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330:
and drought is caused by exceptionally low values. The fundamental determinants of hazard and the risk of such hazards occurring is timing, location, magnitude and frequency. For example, magnitudes of earthquakes are measured on the
Richter scale from 1 to 10, whereby each increment of 1 indicates a tenfold increase in severity. The magnitude-frequency rule states that over a significant period of time many small events and a few large ones will occur. Hurricanes and typhoons on the other hand occur between 5 degrees and 25 degrees north and south of the equator, tending to be seasonal phenomena that are thus largely recurrent in time and predictable in location due to the specific climate variables necessary for their formation.
1831:
1619:
1034:. In part this is because modern technological living uses certain toxic or poisonous materials in the electronics and chemical industries. Which, when they are in use or transported, are usually safely contained or encapsulated and packaged to avoid any exposure. In the waste stream, the waste products exterior or encapsulation breaks or degrades and there is a release and exposure to hazardous materials into the environment, for people working in the waste disposal industry, those living around sites used for waste disposal or
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27:
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1903:
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283:(FEMA) explains the relationship between natural disasters and natural hazards as follows: "Natural hazards and natural disasters are related but are not the same. A natural hazard is the threat of an event that will likely have a negative impact. A natural disaster is the negative impact following an actual occurrence of natural hazard in the event that it significantly harms a community.
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1128:: There are "factors that make people and groups vulnerable (e.g., poverty, uneven power structures, disadvantage and discrimination due to, for example, social location and the intersectionality or the overlapping and compounding risks from ethnicity or racial discrimination, gender, age, or disability, etc.)".
1224:
through food safety, good personal hygiene, and education. The potential for new biological hazards also exists through the discovery of new microorganisms and the development of new genetically modified (GM) organisms. The use of new GM organisms is regulated by various governmental agencies. The US
642:
A natural hazard can be considered as a geophysical event when it occurs in extremes and a human factor is involved that may present a risk. There may be an acceptable variation of magnitude which can vary from the estimated normal or average range with upper and lower limits or thresholds. In these
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or chemicals released during a manufacturing process), while the FDA regulates new chemicals used in foods or as drugs. The potential hazards of these chemicals can be identified by performing a variety of tests before the authorization of usage. The number of tests required and the extent to which
638:
Natural hazards can be influenced by human actions in different ways and to varying degrees, e.g. land-use change, drainage and construction. Humans play a central role in the existence of natural hazards because "it is only when people and their possessions get in the way of natural processes that
402:
Another definition of risk is "the probable frequency and probable magnitude of future losses". This definition also focuses on the probability of future loss whereby the degree of vulnerability to hazard represents the level of risk on a particular population or environment. The threats posed by a
329:
A disaster hazard is an extreme geophysical event that is capable of causing a disaster. 'Extreme' in this case means a substantial variation in either the positive or the negative direction from the normal trend; flood disasters can result from exceptionally high precipitation and river discharge,
959:
or liquids can also be considered a mechanical hazard. Hazard identification of new machines and/or industrial processes occurs at various stages in the design of the new machine or process. These hazard identification studies focus mainly on deviations from the intended use or design and the harm
1884:
Psychological or psychosocial hazards are hazards that affect the psychological well-being of people, including their ability to participate in a work environment among other people. Psychosocial hazards are related to the way work is designed, organized, and managed, as well as the economic and
1099:
Climate hazards in the context of water include: Increased temperatures, changes in rainfall patterns between the wet and dry season (increased rainfall variability) and sea level rise. The reason why increasing temperatures is listed here as a climate hazard is because "warming temperatures may
1885:
social contexts of work, and are associated with psychiatric, psychological, and/or physical injury or illness. Linked to psychosocial risks are issues such as occupational stress and workplace violence, which are recognized internationally as major challenges to occupational health and safety.
207:
A hazard only exists if there is a pathway to exposure. As an example, the center of the Earth consists of molten material at very high temperatures which would be a severe hazard if contact was made with the core. However, there is no feasible way of making contact with the core, therefore the
1555:
Hazards that would affect the health of exposed persons, usually having an acute or chronic illness as the consequence. Fatality would not normally be an immediate consequence. Health hazards may cause measurable changes in the body which are generally indicated by the development of signs and
1322:
A chemical can be considered a hazard if by its intrinsic properties it can cause harm or danger to humans, property, or the environment. Health hazards associated with chemicals are dependent on the dose or amount of the chemical. For example, iodine in the form of potassium iodate is used to
362:, these are two very distinct terms. A hazard is an agent that can cause harm or damage to humans, property, or the environment. Risk is the probability that exposure to a hazard will lead to a negative consequence, or more simply, a hazard poses no risk if there is no exposure to that hazard.
426:
One of the classification methods is by specifying the origin of the hazard. One key concept in identifying a hazard is the presence of stored energy that, when released, can cause damage. The stored energy can occur in many forms: chemical, mechanical, thermal, radioactive, electrical, etc.
272:" itself is defined as follows: "Disasters are serious disruptions to the functioning of a community that exceed its capacity to cope using its own resources. Disasters can be caused by natural, man-made and technological hazards, as well as various factors that influence the exposure and
1335:
intakes of 1200–9500 mg in one dose has been known to cause death. Some chemicals have a cumulative biological effect, while others are metabolically eliminated over time. Other chemical hazards may depend on concentration or total quantity for their effects.
422:
Hazards can be classified in several ways. These categories are not mutually exclusive which means that one hazard can fall into several categories. For example, water pollution with toxic chemicals is an anthropogenic hazard as well as an environmental hazard.
1417:
and many others. Although considered harmless when first produced, many of these compounds are now known to have profound physiological effects on many organisms including man. Many are also fat soluble and become concentrated through the food chain.
46:. Substances, events, or circumstances can constitute hazards when their nature would potentially allow them to cause damage to health, life, property, or any other interest of value. The probability of that harm being realized in a specific
1022:(UNDRR) Hazard Definition & Classification Review (Sendai Framework 2015 - 2030) specifically excludes armed conflict from the anthropogenic hazard category, as these hazards are already recognised under international humanitarian law.
437:
A distinction can also be made between rapid-onset natural hazards, technological hazards, and social hazards, which are described as being of sudden occurrence and relatively short duration, and the consequences of longer-term
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1907:
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A hazard is defined as "the potential occurrence of a natural or human-induced physical event or trend that may cause loss of life, injury, or other health impacts, as well as damage and loss to property,
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1346:
A variety of chemical hazards have been identified. However, every year companies produce more new chemicals to fill new needs or to take the place of older, less effective chemicals. Laws, such as the
1379:, which is found in car batteries and research laboratories, can cause severe skin burns. Many other chemicals used in industrial and laboratory settings can cause respiratory, digestive, or
218:
In defining hazard Keith Smith argues that what may be defined as the hazard is only a hazard if there is the presence of humans to make it a hazard. In this regard, human sensitivity to
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in the US, require protection of human health and the environment for any new chemical introduced. In the US, the EPA regulates new chemicals that may have environmental impacts (i.e.,
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Maximum
Credible Earthquake incorporated in the design of larger buildings and civil infrastructure like dams or bridges. It is important to clarify which MCE is being discussed.
706:
and determining insurance rates. The seismic hazard studies also may generate two standard measures of anticipated ground motion, both confusingly abbreviated MCE; the simpler
1360:
the chemicals are tested varies, depending on the desired usage of the chemical. Chemicals designed as new drugs must undergo more rigorous tests than those used as pesticides.
5121:
2970:"Environmental neurotoxic pesticide increases histone acetylation to promote apoptosis in dopaminergic neuronal cells: relevance to epigenetic mechanisms of neurodegeneration"
4986:
889:
2877:
Cissé, G., R. McLeman, H. Adams, P. Aldunce, K. Bowen, D. Campbell-Lendrum, S. Clayton, K.L. Ebi, J. Hess, C. Huang, Q. Liu, G. McGregor, J. Semenza, and M.C. Tirado, 2022:
1435:
produce ionizing radiation which may be very harmful to living organisms. Damage from even a short exposure to radioactivity may have long-term adverse health consequences.
2883:
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and
Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
2866:
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and
Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
2237:
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and
Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
2217:
Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and
Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
1606:. Ergonomic hazards occur in both occupational and non-occupational settings such as in workshops, building sites, offices, home, school, or public spaces and facilities.
4733:
4518:
1486:
Casualties resulting from fires, regardless of their source or initial cause, can be aggravated by inadequate emergency preparedness. Such hazards as a lack of accessible
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that can be associated with a volcanic hazard depends on the proximity and vulnerability of an asset or a population of people near to where a volcanic event might occur.
1019:
517:
431:
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Caretta, M.A., A. Mukherji, M. Arfanuzzaman, R.A. Betts, A. Gelfan, Y. Hirabayashi, T.K. Lissner, J. Liu, E. Lopez Gunn, R. Morgan, S. Mwanga, and S. Supratid, 2022:
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Anthropogenic hazards, or human-induced hazards, are "induced entirely or predominantly by human activities and choices". These can be societal, technological or
4542:
4492:
2254:
Climate Change 2021: The
Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
1862:
1121:). For example, the climate hazard of heat can combine with the hazard of poor air quality. Or the climate hazard flooding can combine with poor water quality.
961:
164:). For example, the climate hazard of heat can combine with the hazard of poor air quality. Or the climate hazard flooding can combine with poor water quality.
643:
extremes, the natural occurrence may become an event that presents a risk to the environment or people. For example, above-average wind speeds resulting in a
4082:
2070:
1046:
There are different ways to group hazards by origin. The definition by UNDRR states: "Hazards may be natural, anthropogenic or socionatural in origin." The
5200:
3860:
3632:
2095:
2231:
Dodman, D., B. Hayward, M. Pelling, V. Castan Broto, W. Chow, E. Chu, R. Dawson, L. Khirfan, T. McPhearson, A. Prakash, Y. Zheng, and G. Ziervogel, 2022:
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or probability of a given hazard of a given level causing a particular level of loss of damage. The elements of risk are populations, communities, the
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1343:. Other chemicals include products with commercial uses, such as agricultural and industrial chemicals, as well as products developed for home use.
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is a combination of both physical exposure (natural and/or technological events at a location related to their statistical variability) and human
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1944:
2077:: Those hazard control methods at the top of the graphic are potentially more effective and protective than those at the bottom. Following this
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can build up, or bioaccumulate, in birds, resulting in thinner-than-normal eggshells, which can break in the nest. The organochlorine pesticide
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are common foodborne biological hazards. The hazards from these bacteria can be avoided through risk mitigation steps such as proper handling,
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3240:
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Pesticides, which are normally used to control unwanted insects and plants, may cause a variety of negative effects on non-target organisms.
449:
Hazards may be grouped according to their characteristics. These factors are related to geophysical events, which are not process specific:
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Birkmann, J., E. Liwenga, R. Pandey, E. Boyd, R. Djalante, F. Gemenne, W. Leal Filho, P.F. Pinho, L. Stringer, and D.Wrathall, 2022:
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normally leads to the implementation of inherently safer systems, where the risk of illness or injury has been substantially reduced.
1327:. When applied at a rate of 20 mg of potassium iodate per 1000 mg of table salt, the chemical is beneficial in preventing
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520:, each year 130,000 people are killed, 90,000 are injured and 140 million are affected by unique events known as natural disasters.
1861:(NIOSH) conduct workplace investigations and research addressing workplace health and safety hazards resulting in guidelines. The
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2049:—A harmful incident involving the hazard has actually occurred. Often this is referred to not as an "active hazard" but as an
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Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR) Part 1917: Marine
Terminals, Subpart B: Marine Terminal Operations, Standard: 1917.28 App A
2256:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 2215–2256, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.022.
1865:(OSHA) establishes enforceable standards to prevent workplace injuries and illnesses. In the EU, a similar role is taken by
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Climate scientists have pointed out that climate hazards affect different groups of people differently, depending on their
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434:(UNDRR) explains that "each hazard is characterized by its location, intensity or magnitude, frequency and probability".
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problems if they are inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin. The negative effects of other chemicals, such as
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eruption or related geophysical event will occur in a given geographic area and within a specified window of time. The
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2033:—The situation environment is currently affected. For instance, a hillside may be unstable, with the potential for a
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processes of living organisms and pose threats to the health of humans, the security of property, or the environment.
1011:
516:, particularly more vulnerable people, throughout history, and in some cases, on a day-to-day basis. According to the
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2885:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1041–1170, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.009.
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2219:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1171–1274, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.010.
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2239:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 907–1040, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.008.
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2868:. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 551–712, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.006.
2568:. University of Toronto Department of Geography Research Publications, Volume 6. University of Toronto Press.
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that may occur as a result of these deviations. These studies are regulated by various agencies such as the
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A mechanical hazard is any hazard involving a machine or industrial process. Motor vehicles, aircraft, and
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Potentially dangerous phenomena which are natural or predominantly natural (for example, exceptions are
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187:. This damage can affect different valuable interests, and the severity of the associated risk varies.
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710:
Maximum
Considered Earthquake (or Event ), used in standard building codes, and the more detailed and
57:
Hazards can be classified in several ways which are not mutually exclusive. They can be classified by
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hazards. A fire hazard may include a situation that increases the likelihood of a fire or may impede
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Sperber, William H. (2001). "Hazard identification: from a quantitative to a qualitative approach".
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is the highly harmful impact on a society or community following a natural hazard event. The term "
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are those that are "associated with a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors, including
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A schematic diagram shows some of the many ways volcanoes can cause problems for those nearby.
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is a hazard experienced in the workplace. This encompasses many types of hazards, including
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2620:"Anthropogenic processes, natural hazards, and interactions in a multi-hazard framework"
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2158: – Increases in the exposure to risk when insured, or when another bears the cost
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148:. These are hazards that stem from climate-related events and can be associated with
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may result in many more deaths and injuries than might occur with such protections.
26:
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U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services - Public Health Service (April 2004).
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hazards include things such as awkward or extreme postures, whole-body or hand/arm
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Construction Safety Engineering Principles: Designing and Managing Safer Job Sites
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are a family of synthetic organic molecules which all contain atoms of one of the
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In managing waste many hazardous materials are put in the domestic and commercial
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Some harmful chemicals occur naturally in certain geological formations, such as
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Ergonomic hazards are physical conditions that may pose a risk of injury to the
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for standard buildings, designing larger buildings and infrastructure projects,
672:
Surface motion map for a hypothetical earthquake on the northern portion of the
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3208:. Routledge physical environment series (Reprint ed.). London: Routledge.
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2436:
2324:
2279:. Routledge physical environment series (Reprint ed.). London: Routledge.
2179:
1241:(FDA) regulates GM plants that will be used as food or for medicinal purposes.
690:
will occur in a given geographic area, within a given window of time, and with
6337:
6152:
6122:
6107:
5895:
5883:
5643:
5505:
5131:
4884:
4834:
4804:
4779:
4301:
4291:
4166:
4156:
4136:
4126:
4034:
3504:
3489:
3429:
3263:
1995:
1974:
can be damaged, lost or destroyed by different events or processes, including
1591:
1301:
1288:
1212:
1155:
922:
814:
749:
687:
586:
559:
501:
413:
Hazards to environment –loss of flora and fauna, pollution and loss of amenity
384:
303:
254:
106:
1220:, and a variety of measures have been taken to limit human exposure to these
6079:
5868:
5797:
5742:
5737:
5603:
5444:
5350:
5093:
4964:
4605:
4573:
4311:
4121:
4012:
3843:
3768:
3739:
2968:
Song, C.; Kanthasamay, A.; Anatharam, V.; Sun, F.; Kanthasamy, A.G. (2010).
2110: – System used in industry to eliminate or minimize exposure to hazards
2054:
2034:
2015:
1979:
1928:
1924:
1595:
1465:
1356:
1178:
1174:
1170:
616:
595:
591:
575:
571:
551:
539:
535:
319:
307:
201:
134:
118:
3175:
Defined Term - A dictionary of legal, industry-specific, and uncommon terms
3003:
2985:
3294:
6372:
6357:
5888:
5873:
5775:
5613:
5061:
4849:
4336:
4206:
4049:
3866:
3470:
2685:
2058:
2050:
1603:
1579:
1556:
symptoms in the exposed persons, or non-measurable, subjective symptoms.
1388:
1368:
1273:
1265:
1217:
1166:
1089:
1035:
1007:
975:
599:
396:
269:
250:
240:
215:. Hazards may also be assessed in relation to the impact that they have.
122:
2085:
A range of methodologies are used to assess hazards and to manage them:
836:
For example, technological hazards can arise from the following events:
6352:
6206:
6201:
6038:
6028:
5836:
5648:
5360:
5355:
3417:
2879:
Chapter 7: Health, Wellbeing, and the Changing Structure of Communities
2460:
2037:, but there is nothing below or on the hillside that could be affected.
1987:
1866:
1546:
1398:
1340:
1297:
1162:
1148:
952:
926:
822:
810:
781:
718:
651:
will provide an extreme natural event that may be considered a hazard.
608:
580:
563:
509:
377:. Bad infrastructure and bad governance lead to high exposure to risk.
311:
291:
287:
168:
102:
94:
4525:
Istituto nazionale per l'assicurazione contro gli infortuni sul lavoro
2949:. Atlanta, Georgia: Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry
2882:
2865:
2253:
2236:
2216:
1260:. Many biological hazards are associated with food, including certain
6362:
6288:
2835:
Nomenclature for hazard and risk assessment in the process industries
2663:. Routledge Physical Environment Series (first ed.). Routledge.
1583:
1575:
1550:
1406:
1332:
1328:
1257:
990:) or the materials used in their construction prove to be hazardous.
826:
745:
694:
intensity exceeding a given threshold. With a hazard thus estimated,
295:
172:
171:
terms, common theme across many forms of hazards is the presence of
3087:
2564:
The hazardousness of a place: a regional ecology of damaging events
1947:. Physical exposure to environmental hazards is usually involuntary
1834:
Construction workers at height without appropriate safety equipment
6033:
5792:
3305:
3119:
2136:
2127:
1983:
1920:
1901:
1829:
1587:
1533:
1459:
1414:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1249:
1190:
1088:. These are hazards that stem from climate-related events such as
768:
667:
604:
547:
543:
524:
512:
have threatened people, society, the natural environment, and the
505:
98:
25:
1229:(EPA) controls GM plants that produce or resist pesticides (i.e.
6377:
2435:
Hoekstra, Arjen Y; Buurman, Joost; van Ginkel, Kees C H (2018).
2007:
1476:
1460:
1300:
of food. Diseases can be enhanced by human factors such as poor
785:
567:
380:
354:
339:
211:
The frequency and severity of hazards are important aspects for
125:. Technological and anthropogenic hazards include, for example,
51:
43:
4968:
4071:
3309:
3041:. Washington, DC: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
2026:
Hazards are sometimes classified into three modes or statuses:
156:. Climate hazards can combine with other hazards and result in
2837:. Rugby, Warwickshire, UK: Institution of Chemical Engineers.
2385:
Confronting catastrophe: new perspectives on natural disasters
2359:
Confronting catastrophe: new perspectives on natural disasters
2043:—People, property, or environment are in potential harm's way.
1975:
1410:
1364:
555:
2464:
Text was copied from this source, which is available under a
2098: – Systematic preventive approach to food safety (HACCP)
1244:
Biological hazards can include medical waste or samples of a
1113:
Climate hazards can combine with other hazards and result in
395:, economic activities and services which are under threat of
249:
An example of the distinction between a natural hazard and a
54:. This term is often used synonymously in colloquial speech.
50:, combined with the magnitude of potential harm, make up its
2718:
Natural Resources Canada page on Seismic Hazard Calculations
226:(about social and economic tolerance of the same location).
3206:
Environmental hazards: assessing risk and reducing disaster
3199:
3197:
2661:
Environmental Hazards: Assessing Risk and Reducing Disaster
2277:
Environmental hazards: assessing risk and reducing disaster
2213:
Chapter 8: Poverty, Livelihoods and Sustainable Development
1147:
Biological hazards, also known as biohazards, originate in
373:: examples of hazards are droughts, floods and decline in
2599:. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. 2022
1490:, poorly marked escape routes, or improperly maintained
809:
Technological hazards are created by the possibility of
2739:
Acceptable Risk Processes: Lifeline and Natural Hazards
2684:
Baker, Jack; Bradley, Brendon; Stafford, Peter (2021).
2466:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
1590:
of the hands/wrists, or bones surrounding the knees.
286:
Disaster can take various forms, including hurricane,
5196:
Self-indication assumption doomsday argument rebuttal
4548:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
3270:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2233:
Chapter 6: Cities, Settlements and Key Infrastructure
2104: – Study of risks in a plan or operation (HAZOP)
1859:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1598:, poorly designed tools, equipment, or workstations,
721:
can be caused by geophysical hazards, such as in the
407:
Hazards to people – death, injury, disease and stress
358:
are often used interchangeably. However, in terms of
5122:
Safety of high-energy particle collision experiments
2921:. New York, New York, US: Houghton Mifflin Company.
1038:
and the general environment surrounding such sites.
894:
Technological failures (including those that affect
647:
or hurricane according to intensity measures on the
488:
Damage to valuable human interests can occur due to
410:
Hazards to goods – property damage and economic loss
6330:
6299:
6232:
6090:
5761:
5636:
5547:
5504:
5497:
5463:
5267:
5258:
5173:
5027:
4767:
4721:
4598:
4561:
4511:
4485:
4473:
4427:
4350:
4105:
4005:
3799:
3606:
3571:
3350:
3343:
4734:Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States)
4519:Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety
2914:
2561:
2381:Wolman, M. Gordon & Miller, John P. (1960) in
2135:, a common symbol for poison and other sources of
1204:For example, naturally occurring bacteria such as
594:, which can cause a wide range of events, such as
2944:"Toxicological profile of iodine. Retrieved from"
1020:United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
432:United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
6250:List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
4531:National Institute for Safety and Health at Work
2352:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2344:
34:to indicate a hazard from a flammable substance.
4579:Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981
2895:Natio-clearnal Restaurant Association. (2008).
2618:Gill, Joel C.; Malamud, Bruce D. (2017-03-01).
2597:"Hazard definition & classification review"
208:center of the Earth currently poses no hazard.
6148:List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events
966:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
698:can be assessed and included in such areas as
365:Risk is a combination of hazard, exposure and
5153:Existential risk from artificial intelligence
4980:
4543:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
4493:European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
4083:
3321:
3191:quoted from Code of Maryland, January 1, 2014
2736:Craig Taylor and Erik VanMarcke, ed. (2002).
1863:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
1792:
962:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
175:that can cause damage, as it can happen with
8:
3141:"Environmental Hazards & Health Effects"
5201:Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal
3861:Hazard analysis and critical control points
2096:Hazard analysis and critical control points
1256:(from a biological source) that can affect
5501:
5304:Climate change and civilizational collapse
5264:
4987:
4973:
4965:
4482:
4187:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis ("black lung")
4090:
4076:
4068:
3347:
3328:
3314:
3306:
3149:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
3092:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1799:
1785:
1613:
2993:
2908:
2906:
2643:
2452:
896:information and communications technology
728:Although generally a natural phenomenon,
676:and its presumed northern extension, the
527:) can be classified in these categories:
16:Situation or object that can cause damage
6307:Centre for the Study of Existential Risk
6245:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
3834:Structured or semi-structured interviews
2828:
2826:
2591:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2537:Natural Hazards and Environmental Change
2387:. Harpenden, England: Terra Publishing.
2361:. Harpenden, England: Terra Publishing.
2069:
723:2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
4713:Immediately dangerous to life or health
3035:"Health Hazard Definitions (Mandatory)"
2325:"Natural Hazards | National Risk Index"
2180:"Natural Hazards | National Risk Index"
2168:
1752:
1726:
1698:
1660:
1625:
1509:is involved in hazards associated with
1110:are also connected to climate hazards.
974:occur when human structures fail (e.g.
318:, flooding, toxic release, and spills (
152:, such as wildfires, floods, droughts,
4900:Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19
4172:Chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy
2794:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2787:
1945:build-up of atmospheric carbon dioxide
1772:Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19
1456:Fire safety § Common fire hazards
3229:David MacCollum (December 18, 2006).
2856:
2854:
2560:Hewitt, Kenneth; Burton, Ian (1971).
2505:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2174:
2172:
1422:Radioactive or electromagnetic hazard
7:
5324:Tipping points in the climate system
4947:
4590:Working Environment Convention, 1977
2270:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2227:
2225:
2207:
2205:
2203:
1428:Electromagnetic radiation and health
1349:Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
5319:Extinction risk from climate change
5218:New World Order (conspiracy theory)
4759:Workers' right to access the toilet
1104:, in turn leading to drier soils".
945:Structural failures or construction
607:or near-surface events, especially
281:Federal Emergency Management Agency
245:Natural disaster § Terminology
6279:List of fictional doomsday devices
4830:International Chemical Safety Card
3964:Bayesian statistics and Bayes nets
2535:McGuire, Bill; Mason, Ian (2002).
200:, livelihoods, service provision,
137:, and release of toxic materials.
14:
5299:Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis
4840:National Day of Mourning (Canada)
4498:International Labour Organization
3893:Failure mode and effects analysis
3116:United States Department of Labor
2383:Alexander, David E. (2000). "2".
2092: – Method for assessing risk
93:with highly harmful impacts on a
6415:
6414:
6402:
5560:Decline in amphibian populations
4946:
4918:
4917:
3996:Multi-criteria decision analysis
3944:Reliability centered maintenance
3293:
2687:Seismic Hazard and Risk Analysis
2459:
2437:"Urban water security: A review"
2120:This section is an excerpt from
1935:, slash and burn deforestation,
1894:This section is an excerpt from
1822:This section is an excerpt from
1617:
998:Societal hazards can arise from
761:This section is an excerpt from
736:by human interventions, such as
660:This section is an excerpt from
5911:Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
5408:Land surface effects on climate
5381:Human impact on the environment
5012:Future of an expanding universe
2645:10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.01.002
2018:and progressive deterioration.
1227:Environmental Protection Agency
905:) can cause disruptions to the
257:is the hazard which caused the
4795:Environment, health and safety
4450:Occupational health psychology
4099:Occupational safety and health
3912:Cause and consequence analysis
3786:Occupational safety and health
3694:Identity and access management
2690:. Cambridge University Press.
2478:"Environmental Health Hazards"
2441:Environmental Research Letters
1927:. Well known examples include
1919:are those hazards that affect
821:), which can also impact the
456:Intensity of impact at a point
204:and environmental resources."
1:
5857:Interpretations of Revelation
5659:Cosmological phase transition
5565:Decline in insect populations
5017:Ultimate fate of the universe
4666:Personal protective equipment
4419:Workplace health surveillance
2422:10.1016/s0956-7135(00)00044-x
1817:Occupational exposure banding
1745:Workplace health surveillance
1719:Workplace exposure monitoring
1691:Personal protective equipment
1464:An active flame front of the
1391:, have been well documented.
941:and other important services.
459:Duration of impact at a point
259:1906 San Francisco earthquake
230:Relationship with other terms
6312:Future of Humanity Institute
5709:Potentially hazardous object
5609:Interplanetary contamination
4708:Standard operating procedure
4641:Hierarchy of hazard controls
4394:Hierarchy of hazard controls
3872:Structured What If Technique
3855:Hazard and operability study
3711:Business continuity planning
3235:. McGraw-Hill Professional.
2357:Alexander, David E. (2000).
2108:Hierarchy of hazard controls
2102:Hazard and operability study
2075:Hierarchy of hazard controls
1857:. In the United States, the
1662:Hierarchy of hazard controls
1483:in the event a fire occurs.
1475:are commonly referred to as
1353:Toxic Substances Control Act
1239:Food and Drug Administration
1126:climate change vulnerability
1086:IPCC Sixth Assessment Report
133:, accidental or intentional
6192:Nemesis (hypothetical star)
5341:Global terrestrial stilling
4845:NIOSH air filtration rating
4537:Health and Safety Executive
4445:Occupational health nursing
4409:Occupational exposure limit
4247:Hospital-acquired infection
4212:Exposure to human nail dust
3849:Preliminary hazard analysis
3668:Operational risk management
2742:. Reston, VA: ASCE, TCLEE.
1709:Occupational exposure limit
1375:. Corrosive chemicals like
1154:Biological hazards include
686:is the probability that an
453:Areal extent of damage zone
6482:
5704:Asteroid impact prediction
5679:Heat death of the universe
5089:Mutual assured destruction
4905:Workplace health promotion
4810:Hawks Nest Tunnel disaster
4584:Worker Protection Standard
4287:Noise-induced hearing loss
3933:Human reliability analysis
3617:Enterprise risk management
2119:
1955:
1913:for environmental hazards.
1893:
1877:
1821:
1810:
1563:
1544:
1453:
1442:
1425:
1315:
1140:
1080:is used in the context of
1065:
760:
659:
481:
462:Rate of onset of the event
369:. For example in terms of
337:
238:
144:is used in the context of
18:
6396:
6322:Nuclear Threat Initiative
6255:List of apocalyptic films
6098:2011 end times prediction
5830:Prophecy of Seventy Weeks
5825:Abomination of desolation
5699:Asteroid impact avoidance
5529:List of extinction events
5371:Environmental degradation
5158:Technological singularity
5002:
4996:Global catastrophic risks
4913:
4503:World Health Organization
4414:Occupational epidemiology
4399:Prevention through design
4257:Laboratory animal allergy
4182:Chimney sweeps' carcinoma
4157:Byssinosis ("brown lung")
3922:Layer protection analysis
3917:Cause-and-effect analysis
3724:Financial risk management
3461:Vulnerability (computing)
1740:Occupational epidemiology
1401:. Such materials include
1068:Effects of climate change
1052:environmental degradation
1004:explosive remnants of war
955:pose mechanical hazards.
881:and accidental explosions
440:environmental degradation
42:is a potential source of
6317:Future of Life Institute
6219:Resurrection of the dead
6212:Post-tribulation rapture
5594:Colony collapse disorder
4820:Hostile work environment
4800:Environmental toxicology
4693:Redundancy (engineering)
4307:Repetitive strain injury
3883:Business impact analysis
3699:Vulnerability management
3645:Personal risk management
3444:Global catastrophic risk
2800:Earthquake Definitions,
2511:"Hazard | PreventionWeb"
2482:www.iloencyclopaedia.org
2454:10.1088/1748-9326/aaba52
1445:Occupational heat stress
1304:or by processes such as
1276:, and plant and seafood
678:Rodgers Creek Fault Zone
85:(e.g., health hazard or
5143:Artificial intelligence
4865:Quality of working life
4651:Administrative controls
3764:Precautionary principle
3716:Disaster risk reduction
3264:"Hierarchy of Controls"
3068:. Australian Government
3022:Encyclopædia Britannica
2818:Encyclopædia Britannica
2802:Oregon State University
2066:Analysis and management
1735:Occupational toxicology
1686:Administrative controls
866:nuclear plant accidents
290:, tsunami, earthquake,
21:Hazard (disambiguation)
6272:List of disaster films
6113:Apocalyptic literature
5213:Malthusian catastrophe
5139:Synthetic intelligence
4460:Occupational therapist
4440:Industrial engineering
4232:Glassblower's cataract
4197:Decompression sickness
3959:Monte Carlo simulation
3949:Sneak circuit analysis
3344:Risk type & source
3171:"Environmental hazard"
2986:10.1124/mol.109.062174
2913:Ropeik, David (2002).
2144:
2082:
1914:
1835:
1572:musculoskeletal system
1542:
1468:
1439:Thermal or fire hazard
813:associated with human
774:
680:
383:can be defined as the
334:Risk and vulnerability
35:
5654:Coronal mass ejection
5116:Electromagnetic pulse
5077:Kinetic energy weapon
4930:Occupational diseases
4895:Workers' compensation
4455:Occupational medicine
4317:Silo-filler's disease
4282:Mule spinners' cancer
3984:Cost/benefit analysis
3628:Regulatory compliance
3204:Smith, Keith (1993).
2833:Jones, David (1992).
2659:Smith, Keith (1992).
2624:Earth-Science Reviews
2515:www.preventionweb.net
2301:"What is a disaster?"
2275:Smith, Keith (1993).
2141:GHS hazard pictograms
2131:
2079:hierarchy of controls
2073:
1917:Environmental hazards
1905:
1833:
1539:GHS hazard pictograms
1537:
1463:
1454:Further information:
1433:Radioactive materials
1115:compound event losses
1084:, for example in the
819:emerging technologies
799:environmental hazards
780:is the probability a
772:
671:
492:and processes of the
220:environmental hazards
158:compound event losses
29:
6056:War of Gog and Magog
5733:Near-Earth supernova
5483:Human overpopulation
5287:Mass mortality event
5181:Anthropogenic hazard
4656:Engineering controls
4631:Emergency evacuation
4435:Environmental health
4202:De Quervain syndrome
4192:Concussions in sport
3747:Strategic management
3623:Corporate governance
3401:Anthropogenic hazard
3302:at Wikimedia Commons
2305:www.ifrc.org – IFRC
2133:Skull and crossbones
1896:Environmental hazard
1889:Environmental hazard
1851:psychosocial hazards
1700:Occupational hygiene
1681:Engineering controls
1627:Occupational hazards
1092:, floods, droughts,
1048:socionatural hazards
1018:, etc. However, the
872:accidents and other
864:-related accidents:
849:navigation accidents
805:Technological hazard
793:Anthropogenic hazard
740:, large underground
649:Saffir–Simpson scale
127:structural collapses
87:environmental hazard
19:For other uses, see
6128:Blood moon prophecy
5921:Number of the Beast
5519:Holocene extinction
5465:Earth Overshoot Day
5413:Ocean acidification
5376:Habitat destruction
5366:Ecological collapse
5072:Kinetic bombardment
5007:Future of the Earth
4790:Effects of overtime
4673:Job safety analysis
4661:Hazard substitution
4626:Emergency procedure
4404:Exposure assessment
4389:Occupational stress
4382:Psychosocial hazard
4362:Occupational hazard
4227:Flock worker's lung
3907:Event tree analysis
3902:Fault tree analysis
3888:Root cause analysis
3867:Toxicity assessment
3809:Exposure assessment
3779:Disaster management
3706:Incident management
3689:Security management
3382:Psychosocial hazard
3365:Reputational damage
3062:"Ergonomic hazards"
2897:Servsafe Essentials
2636:2017ESRv..166..246G
2250:Annex VII: Glossary
1880:Psychosocial hazard
1874:Psychosocial hazard
1839:occupational hazard
1824:Occupational hazard
1714:Exposure assessment
1610:Occupational hazard
1582:of the lower back,
1541:for health hazards.
1373:Parkinson's disease
1371:has been linked to
1235:Roundup ready crops
1199:foodborne illnesses
1108:Waterborne diseases
1042:Socionatural hazard
980:structural collapse
972:Engineering hazards
841:Transport accidents
645:tropical depression
494:natural environment
393:natural environment
131:transport accidents
6443:Doomsday scenarios
6009:Beast of the Earth
5901:Book of Revelation
5689:Virtual black hole
5669:False vacuum decay
5619:Pollinator decline
5582:Biological warfare
5572:Biotechnology risk
5423:Resource depletion
4825:Indoor air quality
4729:Diving regulations
4646:Hazard elimination
4465:Safety engineering
3989:Risk–benefit ratio
3791:Swiss cheese model
3752:Risk communication
3660:Disease management
3534:Exchange rate risk
3529:Interest rate risk
2723:2008-06-02 at the
2145:
2083:
1992:transport accident
1958:Property insurance
1915:
1847:biological hazards
1836:
1543:
1492:fire extinguishers
1469:
1132:By physical nature
1102:evapotranspiration
915:telecommunications
879:Chemical accidents
857:aviation accidents
845:traffic collisions
775:
742:nuclear explosions
681:
674:Hayward Fault Zone
525:intentional floods
36:
6453:
6452:
6284:Zombie apocalypse
6185:Postmillennialism
5980:Great Tribulation
5753:Stellar collision
5714:Near-Earth object
5664:Geomagnetic storm
5632:
5631:
5555:Biodiversity loss
5539:Genetic pollution
5493:
5492:
5282:Biodiversity loss
5245:Societal collapse
5223:Nuclear holocaust
5208:Economic collapse
5191:Doomsday argument
5109:Antimatter weapon
4962:
4961:
4875:Safety data sheet
4688:Operations manual
4569:Bangladesh Accord
4557:
4556:
4367:Biological hazard
4065:
4064:
3878:Scenario analysis
3819:Scenario planning
3774:Crisis management
3655:Stress management
3602:
3601:
3495:Reputational risk
3298:Media related to
3242:978-0-07-148244-8
3215:978-0-415-01217-1
2286:978-0-415-01217-1
1972:Cultural property
1967:Cultural property
1809:
1808:
1600:repetitive motion
1525:By type of damage
1496:sprinkler systems
1195:biological toxins
1143:Biological hazard
1137:Biological hazard
1100:result in higher
874:nuclear accidents
862:Nuclear materials
831:national security
732:can sometimes be
704:land use planning
514:built environment
498:Natural disasters
399:in a given area.
389:built environment
276:of a community."
181:mechanical energy
119:volcanic activity
115:lightning strikes
111:tropical cyclones
91:natural disasters
6473:
6418:
6417:
6409:World portal
6407:
6406:
6368:Financial crisis
6197:Nibiru cataclysm
6175:Premillennialism
6019:Dhul-Suwayqatayn
5987:Son of perdition
5975:Olivet Discourse
5951:Whore of Babylon
5577:Biological agent
5524:Human extinction
5514:Extinction event
5502:
5473:Overexploitation
5403:Land consumption
5398:Land degradation
5265:
5127:Micro black hole
5035:Chemical warfare
4989:
4982:
4975:
4966:
4950:
4949:
4921:
4920:
4616:Contingency plan
4611:Code of practice
4483:
4277:Metal fume fever
4092:
4085:
4078:
4069:
4057:Opportunity cost
4006:Related concepts
3939:Bow tie analysis
3824:Contingency plan
3650:Health insurance
3638:Internal control
3479:Operational risk
3394:Natural disaster
3348:
3330:
3323:
3316:
3307:
3297:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3201:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3181:on 3 August 2020
3177:. Archived from
3167:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3145:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3118:. Archived from
3108:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3084:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3031:
3025:
3014:
3008:
3007:
2997:
2965:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2948:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2920:
2910:
2901:
2900:
2892:
2886:
2875:
2869:
2862:Chapter 4: Water
2858:
2849:
2848:
2830:
2821:
2810:
2804:
2799:
2793:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2776:
2770:. Archived from
2769:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2733:
2727:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2593:
2580:
2579:
2567:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2507:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2474:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2456:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2354:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2329:hazards.fema.gov
2321:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2272:
2257:
2246:
2240:
2229:
2220:
2209:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2184:hazards.fema.gov
2176:
2004:natural disaster
1855:physical hazards
1843:chemical hazards
1801:
1794:
1787:
1753:Connected topics
1621:
1614:
1566:Ergonomic hazard
1560:Ergonomic hazard
1207:Escherichia coli
1191:venomous animals
1016:financial crises
957:Compressed gases
885:Mining accidents
744:, excavation of
639:hazard exists".
625:Extraterrestrial
508:, volcanoes and
484:Natural disaster
473:By causing actor
266:natural disaster
32:hazard pictogram
6481:
6480:
6476:
6475:
6474:
6472:
6471:
6470:
6456:
6455:
6454:
6449:
6428:Future problems
6401:
6392:
6326:
6295:
6262:Climate fiction
6228:
6103:2012 phenomenon
6086:
5992:Sheep and Goats
5879:2 Thessalonians
5757:
5674:Gamma-ray burst
5628:
5543:
5534:Genetic erosion
5489:
5459:
5450:Water pollution
5418:Ozone depletion
5314:Desertification
5254:
5169:
5104:Doomsday device
5084:Nuclear warfare
5023:
4998:
4993:
4963:
4958:
4909:
4890:Toxic workplace
4870:Risk management
4763:
4717:
4698:Risk assessment
4594:
4553:
4507:
4478:
4469:
4423:
4377:Physical hazard
4372:Chemical hazard
4353:
4346:
4111:
4108:
4101:
4096:
4066:
4061:
4045:Problem solving
4001:
3954:Markov analysis
3814:Hazard analysis
3801:Risk assessment
3795:
3730:Diversification
3608:Countermeasures
3598:
3567:
3413:Technology risk
3339:
3337:Risk management
3334:
3290:
3285:
3284:
3275:
3273:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3247:
3245:
3243:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3216:
3203:
3202:
3195:
3184:
3182:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3154:
3152:
3143:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3125:
3123:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3096:
3094:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3071:
3069:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3044:
3042:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3015:
3011:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2929:
2912:
2911:
2904:
2899:(5th ed.).
2894:
2893:
2889:
2876:
2872:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2832:
2831:
2824:
2811:
2807:
2786:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2767:
2765:"Archived copy"
2763:
2761:
2757:
2750:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2725:Wayback Machine
2716:
2712:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2671:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2602:
2600:
2595:
2594:
2583:
2576:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2547:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2520:
2518:
2509:
2508:
2495:
2486:
2484:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2395:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2369:
2356:
2355:
2342:
2333:
2331:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2309:
2307:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2287:
2274:
2273:
2260:
2247:
2243:
2230:
2223:
2210:
2201:
2192:
2190:
2178:
2177:
2170:
2165:
2152:
2147:
2146:
2125:
2117:
2090:Hazard analysis
2068:
2057:, incident, or
2024:
1969:
1964:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1941:ground fissures
1933:water pollution
1899:
1891:
1882:
1876:
1871:
1870:
1827:
1819:
1813:Control banding
1805:
1776:
1656:
1612:
1568:
1562:
1553:
1532:
1527:
1504:
1488:emergency exits
1458:
1452:
1447:
1441:
1430:
1424:
1320:
1318:Chemical hazard
1314:
1312:Chemical hazard
1216:are well known
1145:
1139:
1134:
1119:loss and damage
1078:climatic hazard
1070:
1064:
1044:
1028:
1012:crowd accidents
1000:civil disorders
996:
994:Societal hazard
984:bridge failures
919:Internet outage
907:energy industry
890:Space accidents
807:
795:
790:
789:
778:volcanic hazard
766:
763:Volcanic hazard
758:
756:Volcanic hazard
738:injection wells
716:
715:
665:
657:
486:
480:
475:
444:desertification
420:
418:Classifications
360:risk assessment
346:
338:Main articles:
336:
247:
239:Main articles:
237:
232:
213:risk management
193:
177:chemical energy
162:loss and damage
89:). Examples of
71:physical nature
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6479:
6477:
6469:
6468:
6458:
6457:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6447:
6446:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6423:Apocalypticism
6412:
6397:
6394:
6393:
6391:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6334:
6332:
6328:
6327:
6325:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6303:
6301:
6297:
6296:
6294:
6293:
6292:
6291:
6281:
6276:
6275:
6274:
6267:Disaster films
6264:
6259:
6258:
6257:
6252:
6242:
6240:Alien invasion
6236:
6234:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6209:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6188:
6187:
6182:
6180:Amillennialism
6177:
6167:
6165:Millenarianism
6162:
6161:
6160:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6118:Apocalypticism
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6094:
6092:
6088:
6087:
6085:
6084:
6083:
6082:
6072:
6067:
6066:
6065:
6064:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6043:
6042:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6014:Dhu al-Qarnayn
6011:
6006:
5996:
5995:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5983:
5982:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5960:Great Apostasy
5957:
5956:
5955:
5954:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5898:
5893:
5892:
5891:
5886:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5860:
5859:
5849:
5839:
5834:
5833:
5832:
5827:
5817:
5807:
5805:Last Judgement
5802:
5801:
5800:
5795:
5785:
5784:
5783:
5778:
5767:
5765:
5763:Eschatological
5759:
5758:
5756:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5729:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5717:
5716:
5706:
5701:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5640:
5638:
5634:
5633:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5590:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5569:
5568:
5567:
5562:
5551:
5549:
5545:
5544:
5542:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5510:
5508:
5499:
5495:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5488:
5487:
5486:
5485:
5478:Overpopulation
5475:
5469:
5467:
5461:
5460:
5458:
5457:
5455:Water scarcity
5452:
5447:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5430:
5428:Sea level rise
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5394:
5393:
5391:on marine life
5388:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5346:Global warming
5343:
5338:
5336:Global dimming
5333:
5328:
5327:
5326:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5294:Cascade effect
5291:
5290:
5289:
5279:
5273:
5271:
5269:Climate change
5262:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5241:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5198:
5188:
5183:
5177:
5175:
5171:
5170:
5168:
5167:
5162:
5161:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5129:
5119:
5113:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5099:Doomsday Clock
5096:
5091:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5052:
5050:Cyberterrorism
5047:
5037:
5031:
5029:
5025:
5024:
5022:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5009:
5003:
5000:
4999:
4994:
4992:
4991:
4984:
4977:
4969:
4960:
4959:
4957:
4956:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4914:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4880:Source control
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4855:Process safety
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4815:Health physics
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4771:
4769:
4765:
4764:
4762:
4761:
4756:
4746:
4736:
4731:
4725:
4723:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4703:Safety culture
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4683:Permit To Work
4680:
4678:Lockout-tagout
4675:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4602:
4600:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4592:
4587:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4545:
4540:
4534:
4528:
4522:
4515:
4513:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4489:
4487:
4480:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4358:
4356:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4344:
4342:Writer's cramp
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4297:Pneumoconiosis
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4262:Lead poisoning
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4237:Golfer's elbow
4234:
4229:
4224:
4222:Fiddler's neck
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4177:Chronic stress
4174:
4169:
4164:
4162:Cardiovascular
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4118:
4116:
4103:
4102:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4087:
4080:
4072:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4053:
4052:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4009:
4007:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3930:
3925:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3869:
3864:
3858:
3852:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3805:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3757:Warning system
3749:
3744:
3743:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3664:
3663:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3612:
3610:
3604:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3575:
3573:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3560:
3557:Strategic risk
3553:
3552:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3524:Liquidity risk
3521:
3513:Financial risk
3509:
3508:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3485:Execution risk
3475:
3474:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3453:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3441:
3427:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3406:Political risk
3398:
3397:
3396:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3359:Business risks
3354:
3352:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3289:
3288:External links
3286:
3283:
3282:
3255:
3241:
3221:
3214:
3193:
3162:
3132:
3103:
3079:
3052:
3026:
3009:
2980:(4): 621–632.
2960:
2934:
2927:
2902:
2887:
2870:
2850:
2843:
2822:
2805:
2755:
2748:
2728:
2710:
2696:
2676:
2669:
2651:
2610:
2581:
2574:
2552:
2545:
2527:
2493:
2469:
2427:
2416:(4): 223–228.
2400:
2393:
2374:
2367:
2340:
2316:
2292:
2285:
2258:
2241:
2221:
2199:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2151:
2148:
2126:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2044:
2038:
2023:
2020:
1968:
1965:
1962:Property crime
1953:
1950:
1900:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1878:Main article:
1875:
1872:
1849:(biohazards),
1828:
1820:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1767:Source control
1764:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1703:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1665:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1611:
1608:
1574:, such as the
1564:Main article:
1561:
1558:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1507:Kinetic energy
1503:
1502:Kinetic hazard
1500:
1451:
1448:
1440:
1437:
1423:
1420:
1395:Organohalogens
1381:nervous system
1316:Main article:
1313:
1310:
1222:microorganisms
1187:animal attacks
1159:microorganisms
1141:Main article:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1094:sea level rise
1082:climate change
1074:climate hazard
1063:
1062:Climate hazard
1060:
1056:climate change
1043:
1040:
1027:
1026:Waste disposal
1024:
995:
992:
949:
948:
942:
931:transportation
892:
887:
882:
876:
870:nuclear weapon
859:
853:rail accidents
806:
803:
794:
791:
767:
759:
757:
754:
700:building codes
684:seismic hazard
666:
662:Seismic hazard
658:
656:
655:Seismic hazard
653:
636:
635:
627:hazards, e.g.
622:
621:
620:
602:
589:
578:
538:hazards, e.g.
532:Meteorological
482:Main article:
479:
478:Natural hazard
476:
474:
471:
470:
469:
466:Predictability
463:
460:
457:
454:
419:
416:
415:
414:
411:
408:
371:water security
335:
332:
236:
233:
231:
228:
198:infrastructure
192:
189:
185:thermal energy
154:sea level rise
150:global warming
146:climate change
142:climate hazard
83:type of damage
61:(for example,
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6478:
6467:
6464:
6463:
6461:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6438:Risk analysis
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6420:
6413:
6411:
6410:
6405:
6399:
6398:
6395:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6383:Social crisis
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6335:
6333:
6329:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6302:
6300:Organizations
6298:
6290:
6287:
6286:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6247:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6237:
6235:
6231:
6225:
6224:World to come
6222:
6220:
6217:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6204:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6171:
6170:Millennialism
6168:
6166:
6163:
6159:
6158:Messianic Age
6156:
6155:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6143:Gog and Magog
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6133:Earth Changes
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6095:
6093:
6089:
6081:
6078:
6077:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6048:
6047:
6044:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6001:
6000:
5997:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5970:New Jerusalem
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5946:War in Heaven
5944:
5942:
5941:Two witnesses
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5904:
5903:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5881:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5858:
5855:
5854:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5822:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5812:
5811:
5810:Second Coming
5808:
5806:
5803:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5790:
5789:
5786:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5773:
5772:
5769:
5768:
5766:
5764:
5760:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5715:
5712:
5711:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5641:
5639:
5635:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5574:
5573:
5570:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5550:
5546:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5511:
5509:
5507:
5503:
5500:
5496:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5468:
5466:
5462:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5383:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5325:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5309:Deforestation
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5270:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5257:
5251:
5250:World War III
5248:
5246:
5243:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5225:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5172:
5166:
5165:Transhumanism
5163:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5144:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5124:
5123:
5120:
5117:
5114:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5078:
5075:
5074:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5028:Technological
5026:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5004:
5001:
4997:
4990:
4985:
4983:
4978:
4976:
4971:
4970:
4967:
4955:
4954:
4945:
4941:
4940:Organizations
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4860:Public health
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4766:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4753:United States
4750:
4747:
4744:
4743:United States
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4720:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4643:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4621:Diving safety
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4597:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4560:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4538:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4510:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4486:International
4484:
4481:
4479:organizations
4476:
4472:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4426:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4352:Occupational
4349:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4322:Sports injury
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4267:Low back pain
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4217:Farmer's lung
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4115:
4110:
4107:Occupational
4104:
4100:
4093:
4088:
4086:
4081:
4079:
4074:
4073:
4070:
4058:
4055:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4030:Risk appetite
4028:
4026:
4023:
4019:
4018:ISO/IEC 31010
4016:
4015:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4004:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3928:Decision tree
3926:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3839:Delphi method
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3829:Brainstorming
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3646:
3643:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3595:
3594:Vulnerability
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3564:
3563:Residual risk
3561:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3549:Systemic risk
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3456:Security risk
3454:
3452:
3451:Safety hazard
3449:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3434:External risk
3431:
3428:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3399:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3372:Personal risk
3370:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3331:
3326:
3324:
3319:
3317:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3301:
3296:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3272:
3271:
3265:
3259:
3256:
3244:
3238:
3234:
3233:
3225:
3222:
3217:
3211:
3207:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3166:
3163:
3151:
3150:
3142:
3136:
3133:
3122:on 2019-06-09
3121:
3117:
3113:
3107:
3104:
3093:
3089:
3088:"About NIOSH"
3083:
3080:
3067:
3063:
3056:
3053:
3040:
3036:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3010:
3005:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2974:Mol Pharmacol
2971:
2964:
2961:
2945:
2938:
2935:
2930:
2928:0-618-14372-6
2924:
2919:
2918:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2898:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2874:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2844:0-85295-297-X
2840:
2836:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2813:Bruce A. Bolt
2809:
2806:
2803:
2797:
2791:
2777:on 2012-03-30
2773:
2766:
2759:
2756:
2751:
2749:9780784406236
2745:
2741:
2740:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2714:
2711:
2699:
2697:9781108425056
2693:
2689:
2688:
2680:
2677:
2672:
2670:9780415012171
2666:
2662:
2655:
2652:
2646:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2614:
2611:
2598:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2577:
2575:9780802032812
2571:
2566:
2565:
2556:
2553:
2548:
2546:9780340742204
2542:
2538:
2531:
2528:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2462:
2455:
2450:
2447:(5): 053002.
2446:
2442:
2438:
2431:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2404:
2401:
2396:
2394:0-19-521695-4
2390:
2386:
2378:
2375:
2370:
2368:0-19-521695-4
2364:
2360:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2330:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2278:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2162:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2142:
2138:
2137:lethal danger
2134:
2130:
2123:
2122:Hazard symbol
2115:Hazard symbol
2114:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2065:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1937:air pollution
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1908:international
1904:
1897:
1888:
1886:
1881:
1873:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1832:
1825:
1818:
1814:
1802:
1797:
1795:
1790:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1762:NIOSH ratings
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1653:
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1648:
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1640:
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1624:
1620:
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1609:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1559:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1540:
1536:
1530:Health hazard
1529:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1449:
1446:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1377:sulfuric acid
1374:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1284:
1283:Campylobacter
1280:. Pathogenic
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1246:microorganism
1242:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1144:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1103:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
993:
991:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
967:
963:
958:
954:
946:
943:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
911:power outages
908:
904:
901:
900:cybersecurity
897:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
880:
877:
875:
871:
867:
863:
860:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
839:
838:
837:
834:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
804:
802:
800:
792:
787:
783:
779:
771:
764:
755:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
726:
724:
720:
713:
712:deterministic
709:
708:probabilistic
705:
701:
697:
693:
692:ground motion
689:
685:
679:
675:
670:
663:
654:
652:
650:
646:
640:
634:
630:
626:
623:
618:
614:
610:
606:
603:
601:
597:
593:
590:
588:
585:
584:
582:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
530:
529:
528:
526:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
485:
477:
472:
467:
464:
461:
458:
455:
452:
451:
450:
447:
446:and drought.
445:
441:
435:
433:
428:
424:
417:
412:
409:
406:
405:
404:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
376:
375:water quality
372:
368:
367:vulnerability
363:
361:
357:
356:
351:
345:
344:Vulnerability
341:
333:
331:
327:
325:
321:
317:
316:deforestation
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
284:
282:
277:
275:
274:vulnerability
271:
267:
262:
260:
256:
252:
246:
242:
234:
229:
227:
225:
224:vulnerability
221:
216:
214:
209:
205:
203:
199:
190:
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
165:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
67:anthropogenic
64:
60:
59:causing actor
55:
53:
49:
45:
41:
33:
28:
22:
6400:
6343:Cyberwarfare
6061:Third Temple
5916:Lake of fire
5726:Rogue planet
5694:Impact event
5684:Proton decay
5637:Astronomical
5587:Bioterrorism
5433:Supervolcano
5331:Flood basalt
5277:Anoxic event
5186:Collapsology
5174:Sociological
5045:Cyberwarfare
4951:
4922:
4749:Right to sit
4739:Potty parity
4635:
4332:Tennis elbow
4327:Surfer's ear
4272:Mesothelioma
4242:Hearing loss
3722:
3674:Supply chain
3666:
3644:
3615:
3578:
3555:
3511:
3500:Country risk
3477:
3455:
3439:Extreme risk
3389:Natural risk
3371:
3357:
3274:. Retrieved
3267:
3258:
3246:. Retrieved
3231:
3224:
3205:
3183:. Retrieved
3179:the original
3174:
3165:
3153:. Retrieved
3147:
3135:
3124:. Retrieved
3120:the original
3115:
3112:"About OSHA"
3106:
3095:. Retrieved
3091:
3082:
3070:. Retrieved
3065:
3055:
3043:. Retrieved
3038:
3029:
3020:
3012:
2977:
2973:
2963:
2951:. Retrieved
2937:
2916:
2896:
2890:
2873:
2834:
2816:
2808:
2779:. Retrieved
2772:the original
2758:
2738:
2731:
2713:
2701:. Retrieved
2686:
2679:
2660:
2654:
2627:
2623:
2613:
2601:. Retrieved
2563:
2555:
2536:
2530:
2519:. Retrieved
2517:. 2007-08-30
2514:
2485:. Retrieved
2481:
2472:
2444:
2440:
2430:
2413:
2410:Food Control
2409:
2403:
2384:
2377:
2358:
2332:. Retrieved
2328:
2319:
2308:. Retrieved
2304:
2295:
2276:
2248:IPCC, 2021:
2244:
2191:. Retrieved
2183:
2156:Moral hazard
2084:
2078:
2046:
2040:
2030:
2025:
1970:
1883:
1676:Substitution
1652:Psychosocial
1569:
1554:
1505:
1485:
1470:
1431:
1393:
1362:
1345:
1338:
1325:iodised salt
1321:
1306:urbanization
1287:
1281:
1243:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1153:
1146:
1123:
1114:
1112:
1106:
1098:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1047:
1045:
1032:waste stream
1029:
997:
988:dam failures
970:
950:
939:water supply
835:
808:
796:
727:
717:
641:
637:
633:impact event
613:mass wasting
536:hydrological
522:
487:
468:of the event
448:
436:
429:
425:
421:
403:hazard are:
401:
379:
364:
353:
349:
347:
328:
285:
278:
265:
263:
248:
217:
210:
206:
194:
166:
157:
141:
139:
82:
70:
58:
56:
47:
39:
37:
6419:Categories
6388:Survivalism
6075:Zoroastrian
5931:Seven seals
5926:Seven bowls
5852:Historicism
5748:Solar flare
5624:Overfishing
5599:Defaunation
5386:coral reefs
5148:AI takeover
5067:Nanoweapons
5055:Cybergeddon
5040:Cyberattack
4785:Drug policy
4722:Legislation
4428:Professions
4252:Indium lung
4147:Brucellosis
4142:Berylliosis
4040:Rare events
3979:Risk Matrix
3589:Uncertainty
3572:Risk source
3544:Profit risk
3539:Market risk
3519:Credit risk
3377:Health risk
3155:October 15,
2703:January 14,
2630:: 246–269.
2000:human error
1671:Elimination
1602:, and poor
1473:fire safety
1471:Threats to
1450:Fire hazard
935:food supply
817:(including
730:earthquakes
629:solar storm
502:earthquakes
302:, disease,
253:is that an
107:earthquakes
6348:Depression
6338:Ransomware
6153:Messianism
6123:Armageddon
6108:Apocalypse
5896:Antichrist
5884:Man of sin
5781:Three Ages
5644:Big Crunch
5506:Extinction
5498:Biological
5260:Ecological
5132:Strangelet
4885:Toxic tort
4835:Job strain
4805:Ergonomics
4780:Break room
4302:Radium jaw
4292:Phossy jaw
4167:Chalicosis
4137:Barotrauma
4127:Asbestosis
4035:Hazard map
3974:Risk index
3505:Legal risk
3490:Model risk
3430:Macro risk
3276:2017-01-31
3126:2016-06-24
3097:2016-06-24
2781:2011-10-06
2521:2024-03-15
2487:2022-07-09
2334:2022-06-08
2310:2023-05-24
2193:2022-06-08
2163:References
1996:water leak
1956:See also:
1929:oil spills
1925:ecosystems
1811:See also:
1647:Biological
1545:See also:
1443:See also:
1426:See also:
1357:pesticides
1302:sanitation
1289:Salmonella
1237:). The US
1213:Salmonella
1161:, such as
1156:pathogenic
1149:biological
1117:(see also
1066:See also:
923:healthcare
898:, such as
815:technology
750:reservoirs
688:earthquake
587:Earthquake
581:Geological
560:rogue wave
385:likelihood
348:The terms
304:rail crash
261:disaster.
255:earthquake
202:ecosystems
191:Definition
160:(see also
135:explosions
75:biological
6233:Fictional
6080:Saoshyant
5965:New Earth
5936:The Beast
5869:Preterism
5842:Christian
5798:Kali Yuga
5743:Micronova
5738:Hypernova
5604:Dysgenics
5445:Verneshot
5351:Hypercane
5094:Dead Hand
4606:Checklist
4574:ISO 45001
4562:Standards
4312:Silicosis
4122:Acrodynia
4013:ISO 31000
3895:(FMEA) /
3844:Checklist
3769:Insurance
3740:Risk pool
3351:Risk type
3185:23 August
3045:23 August
2953:23 August
2055:emergency
2035:landslide
2022:By status
2016:pollution
1980:vandalism
1911:pictogram
1596:vibration
1592:Ergonomic
1580:ligaments
1519:vibration
1466:Zaca Fire
1266:parasites
1218:pathogens
1179:parasites
1175:pandemics
1171:epidemics
1090:wildfires
1072:The term
947:accidents
617:landslide
596:lava flow
592:Volcanism
576:heat wave
572:cold wave
552:sandstorm
540:lightning
518:Red Cross
490:phenomena
324:chemicals
308:car crash
140:The term
123:wildfires
6460:Category
6373:Pandemic
6358:Epidemic
6353:Droughts
6207:Prewrath
6138:End time
6004:Al-Qa'im
5889:Katechon
5874:2 Esdras
5864:Idealism
5847:Futurism
5776:Maitreya
5771:Buddhist
5614:Pandemic
5062:Gray goo
4935:Journals
4924:Category
4850:Overwork
4768:See also
4521:(Canada)
4512:National
4475:Agencies
4337:Tinnitus
4207:Erethism
4114:injuries
4109:diseases
4050:Security
3969:FN curve
3584:Conflict
3471:Accident
3004:20097775
2790:cite web
2721:Archived
2150:See also
2059:disaster
2051:accident
1952:Property
1642:Chemical
1637:Physical
1604:lighting
1399:halogens
1389:nicotine
1369:dieldrin
1351:and the
1331:, while
1323:produce
1274:bacteria
1167:bacteria
1036:landfill
1008:violence
976:building
964:and the
953:air bags
782:volcanic
719:Tsunamis
600:ash fall
583:hazards
500:such as
442:such as
397:disaster
270:disaster
251:disaster
241:Disaster
235:Disaster
103:droughts
81:) or by
79:chemical
48:incident
6466:Hazards
6433:Hazards
6331:General
6202:Rapture
6051:Messiah
6039:Sufyani
6029:Israfil
5999:Islamic
5837:Messiah
5815:1 Enoch
5649:Big Rip
5361:Ecocide
5356:Ice age
4953:Commons
4533:(Spain)
4527:(Italy)
4354:hygiene
4152:Burnout
3874:(SWIFT)
3863:(HACCP)
3857:(HAZOP)
3684:Quality
3679:Project
3418:IT risk
3300:Hazards
3248:10 July
3066:Comcare
3060:Staff.
3019:at the
2995:2847769
2815:at the
2632:Bibcode
2031:Dormant
1988:looting
1867:EU-OSHA
1584:tendons
1576:muscles
1547:Disease
1515:falling
1407:Dioxins
1385:alcohol
1341:arsenic
1298:cooking
1294:storing
1262:viruses
1231:Bt corn
1163:viruses
927:banking
903:threats
823:economy
811:failure
734:induced
609:erosion
605:Surface
564:tsunami
510:tsunami
312:tornado
292:drought
288:volcano
279:The US
169:physics
95:society
63:natural
6363:Famine
6289:Zombie
6091:Others
6046:Jewish
6024:Dajjal
5906:Events
5820:Daniel
5721:winter
5548:Others
5438:winter
5238:winter
5233:famine
5228:cobalt
4636:Hazard
4599:Safety
4132:Asthma
3998:(MCDA)
3924:(LOPA)
3579:Hazard
3466:Threat
3239:
3212:
3072:5 June
3017:Hazard
3002:
2992:
2925:
2881:. In:
2864:. In:
2841:
2746:
2694:
2667:
2603:19 May
2572:
2543:
2391:
2365:
2283:
2235:. In:
2215:. In:
2047:Active
1943:, and
1921:biomes
1853:, and
1588:nerves
1551:Injury
1481:escape
1333:iodine
1329:goitre
1296:, and
1278:toxins
1258:health
917:(e.g.
909:(e.g.
827:health
615:(e.g.
506:floods
391:, the
350:hazard
300:plague
296:famine
173:energy
99:floods
73:(e.g.
69:), by
40:hazard
6378:Riots
6070:Norse
6034:Mahdi
5793:Kalki
5788:Hindu
5118:(EMP)
4775:Break
3935:(HRA)
3897:FMECA
3851:(PHA)
3735:Hedge
3268:U.S.
3144:(PDF)
2947:(PDF)
2775:(PDF)
2768:(PDF)
2252:. In
2041:Armed
2012:pests
1984:theft
1727:Study
1517:, or
1511:noise
1415:Freon
1270:fungi
1254:toxin
1250:virus
1183:pests
748:, or
746:mines
548:flood
544:storm
4586:(US)
4550:(US)
4539:(UK)
4477:and
4112:and
4025:COSO
3250:2010
3237:ISBN
3210:ISBN
3187:2017
3157:2021
3074:2017
3047:2011
3000:PMID
2955:2017
2923:ISBN
2917:Risk
2839:ISBN
2796:link
2744:ISBN
2705:2021
2692:ISBN
2665:ISBN
2605:2024
2570:ISBN
2541:ISBN
2389:ISBN
2363:ISBN
2281:ISBN
2188:FEMA
2008:fire
1960:and
1906:The
1815:and
1549:and
1477:fire
1403:PCBs
1387:and
1286:and
1233:and
1210:and
1197:and
1165:and
1054:and
829:and
786:risk
696:risk
611:and
598:and
568:snow
534:and
430:The
381:Risk
355:risk
352:and
342:and
340:Risk
243:and
121:and
97:are
52:risk
44:harm
3633:GRC
2990:PMC
2982:doi
2640:doi
2628:166
2449:doi
2418:doi
1976:war
1923:or
1837:An
1586:or
1578:or
1494:or
1411:DDT
1365:DDT
1252:or
1177:,
1076:or
1058:".
978:or
921:),
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556:fog
326:).
320:oil
183:or
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6462::
5141:/
3432:/
3423:AI
3266:.
3196:^
3173:.
3146:.
3114:.
3090:.
3064:.
3037:.
2998:.
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2788:{{
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