliocene
110:town of
104:Cenozoic
96:Holocene
2492:Hadaean
1955:Pragian
1560:Permian
1517:, near
1401:, near
1381:, near
1379:Otapiri
1363:Balfour
1199:Waikato
1179:Waikato
1076:Matawai
959:Te Rata
817:Waipawa
759:Poranga
711:Bortons
691:, near
671:Runanga
573:Pukeuri
564:Miocene
504:Pareora
499:Miocene
478:Clifden
419:Miocene
417:Middle
378:, near
353:Miocene
330:, near
308:, near
286:, near
264:, near
116:Neogene
66:Permian
2713:
2663:
2476:542.0
2465:511.5
2454:508.0
2443:504.5
2432:503.0
2421:500.5
2410:499.0
2399:497.0
2388:494.0
2377:489.5
2366:486.8
2338:Period
2328:485.4
2317:484.3
2306:476.0
2295:472.4
2273:470.0
2262:468.3
2251:467.3
2245:stage
2226:448.4
2215:453.0
2204:448.4
2165:Period
2155:443.8
2150:stage
2142:440.8
2137:stage
2129:438.5
2124:stage
2102:433.4
2097:stage
2089:430.5
2084:stage
2062:427.4
2056:stage
2048:425.6
2042:stage
2020:423.0
1987:Period
1977:419.2
1971:stage
1963:410.8
1957:stage
1949:407.6
1943:stage
1941:Emsian
1920:393.3
1914:stage
1906:387.7
1900:stage
1877:382.7
1871:stage
1863:372.2
1857:stage
1813:Period
1770:Period
1736:288.5
1716:285.0
1702:276.0
1685:266.0
1645:259.8
1629:254.2
1613:253.2
1562:Period
1535:Nelson
1531:251.5
1511:249.0
1491:246.0
1471:238.0
1435:227.5
1415:221.0
1399:Warepa
1395:217.0
1383:Winton
1375:208.5
1324:Period
1311:201.3
1297:188.9
1259:176.0
1245:164.3
1231:154.5
1191:150.0
1136:Period
1124:145.0
1109:117.5
1071:108.4
1055:103.3
851:Period
835:Te Uri
736:Eocene
730:Lower
689:Kaiata
648:Eocene
497:Lower
436:13.05
392:11.04
380:Kumara
351:Upper
332:Wairoa
328:Opoiti
221:Hāwera
112:Hāwera
2748:(PDF)
2683:(PDF)
2661:S2CID
2523:~4600
2501:Name
2494:Aeons
2345:Name
2172:Name
1994:Name
1934:419.2
1891:293.3
1848:382.7
1824:Name
1802:358.9
1777:Name
1757:298.9
1668:288.5
1596:259.8
1569:Name
1454:251.5
1358:227.5
1331:Name
1279:201.3
1214:176.0
1170:150.0
1143:Name
1091:145.0
1035:99.5
1018:108.4
995:95.2
975:93.7
955:90.5
915:86.5
899:83.6
858:Name
829:66.0
811:56.0
789:52.0
771:48.9
753:45.7
705:42.6
683:39.1
665:36.7
621:34.6
603:27.3
585:25.2
540:Otaio
534:21.7
516:18.7
472:15.9
454:15.1
347:11.04
322:5.33
300:3.70
278:3.00
256:2.40
233:1.63
215:0.34
150:Name
62:Māori
2721:20p.
2711:ISBN
2490:and
2462:Xor
2451:Xte
2440:Xfl
2429:Xun
2418:Xbo
2407:Xmi
2396:Xid
2385:Xiv
2374:Xpa
2363:Xda
2325:Vwa
2314:Vla
2303:Vbe
2292:Vch
2270:Vca
2259:Vya
2248:Vda
2223:Vgi
2212:Vea
2201:Vbo
2114:Ela
2074:Ewe
2059:Ego
2045:Eld
2032:Elu
2017:Epr
1974:Jlo
1960:Jpr
1946:Jem
1917:Jei
1903:Jgi
1874:Jfr
1860:Jfa
1753:Ypt
1733:YAt
1713:YAm
1699:YAr
1682:YAf
1642:YDp
1626:YDw
1610:YDm
1519:Ohai
1459:Gore
938:95.2
885:86.5
726:66.0
642:42.6
618:Lwh
555:34.6
493:21.7
413:15.9
370:7.2
191:and
180:5.33
126:and
83:and
2728:,"
2651:doi
2473:XL
1930:JL
1887:JM
1844:JU
1664:YA
1592:YD
1528:Gn
1508:Gm
1488:Ge
1468:Gk
1432:Br
1412:Bm
1392:Bw
1372:Bo
1308:Ha
1294:Hu
1256:Kt
1242:Kh
1228:Ko
1188:Op
1106:Uk
1068:Cu
1052:Cm
1032:Cn
992:Ra
972:Rm
952:Rt
912:Mp
896:Mh
826:Dt
808:Dw
786:Dm
768:Dh
750:Dp
702:Ab
680:Ak
662:Ar
600:Ld
582:Lw
531:Po
513:Pl
469:Sc
451:Sl
433:Sw
389:Tt
367:Tk
319:Wo
297:Wp
275:Wm
253:Wn
230:Wc
212:Wq
54:In
42:.
2761::
2659:.
2647:58
2645:.
2641:.
2629:^
2621:22
2619:.
2615:.
2519:Z
2511:)
2509:Ma
2486:,
2355:)
2353:Ma
2182:)
2180:Ma
2004:)
2002:Ma
1834:)
1832:Ma
1798:F
1787:)
1785:Ma
1651:,
1579:)
1577:Ma
1477:,
1450:G
1421:,
1354:B
1341:)
1339:Ma
1275:H
1210:K
1197:,
1177:,
1166:O
1153:)
1151:Ma
1087:U
1041:,
1014:C
1001:,
981:,
961:,
934:R
921:,
881:M
868:)
866:Ma
722:D
638:A
571:,
551:L
489:P
409:S
343:T
245:)
204:)
187:,
176:W
160:)
158:Ma
79:,
72:.
2750:.
2717:.
2691:.
2667:.
2653::
2578:.
2563:.
2548:.
200:(
20:)
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