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1070:. As a figure of national and international prominence, the effects of his life have been felt at all levels of society, from the poor barrios that he fought to improve, to the highest echelons of government. The end of the 1950s desegregated Texan hotels, cinemas, and restaurants. Beauty parlors and barbershops were desegregated in the 1960s, with cemeteries and swimming pools not being opened to Mexican Americans until the 1970s.
582:. While recuperating, he heard the local superintendent of the school district talking about the racial segregation in his district. Southern states had established a binary system, classifying all people as mainly either black or white and segregating public facilities by race. At that moment, he made a private oath that, if he recovered, he would dedicate his life to gaining the equality of his people.
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677:, which had recruited migrant laborers during the war years and was known for discriminatory abuses. Dr. García testified before the National Advisory Committee on Farm Labor, asserting that "The migrant problem is not only a national emergency, it has become a national shame on the American conscience." This work brought him into contact with such national political figures as
470:. His father's professional credentials were not recognized in this new country, so he went into the dry goods business. Both parents instilled a love and respect for education in all of their children and expected them all to become medical doctors. García and five of his siblings—José Antonio García,
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In 1966, through the efforts of AGIF and other groups, the state legislature voted to repeal the Texas poll tax, which had been a barrier to voting by poor people. The forum also undertook a march on the Texas state capital to protest the low wages of
Mexican agricultural laborers. In 1967, President
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Upon completing his internship in 1942, García was called to active duty in the army, as the US had entered World War II. He was placed in command of a company of infantry. Later, he commanded a company of combat engineers before being transferred to the medical corps. He was stationed in Europe, and
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On March 26 of the same year, he called a meeting to address the concerns of
Mexican-American veterans. This meeting was a catalyst for developing AGIF, which soon had chapters in 40 Texas cities. It became the primary vehicle by which Mexican-American veterans expressed their discontent with the
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several times during the 1970s. In 1987, he became involved in the struggle against the campaign to designated
English as the only official language of the US; the rate of Hispanic and Latino immigration to the country had increased, bringing many new Spanish speakers. His final project was to
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in that close election. The civil rights agenda of AGIF, however, was not at the forefront of the
Kennedy administration's platform. Dr. García and his supporters had to accept his appointment in 1962 as representative of the US in mutual defense treaty talks with the
575:(LULAC) had been formed in the city seven years previously by Hispanic veterans to defend the rights of Hispanic-American citizens. García opened a private medical practice with his brother José Antonio; they treated all patients regardless of their ability to pay.
754:, the Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation of public schools was unconstitutional. LULAC and AGIF mounted litigation challenges in Texas to ensure that the ruling was applied to gain integrated education for Mexican-American citizens. They took cases to the
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In April 2010, the US House of
Representatives passed H.CON.RES.222, recognizing the leadership and historical contributions of Dr. Héctor García to the Hispanic community and his remarkable efforts to combat racial and ethnic discrimination in the US.
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In 1953, AGIF published its own study, "What Price
Wetbacks", on the issues related to farm labor in South Texas. They invited Senator Lyndon Johnson to speak at their statewide convention. In 1954, attorneys funded by AGIF and LULAC argued and won
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official discrimination against them and asserted their right to equality. They chose this name to emphasize that AGIF's participants were
American citizens entitled to their constitutional rights. Later, AGIF's patriotism would exempt them from
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court's first, threw out the plaintiff's murder conviction on the grounds that he had not had a jury of his peers. Court records showed that no one with a
Spanish surname had served on a jury in the county for 25 years. In
594:(VA). He helped veterans to obtain services from the VA since the administration was slow to respond to the Hispanic-American veterans' needs. In 1948, he began an investigation of conditions for migrant laborers in
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794:, Vice-president Lyndon B. Johnson succeeded to the presidency. He appointed García as Presidential Representative, with the rank of Special Ambassador, to the presidential inauguration ceremonies of Dr.
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AGIF became a recognized voice for
Mexican Americans in the post-World War II era. Besides providing veterans with a social and political network, AGIF took pragmatic actions: it raised funds to pay for
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Under Senate Bill 495, signed on May 30, 2009, by the governor of Texas, the state of Texas established the third
Wednesday of each September as "Dr. Hector P. Garcia Texas State Recognition Day".
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Representative of President John F. Kennedy and member of the American Delegation signing treaty concerning Mutual Defense Area Agreement between the US and the Federation of the West Indies, 1961
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reported on the case, it gained national attention, and AGIF was propelled to the forefront of the movement for civil rights. Following this incident, AGIF expanded into the states of
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Starting in 1968, Dr. García and other members of AGIF began accompanying families of fallen soldiers to the airport to collect their sons' bodies when they were returned from
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for youths. He graduated from a segregated high school in 1932. That year, he earned a commission from the CMTC with a rank equivalent to a second lieutenant in the US
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Dr. Garcia designated Corpus Christi State University as the institution to house his papers in the Special Collections and Archives Department of the Library, 1990
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nations. García made history on October 26 when he addressed the UN in Spanish; he was the first US representative to speak before the UN in a language other than
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in Corpus Christi, Texas, produced a documentary on him entitled "Justice for my People: The Dr. Hector P. Garcia Story". The program was broadcast nationally on
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790:. The appointment was notable as the first instance that a Mexican American had represented an American President, and talks were successful. After Kennedy
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1108:. In 1988, the main branch of the Corpus Christi post office was renamed in his honor. In 1996, a nine-foot (2.7 m) statue of him was dedicated at
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The US Army's Bronze Star Medal, the European African Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with six bronze stars, and the World War II Victory Medal, 1942–1946
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Johnson appointed Dr. García as alternate representative, with the full rank of Ambassador to the UN. He was tasked with improving US relations with
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30 miles (48 km) daily. His father had to cash in his life insurance policy to finance young García's education. In 1932, García entered the
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Appointed as presidential representative with the rank of Special Ambassador to the inauguration of Dr. Raul Leoni, President of Venezuela, 1964
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Many whites expressed opposition toward García and felt threatened by the work of AGIF. One hostile letter threatened García, comparing him to
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was denied, as the funeral director claimed that "the whites won't like it". Dr. García and AGIF intervened, petitioning freshman US Senator
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García also worked to bring national attention to the conditions of schools for children in South Texas. In 1950, he wrote a request to the
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Dr. Hector P. Garcia Memorial Family Health Center approved by Nueces County Commissioners and the Hospital District to be opened in 2016
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In 1947, García was elected president of the local chapter of LULAC. In the same year, he was hospitalized with life-threatening acute
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García died July 26, 1996, in Corpus Christi, Texas, at age 82. He was buried at Seaside Memorial Park in Corpus Christi. President
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Bronze bust of Dr. Héctor P. García was dedicated at the Dr. Hector P. Garcia Public Library, Mercedes, Texas, in January, 2012
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Dr. Hector P. Garcia Drive in Rancho Vista subdivision, Corpus Christi, Texas, unveiled by Braselton Homes, January 13, 2015
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Dr. García received numerous awards from various governments and other organizations during his lifetime. They include:
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As one of the early leaders of the Hispanic civil rights, García's activities foreshadowed much of the struggle of the
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After being discharged from the hospital, García began helping other Mexican-American veterans file claims with the
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1986:
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1085:, basing some of the incidents in the work on her interview. The book was later turned into a 1956 film starring
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598:. He found the impoverished workers to be ill-clothed, malnourished, and diseased from lack of basic sanitation.
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689:. The organization, and the attention it drew to poverty and discrimination in Texas, also got the attention of
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1981:
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Points of Light Monument Organization reveals its next recipient will be Dr. Héctor P. García, January 15, 2016
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interviewed García to get a sense of the Mexican American experience in Texas. She later wrote the 1952 novel
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Dr. Hector P. Garcia's Official 100th Birthday Celebration observed in Corpus Christi, Texas, January 17, 2014
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Garcia-Akers, Cecilia. "The Inspiring Life of Texan Hector P. Garcia". Charleston: The History Press (2016).
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Texas Historical Marker unveiled at Christus Spohn Memorial Hospital, Corpus Christi, Texas, February, 2014
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MAPA Award for outstanding service to Hispanics from the Mexican American Physicians' Association, 1990
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Texas Historical Marker unveiled at the Dr. Hector P. Garcia Public Library, Mercedes, Texas, in 2013
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Received the "Distinguished Alumnus Award" from the University of Texas Ex-Students Association, 1989
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Dr. García's image was placed on the US Treasury's $ 75 I Bond series honoring great Americans, 1999
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infiltration at a time when the agency accused many Mexican-American organizations of having
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The Coalition of Hispanic Health and Human Services Organization's Humanitarian Award, 1988
821:. He would often eulogize the soldier and never refused a request to speak at any funeral.
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District honored him with a plaque in recognition of his service to the war deceased, 1967
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as president. García is credited with delivering 85 percent of the Hispanic vote to the
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391:(AGIF). As a result of the national prominence he earned through his work on behalf of
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and the US Delegation for the signing of the Treaty of Tlatelolco in Mexico City, 1967
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for the indigent, so they did not have a barrier to voting. It campaigned against the
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The Midwest/Northeast Voter Registration Project's National Hispanic Hero Award, 1989
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Hector Garcia Place is a short street named after Dr. García, located in downtown
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Corpus Christi State University's first honorary doctorate of Humane Letters, 1991
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The Hector P. Garcia papers at the Bell Library of Texas A&M Corpus Christi
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The Distinguished Service Award from the National Office of Civil Rights, 1980
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National Coordinator and National Organizer of the "Viva Kennedy" clubs, 1960
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The Equestrian Order of Pope Gregory the Great from Pope John Paul II, 1990
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segregation in Corpus Christi school district. He consulted with President
543:, the European African Middle Eastern Medal with six bronze stars, and the
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Corpus Christi Human Relations Commission's Community Service Award, 1987
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For Community & Country: The Life and Legacy of Dr. Hector P. Garcia
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The Dr. Hector P. Garcia Middle School was established and dedicated in
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502:. He was one of the top five of his class. He went on to study at the
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422:, the nation's highest civilian honor, in 1984; and was named to the
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In 1985, the Dr. Héctor Pérez García Endowed Chair was created at
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was named the Dr. Hector P. Garcia Memorial Highway in April, 2008
718:. García also voiced his opposition to segregation of schools and
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for redress of the outrage. Johnson secured Longoria's burial in
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Mexican-American physician, surgeon, and WWII veteran (1914–1996)
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1323:"From American G. I. Forum letter to State Department of Health"
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Honor Al Merito Medalla Cura Jose Maria Morelos y Pavon A.D.P.E.
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Seaside Funeral Home & Memorial Park, Corpus Christi, Texas
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challenging the practices of independent school districts in
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The Dr. Hector P. Garcia Plaza and Statue were dedicated at
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A humanitarian award from the Corpus Christi chapter of the
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In the same year, President Johnson appointed García to the
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4 Daisy Wanda, Héctor, Jr, Adriana Cecilia, Susanna Patricia
1185:"Dr. Hector P. Garcia Middle School, San Antonio, TX 78255"
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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
434:, Mexico's highest award for foreigners, in a ceremony in
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The American GI Forum: In Pursuit of the Dream, 1948-1983
571:. Their first child, Daisy Wanda, was born in 1946. The
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Activists for Hispanic and Latino American civil rights
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In 1960, Dr. García became national coordinator of the
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and saying that Texans should "drive back to Mexico".
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HOUSE HONORS AMERICAN GI FORUM ON ITS 60th ANNIVERSARY
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Justice for my People: The Dr. Hector P. Garcia Story
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The Major Hector P. Garcia, MD High School opened in
399:, a Mexican American and AGIF charter member, to the
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Americans, he was instrumental in the appointment of
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1433:"Individual - What Paper I Savings Bonds Look Like"
1303:. Texas State Historical Association. June 12, 2010
888:, 1952, for his work with Mexican-American veterans
563:In 1945, with the war over, Dr. García returned to
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62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1454:Hector P. García: In Relentless Pursuit of Justice
458:, to José García and Faustina Pérez García, both
2403:List of Mexican-American political organizations
1116:'s $ 75 I Bond series honoring great Americans.
551:, he met and fell in love with Wanda Fusillo of
430:in 1990. In 1998, he was posthumously given the
695:. It published an article on the high rates of
1419:"Points of Light Monument in Washington, D.C."
1325:. The University of Texas Medical Branch. 2006
1155:"Vicente Ximenes - VOCES Oral History Project"
954:'s Hispanic Heritage Award in Leadership, 1989
630:. His body was returned to Texas in 1949. His
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8:
2464:United States Army personnel of World War II
973:' Distinguished Lifetime Service Award, 1990
971:National Association of Hispanic Journalists
2421:Category:American people of Mexican descent
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1073:In the realm of popular culture, in 1950,
913:Condecoracion, Orden Vasco Nunez de Balboa
144:
133:
2449:United States Army Medical Corps officers
1421:Dr. Hector P. Garcia Memorial Foundation.
1210:"The Early Years of Dr. Hector P. Garcia"
365:(January 17, 1914 – July 26, 1996) was a
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
2474:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
1548:Dr. Hector P. Garcia Memorial Foundation
828:. In 1972, Dr. García was arrested at a
634:'s request to use the funeral chapel in
573:League of United Latin American Citizens
2434:https://www.utmb.edu/drgarcia/world.htm
2373:U.S. communities with Hispanic majority
1757:Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts
1345:"Photogallery: Signs of Discrimination"
1146:
1112:. In 1999, his image was placed on the
1110:Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi
984:Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi
935:The Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1984
401:Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
2479:Mexican emigrants to the United States
1470:. Houston: Arte Publico Press (1998).
1456:. Houston: Arte Publico Press (2002).
1285:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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843:improve the standard of living in the
462:. His family fled the violence of the
2388:List of Hispanic and Latino Americans
1241:"Héctor P. García - Humanities Texas"
707:suffered by the neglected community.
7:
2398:List of Mexican-American communities
1823:1985–1987 Watsonville Cannery strike
1012:The Hector P. Garcia Middle School,
996:Hector P. Garcia Elementary School,
989:Hector P. Garcia Elementary School,
60:adding citations to reliable sources
2200:DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.
2144:Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co.
915:, with the rank of commander, 1965
504:University of Texas Medical Branch
478:(CMTC), a peacetime branch of the
347:Xicotencátl Pérez García (brother)
231:University of Texas Medical Branch
25:
2499:People from Corpus Christi, Texas
1508:American G.I. Forum of California
1503:American G.I. Forum National Site
567:with his wife Wanda, settling in
476:Citizens' Military Training Corps
344:Cuitláhuac Pérez García (brother)
2489:Knights of St. Gregory the Great
1992:Mexican-American women's fashion
1513:Hector P. Garcia: A Texas Legend
622:killed Mexican-American private
466:in 1917, legally immigrating to
36:
2459:American civil rights activists
2137:San Antonio I.S.D. v. Rodriguez
1528:A site about the treasury bonds
535:eventually rose to the rank of
446:García was born in the city of
293:
47:needs additional citations for
498:, graduating with a degree in
490:, to and from which he had to
424:Order of St. Gregory the Great
414:in 1967; was appointed to the
406:García was named as alternate
1:
1802:Occupation of Catalina Island
1777:Farm workers' rights campaign
1393:"Service, Awards, and Honors"
826:US Commission on Civil Rights
777:, organized to elect Senator
510:in 1940. He accomplished his
496:University of Texas at Austin
420:Presidential Medal of Freedom
416:US Commission on Civil Rights
387:advocate, and founder of the
335:José Antonio García (brother)
226:University of Texas at Austin
1395:. KEDT. 2009. Archived from
1347:. KEDT. 2009. Archived from
1212:. KEDT. 2009. Archived from
952:Hispanic Heritage Foundation
869:presented a eulogy for him.
350:Emilia García Garza (sister)
2504:People from Mercedes, Texas
2469:United States Army officers
1543:Dr. Hector P. Garcia Papers
900:Accompanied Vice-president
751:Brown v. Board of Education
743:. The decision, one of the
644:Arlington National Cemetery
555:, whom he married in 1945.
353:Dalia Perez García (sister)
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712:Texas Department of Health
545:World War II Victory Medal
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1987:Mexican-American folklore
1767:Plan Espiritual de Aztlán
664:AGIF in American politics
418:in 1968; was awarded the
143:
1982:Mexican-American cuisine
592:Veteran's Administration
432:Order of the Aztec Eagle
150:Héctor P. García in 1976
2172:Flores-Figueroa v. U.S.
2068:Coyolxauhqui imperative
1301:"Felix Longoria Affair"
1027:Texas State Highway 286
488:Edinburg Junior College
2151:U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce
1917:Anti-Mexican sentiment
1879:Killing of Adam Toledo
1862:Great American Boycott
1732:Centro de Arte Público
1375:Retrieved: 2010-03-31"
788:West Indies Federation
2186:Mendez v. Westminster
2123:Botiller v. Dominguez
2103:Youth control complex
1972:Estrada Courts murals
1833:2019 El Paso shooting
1811:Post-Chicano Movement
1772:Plan de Santa Bárbara
1727:Católicos por La Raza
941:, Mexico City, Mexico
775:Viva Kennedy Campaign
624:Felix Z. Longoria Jr.
614:Felix Z. Longoria Jr.
516:St. Joseph's Hospital
508:doctorate in medicine
486:. He began attending
472:Clotilde Pérez García
339:Clotilde Pérez García
321:Faustina Pérez García
2179:Leal Garcia v. Texas
1874:Justice for Janitors
1792:Los Siete de la Raza
1787:Colegio César Chávez
1679:Mexican Repatriation
1647:Pre-Chicano Movement
1381:on February 2, 2010.
1191:on December 6, 2012.
991:Grand Prairie, Texas
618:In 1945, a Japanese
520:Creighton University
236:Creighton University
56:improve this article
2002:New Mexican cuisine
1828:1992 Drywall Strike
1797:Los Seis de Boulder
1782:Land grant struggle
1699:Sleepy Lagoon trial
1452:García, Ignacio M.
1351:on October 29, 2003
1216:on December 5, 2002
756:Texas Supreme Court
363:Héctor Pérez García
138:Héctor Perez García
2210:By city and region
2130:Hernandez v. Texas
2093:Spiritual activism
1937:Chicano literature
1752:Chicano Moratorium
1659:Bisbee Deportation
1533:From the U.S. Army
1437:treasurydirect.gov
1036:, in October, 2009
1034:San Antonio, Texas
902:Hubert H. Humphrey
736:Hernandez v. Texas
722:in the classroom.
559:Life after the war
464:Mexican Revolution
397:Vicente T. Ximenes
71:"Héctor P. García"
2429:
2428:
2378:Mexican Americans
2326:Dallas–Fort Worth
2193:Bernal v. Fainter
2165:Medellín v. Texas
1694:Porvenir Massacre
1689:Plan de San Diego
1684:Operation Wetback
1518:Felix Z. Longoria
1121:public television
1021:Chicago, Illinois
886:Medalla al Merito
873:Honors and awards
851:Rio Grande Valley
640:Lyndon B. Johnson
541:Bronze Star Medal
428:Pope John Paul II
389:American GI Forum
360:
359:
275:American GI Forum
132:
131:
124:
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16:(Redirected from
2511:
2416:Category:Chicano
2346:Salt Lake Valley
2056:Chicana/o Theory
2027:Teatro Campesino
2017:Regional Mexican
2007:New Mexico music
1997:Mexican muralism
1884:Murder of Selena
1747:Chicano Blowouts
1742:Chicana feminism
1714:Chicano Movement
1608:Mexican American
1588:Mexican American
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1399:on April 8, 2003
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1016:, opened in 2007
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45:This article
43:
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19:
2393:Bibliography
2314:Philadelphia
2291:New Mexico (
2244:California (
2198:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2088:Rasquachismo
2042:Tortilla art
2032:Tejano music
1957:Chicano rock
1952:Chicano Park
1893:
1866:
1854:
1842:
1467:
1453:
1447:Bibliography
1436:
1427:
1413:
1401:. Retrieved
1397:the original
1387:
1379:the original
1372:
1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1349:the original
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1317:
1305:. Retrieved
1295:
1269:. Retrieved
1262:the original
1249:
1218:. Retrieved
1214:the original
1189:the original
1179:
1167:. Retrieved
1163:the original
1158:
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1103:
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867:Bill Clinton
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772:
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709:
705:tuberculosis
691:
667:
647:
636:Three Rivers
617:
610:sympathies.
600:
589:
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445:
405:
385:civil rights
378:World War II
362:
361:
190:(1996-07-26)
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
2494:1996 deaths
2484:1914 births
2246:Californios
2231:Los Angeles
1962:Chicano rap
1927:Chicano art
1889:Party crews
1850:Castro 2020
1838:Abolish ICE
1271:November 8,
1114:US Treasury
1095:Rock Hudson
1079:Edna Ferber
628:Philippines
547:. While in
530:Army career
526:, in 1942.
318:José García
245:Occupations
2443:Categories
2298:New York (
2284:Nebraska (
2277:Michigan (
2270:Maryland (
2258:Illinois (
2251:Colorado (
2227:California
1737:Chicanismo
1674:La Matanza
1669:Korean War
1159:utexas.edu
1142:References
1087:James Dean
853:along the
796:Raúl Leoni
768:Kingsville
697:diphtheria
671:poll taxes
654:New Mexico
452:Tamaulipas
442:Early life
174:Tamaulipas
162:1914-01-17
112:March 2018
82:newspapers
2272:Baltimore
2239:San Diego
2098:Vergüenza
2047:Zoot suit
2022:Skull art
1403:April 21,
1355:April 20,
1329:April 20,
1307:April 20,
1220:April 21,
1169:March 31,
1119:In 2002,
1023:, in 2008
800:Venezuela
716:epidemics
699:, infant
580:nephritis
512:residency
492:hitchhike
403:in 1966.
370:physician
329:Relatives
252:Physician
2306:Oklahoma
2216:Arizona
2078:Nepantla
1977:Lowrider
1633:Blaxican
1281:cite web
1123:station
918:The 8th
846:colonias
835:de facto
760:Driscoll
701:diarrhea
658:Colorado
484:infantry
393:Hispanic
341:(sister)
304:Children
262:activist
2383:Writers
2339:Tejanos
2337:Texas (
2331:Houston
2279:Detroit
2260:Chicago
1910:Culture
1623:Pachuco
1613:La Raza
1603:Chicano
1584:Chicano
1077:winner
884:AGIF's
849:in the
819:Vietnam
812:English
739:in the
626:in the
608:Marxist
500:zoology
480:US Army
410:to the
381:veteran
374:surgeon
312:Parents
298:
290:
257:surgeon
96:scholar
2344:Utah (
2266:Kansas
2253:Denver
2220:Tucson
1901:Xicanx
1818:Aztlán
1722:Aztlán
1638:Xicanx
1590:topics
1484:
1474:
1460:
1097:, and
1062:Legacy
986:, 1996
929:, 1969
909:Panama
840:Carter
830:sit-in
766:, and
745:Warren
703:, and
685:, and
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