2276:
1158:. For water-soluble polyphenols, molecular weights between 500 and 3000 were reported to be required for protein precipitation. However, smaller molecules might still have astringent qualities likely due to the formation of unprecipitated complexes with proteins or cross-linking of proteins with simple phenols that have 1,2-dihydroxy or 1,2,3-trihydroxy groups. Flavonoid configurations can also cause significant differences in sensory properties, e.g.
399:
337:
516:
207:
33:
481:
143:
614:
3623:"Scientific opinion on the modification of the authorisation of a health claim related to cocoa flavanols and maintenance of normal endothelium-dependent vasodilation pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 following a request in accordance with Article 19 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006"
1099:
The most important food sources are commodities widely consumed in large quantities such as fruit and vegetables, green tea, black tea, red wine, coffee, chocolate, olives, and extra virgin olive oil. Herbs and spices, nuts and algae are also potentially significant for supplying certain polyphenols.
1315:
from gastric, colorectal, breast and lung cancers. The study found that an increase in isoflavone consumption by 10 mg per day was associated with a 7% decrease in risk from all cancers, and an increase in consumption of soy protein by 5 grams per day produced a 12% reduction in breast cancer
4598:
Numerous cross-sectional studies have examined the association between total dietary iron intake and dietary modulators of iron absorption on biochemical markers of iron status ... These studies suffer from a number of limitations... Findings from cross-sectional studies assessing the effects of
4082:
Nachvak, Seyed
Mostafa; Moradi, Shima; Anjom-Shoae, Javad; et al. (September 2019). "Soy, Soy Isoflavones, and Protein Intake in Relation to Mortality from All Causes, Cancers, and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies".
586:
or use of ethanol in an immersion extractor. The extraction conditions (temperature, extraction time, ratio of solvent to raw material, particle size of the sample, solvent type, and solvent concentrations) for different raw materials and extraction methods have to be optimized.
1292:, followed by various studies through the 21st century of a possible effect on cardiovascular diseases. For most polyphenols, there is no evidence for an effect on cardiovascular regulation, although there are some reviews showing a minor effect of consuming polyphenols, such as
1100:
Some polyphenols are specific to particular food (flavanones in citrus fruit, isoflavones in soya, phloridzin in apples); whereas others, such as quercetin, are found in all plant products such as fruit, vegetables, cereals, leguminous plants, tea, and wine.
3680:"Scientific opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to polyphenols in olive and protection of LDL particles from oxidative damage (ID 1333, 1638, 1639, 1696, 2865), maintenance of normal blood HDL cholesterol concentrations (ID 1639), mainte"
378:
moieties (most in ellagic acid-type components), and more than 40 phenolic hydroxyl groups, meets the criteria of both definitions of a polyphenol. Other examples of compounds that fall under both the WBSSH and
Quideau definitions include the
3558:"Guidance for Industry: Food Labeling; Nutrient Content Claims; Definition for "High Potency" and Definition for "Antioxidant" for Use in Nutrient Content Claims for Dietary Supplements and Conventional Foods; Small Entity Compliance Guide"
1946:
Aizpurua-Olaizola O, Ormazabal M, Vallejo A, Olivares M, Navarro P, Etxebarria N, Usobiaga A (January 2015). "Optimization of supercritical fluid consecutive extractions of fatty acids and polyphenols from Vitis vinifera grape wastes".
698:. Where fluorescence of the molecules themselves is insufficient for visualization by light microscopy, DPBA (diphenylboric acid 2-aminoethyl ester, also referred to as Naturstoff reagent A) has traditionally been used, at least in
484:
The C-glucoside substructure of polyphenols is exemplified by the phenol-saccharide conjugate puerarin, a midmolecular-weight plant natural product. The attachment of the phenol to the saccharide is by a carbon-carbon bond. The
347:
composed of 14 gallic acid units around a core of three units of glucose, with two gallic acids as simple esters, and the remaining 12 appearing in 6 ellagic acid-type units. Ester, ether, and biaryl linkages are present, see
2402:
Roy MK, Koide M, Rao TP, Okubo T, Ogasawara Y, Juneja LR (March 2010). "ORAC and DPPH assay comparison to assess antioxidant capacity of tea infusions: relationship between total polyphenol and individual catechin content".
456:
from smaller polyphenols to non-hydrolyzable tannins and remain undiscovered in the plant matrix. Most polyphenols contain repeating phenolic moieties of pyrocatechol, resorcinol, pyrogallol, and phloroglucinol connected by
891:, found in virtually all families of plants. Larger polyphenols are often concentrated in leaf tissue, the epidermis, bark layers, flowers and fruits but also play important roles in the decomposition of forest litter, and
1499:
2491:
Meyer AS, Yi OS, Pearson DA, Waterhouse AL, Frankel EN (1997). "Inhibition of Human Low-Density
Lipoprotein Oxidation in Relation to Composition of Phenolic Antioxidants in Grapes (Vitis vinifera)".
895:
in forest ecology. Absolute concentrations of total phenols in plant tissues differ widely depending on the literature source, type of polyphenols and assay; they are in the range of 1â25% total
756:. During this reaction, the blue ABTS radical cation is converted back to its colorless neutral form. The reaction may be monitored spectrophotometrically. This assay is often referred to as the
2171:
Arranz S, Saura-Calixto F, Shaha S, Kroon PA (August 2009). "High contents of nonextractable polyphenols in fruits suggest that polyphenol contents of plant foods have been underestimated".
1837:
Owen RW, Haubner R, Hull WE, Erben G, Spiegelhalder B, Bartsch H, Haber B (December 2003). "Isolation and structure elucidation of the major individual polyphenols in carob fibre".
1817:
1258:
370:, a molecule at the core of naturally occurring phenolic compounds of varying sizes, is itself not a polyphenol by the WBSSH definition, but is by the Quideau definition. The
2088:
1216:
evidence exists to verify such a qualification and a
Dietary Reference Intake value has been established â characteristics which have not been determined for polyphenols.
594:
polyphenol (EPP) content of a fruit which may also contain non-extractable polyphenols. Black tea contains high amounts of polyphenol and makes up for 20% of its weight.
4521:
2017:
Alonso-Salces RM, Korta E, Barranco A, Berrueta LA, Gallo B, Vicente F (November 2001). "Pressurized liquid extraction for the determination of polyphenols in apple".
4186:"Effect of resveratrol supplementation on cognitive performance and mood in adults: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"
2446:
Pulido R, Bravo L, Saura-Calixto F (August 2000). "Antioxidant activity of dietary polyphenols as determined by a modified ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay".
448:, which allows for the possibility to rapidly diffuse across cell membranes so that they can reach intracellular sites of action or remain as pigments once the cell
7803:
2122:
1792:
MartĂn Santos MA, Bonilla
Venceslada JL, MartĂn MartĂn A, GarcĂa GarcĂa I (2005). "Estimating the selectivity of ozone in the removal of polyphenols from vinasse".
729:
measurements. Some tests are relatively specific to polyphenols (for instance the Porter's assay). Total phenols (or antioxidant effect) can be measured using the
2121:
Papoutsis, Konstantinos; Vuong, Quan; Golding, John; HasperuĂ©, JoaquĂn; Pristijono, Penta; Bowyer, Michael; Scarlett, Christopher; Stathopoulos, Costas (2018).
229:
Flavonoids include flavones, flavonols, flavanols, flavanones, isoflavones, proanthocyanidins, and anthocyanins. Particularly abundant flavanoids in foods are
4381:"Interaction of dietary polyphenols and gut microbiota: Microbial metabolism of polyphenols, influence on the gut microbiota, and implications on host health"
8010:
5818:
2340:
Gani M, Mcguinness BJ, Da Vies AP (1998). "Monoclonal antibodies against tea polyphenols: A novel immunoassay to detect polyphenols in biological fluids".
1231:
at doses exceeding 200 mg per day may contribute to maintenance of vascular elasticity and normal blood flow; 2) olive oil polyphenols (5 mg of
1477:, a class of polyphenol. The European Food Safety Authority established upper limits for some polyphenol-containing supplements and additives, such as
2652:
Pizzi A, Valenezuela J, Westermeyer C (1994). "Low formaldehyde emission, fast pressing, pine and pecan tannin adhesives for exterior particleboard".
4032:"Dietary intakes of flavan-3-ols and cardiometabolic health: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials and prospective cohort studies"
3557:
9186:
6994:
4721:
1254:
are limited, with results difficult to interpret due to the wide variation of intake values for both individual polyphenols and total polyphenols.
2089:"Screening the effect of four ultrasound-assisted extraction parameters on hesperidin and phenolic acid content of aqueous citrus pomace extracts"
1082:
3395:
Hufnagel JC, Hofmann T (February 2008). "Orosensory-directed identification of astringent mouthfeel and bitter-tasting compounds in red wine".
1086:
757:
663:
578:
can also be made on C18 sorbent cartridges. Other techniques are ultrasonic extraction, heat reflux extraction, microwave-assisted extraction,
8097:
5905:
4551:
4434:
2564:
2087:
Papoutsis, Konstantinos; Pristijono, Penta; Golding, John; Stathopoulos, Costas; Bowyer, Michael; Scarlett, Christopher; Vuong, Quan (2018).
1888:
3879:"Options for basing Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) on chronic disease endpoints: report from a joint US-/Canadian-sponsored working group"
1308:
Higher intakes of soy isoflavones may be associated with reduced risks of breast cancer in postmenopausal women and prostate cancer in men.
8143:
5951:
4767:
667:
4578:
4485:
2052:
Sineiro J, DomĂnguez H, NĂșñez MJ, Lema JM (1996). "Ethanol extraction of polyphenols in an immersion extractor. Effect of pulsing flow".
7796:
3015:
Nakai S (2000). "Myriophyllum spicatum-released allelopathic polyphenols inhibiting growth of blue-green algae
Microcystis aeruginosa".
2722:
Wigglesworth VB (1988). "The source of lipids and polyphenols for the insect cuticle: The role of fat body, oenocytes and oenocytoids".
1180:
Polyphenols are a large, diverse group of compounds, making it difficult to determine their biological effects. They are not considered
9422:
7230:
5746:
2592:
2518:
Mello LD, Sotomayor MD, Kubota LT (2003). "HRP-based amperometric biosensor for the polyphenols determination in vegetables extract".
776:
1347:. A risk assessment by the European Food Safety Authority found no cause for concern when isoflavones are consumed in a normal diet.
4591:
4498:
2899:
1766:
780:
4332:"Dietary (poly)phenolics in human health: structures, bioavailability, and evidence of protective effects against chronic diseases"
3126:
Malek SR (1961). "Polyphenols and their quinone derivatives in the cuticle of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (ForskÄl)".
1462:
1446:-containing drug. Polyphenols, particularly in beverages that contain them in high concentrations (tea, coffee, etc), inhibit the
1030:
or dimerization processes resulting in hydrolyzable tannins. For anthocyanidins, precursors of the condensed tannin biosynthesis,
8765:
8003:
6573:
5811:
4304:
3052:"Proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in plants. Purification of legume leucoanthocyanidin reductase and molecular cloning of its cDNA"
1265:, and therefore do not have the chemical structure allowing antioxidant activity in vivo; they may exert biological activity as
286:
The WhiteâBate-SmithâSwainâHaslam (WBSSH) definition characterized structural characteristics common to plant phenolics used in
9253:
7061:
2214:
Nawaz H, Shi J, Mittal GS, Kakuda Y (2006). "Extraction of polyphenols from grape seeds and concentration by ultrafiltration".
4136:"The effect of blueberry interventions on cognitive performance and mood: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials"
1038:(LAR) are crucial enzymes with subsequent addition of catechin and epicatechin moieties for larger, non-hydrolyzable tannins.
9369:
8580:
7789:
7772:
7177:
6388:
3583:
1494:
1076:
1027:
524:
3654:
3597:
2961:
Hart JH, Hillis WE (1974). "Inhibition of wood-rotting fungi by stilbenes and other polyphenols in
Eucalyptus sideroxylon".
3338:
1982:
Palma M, Taylor LT (July 1999). "Extraction of polyphenolic compounds from grape seeds with near critical carbon dioxide".
1823:
1778:
722:. The tannin content of the unknown is then expressed as equivalents of the appropriate hydrolyzable or condensed tannin.
571:
2243:"A method for visualizing fluorescence of flavonoid therapeutics in vivo in the model eukaryote Dictyostelium discoideum"
730:
567:
9179:
7922:
6987:
5223:
4714:
1377:
1262:
1205:
1035:
3928:"The effect of chlorogenic acid on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials"
2367:
Walker RB, Everette JD (February 2009). "Comparative reaction rates of various antioxidants with ABTS radical cation".
182:, meaning "many, much") and the word âphenolâ which refers to a chemical structure formed by attachment of an aromatic
7996:
7868:
5804:
5773:
3091:
Krasnow MN, Murphy TM (June 2004). "Polyphenol glucosylating activity in cell suspensions of grape (Vitis vinifera)".
2609:
8905:
6713:
4426:
Flavonoid pharmacokinetics: methods of analysis, pre-clinical and clinical pharmacokinetics, safety, and toxicology
675:
602:
9291:
9286:
9281:
9275:
8090:
7975:
7099:
7094:
7089:
7083:
5898:
5767:
4135:
1031:
637:
217:
The term polyphenol is not well-defined, but it is generally agreed that they are natural products with "several
3296:"Effects of different cooking methods on nutritional and physicochemical characteristics of selected vegetables"
2687:
HĂ€ttenschwiler S, Vitousek PM (June 2000). "The role of polyphenols in terrestrial ecosystem nutrient cycling".
1091:
Polyphenols comprise up to 0.2â0.3% fresh weight for many fruits. Consuming common servings of wine, chocolate,
1063:. It is the rapid polymerisation of o-quinones to produce black, brown or red polyphenolic pigments that causes
8868:
8136:
7554:
7476:
6676:
5944:
4760:
1442:). In 1988, hemolytic anemia following polyphenol consumption was documented, resulting in the withdrawal of a
548:
7529:
3356:"Polyphenols: factors influencing their sensory properties and their effects on food and beverage preferences"
1151:
is not fully understood, but it is measured chemically as the ability of a substance to precipitate proteins.
523:, derived biosynthetically and sometimes synthetically by oxidative joining of two of the galloyl moieties of
4254:"Risk assessment for peri- and post-menopausal women taking food supplements containing isolated isoflavones"
9629:
9212:
9172:
8468:
7020:
6980:
6276:
4707:
1595:
1404:
788:
579:
3832:"Health and nutrition beyond essential nutrients: The evolution of the bioactives concept for human health"
2806:
Locke M, Krishnan N (1971). "The distribution of phenoloxidases and polyphenols during cuticle formation".
2275:
1485:. For most polyphenols found in the diet, an adverse effect beyond nutrient-drug interactions is unlikely.
1095:
or tea may also contribute to about one gram of intake per day. According to a 2005 review on polyphenols:
840:, high in tannins and other polyphenols, or its juice, is employed in the dyeing of non-synthetic fabrics.
9326:
9032:
8630:
8590:
8585:
7134:
6840:
6438:
6398:
6393:
5178:
2887:
1431:
1189:
844:
843:
Of some interest in the era of silver-based photography, pyrogallol and pyrocatechin are among the oldest
772:
655:
575:
559:
544:
540:
418:
371:
340:
4745:
4661:
3795:
Williams RJ, Spencer JP, Rice-Evans C (April 2004). "Flavonoids: antioxidants or signalling molecules?".
3760:
Williams RJ, Spencer JP, Rice-Evans C (April 2004). "Flavonoids: antioxidants or signalling molecules?".
2759:"The occurrence and significance of phenolic hardening in the newly formed cuticle of Crustacea Decapoda"
1904:
Pan X (2003). "Microwave-assisted extraction of tea polyphenols and tea caffeine from green tea leaves".
1311:
A 2019 systematic review found that intake of soy and soy isoflavones is associated with a lower risk of
17:
9296:
9267:
9232:
9227:
8968:
7894:
7104:
7075:
7040:
7035:
6776:
5025:
1289:
1185:
982:
4236:
3712:
9624:
9414:
9001:
8900:
8895:
8758:
8675:
8445:
8083:
7812:
7544:
7471:
7222:
6809:
6708:
6703:
6566:
6483:
6253:
5891:
5051:
3610:
Cocoa flavanols help maintain the elasticity of blood vessels, which contributes to normal blood flow
3024:
2770:
2527:
2298:
1913:
1801:
1598:. Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University. 1 February 2016
1514:
1509:
810:
802:
711:
649:
633:
563:
402:
383:
3655:"Article 13 (1): Olive polyphenols; Search filters: Claim status â authorised; search â polyphenols"
9510:
9477:
9316:
8783:
8289:
8129:
7318:
7285:
7124:
6591:
6097:
5937:
4753:
1042:
871:
for particleboards. The aims are generally to make use of plant residues from grape, olive (called
830:
733:. Results are typically expressed as gallic acid equivalents. Polyphenols are seldom evaluated by
8357:
8028:
7937:
6165:
5836:
4402:
4166:
4116:
3963:
3859:
3831:
2943:
2669:
2428:
2322:
2153:
2069:
1727:
Haslam E, Cai Y (January 1994). "Plant polyphenols (vegetable tannins): gallic acid metabolism".
1641:
1454:
when consumed together in a single meal. Research is limited on the effect of this inhibition on
1388:
1270:
1197:
1109:
1052:
938:
Polyphenols are thought to play diverse roles in the ecology of plants. These functions include:
919:
659:
3598:"Article 13 (5): Cocoa flavanols; Search filters: Claim status â authorised; search â flavanols"
4423:
Davies NM, Yåñez JA (2013). "Flavonoids and drug interactions". In Davies NM, Yanez JA (eds.).
2888:"Role of phenolics in the resistance mechanisms of plants against fungal pathogens and insects"
1618:
1243:) may "contribute to the protection of blood lipids from oxidative damage", if consumed daily.
314:
In terms of structures, the WBSSH recognizes two structural family that have these properties:
9306:
9065:
9050:
9042:
8863:
8840:
8539:
8020:
7524:
7510:
7114:
6873:
6858:
6850:
6671:
6648:
6347:
5828:
5790:
4642:
4587:
4494:
4467:
4440:
4430:
4361:
4217:
4158:
4108:
4100:
4061:
4012:
3955:
3947:
3908:
3851:
3812:
3777:
3742:
3463:
3412:
3377:
3317:
3276:
3235:
3184:
3108:
3073:
2935:
2895:
2865:
2842:
2823:
2788:
2739:
2704:
2588:
2560:
2473:
2420:
2384:
2314:
2264:
2196:
2034:
1999:
1964:
1884:
1854:
1762:
1744:
1709:
1560:
1478:
1385:
970:
671:
520:
462:
287:
136:
8933:
6741:
3535:
9442:
8963:
8890:
8882:
8369:
8260:
7250:
6771:
6698:
6690:
6177:
6068:
5365:
5141:
5081:
4673:
4632:
4624:
4522:"Iron Deficiency Anaemia Assessment, Prevention, and Control A guide for programme managers"
4392:
4351:
4343:
4207:
4197:
4150:
4092:
4051:
4043:
4002:
3994:
3939:
3898:
3890:
3843:
3804:
3769:
3732:
3724:
3691:
3634:
3584:"New Roles for Polyphenols. A 3-Part Report on Current Regulations and the State of Science"
3493:
3453:
3443:
3404:
3367:
3307:
3266:
3225:
3215:
3174:
3166:
3135:
3100:
3063:
3032:
2997:
2970:
2925:
2815:
2778:
2731:
2696:
2661:
2634:
2571:... bark of tree and rind of fruit is commonly used in ayurveda ... also used for dyeing ...
2535:
2500:
2463:
2455:
2412:
2376:
2349:
2306:
2254:
2223:
2188:
2180:
2145:
2137:
2103:
2061:
2026:
1991:
1956:
1921:
1846:
1809:
1736:
1699:
1633:
1550:
1435:
1340:
1293:
1139:, substances that are usually added at or near the completion of the processing of brewing.
1113:
888:
691:
466:
318:
250:
58:
590:
Mainly found in the fruit skins and seeds, high levels of polyphenols may reflect only the
9578:
9447:
9311:
9115:
9087:
9011:
8751:
8605:
8600:
8595:
8550:
7446:
7386:
7255:
7119:
6923:
6895:
6819:
6559:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6358:
5484:
5399:
5357:
4865:
4235:
Committee on
Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment (2003).
3560:. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration. July 2008
3342:
2988:
Popa VI, Dumitru M, Volf I, Anghel N (2008). "Lignin and polyphenols as allelochemicals".
1447:
1135:. Polyphenols in wine, beer and various nonalcoholic juice beverages can be removed using
1003:
856:
826:
598:
509:
357:
352:
According to Stéphane
Quideau, the term "polyphenol" refers to compounds derived from the
225:" including four principal classes: "phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and lignans".
218:
41:
8938:
6746:
4546:
364:
pathway, featuring more than one phenolic unit and deprived of nitrogen-based functions.
36:
Representative chemical structure of one of many plant-derived polyphenols that comprise
4330:
Del Rio D, Rodriguez-Mateos A, Spencer JP, Tognolini M, Borges G, Crozier A (May 2013).
3808:
3773:
3667:
Olive oil polyphenols contribute to the protection of blood lipids from oxidative stress
3028:
2774:
2531:
2302:
1917:
1805:
1659:
1419:
and are investigated as a potential metabolic factor in function of the gut microbiota.
760:(TEAC) assay. The reactivity of the various antioxidants tested are compared to that of
9542:
9529:
9467:
9237:
9109:
9093:
9037:
8610:
8480:
8436:
7714:
7697:
7659:
7461:
7436:
7350:
7337:
7275:
7045:
6917:
6901:
6845:
6418:
6288:
6244:
5750:
5704:
5617:
5612:
5602:
5579:
5541:
5531:
5112:
4637:
4612:
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4331:
4056:
4031:
4007:
3982:
3903:
3878:
3513:
3458:
3431:
3230:
3203:
3179:
3154:
1504:
1474:
1439:
1427:
1416:
1312:
1266:
1247:
1232:
1220:
1172:. In contrast, hydroxycinnamic acids do not have astringent qualities, but are bitter.
1155:
1064:
999:
915:
896:
892:
860:
806:
719:
618:
536:
498:
336:
4458:
Jaeger A, WĂ€lti M, Neftel K (1988). "Side effects of flavonoids in medical practice".
3036:
2819:
2700:
2614:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 38, 79, 81, 89, 90â91, 176â177, etc.
2030:
1995:
1925:
1850:
9618:
9485:
9452:
9437:
9432:
9374:
9349:
9344:
9339:
9301:
9203:
9195:
9160:
9060:
9016:
8988:
8705:
8642:
8365:
8317:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7654:
7616:
7591:
7495:
7451:
7427:
7293:
7260:
7245:
7240:
7182:
7157:
7152:
7147:
7109:
7011:
7003:
6968:
6868:
6824:
6796:
6513:
6450:
6173:
6125:
5695:
5661:
5656:
5607:
4837:
4731:
4406:
4253:
4170:
4120:
3981:
Ried K, Fakler P, Stocks NP, et al. (Cochrane
Hypertension Group) (April 2017).
3863:
3139:
2735:
1344:
1201:
1015:
1007:
950:
718:, is used to oxidize known concentrations of a standard tannin solution, producing a
687:
645:
445:
441:
298:
270:
222:
167:
116:
4660:
EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources Added to Food (1 September 2010).
4599:
total iron intake, ascorbic acid, calcium and polyphenols, have been inconsistent...
2947:
2673:
2326:
2157:
2073:
1645:
1403:
intended for treating venous disorders. Their mechanism of action is undefined, and
398:
9602:
9462:
9427:
9400:
9055:
8973:
8953:
8920:
8792:
8670:
8476:
8421:
8252:
8170:
8041:
7965:
7960:
7853:
7689:
7626:
7596:
7466:
7410:
7270:
7235:
7208:
6863:
6781:
6761:
6728:
6600:
6478:
6284:
6229:
6060:
5978:
5849:
5709:
5627:
5546:
5536:
5479:
5462:
5447:
5416:
5376:
5346:
5272:
4951:
4931:
3998:
3967:
2432:
1400:
1362:
1224:
1105:
960:
923:
864:
837:
715:
641:
367:
261:
210:
128:
3728:
3050:
Tanner GJ, Francki KT, Abrahams S, Watson JM, Larkin PJ, Ashton AR (August 2003).
3001:
2141:
1273:
for which development of dietary recommendations was under consideration in 2017.
725:
Some methods for quantification of total polyphenol content in vitro are based on
3335:
2554:
2227:
1184:, as they are not used for growth, survival or reproduction, nor do they provide
740:
Other tests measure the antioxidant capacity of a fraction. Some make use of the
9547:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9131:
9104:
8948:
8855:
8845:
8820:
8800:
8725:
8710:
8700:
8680:
8457:
8398:
8328:
8299:
8225:
8036:
7932:
7886:
7719:
7649:
7642:
7637:
7608:
7586:
7505:
7488:
7355:
7172:
7167:
7162:
6939:
6912:
6756:
6663:
6653:
6628:
6608:
6533:
6518:
6508:
6488:
6265:
6206:
6136:
6107:
6033:
5844:
5681:
5671:
5647:
5632:
5474:
5439:
5434:
5323:
5318:
5186:
5150:
5127:
5066:
5015:
5005:
4955:
4875:
4662:"Scientific opinion on the re-evaluation of curcumin (E 100) as a food additive"
3498:
3481:
1873:
1461:
Metabolism of polyphenols can result in flavonoid-drug interactions, such as in
1297:
1228:
1159:
1148:
1019:
1011:
987:
834:
726:
690:
is an histological dye specific to polyphenols used in microscopy analyses. The
515:
474:
426:
387:
375:
324:
124:
45:
37:
4096:
2107:
9552:
9490:
9379:
9121:
9098:
8810:
8805:
8715:
8690:
8615:
8508:
8503:
8408:
8393:
8388:
8346:
8214:
8061:
7988:
7955:
7947:
7927:
7664:
7574:
7360:
7298:
7187:
6929:
6906:
6618:
6613:
6523:
6498:
6423:
6316:
6311:
6216:
6201:
6196:
6154:
6022:
5869:
5796:
5666:
5584:
5510:
5469:
5457:
5452:
5338:
5328:
5122:
5117:
5070:
4154:
3847:
2539:
2416:
2353:
1539:"Plant polyphenols: chemical properties, biological activities, and synthesis"
1455:
1396:
1381:
1373:
1336:
1236:
1213:
1209:
1124:
1056:
1046:
911:
907:
493:"fused ring" system, also a structural feature here, is common in polyphenols.
490:
486:
406:
361:
234:
4677:
4628:
4547:"Recommendations to Prevent and Control Iron Deficiency in the United States"
4444:
4104:
3951:
3696:
3679:
3639:
3622:
3372:
3355:
3271:
3254:
2930:
2913:
1014:
and analogs. Flavonoids and caffeic acid derivatives are biosynthesized from
771:
Other antioxidant capacity assays which use Trolox as a standard include the
9568:
9505:
9495:
8983:
8835:
8830:
8825:
8648:
8558:
8518:
8416:
8380:
8237:
8210:
8202:
8161:
8153:
8115:
8056:
7914:
7376:
7313:
7303:
6791:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6456:
6366:
6326:
6224:
6188:
6045:
6018:
6010:
5969:
5961:
5923:
5864:
5293:
5202:
5155:
5086:
4926:
4781:
4739:
4202:
4185:
3927:
3894:
3448:
2914:"Influence of polyphenols on bacterial biofilm formation and quorum-sensing"
2638:
1960:
1704:
1687:
1637:
1369:
1325:
1281:
1251:
1060:
949:
UV screens to protect against ionizing radiation and to provide coloration (
903:
795:
765:
753:
422:
380:
353:
254:
183:
120:
115:. They are abundant in plants and structurally diverse. Polyphenols include
4646:
4365:
4221:
4162:
4112:
4065:
4016:
3959:
3912:
3877:
Yetley EA, MacFarlane AJ, Greene-Finestone LS, et al. (January 2017).
3855:
3816:
3781:
3746:
3467:
3416:
3381:
3321:
3294:
Miglio C, Chiavaro E, Visconti A, Fogliano V, Pellegrini N (January 2008).
3280:
3239:
3188:
3112:
3077:
3068:
3051:
2939:
2827:
2792:
2783:
2758:
2743:
2708:
2477:
2424:
2388:
2318:
2268:
2200:
2038:
2003:
1968:
1858:
1748:
1713:
1564:
1555:
1538:
694:
of polyphenols can also be used, especially for localisation of lignin and
4699:
4471:
4424:
4347:
4047:
3170:
2259:
2242:
2123:"Pretreatment of citrus by-products affects polyphenol recovery: a review"
206:
9573:
9500:
9457:
9395:
9334:
9127:
8978:
8910:
8815:
8731:
8527:
8453:
8342:
8333:
8313:
8304:
8233:
8187:
8051:
7899:
7858:
7843:
7830:
7729:
7566:
7549:
7441:
7381:
7308:
7265:
7203:
7142:
6935:
6786:
6718:
6623:
6539:
6335:
6261:
6150:
6141:
6121:
6112:
6041:
5995:
5859:
5637:
5622:
5594:
5523:
5489:
5288:
5160:
5061:
5035:
5020:
4971:
4961:
4921:
4846:
4785:
4282:
3713:"Design of polyphenol-rich diets in clinical trials: A systematic review"
3432:"The Role of Polyphenols in Human Health and Food Systems: A Mini-Review"
3220:
2974:
2625:
Hillis WE, Urbach G (1959). "Reaction of polyphenols with formaldehyde".
2289:
Tempel AS (October 1982). "Tannin-measuring techniques : A review".
1779:"Cardiovascular disease and phytochemicals. Anonymous. C. Hamilton et al"
1740:
1482:
1443:
1208:
issued guidance to manufacturers that polyphenols cannot be mentioned on
1181:
1169:
1128:
1117:
927:
868:
734:
470:
429:
242:
238:
230:
191:
150:
146:
7781:
4212:
3943:
3737:
2468:
922:. In crustaceans, there is a second oxidase activity leading to cuticle
566:, methanol, methanol/formic acid, methanol/water/acetic or formic acid.
293:
In terms of properties, the WBSSH describes the polyphenols as follows:
32:
9537:
8958:
8943:
8495:
8191:
8179:
7848:
7838:
7736:
7707:
7579:
7534:
7500:
7483:
7345:
6766:
6751:
6303:
5999:
5987:
5515:
5505:
5426:
5247:
5242:
5170:
5165:
5107:
5102:
5056:
5030:
4966:
4905:
4900:
4826:
4817:
4777:
3202:
D'Archivio M, Filesi C, VarĂŹ R, Scazzocchio B, Masella R (March 2010).
3155:"Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease"
2665:
2310:
2192:
2149:
2065:
1407:
of benefit for using phlebotonics to treat venous diseases is limited.
1392:
1365:
1356:
1240:
1193:
1136:
998:
Polyphenols incorporate smaller parts and building blocks from simpler
899:
and polyphenols, calculated with reference to the dry green leaf mass.
695:
583:
449:
246:
112:
3430:
Cory H, Passarelli S, Szeto J, Tamez M, Mattei J (21 September 2018).
3408:
3312:
3295:
3253:
Mennen LI, Walker R, Bennetau-Pelissero C, Scalbert A (January 2005).
3104:
2504:
2459:
2380:
2184:
1813:
1154:
Astringency increases and bitterness decrease with the mean degree of
617:
Reversed-phase HPLC plot of separation of phenolic compounds. Smaller
9597:
9515:
8775:
8739:
8656:
8535:
8274:
8241:
8046:
7904:
7753:
7748:
7741:
7724:
7702:
7539:
7519:
7405:
7323:
6583:
6547:
6464:
6343:
6082:
6049:
5854:
5676:
5218:
5076:
5010:
4976:
4947:
4860:
2843:"Phenolic Tanning and Pigmentation of the Cuticle in Carcinus maenas"
1470:
1466:
1166:
1163:
1132:
1092:
986:(a submerged aquatic plant) secrete polyphenols that are involved in
872:
761:
745:
699:
622:
458:
344:
266:
187:
177:
4397:
4380:
1537:
Quideau S, Deffieux D, Douat-Casassus C, Pouységu L (January 2011).
1261:, but this concept is obsolete. Most polyphenols are metabolized by
480:
198:
suffix). The term "polyphenol" has been in use at least since 1894.
142:
4695:
Phenol-Explorer, electronic database of polyphenol content in foods
3538:. National Agricultural Library, US Department of Agriculture. 2022
613:
8928:
6736:
3926:
Onakpoya, I J; Spencer, E A; Thompson, M J; Heneghan, C J (2014).
943:
876:
749:
612:
514:
505:
502:
479:
410:
397:
335:
205:
141:
4694:
748:
which is reactive towards most antioxidants including phenolics,
461:(hydrolyzable tannins) or more stable C-C bonds (nonhydrolyzable
4559:(RR-3). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 3 April 1998
1686:
Manach C, Scalbert A, Morand C, Rémésy C, Jiménez L (May 2004).
1500:
Dictionary of natural phenols and polyphenols molecular formulas
1451:
1361:
Phlebotonics of heterogeneous composition, consisting partly of
977:
741:
274:
9168:
8747:
8125:
8079:
7992:
7785:
6976:
6555:
5933:
5887:
5800:
4749:
4703:
409:
core. There are nine phenolic hydroxyl groups and two phenolic
4134:
Travica N, D'Cunha NM, Naumovski N, et al. (March 2020).
3204:"Bioavailability of the polyphenols: status and controversies"
822:
132:
82:
171:
7773:
List of phytochemicals and foods in which they are prominent
4493:. The Stationery Office. 2010. pp. 65, 68, 70, 73, 74.
918:). The hardening of the cuticle is due to the presence of a
562:
of polyphenols can be performed using a solvent like water,
405:, a plant-derived polyphenol, an ester of gallic acid and a
4030:
Raman G, Avendano EE, Chen S, et al. (November 2019).
966:
Signaling molecules in ripening and other growth processes.
519:
An example of a synthetically achieved small ellagitannin,
88:
73:
1112:â especially iron and other metal ions, which may bind to
805:âcoupled HPLC are generally given as relative rather than
652:. They can also be analysed by chemical characterisation.
100:
67:
4613:"Scientific opinion on the safety of green tea catechins"
4611:
Younes M, Aggett P, Aguilar F, et al. (April 2018).
926:. There is apparently no polyphenol tanning occurring in
3492:(12). European Food Safety Authority. 4 September 2019.
3482:"Dietary Reference Values for nutrients: Summary report"
1324:
Polyphenols are under preliminary research for possible
4184:
Marx W, Kelly JT, Marshall S, et al. (June 2018).
1227:
were authorized between 2012 and 2015: 1) flavanols in
674:. Purified compounds can be identified by the means of
2866:"The Epicuticle of an Arachnid, Palamneus swammerdami"
4379:
Catalkaya G, Venema K, Lucini L, et al. (2020).
798:
can help monitor the content of polyphenols in food.
327:
and hexahydroxydiphenoyl esters and their derivatives
97:
85:
79:
61:
5745:
Terpene synthase enzymes (many), having in common a
2405:
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
1067:. In insects, PPO is involved in cuticle hardening.
452:. Hence, many larger polyphenols are biosynthesized
103:
91:
70:
64:
9587:
9561:
9528:
9476:
9413:
9388:
9325:
9266:
9246:
9220:
9211:
9202:
9159:
9140:
9080:
9025:
9000:
8919:
8881:
8854:
8791:
8782:
8738:
8724:
8689:
8655:
8641:
8571:
8549:
8526:
8517:
8494:
8467:
8444:
8435:
8407:
8379:
8356:
8327:
8298:
8282:
8273:
8251:
8224:
8201:
8178:
8169:
8160:
8114:
8070:
8027:
7974:
7946:
7913:
7885:
7867:
7829:
7819:
7764:
7688:
7625:
7607:
7565:
7426:
7395:
7369:
7336:
7284:
7221:
7196:
7133:
7074:
7054:
7028:
7019:
7010:
6967:
6948:
6888:
6833:
6808:
6727:
6689:
6662:
6599:
6590:
6546:
6532:
6497:
6463:
6449:
6379:
6357:
6334:
6325:
6302:
6275:
6252:
6243:
6215:
6187:
6164:
6135:
6106:
6090:
6081:
6059:
6032:
6009:
5986:
5977:
5968:
5922:
5878:
5835:
5789:
5760:
5738:
5721:
5694:
5646:
5593:
5578:
5561:
5498:
5425:
5415:
5398:
5337:
5311:
5281:
5256:
5235:
5211:
5201:
5140:
5095:
5044:
4998:
4989:
4940:
4914:
4893:
4874:
4836:
4793:
4738:
1055:(PPO) is an enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of
942:Release and suppression of growth hormones such as
710:Polyphenolic content in vitro can be quantified by
444:). Their upper molecular weight limit is about 800
440:
Polyphenols, such as lignin, are larger molecules (
76:
1250:that assessed the effect of polyphenols on health
1108:â compounds that interfere with the absorption of
4256:. European Food Safety Authority. 21 October 2015
4085:Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
3711:Condezo-Hoyos L, Gazi C, Pérez-Jiménez J (2021).
3600:. European Commission, EU Register. 31 March 2015
1147:With respect to food and beverages, the cause of
1123:In a comparison of cooking methods, phenolic and
1794:Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology
1619:"Isolation and structure elucidation of tannins"
783:(FRAP) assays or inhibition of copper-catalyzed
497:Polyphenols often have functional groups beyond
40:. Such compound are formed by esterification of
3657:. European Commission, EU Register. 16 May 2012
1688:"Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability"
1415:Polyphenols are extensively metabolized by the
855:Natural polyphenols have long been proposed as
636:is used as a reagent for staining phenolics in
131:, some of which have been used historically as
4823:Iridoid glycosides (iridoids bound to a sugar)
4311:. National Institutes of Health. 26 April 2012
2912:Huber B, Eberl L, Feucht W, Polster J (2003).
2556:Recent trends in horticulture in the Himalayas
956:Deterrence of herbivores (sensory properties).
9180:
8759:
8137:
8091:
8004:
7797:
6988:
6567:
5945:
5899:
5812:
4761:
4715:
2054:Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society
1883:. Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 1â16.
1872:Escribano-Bailon MT, Santos-Buelga C (2003).
1761:Practical Polyphenolics, Edwin Haslam, 1998,
1376:) and synthetic compounds, are used to treat
1127:levels in vegetables were retained better by
809:as there is a lack of commercially available
801:Quantitation results produced by the mean of
8:
4460:Progress in Clinical and Biological Research
3255:"Risks and safety of polyphenol consumption"
2763:Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine
1430:of polyphenol intake range from mild (e.g.,
859:precursors to produce plastics or resins by
111:) are a large family of naturally occurring
4586:. The Stationery Office. 2010. p. 74.
3987:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
3516:. UK National Health Service. 3 August 2020
3208:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
1879:. In Santos-Buelga C, Williamson G (eds.).
1022:. Complex gallotannins develop through the
821:Some polyphenols are traditionally used as
644:, especially in the ultraviolet domain, by
9217:
9208:
9187:
9173:
9165:
8788:
8766:
8752:
8744:
8523:
8441:
8279:
8175:
8166:
8144:
8130:
8122:
8098:
8084:
8076:
8011:
7997:
7989:
7804:
7790:
7782:
7025:
7016:
6995:
6981:
6973:
6596:
6574:
6560:
6552:
6331:
6249:
6087:
5983:
5974:
5952:
5938:
5930:
5906:
5892:
5884:
5819:
5805:
5797:
5590:
5422:
5208:
4995:
4890:
4768:
4754:
4746:
4722:
4708:
4700:
4036:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
3883:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
3397:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
3360:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
3300:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
3259:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
3093:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
2870:Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science
2847:Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science
2493:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
2448:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
2369:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
2173:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
1692:The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
1188:. Therefore, they do not have recommended
902:Polyphenols are also found in animals. In
386:shown below, and the hydrolyzable tannin,
4636:
4418:
4416:
4396:
4355:
4211:
4201:
4055:
4006:
3902:
3736:
3695:
3638:
3497:
3457:
3447:
3371:
3311:
3270:
3229:
3219:
3178:
3159:Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
3067:
2929:
2782:
2467:
2258:
2241:Ferrara BT, Thompson EP (February 2019).
1703:
1554:
1532:
1530:
1465:, which involves inhibition of the liver
18:Health effects of phenols and polyphenols
4277:
4275:
4273:
4271:
3577:
3575:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1269:. Some polyphenols are considered to be
969:In some woods can explain their natural
31:
4077:
4075:
3354:Lesschaeve I, Noble AC (January 2005).
3128:Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology
1526:
1162:is more bitter and astringent than its
1083:Natural phenols and polyphenols in wine
2216:Separation and Purification Technology
1087:Natural phenols and polyphenols in tea
1006:pathway for the phenolic acids or the
887:The most abundant polyphenols are the
758:Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity
702:, to enhance the fluorescence signal.
664:high performance liquid chromatography
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
535:The analysis techniques are those of
7:
1339:, which are structurally related to
1257:Polyphenols were once considered as
1116:and other proteins, particularly in
1041:The glycosylated form develops from
959:Prevention of microbial infections (
668:reversed-phase liquid chromatography
307:with >12 phenolic hydroxyl groups
304:with molecular weight of 500â4000 Da
3983:"Effect of cocoa on blood pressure"
3809:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.01.001
3797:Free Radical Biology & Medicine
3774:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.01.001
3762:Free Radical Biology & Medicine
3056:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1906:Chemical Engineering and Processing
851:Aspirational use as green chemicals
310:with 5â7 aromatic rings per 1000 Da
48:to a monosaccharide (glucose) core.
5747:terpene synthase N terminal domain
4336:Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
1874:"Polyphenol Extraction From Foods"
777:oxygen radical absorbance capacity
601:. Purification can be achieved by
25:
4527:. World Health Organization. 2001
2689:Trends in Ecology & Evolution
2608:Gernsheim H, Gernsheim A (1969).
2520:Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
1288:) were considered as a factor in
794:New methods including the use of
781:ferric reducing ability of plasma
374:, on the other hand, with its 14
2918:Zeitschrift fĂŒr Naturforschung C
2342:Food and Agricultural Immunology
2274:
1212:as antioxidant nutrients unless
1104:Some polyphenols are considered
813:for all polyphenolic molecules.
640:. Polyphenols can be studied by
157:), is a well-studied polyphenol.
57:
9254:p-Hydroxybenzoic acid glucoside
7062:p-Hydroxybenzoic acid glucoside
4305:"Vasculera â diosmiplex tablet"
2894:: Advances in Research, 23â67.
1395:, while one other â Vasculera (
149:, a bright yellow component of
9423:α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid
9370:Phloroglucinol carboxylic acid
8581:List of phytochemicals in food
7231:α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid
7178:Phloroglucinol carboxylic acid
6389:List of phytochemicals in food
4429:. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley.
3999:10.1002/14651858.CD008893.pub3
1881:Methods in Polyphenol Analysis
1495:List of phytochemicals in food
1077:List of phytochemicals in food
879:shells left after processing.
621:formed individual peaks while
525:1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl-glucose
469:are mostly polymeric units of
1:
4143:Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
3932:Journal of Human Hypertension
3836:Molecular Aspects of Medicine
3729:10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110655
3037:10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00039-7
3002:10.1016/j.indcrop.2007.07.019
2990:Industrial Crops and Products
2864:Krishnan G (September 1954).
2841:Krishnan G (September 1951).
2820:10.1016/S0040-8166(71)80034-4
2701:10.1016/S0169-5347(00)01861-9
2553:Jindal KK, Sharma RC (2004).
2142:10.1080/87559129.2018.1438471
2031:10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01212-2
1996:10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00569-5
1926:10.1016/S0255-2701(02)00037-5
1851:10.1016/S0278-6915(03)00200-X
1028:1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloylglucose
597:Concentration can be made by
572:countercurrent chromatography
425:, hence their description as
269:are polyphenols derived from
5224:Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate
3582:Gross, Paul (1 March 2009).
3486:EFSA Supporting Publications
3153:Pandey KB, Rizvi SI (2009).
3140:10.1016/0010-406X(61)90071-8
2886:V. Lattanzio et al. (2006).
2757:Dennell R (September 1947).
2736:10.1016/0040-8166(88)90033-X
2627:Journal of Applied Chemistry
2585:The Film Developing Cookbook
2583:Anchell SG, Troop B (1998).
2228:10.1016/j.seppur.2005.07.006
1839:Food and Chemical Toxicology
1662:. Merriam-Webster, Inc. 2019
1463:grapefruitâdrug interactions
1423:Toxicity and adverse effects
1378:chronic venous insufficiency
1263:catechol-O-methyltransferase
1206:Food and Drug Administration
1204:. In the United States, the
1036:leucoanthocyanidin reductase
508:linkages are common, as are
178:
8906:Pyrocatecollic type tannins
6714:Pyrocatecollic type tannins
5774:Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
4580:SACN Iron and Health Report
4487:SACN Iron and Health Report
4285:. Drugs.com. 1 January 2019
4237:"Phytoestrogens and Health"
3717:Food Research International
3499:10.2903/sp.efsa.2017.e15121
2654:Holz Als Roh- und Werkstoff
2291:Journal of Chemical Ecology
2019:Journal of Chromatography A
1984:Journal of Chromatography A
1434:symptoms) to severe (e.g.,
1357:Diosmin § Phlebotonics
1284:, polyphenols (then called
1045:activity and increases the
1002:, which originate from the
994:Biosynthesis and metabolism
910:polyphenols play a role in
253:(apple, grape, cocoa), and
27:Class of chemical compounds
9646:
7923:Geranylgeranyl diphosphate
4097:10.1016/j.jand.2019.04.011
2890:(and references therein).
2611:The History of PHOTOGRAPHY
2130:Food Reviews International
2108:10.1016/j.fbio.2017.11.001
1354:
1235:and its derivatives (e.g.
1080:
1074:
676:nuclear magnetic resonance
670:(RPLC), can be coupled to
666:(HPLC), and especially by
603:preparative chromatography
241:(red fruits and berries),
172:
166:The name derives from the
9292:3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid
9287:2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid
9282:2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid
9276:2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid
8628:
7100:3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid
7095:2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid
7090:2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid
7084:2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid
6436:
5768:Isopentenyl pyrophosphate
5722:Norisoprenoids (modified)
4155:10.1016/j.bbi.2019.04.001
3848:10.1016/j.mam.2022.101116
3341:27 September 2013 at the
3336:Basic Tastes: Astringency
2540:10.1016/j.snb.2003.07.008
2417:10.3109/09637480903292601
2354:10.1080/09540109809354964
1032:dihydroflavonol reductase
638:thin layer chromatography
570:can be also performed or
9213:Monohydroxybenzoic acids
8869:1,3,6-Trigalloyl glucose
7555:Syn-propanethial-S-oxide
7477:Phenethyl Isothiocyanate
7021:Monohydroxybenzoic acids
6677:1,3,6-Trigalloyl glucose
5761:Activated isoprene forms
5562:Sesquarterpenes/oids (7)
4811:Monocyclic (single ring)
4678:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1679
4629:10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5239
3830:Erdman, John W. (2022).
3697:10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2033
3640:10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3654
3334:Staff, Sensory Society.
2931:10.1515/znc-2003-11-1224
731:FolinâCiocalteu reaction
568:Liquidâliquid extraction
9327:Trihydroxybenzoic acids
8591:O-methylated flavonoids
8586:C-methylated flavonoids
7634:Saturated cyclic acids
7135:Trihydroxybenzoic acids
6399:O-methylated flavonoids
6394:C-methylated flavonoids
5384:Secodehydroabietic acid
3895:10.3945/ajcn.116.139097
3690:(4): 2033. April 2011.
3586:. Nutraceuticals World.
3536:"Vitamins and minerals"
3514:"Vitamins and minerals"
3449:10.3389/fnut.2018.00087
2639:10.1002/jctb.5010091207
1961:10.1111/1750-3841.12715
1949:Journal of Food Science
1729:Natural Product Reports
1638:10.1351/pac198961030357
1473:, likely by grapefruit
1277:Cardiovascular diseases
906:, such as insects, and
845:photographic developers
829:. For instance, in the
789:low-density lipoprotein
580:critical carbon dioxide
277:seed and other cereals.
260:Phenolic acids include
194:(-OH) group (hence the
9268:Dihydroxybenzoic acids
8631:Flavonoid biosynthesis
8469:3-hydroxyanthocyanidin
7076:Dihydroxybenzoic acids
6439:Flavonoid biosynthesis
6277:3-hydroxyanthocyanidin
5179:Farnesyl pyrophosphate
3436:Frontiers in Nutrition
3373:10.1093/ajcn/81.1.330S
3366:(1 Suppl): 330Sâ335S.
3272:10.1093/ajcn/81.1.326S
3265:(1 Suppl): 326Sâ329S.
3069:10.1074/jbc.M302783200
2784:10.1098/rspb.1947.0027
1556:10.1002/anie.201000044
1432:gastrointestinal tract
1399:) â is a prescription
1290:capillary permeability
1102:
773:diphenylpicrylhydrazyl
714:. An oxidizing agent,
656:Instrumental chemistry
630:
576:Solid phase extraction
545:structural elucidation
527:
494:
414:
372:raspberry ellagitannin
349:
341:Raspberry ellagitannin
214:
158:
49:
9415:Hydroxycinnamic acids
9297:Ethyl protocatechuate
9233:4-Hydroxybenzoic acid
9228:3-Hydroxybenzoic acid
9002:Flavono-ellagitannins
8993:Phlorofucofuroeckol B
8969:Phlorofucofuroeckol A
8901:Catechol-type tannins
8896:Polyflavonoid tannins
8446:3-deoxyanthocyanidins
7813:Secondary metabolites
7530:3,3'-Diindolylmethane
7458:Aglycone derivatives
7223:Hydroxycinnamic acids
7105:Ethyl protocatechuate
7041:4-Hydroxybenzoic acid
7036:3-Hydroxybenzoic acid
6810:Flavono-ellagitannins
6801:Phlorofucofuroeckol B
6777:Phlorofucofuroeckol A
6709:Catechol-type tannins
6704:Polyflavonoid tannins
6254:3-deoxyanthocyanidins
5381:Sandaracopimaric acid
5026:Geranyl pyrophosphate
4348:10.1089/ars.2012.4581
4203:10.1093/nutrit/nuy010
3171:10.4161/oxim.2.5.9498
2260:10.2144/btn-2018-0084
1705:10.1093/ajcn/79.5.727
1515:Secondary metabolites
1510:Polyphenolic proteins
1300:, on blood pressure.
1097:
983:Myriophyllum spicatum
616:
518:
483:
401:
339:
297:generally moderately
290:(i.e., the tannins).
257:(onion, tea, apples).
209:
145:
35:
9478:Aromatic amino acids
9389:Other phenolic acids
8784:Hydrolysable tannins
8676:Secoisolariciresinol
7545:Allyl isothiocyanate
7472:Allyl isothiocyanate
7286:Aromatic amino acids
7197:Other phenolic acids
6592:Hydrolysable tannins
6484:Secoisolariciresinol
5571:Tetraprenylcurcumene
5052:Grapefruit mercaptan
4309:dailymed.nlm.nih.gov
4091:(9): 1483â1500.e17.
3221:10.3390/ijms11041321
2975:10.1094/Phyto-64-939
2559:. Indus Publishing.
1741:10.1039/NP9941100041
1343:, are classified as
803:diode array detector
712:volumetric titration
650:paper chromatography
634:Phosphomolybdic acid
592:measured extractable
531:Analytical chemistry
436:Structural chemistry
403:Theaflavin-3-gallate
384:theaflavin-3-gallate
9511:5-hydroxytryptophan
9317:Protocatechuic acid
9026:Other Miscellaneous
8029:Natural monophenols
7895:Geranyl diphosphate
7319:5-hydroxytryptophan
7125:Protocatechuic acid
6834:Other Miscellaneous
5837:Natural monophenols
5354:Dehydroabietic acid
4820:(cyclopentane ring)
4048:10.1093/ajcn/nqz178
3944:10.1038/jhh.2014.46
3062:(34): 31647â31656.
3029:2000WatRe..34.3026N
2775:1947RSPSB.134..485D
2532:2003SeAcB..96..636M
2303:1982JCEco...8.1289T
1918:2003CEPPI..42..129P
1806:2005JCTB...80..433M
1389:dietary supplements
1328:in healthy adults.
1271:bioactive compounds
1267:signaling molecules
1190:daily intake levels
1110:essential nutrients
1043:glucosyltransferase
831:Indian subcontinent
682:Microscopy analysis
609:Analysis techniques
321:and its derivatives
9598:Phenolic compounds
8841:Tellimagrandin IIs
8021:phenolic compounds
7406:Phenolic compounds
6649:Tellimagrandin IIs
5829:phenolic compounds
5791:Phenolic compounds
4814:Bicyclic (2 rings)
2924:(11â12): 879â884.
2666:10.1007/BF02621421
2311:10.1007/BF00987762
2066:10.1007/BF02523372
1320:Cognitive function
1071:Occurrence in food
1053:Polyphenol oxidase
920:polyphenol oxidase
631:
528:
495:
415:
350:
332:Quideau definition
215:
159:
50:
9612:
9611:
9524:
9523:
9409:
9408:
9307:Homogentisic acid
9278:(Hypogallic acid)
9262:
9261:
9155:
9154:
9076:
9075:
9043:Synthetic tannins
9005:(complex tannins)
8891:Proanthocyanidins
8883:Condensed tannins
8877:
8876:
8864:Digalloyl glucose
8774:Types of natural
8637:
8636:
8624:
8623:
8567:
8566:
8540:Isoliquiritigenin
8490:
8489:
8431:
8430:
8269:
8268:
7986:
7985:
7976:âEnzyme cofactors
7779:
7778:
7525:Indole-3-carbinol
7511:Diallyl disulfide
7420:
7419:
7332:
7331:
7217:
7216:
7115:Homogentisic acid
7086:(Hypogallic acid)
7070:
7069:
6963:
6962:
6884:
6883:
6851:Synthetic tannins
6813:(complex tannins)
6699:Proanthocyanidins
6691:Condensed tannins
6685:
6684:
6672:Digalloyl glucose
6582:Types of natural
6445:
6444:
6432:
6431:
6375:
6374:
6348:Isoliquiritigenin
6298:
6297:
6239:
6238:
6077:
6076:
5783:
5782:
5731:7,8-dihydroionone
5690:
5689:
5557:
5556:
5394:
5393:
5362:Lambertianic acid
5136:
5135:
4985:
4984:
4800:Acyclic (linear,
4436:978-1-118-35440-7
4342:(14): 1818â1892.
4190:Nutrition Reviews
3409:10.1021/jf073031n
3313:10.1021/jf072304b
3105:10.1021/jf035234r
3099:(11): 3467â3472.
3023:(11): 3026â3032.
2808:Tissue & Cell
2724:Tissue & Cell
2566:978-81-7387-162-7
2505:10.1021/jf960721a
2460:10.1021/jf9913458
2381:10.1021/jf8026765
2297:(10): 1289â1298.
2185:10.1021/jf9016652
2179:(16): 7298â7303.
1890:978-0-85404-580-8
1845:(12): 1727â1738.
1814:10.1002/jctb.1222
1617:Nonaka G (1989).
1543:Angewandte Chemie
1479:green tea extract
1405:clinical evidence
1326:cognitive effects
1114:digestive enzymes
889:condensed tannins
672:mass spectrometry
658:analyses include
584:liquid extraction
521:tellimagrandin II
467:Proanthocyanidins
463:condensed tannins
319:proanthocyanidins
251:proanthocyanidins
237:(citrus fruits),
16:(Redirected from
9637:
9579:Alkylresorcinols
9443:Chlorogenic acid
9218:
9209:
9189:
9182:
9175:
9166:
9116:Phenylpropanoids
9088:Diarylheptanoids
8964:Fucophlorethol A
8789:
8768:
8761:
8754:
8745:
8606:Prenylflavonoids
8601:Pyranoflavonoids
8596:Furanoflavonoids
8524:
8442:
8370:Leucodelphinidin
8358:Flavan-3,4-diols
8280:
8261:Dalbergichromene
8176:
8167:
8146:
8139:
8132:
8123:
8100:
8093:
8086:
8077:
8013:
8006:
7999:
7990:
7806:
7799:
7792:
7783:
7387:Alkylresorcinols
7251:Chlorogenic acid
7026:
7017:
6997:
6990:
6983:
6974:
6924:Phenylpropanoids
6896:Diarylheptanoids
6772:Fucophlorethol A
6597:
6576:
6569:
6562:
6553:
6414:Prenylflavonoids
6409:Pyranoflavonoids
6404:Furanoflavonoids
6332:
6250:
6178:Leucodelphinidin
6166:Flavan-3,4-diols
6088:
6069:Dalbergichromene
5984:
5975:
5954:
5947:
5940:
5931:
5908:
5901:
5894:
5885:
5821:
5814:
5807:
5798:
5591:
5423:
5400:Sesterterpenoids
5366:Levopimaric acid
5228:Geranyl-linalool
5209:
5142:Sesquiterpenoids
5082:Perillyl alcohol
4996:
4891:
4770:
4763:
4756:
4747:
4724:
4717:
4710:
4701:
4682:
4681:
4657:
4651:
4650:
4640:
4608:
4602:
4601:
4585:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4564:
4543:
4537:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4526:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4507:
4492:
4482:
4476:
4475:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4420:
4411:
4410:
4400:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4359:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4301:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4290:
4279:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4232:
4226:
4225:
4215:
4205:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4140:
4131:
4125:
4124:
4079:
4070:
4069:
4059:
4042:(5): 1067â1078.
4027:
4021:
4020:
4010:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3923:
3917:
3916:
3906:
3889:(1): 249Sâ285S.
3874:
3868:
3867:
3827:
3821:
3820:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3757:
3751:
3750:
3740:
3708:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3676:
3670:
3669:
3664:
3662:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3619:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3605:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3579:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3554:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3461:
3451:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3403:(4): 1376â1386.
3392:
3386:
3385:
3375:
3351:
3345:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3315:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3274:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3233:
3223:
3214:(4): 1321â1342.
3199:
3193:
3192:
3182:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3088:
3082:
3081:
3071:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3012:
3006:
3005:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2933:
2909:
2903:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2838:
2832:
2831:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2786:
2769:(877): 485â503.
2754:
2748:
2747:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2499:(5): 1638â1643.
2488:
2482:
2481:
2471:
2454:(8): 3396â3402.
2443:
2437:
2436:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2375:(4): 1156â1161.
2364:
2358:
2357:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2272:
2262:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2127:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2093:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2060:(9): 1121â1125.
2049:
2043:
2042:
2014:
2008:
2007:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1955:(1): E101âE107.
1943:
1930:
1929:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1878:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1769:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1707:
1683:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1623:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1592:
1569:
1568:
1558:
1534:
1436:hemolytic anemia
1386:non-prescription
1294:chlorogenic acid
1049:of polyphenols.
692:autofluorescence
582:, high-pressure
510:carboxylic acids
489:and its 10-atom
417:Polyphenols are
282:WBSSH definition
181:
175:
174:
137:tanning garments
110:
109:
106:
105:
102:
99:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
69:
66:
63:
21:
9645:
9644:
9640:
9639:
9638:
9636:
9635:
9634:
9615:
9614:
9613:
9608:
9583:
9557:
9530:Phenylethanoids
9520:
9472:
9448:Diferulic acids
9405:
9384:
9321:
9312:Orsellinic acid
9258:
9242:
9198:
9193:
9151:
9136:
9110:Naphthoquinones
9072:
9021:
9012:Epicutissimin A
9004:
8996:
8915:
8873:
8850:
8778:
8772:
8734:
8720:
8693:
8685:
8663:
8659:
8651:
8633:
8620:
8563:
8551:Dihydrochalcone
8545:
8513:
8486:
8463:
8427:
8403:
8375:
8352:
8331:
8323:
8302:
8294:
8265:
8247:
8220:
8197:
8156:
8150:
8118:
8110:
8104:
8066:
8023:
8017:
7987:
7982:
7970:
7942:
7909:
7881:
7869:Natural phenols
7863:
7825:
7815:
7810:
7780:
7775:
7760:
7715:Polysaccharides
7698:Monosaccharides
7684:
7621:
7603:
7561:
7462:Isothiocyanates
7447:Gluconasturtiin
7437:isothiocyanates
7422:
7421:
7416:
7391:
7365:
7338:Phenylethanoids
7328:
7280:
7256:Diferulic acids
7213:
7192:
7129:
7120:Orsellinic acid
7066:
7050:
7006:
7001:
6959:
6944:
6918:Naphthoquinones
6880:
6829:
6820:Epicutissimin A
6812:
6804:
6723:
6681:
6658:
6586:
6580:
6542:
6528:
6501:
6493:
6471:
6467:
6459:
6441:
6428:
6371:
6359:Dihydrochalcone
6353:
6321:
6294:
6271:
6235:
6211:
6183:
6160:
6139:
6131:
6110:
6102:
6073:
6055:
6028:
6005:
5964:
5958:
5926:
5918:
5912:
5874:
5831:
5825:
5785:
5784:
5779:
5756:
5734:
5717:
5686:
5642:
5582:
5580:Tetraterpenoids
5574:
5553:
5494:
5485:Cholecalciferol
5411:
5408:Geranylfarnesol
5390:
5373:Neoabietic acid
5358:Isopimaric acid
5333:
5307:
5277:
5252:
5231:
5197:
5132:
5091:
5040:
4991:
4990:Monoterpenoids
4981:
4936:
4910:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4870:
4866:Isovaleric acid
4856:
4852:
4832:
4789:
4774:
4734:
4728:
4691:
4686:
4685:
4659:
4658:
4654:
4610:
4609:
4605:
4594:
4583:
4577:
4576:
4572:
4562:
4560:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4530:
4528:
4524:
4520:
4519:
4515:
4505:
4503:
4501:
4490:
4484:
4483:
4479:
4457:
4456:
4452:
4437:
4422:
4421:
4414:
4398:10.1002/fft2.25
4378:
4377:
4373:
4329:
4328:
4324:
4314:
4312:
4303:
4302:
4298:
4288:
4286:
4281:
4280:
4269:
4259:
4257:
4252:
4251:
4247:
4239:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4183:
4182:
4178:
4138:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4081:
4080:
4073:
4029:
4028:
4024:
3993:(5): CD008893.
3980:
3979:
3975:
3925:
3924:
3920:
3876:
3875:
3871:
3829:
3828:
3824:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3759:
3758:
3754:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3660:
3658:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3633:(5). May 2014.
3621:
3620:
3616:
3603:
3601:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3581:
3580:
3573:
3563:
3561:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3541:
3539:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3519:
3517:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3394:
3393:
3389:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3343:Wayback Machine
3333:
3329:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3201:
3200:
3196:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3014:
3013:
3009:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2885:
2881:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2633:(12): 665â673.
2624:
2623:
2619:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2595:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2273:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2096:Food Bioscience
2091:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2016:
2015:
2011:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1945:
1944:
1933:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1876:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1820:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1760:
1756:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1685:
1684:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1626:Pure Appl. Chem
1621:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1601:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1572:
1536:
1535:
1528:
1523:
1491:
1475:furanocoumarins
1428:Adverse effects
1425:
1413:
1359:
1353:
1334:
1322:
1306:
1279:
1248:clinical trials
1192:, as exist for
1178:
1145:
1089:
1081:Main articles:
1079:
1073:
1004:phenylpropanoid
1000:natural phenols
996:
936:
897:natural phenols
893:nutrient cycles
885:
853:
827:leather tanning
819:
807:absolute values
708:
684:
619:natural phenols
611:
599:ultrafiltration
557:
533:
499:hydroxyl groups
438:
421:species toward
396:
358:phenylpropanoid
334:
284:
233:(tea, fruits),
219:hydroxyl groups
204:
164:
96:
60:
56:
42:phenylpropanoid
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9643:
9641:
9633:
9632:
9630:Phytochemicals
9627:
9617:
9616:
9610:
9609:
9607:
9606:
9600:
9594:
9592:
9585:
9584:
9582:
9581:
9576:
9571:
9565:
9563:
9559:
9558:
9556:
9555:
9550:
9545:
9543:Hydroxytyrosol
9540:
9534:
9532:
9526:
9525:
9522:
9521:
9519:
9518:
9513:
9508:
9503:
9498:
9493:
9488:
9482:
9480:
9474:
9473:
9471:
9470:
9468:Sinapinic acid
9465:
9460:
9455:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9425:
9419:
9417:
9411:
9410:
9407:
9406:
9404:
9403:
9398:
9392:
9390:
9386:
9385:
9383:
9382:
9377:
9372:
9367:
9362:
9357:
9352:
9347:
9342:
9337:
9331:
9329:
9323:
9322:
9320:
9319:
9314:
9309:
9304:
9299:
9294:
9289:
9284:
9279:
9272:
9270:
9264:
9263:
9260:
9259:
9257:
9256:
9250:
9248:
9244:
9243:
9241:
9240:
9238:Salicylic acid
9235:
9230:
9224:
9222:
9215:
9206:
9204:Phenolic acids
9200:
9199:
9196:Aromatic acids
9194:
9192:
9191:
9184:
9177:
9169:
9163:
9161:Aromatic acids
9157:
9156:
9153:
9152:
9147:
9145:
9138:
9137:
9135:
9134:
9125:
9119:
9113:
9107:
9102:
9096:
9094:Anthraquinones
9091:
9084:
9082:
9078:
9077:
9074:
9073:
9071:
9070:
9069:
9068:
9063:
9058:
9053:
9045:
9040:
9038:Pseudo tannins
9035:
9033:Tannin sources
9029:
9027:
9023:
9022:
9020:
9019:
9014:
9008:
9006:
8998:
8997:
8995:
8994:
8991:
8986:
8981:
8976:
8971:
8966:
8961:
8956:
8951:
8946:
8941:
8936:
8931:
8925:
8923:
8917:
8916:
8914:
8913:
8908:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8887:
8885:
8879:
8878:
8875:
8874:
8872:
8871:
8866:
8860:
8858:
8852:
8851:
8849:
8848:
8843:
8838:
8833:
8828:
8823:
8818:
8813:
8808:
8803:
8797:
8795:
8786:
8780:
8779:
8773:
8771:
8770:
8763:
8756:
8748:
8742:
8736:
8735:
8730:
8728:
8722:
8721:
8719:
8718:
8713:
8708:
8703:
8697:
8695:
8687:
8686:
8684:
8683:
8678:
8673:
8667:
8665:
8661:
8653:
8652:
8647:
8645:
8643:Flavonolignans
8639:
8638:
8635:
8634:
8629:
8626:
8625:
8622:
8621:
8619:
8618:
8613:
8611:Methylenedioxy
8608:
8603:
8598:
8593:
8588:
8583:
8577:
8575:
8569:
8568:
8565:
8564:
8562:
8561:
8555:
8553:
8547:
8546:
8544:
8543:
8532:
8530:
8521:
8515:
8514:
8512:
8511:
8506:
8500:
8498:
8492:
8491:
8488:
8487:
8485:
8484:
8481:Guibourtinidin
8473:
8471:
8465:
8464:
8462:
8461:
8450:
8448:
8439:
8437:Anthocyanidins
8433:
8432:
8429:
8428:
8426:
8425:
8419:
8413:
8411:
8405:
8404:
8402:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8385:
8383:
8377:
8376:
8374:
8373:
8362:
8360:
8354:
8353:
8351:
8350:
8339:
8337:
8325:
8324:
8322:
8321:
8310:
8308:
8296:
8295:
8293:
8292:
8286:
8284:
8277:
8271:
8270:
8267:
8266:
8264:
8263:
8257:
8255:
8249:
8248:
8246:
8245:
8230:
8228:
8222:
8221:
8219:
8218:
8207:
8205:
8199:
8198:
8196:
8195:
8184:
8182:
8173:
8164:
8158:
8157:
8151:
8149:
8148:
8141:
8134:
8126:
8120:
8112:
8111:
8105:
8103:
8102:
8095:
8088:
8080:
8074:
8068:
8067:
8065:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8033:
8031:
8025:
8024:
8018:
8016:
8015:
8008:
8001:
7993:
7984:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7972:
7971:
7969:
7968:
7963:
7958:
7952:
7950:
7944:
7943:
7941:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7919:
7917:
7911:
7910:
7908:
7907:
7902:
7897:
7891:
7889:
7887:Monoterpenoids
7883:
7882:
7880:
7879:
7873:
7871:
7865:
7864:
7862:
7861:
7856:
7851:
7846:
7841:
7835:
7833:
7827:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7817:
7816:
7811:
7809:
7808:
7801:
7794:
7786:
7777:
7776:
7771:
7769:
7762:
7761:
7759:
7758:
7757:
7756:
7751:
7746:
7745:
7744:
7734:
7733:
7732:
7727:
7712:
7711:
7710:
7705:
7694:
7692:
7686:
7685:
7683:
7682:
7677:
7672:
7667:
7662:
7660:Anacardic acid
7657:
7652:
7647:
7646:
7645:
7640:
7631:
7629:
7623:
7622:
7620:
7619:
7613:
7611:
7605:
7604:
7602:
7601:
7600:
7599:
7594:
7584:
7583:
7582:
7571:
7569:
7563:
7562:
7560:
7559:
7558:
7557:
7552:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7517:
7516:
7515:
7514:
7513:
7503:
7496:Organosulfides
7493:
7492:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7480:
7479:
7474:
7469:
7456:
7455:
7454:
7449:
7444:
7432:
7430:
7428:Glucosinolates
7424:
7423:
7418:
7417:
7415:
7414:
7408:
7402:
7400:
7393:
7392:
7390:
7389:
7384:
7379:
7373:
7371:
7367:
7366:
7364:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7351:Hydroxytyrosol
7348:
7342:
7340:
7334:
7333:
7330:
7329:
7327:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7290:
7288:
7282:
7281:
7279:
7278:
7276:Sinapinic acid
7273:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7248:
7243:
7238:
7233:
7227:
7225:
7219:
7218:
7215:
7214:
7212:
7211:
7206:
7200:
7198:
7194:
7193:
7191:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7139:
7137:
7131:
7130:
7128:
7127:
7122:
7117:
7112:
7107:
7102:
7097:
7092:
7087:
7080:
7078:
7072:
7071:
7068:
7067:
7065:
7064:
7058:
7056:
7052:
7051:
7049:
7048:
7046:Salicylic acid
7043:
7038:
7032:
7030:
7023:
7014:
7012:Phenolic acids
7008:
7007:
7004:Aromatic acids
7002:
7000:
6999:
6992:
6985:
6977:
6971:
6969:Aromatic acids
6965:
6964:
6961:
6960:
6955:
6953:
6946:
6945:
6943:
6942:
6933:
6927:
6921:
6915:
6910:
6904:
6902:Anthraquinones
6899:
6892:
6890:
6886:
6885:
6882:
6881:
6879:
6878:
6877:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6853:
6848:
6846:Pseudo tannins
6843:
6841:Tannin sources
6837:
6835:
6831:
6830:
6828:
6827:
6822:
6816:
6814:
6806:
6805:
6803:
6802:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6733:
6731:
6725:
6724:
6722:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6695:
6693:
6687:
6686:
6683:
6682:
6680:
6679:
6674:
6668:
6666:
6660:
6659:
6657:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6605:
6603:
6594:
6588:
6587:
6581:
6579:
6578:
6571:
6564:
6556:
6550:
6544:
6543:
6538:
6536:
6530:
6529:
6527:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6505:
6503:
6495:
6494:
6492:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6475:
6473:
6469:
6461:
6460:
6455:
6453:
6451:Flavonolignans
6447:
6446:
6443:
6442:
6437:
6434:
6433:
6430:
6429:
6427:
6426:
6421:
6419:Methylenedioxy
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6385:
6383:
6377:
6376:
6373:
6372:
6370:
6369:
6363:
6361:
6355:
6354:
6352:
6351:
6340:
6338:
6329:
6323:
6322:
6320:
6319:
6314:
6308:
6306:
6300:
6299:
6296:
6295:
6293:
6292:
6289:Guibourtinidin
6281:
6279:
6273:
6272:
6270:
6269:
6258:
6256:
6247:
6245:Anthocyanidins
6241:
6240:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6233:
6227:
6221:
6219:
6213:
6212:
6210:
6209:
6204:
6199:
6193:
6191:
6185:
6184:
6182:
6181:
6170:
6168:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6158:
6147:
6145:
6133:
6132:
6130:
6129:
6118:
6116:
6104:
6103:
6101:
6100:
6094:
6092:
6085:
6079:
6078:
6075:
6074:
6072:
6071:
6065:
6063:
6057:
6056:
6054:
6053:
6038:
6036:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6026:
6015:
6013:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6003:
5992:
5990:
5981:
5972:
5966:
5965:
5959:
5957:
5956:
5949:
5942:
5934:
5928:
5920:
5919:
5913:
5911:
5910:
5903:
5896:
5888:
5882:
5876:
5875:
5873:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5841:
5839:
5833:
5832:
5826:
5824:
5823:
5816:
5809:
5801:
5795:
5793:
5787:
5786:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5777:
5771:
5764:
5762:
5758:
5757:
5755:
5754:
5751:protein domain
5742:
5740:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5732:
5729:
5725:
5723:
5719:
5718:
5716:
5715:
5712:
5707:
5705:Natural rubber
5701:
5699:
5696:Polyterpenoids
5692:
5691:
5688:
5687:
5685:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5653:
5651:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5618:Delta-Carotene
5615:
5613:Gamma-Carotene
5610:
5605:
5603:Alpha-Carotene
5599:
5597:
5588:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5569:
5565:
5563:
5559:
5558:
5555:
5554:
5552:
5551:
5550:
5549:
5544:
5542:Betulinic acid
5539:
5534:
5532:Oleanolic acid
5526:
5521:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5502:
5500:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5466:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5444:Citrostadienol
5442:
5431:
5429:
5420:
5413:
5412:
5410:
5409:
5405:
5403:
5396:
5395:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5388:
5387:Palustric acid
5385:
5382:
5379:
5374:
5371:
5368:
5363:
5360:
5355:
5352:
5349:
5343:
5341:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5315:
5313:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5305:
5302:
5299:
5296:
5291:
5285:
5283:
5279:
5278:
5276:
5275:
5270:
5267:
5260:
5258:
5254:
5253:
5251:
5250:
5245:
5239:
5237:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5226:
5221:
5215:
5213:
5206:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5192:
5189:
5184:
5181:
5176:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5147:
5145:
5138:
5137:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5113:Bornyl acetate
5110:
5105:
5099:
5097:
5093:
5092:
5090:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5048:
5046:
5042:
5041:
5039:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5002:
5000:
4993:
4987:
4986:
4983:
4982:
4980:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4944:
4942:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4918:
4916:
4912:
4911:
4909:
4908:
4903:
4897:
4895:
4888:
4884:
4880:
4872:
4871:
4869:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4843:
4841:
4838:Hemiterpenoids
4834:
4833:
4831:
4830:
4824:
4821:
4815:
4812:
4809:
4797:
4795:
4791:
4790:
4775:
4773:
4772:
4765:
4758:
4750:
4744:
4742:
4736:
4735:
4732:phytochemicals
4729:
4727:
4726:
4719:
4712:
4704:
4698:
4697:
4690:
4689:External links
4687:
4684:
4683:
4652:
4603:
4592:
4570:
4538:
4513:
4499:
4477:
4450:
4435:
4412:
4391:(2): 109â133.
4385:Food Frontiers
4371:
4322:
4296:
4267:
4245:
4227:
4196:(6): 432â443.
4176:
4126:
4071:
4022:
3973:
3918:
3869:
3822:
3803:(7): 838â849.
3787:
3768:(7): 838â849.
3752:
3703:
3671:
3646:
3614:
3589:
3571:
3549:
3527:
3505:
3473:
3422:
3387:
3346:
3327:
3306:(1): 139â147.
3286:
3245:
3194:
3165:(5): 270â278.
3145:
3118:
3083:
3042:
3017:Water Research
3007:
2996:(2): 144â149.
2980:
2969:(7): 939â948.
2963:Phytopathology
2953:
2904:
2892:Phytochemistry
2879:
2876:(31): 371â381.
2856:
2853:(19): 333â342.
2833:
2814:(1): 103â126.
2798:
2749:
2730:(6): 919â932.
2714:
2695:(6): 238â243.
2679:
2660:(5): 311â315.
2644:
2617:
2600:
2594:978-0240802770
2593:
2587:. p. 25.
2575:
2565:
2545:
2526:(3): 636â645.
2510:
2483:
2438:
2411:(2): 109â124.
2394:
2359:
2332:
2281:
2233:
2222:(2): 176â181.
2206:
2163:
2136:(8): 770â795.
2113:
2079:
2044:
2025:(1â2): 37â43.
2009:
1990:(1): 117â124.
1974:
1931:
1912:(2): 129â133.
1896:
1889:
1864:
1829:
1800:(4): 433â438.
1784:
1770:
1754:
1719:
1698:(5): 727â747.
1673:
1651:
1632:(3): 357â360.
1609:
1570:
1549:(3): 586â621.
1525:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1505:Phytochemistry
1502:
1497:
1490:
1487:
1440:hepatotoxicity
1424:
1421:
1417:gut microbiota
1412:
1411:Gut microbiome
1409:
1355:Main article:
1352:
1349:
1345:phytoestrogens
1333:
1332:Phytoestrogens
1330:
1321:
1318:
1305:
1302:
1278:
1275:
1233:hydroxytyrosol
1221:European Union
1186:dietary energy
1177:
1174:
1156:polymerization
1144:
1141:
1072:
1069:
1065:fruit browning
995:
992:
990:interactions.
975:
974:
967:
964:
957:
954:
951:plant pigments
947:
935:
932:
916:sclerotization
884:
881:
861:polymerization
852:
849:
818:
815:
737:technologies.
720:standard curve
707:
706:Quantification
704:
683:
680:
610:
607:
556:
553:
549:quantification
537:phytochemistry
532:
529:
442:macromolecules
437:
434:
395:
392:
333:
330:
329:
328:
322:
312:
311:
308:
305:
302:
283:
280:
279:
278:
264:
258:
223:aromatic rings
213:, a polyphenol
203:
200:
163:
160:
117:phenolic acids
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9642:
9631:
9628:
9626:
9623:
9622:
9620:
9604:
9603:Phlorotannins
9601:
9599:
9596:
9595:
9593:
9590:
9586:
9580:
9577:
9575:
9572:
9570:
9567:
9566:
9564:
9560:
9554:
9551:
9549:
9546:
9544:
9541:
9539:
9536:
9535:
9533:
9531:
9527:
9517:
9514:
9512:
9509:
9507:
9504:
9502:
9499:
9497:
9494:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9486:phenylalanine
9484:
9483:
9481:
9479:
9475:
9469:
9466:
9464:
9461:
9459:
9456:
9454:
9453:Coumaric acid
9451:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9438:Cinnamic acid
9436:
9434:
9433:Chicoric acid
9431:
9429:
9426:
9424:
9421:
9420:
9418:
9416:
9412:
9402:
9399:
9397:
9394:
9393:
9391:
9387:
9381:
9378:
9376:
9375:Syringic acid
9373:
9371:
9368:
9366:
9363:
9361:
9358:
9356:
9353:
9351:
9350:Eudesmic acid
9348:
9346:
9345:Ethyl gallate
9343:
9341:
9340:Chebulic acid
9338:
9336:
9333:
9332:
9330:
9328:
9324:
9318:
9315:
9313:
9310:
9308:
9305:
9303:
9302:Gentisic acid
9300:
9298:
9295:
9293:
9290:
9288:
9285:
9283:
9280:
9277:
9274:
9273:
9271:
9269:
9265:
9255:
9252:
9251:
9249:
9245:
9239:
9236:
9234:
9231:
9229:
9226:
9225:
9223:
9219:
9216:
9214:
9210:
9207:
9205:
9201:
9197:
9190:
9185:
9183:
9178:
9176:
9171:
9170:
9167:
9164:
9162:
9158:
9150:
9146:
9143:
9139:
9133:
9129:
9126:
9123:
9120:
9117:
9114:
9111:
9108:
9106:
9103:
9100:
9097:
9095:
9092:
9089:
9086:
9085:
9083:
9079:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9059:
9057:
9054:
9052:
9049:
9048:
9046:
9044:
9041:
9039:
9036:
9034:
9031:
9030:
9028:
9024:
9018:
9017:Acutissimin A
9015:
9013:
9010:
9009:
9007:
9003:
8999:
8992:
8990:
8989:7-Phloroeckol
8987:
8985:
8982:
8980:
8977:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8960:
8957:
8955:
8952:
8950:
8947:
8945:
8942:
8940:
8937:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8926:
8924:
8922:
8921:Phlorotannins
8918:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8888:
8886:
8884:
8880:
8870:
8867:
8865:
8862:
8861:
8859:
8857:
8853:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8827:
8824:
8822:
8819:
8817:
8814:
8812:
8809:
8807:
8804:
8802:
8799:
8798:
8796:
8794:
8793:Ellagitannins
8790:
8787:
8785:
8781:
8777:
8769:
8764:
8762:
8757:
8755:
8750:
8749:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8737:
8733:
8729:
8727:
8723:
8717:
8714:
8712:
8709:
8707:
8706:Pterostilbene
8704:
8702:
8699:
8698:
8696:
8692:
8688:
8682:
8679:
8677:
8674:
8672:
8669:
8668:
8666:
8658:
8654:
8650:
8646:
8644:
8640:
8632:
8627:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8609:
8607:
8604:
8602:
8599:
8597:
8594:
8592:
8589:
8587:
8584:
8582:
8579:
8578:
8576:
8574:
8573:Miscellaneous
8570:
8560:
8557:
8556:
8554:
8552:
8548:
8541:
8537:
8534:
8533:
8531:
8529:
8525:
8522:
8520:
8516:
8510:
8507:
8505:
8502:
8501:
8499:
8497:
8493:
8482:
8478:
8475:
8474:
8472:
8470:
8466:
8459:
8455:
8452:
8451:
8449:
8447:
8443:
8440:
8438:
8434:
8423:
8420:
8418:
8415:
8414:
8412:
8410:
8406:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8386:
8384:
8382:
8378:
8371:
8367:
8366:Leucocyanidin
8364:
8363:
8361:
8359:
8355:
8348:
8344:
8341:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8330:
8326:
8319:
8318:Gallocatechol
8315:
8312:
8311:
8309:
8306:
8301:
8297:
8291:
8290:Luteoliflavan
8288:
8287:
8285:
8281:
8278:
8276:
8272:
8262:
8259:
8258:
8256:
8254:
8253:Neoflavonoids
8250:
8243:
8239:
8235:
8232:
8231:
8229:
8227:
8223:
8216:
8212:
8209:
8208:
8206:
8204:
8200:
8193:
8189:
8186:
8185:
8183:
8181:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8171:Anthoxanthins
8168:
8165:
8163:
8159:
8155:
8147:
8142:
8140:
8135:
8133:
8128:
8127:
8124:
8121:
8117:
8113:
8109:
8101:
8096:
8094:
8089:
8087:
8082:
8081:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8069:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8042:Benzenetriols
8040:
8038:
8035:
8034:
8032:
8030:
8026:
8022:
8014:
8009:
8007:
8002:
8000:
7995:
7994:
7991:
7979:
7977:
7973:
7967:
7964:
7962:
7959:
7957:
7954:
7953:
7951:
7949:
7945:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7920:
7918:
7916:
7912:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7898:
7896:
7893:
7892:
7890:
7888:
7884:
7878:
7875:
7874:
7872:
7870:
7866:
7860:
7857:
7855:
7852:
7850:
7847:
7845:
7842:
7840:
7837:
7836:
7834:
7832:
7828:
7822:
7818:
7814:
7807:
7802:
7800:
7795:
7793:
7788:
7787:
7784:
7774:
7770:
7767:
7763:
7755:
7752:
7750:
7747:
7743:
7740:
7739:
7738:
7735:
7731:
7728:
7726:
7723:
7722:
7721:
7718:
7717:
7716:
7713:
7709:
7706:
7704:
7701:
7700:
7699:
7696:
7695:
7693:
7691:
7690:Carbohydrates
7687:
7681:
7680:Fertaric acid
7678:
7676:
7675:Coutaric acid
7673:
7671:
7670:Caftaric acid
7668:
7666:
7663:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7655:Tartaric acid
7653:
7651:
7648:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7635:
7633:
7632:
7630:
7628:
7627:Organic acids
7624:
7618:
7617:Chlorophyllin
7615:
7614:
7612:
7610:
7606:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7592:Indicaxanthin
7590:
7589:
7588:
7585:
7581:
7578:
7577:
7576:
7573:
7572:
7570:
7568:
7564:
7556:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7522:
7521:
7518:
7512:
7509:
7508:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7498:
7497:
7494:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7464:
7463:
7460:
7459:
7457:
7453:
7452:Glucoraphanin
7450:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7439:
7438:
7435:Precursor to
7434:
7433:
7431:
7429:
7425:
7412:
7411:Phlorotannins
7409:
7407:
7404:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7394:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7374:
7372:
7368:
7362:
7359:
7357:
7354:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7344:
7343:
7341:
7339:
7335:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7294:phenylalanine
7292:
7291:
7289:
7287:
7283:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7261:Coumaric acid
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7246:Cinnamic acid
7244:
7242:
7241:Chicoric acid
7239:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7228:
7226:
7224:
7220:
7210:
7207:
7205:
7202:
7201:
7199:
7195:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7183:Syringic acid
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7158:Eudesmic acid
7156:
7154:
7153:Ethyl gallate
7151:
7149:
7148:Chebulic acid
7146:
7144:
7141:
7140:
7138:
7136:
7132:
7126:
7123:
7121:
7118:
7116:
7113:
7111:
7110:Gentisic acid
7108:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7085:
7082:
7081:
7079:
7077:
7073:
7063:
7060:
7059:
7057:
7053:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7033:
7031:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7009:
7005:
6998:
6993:
6991:
6986:
6984:
6979:
6978:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6966:
6958:
6954:
6951:
6947:
6941:
6937:
6934:
6931:
6928:
6925:
6922:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6911:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6897:
6894:
6893:
6891:
6887:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6856:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6838:
6836:
6832:
6826:
6825:Acutissimin A
6823:
6821:
6818:
6817:
6815:
6811:
6807:
6800:
6798:
6797:7-Phloroeckol
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6734:
6732:
6730:
6729:Phlorotannins
6726:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6692:
6688:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6669:
6667:
6665:
6661:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6606:
6604:
6602:
6601:Ellagitannins
6598:
6595:
6593:
6589:
6585:
6577:
6572:
6570:
6565:
6563:
6558:
6557:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6545:
6541:
6537:
6535:
6531:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6514:Pterostilbene
6512:
6510:
6507:
6506:
6504:
6500:
6496:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6476:
6474:
6466:
6462:
6458:
6454:
6452:
6448:
6440:
6435:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6386:
6384:
6382:
6381:Miscellaneous
6378:
6368:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6360:
6356:
6349:
6345:
6342:
6341:
6339:
6337:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6324:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6309:
6307:
6305:
6301:
6290:
6286:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6278:
6274:
6267:
6263:
6260:
6259:
6257:
6255:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6242:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6220:
6218:
6214:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6194:
6192:
6190:
6186:
6179:
6175:
6174:Leucocyanidin
6172:
6171:
6169:
6167:
6163:
6156:
6152:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6138:
6134:
6127:
6126:Gallocatechol
6123:
6120:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6109:
6105:
6099:
6098:Luteoliflavan
6096:
6095:
6093:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6080:
6070:
6067:
6066:
6064:
6062:
6061:Neoflavonoids
6058:
6051:
6047:
6043:
6040:
6039:
6037:
6035:
6031:
6024:
6020:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6012:
6008:
6001:
5997:
5994:
5993:
5991:
5989:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5979:Anthoxanthins
5976:
5973:
5971:
5967:
5963:
5955:
5950:
5948:
5943:
5941:
5936:
5935:
5932:
5929:
5925:
5921:
5917:
5909:
5904:
5902:
5897:
5895:
5890:
5889:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5877:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5850:Benzenetriols
5848:
5846:
5843:
5842:
5840:
5838:
5834:
5830:
5822:
5817:
5815:
5810:
5808:
5803:
5802:
5799:
5794:
5792:
5788:
5775:
5772:
5769:
5766:
5765:
5763:
5759:
5752:
5748:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5737:
5730:
5728:3-oxo-α-ionol
5727:
5726:
5724:
5720:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5693:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5662:Cryptoxanthin
5660:
5658:
5657:Canthaxanthin
5655:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5645:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5608:Beta-Carotene
5606:
5604:
5601:
5600:
5598:
5596:
5592:
5589:
5586:
5581:
5577:
5570:
5568:Ferrugicadiol
5567:
5566:
5564:
5560:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:Serratenediol
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5497:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5437:
5436:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5428:
5424:
5421:
5418:
5417:Triterpenoids
5414:
5407:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5386:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5372:
5370:Mercusic acid
5369:
5367:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5353:
5351:Communic acid
5350:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5340:
5336:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5316:
5314:
5310:
5303:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5284:
5280:
5274:
5271:
5268:
5265:
5262:
5261:
5259:
5255:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5234:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5210:
5207:
5204:
5200:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5139:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5072:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5043:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5003:
5001:
4997:
4994:
4988:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4957:
4953:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4943:
4939:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4913:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4889:
4877:
4873:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4835:
4828:
4825:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4803:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4792:
4787:
4783:
4779:
4771:
4766:
4764:
4759:
4757:
4752:
4751:
4748:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4733:
4725:
4720:
4718:
4713:
4711:
4706:
4705:
4702:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4688:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4656:
4653:
4648:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4623:(4): e05239.
4622:
4618:
4614:
4607:
4604:
4600:
4595:
4593:9780117069923
4589:
4582:
4581:
4574:
4571:
4558:
4554:
4553:
4548:
4542:
4539:
4523:
4517:
4514:
4502:
4500:9780117069923
4496:
4489:
4488:
4481:
4478:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4454:
4451:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4432:
4428:
4427:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4408:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4375:
4372:
4367:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4341:
4337:
4333:
4326:
4323:
4310:
4306:
4300:
4297:
4284:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4268:
4255:
4249:
4246:
4238:
4231:
4228:
4223:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4180:
4177:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4137:
4130:
4127:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4067:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4026:
4023:
4018:
4014:
4009:
4004:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3977:
3974:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3922:
3919:
3914:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3873:
3870:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3826:
3823:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3791:
3788:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3756:
3753:
3748:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3707:
3704:
3698:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3675:
3672:
3668:
3656:
3650:
3647:
3641:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3618:
3615:
3611:
3599:
3593:
3590:
3585:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3559:
3553:
3550:
3537:
3531:
3528:
3515:
3509:
3506:
3500:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3477:
3474:
3469:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3426:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3391:
3388:
3383:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3340:
3337:
3331:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3290:
3287:
3282:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3249:
3246:
3241:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3198:
3195:
3190:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3149:
3146:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3122:
3119:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3087:
3084:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3046:
3043:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3011:
3008:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2984:
2981:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2954:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2908:
2905:
2901:
2900:81-308-0034-9
2897:
2893:
2889:
2883:
2880:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2860:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2837:
2834:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2802:
2799:
2794:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2753:
2750:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2718:
2715:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2683:
2680:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2648:
2645:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2621:
2618:
2613:
2612:
2604:
2601:
2596:
2590:
2586:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2549:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2514:
2511:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2487:
2484:
2479:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2398:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2363:
2360:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2336:
2333:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2285:
2282:
2277:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2247:BioTechniques
2244:
2237:
2234:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2210:
2207:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2167:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2124:
2117:
2114:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2080:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2048:
2045:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2013:
2010:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1900:
1897:
1892:
1886:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1865:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1833:
1830:
1825:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1788:
1785:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1767:0-521-46513-3
1764:
1758:
1755:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1723:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1661:
1655:
1652:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1610:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1520:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1452:non-haem iron
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1358:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1341:17ÎČ-estradiol
1338:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1309:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1225:health claims
1222:
1217:
1215:
1214:physiological
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1106:antinutrients
1101:
1096:
1094:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1026:oxidation of
1025:
1021:
1017:
1016:phenylalanine
1013:
1009:
1008:shikimic acid
1005:
1001:
993:
991:
989:
985:
984:
979:
972:
968:
965:
962:
958:
955:
952:
948:
945:
941:
940:
939:
933:
931:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
900:
898:
894:
890:
882:
880:
878:
874:
870:
867:, as well as
866:
862:
858:
850:
848:
846:
841:
839:
836:
832:
828:
824:
816:
814:
812:
808:
804:
799:
797:
792:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
769:
767:
764:, which is a
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
713:
705:
703:
701:
700:plant science
697:
693:
689:
688:DMACA reagent
681:
679:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
651:
647:
646:fractionation
643:
639:
635:
628:
624:
620:
615:
608:
606:
604:
600:
595:
593:
588:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
554:
552:
550:
546:
543:, isolation,
542:
538:
530:
526:
522:
517:
513:
511:
507:
504:
500:
492:
488:
482:
478:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
455:
451:
447:
443:
435:
433:
431:
428:
424:
420:
412:
408:
404:
400:
393:
391:
389:
385:
382:
377:
373:
369:
365:
363:
359:
355:
346:
342:
338:
331:
326:
323:
320:
317:
316:
315:
309:
306:
303:
300:
299:water-soluble
296:
295:
294:
291:
289:
281:
276:
272:
271:phenylalanine
268:
265:
263:
259:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
227:
226:
224:
220:
212:
208:
201:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
180:
169:
168:Ancient Greek
161:
156:
155:Curcuma longa
152:
148:
144:
140:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
108:
54:
47:
43:
39:
34:
30:
19:
9588:
9463:Ferulic acid
9428:Caffeic acid
9401:Ellagic acid
9148:
9141:
9132:isocoumarins
9105:Kavalactones
9047:Tannin uses
8974:Tetrafucol A
8954:Diphlorethol
8939:6,6'-Bieckol
8934:8,8âČ-Bieckol
8856:Gallotannins
8821:Casuarictins
8801:Punicalagins
8726:Curcuminoids
8671:Matairesinol
8572:
8477:Apigeninidin
8422:Aromadendrin
8329:Flavan-4-ols
8300:Flavan-3-ols
8107:
8071:
8037:Benzenediols
7966:Tetracycline
7961:Streptomycin
7915:Diterpenoids
7876:
7854:Tetrodotoxin
7765:
7609:Chlorophylls
7597:Vulgaxanthin
7587:Betaxanthins
7506:Polysulfides
7489:Thiocyanates
7467:Sulforaphane
7396:
7271:Ferulic acid
7236:Caffeic acid
7209:Ellagic acid
6956:
6949:
6940:isocoumarins
6913:Kavalactones
6855:Tannin uses
6782:Tetrafucol A
6762:Diphlorethol
6747:6,6'-Bieckol
6742:8,8âČ-Bieckol
6664:Gallotannins
6629:Casuarictins
6609:Punicalagins
6534:Curcuminoids
6479:Matairesinol
6380:
6285:Apigeninidin
6230:Aromadendrin
6137:Flavan-4-ols
6108:Flavan-3-ols
5915:
5879:
5845:Benzenediols
5714:Gutta-balatĂĄ
5710:Gutta percha
5648:Xanthophylls
5628:Neurosporene
5547:Moronic acid
5537:Ursolic acid
5480:Testosterone
5463:Stigmasterol
5448:Cycloartenol
5435:Phytosterols
5377:Pimaric acid
5347:Abietic acid
5298:Manoyl oxide
5273:Salvinorin A
5263:
5203:Diterpenoids
5067:Thujaplicins
4992:(2,modified)
4932:Phellandrene
4876:Monoterpenes
4805:
4801:
4794:Basic forms:
4669:
4666:EFSA Journal
4665:
4655:
4620:
4617:EFSA Journal
4616:
4606:
4597:
4579:
4573:
4561:. Retrieved
4556:
4550:
4541:
4529:. Retrieved
4516:
4504:. Retrieved
4486:
4480:
4463:
4459:
4453:
4425:
4388:
4384:
4374:
4339:
4335:
4325:
4313:. Retrieved
4308:
4299:
4287:. Retrieved
4258:. Retrieved
4248:
4230:
4213:10072/389251
4193:
4189:
4179:
4146:
4142:
4129:
4088:
4084:
4039:
4035:
4025:
3990:
3986:
3976:
3938:(2): 77â81.
3935:
3931:
3921:
3886:
3882:
3872:
3839:
3835:
3825:
3800:
3796:
3790:
3765:
3761:
3755:
3738:10261/258758
3720:
3716:
3706:
3687:
3684:EFSA Journal
3683:
3674:
3666:
3659:. Retrieved
3649:
3630:
3627:EFSA Journal
3626:
3617:
3609:
3602:. Retrieved
3592:
3562:. Retrieved
3552:
3540:. Retrieved
3530:
3518:. Retrieved
3508:
3489:
3485:
3476:
3439:
3435:
3425:
3400:
3396:
3390:
3363:
3359:
3349:
3330:
3303:
3299:
3289:
3262:
3258:
3248:
3211:
3207:
3197:
3162:
3158:
3148:
3131:
3127:
3121:
3096:
3092:
3086:
3059:
3055:
3045:
3020:
3016:
3010:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2966:
2962:
2956:
2921:
2917:
2907:
2891:
2882:
2873:
2869:
2859:
2850:
2846:
2836:
2811:
2807:
2801:
2766:
2762:
2752:
2727:
2723:
2717:
2692:
2688:
2682:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2610:
2603:
2584:
2578:
2570:
2555:
2548:
2523:
2519:
2513:
2496:
2492:
2486:
2469:10261/112476
2451:
2447:
2441:
2408:
2404:
2397:
2372:
2368:
2362:
2345:
2341:
2335:
2294:
2290:
2284:
2253:(2): 65â71.
2250:
2246:
2236:
2219:
2215:
2209:
2176:
2172:
2166:
2133:
2129:
2116:
2099:
2095:
2082:
2057:
2053:
2047:
2022:
2018:
2012:
1987:
1983:
1977:
1952:
1948:
1909:
1905:
1899:
1880:
1867:
1842:
1838:
1832:
1797:
1793:
1787:
1773:
1757:
1735:(1): 41â66.
1732:
1728:
1722:
1695:
1691:
1664:. Retrieved
1660:"Polyphenol"
1654:
1629:
1625:
1612:
1600:. Retrieved
1596:"Flavonoids"
1546:
1542:
1460:
1426:
1414:
1401:medical food
1360:
1335:
1323:
1310:
1307:
1298:flavan-3-ols
1285:
1282:In the 1930s
1280:
1259:antioxidants
1256:
1246:As of 2022,
1245:
1239:complex and
1229:cocoa solids
1218:
1179:
1153:
1146:
1131:compared to
1122:
1103:
1098:
1090:
1051:
1040:
1023:
1012:gallotannins
1010:pathway for
997:
988:allelopathic
981:
976:
973:against rot.
971:preservation
961:phytoalexins
937:
934:Biochemistry
924:pigmentation
901:
886:
865:formaldehyde
854:
842:
820:
817:Applications
800:
793:
784:
770:
739:
727:colorimetric
724:
716:permanganate
709:
685:
654:
642:spectroscopy
632:
626:
596:
591:
589:
558:
534:
496:
453:
439:
427:antioxidants
416:
368:Ellagic acid
366:
351:
313:
292:
285:
262:caffeic acid
216:
211:Ellagic acid
195:
190:) ring to a
165:
154:
129:ellagitannin
52:
51:
29:
9625:Polyphenols
9548:Oleocanthal
9365:Norbergenin
9360:Tannic acid
9355:Gallic acid
9149:Polyphenols
9122:Xanthonoids
9099:Chalconoids
8949:Eckstolonol
8846:Terflavin B
8811:Vescalagins
8806:Castalagins
8711:Piceatannol
8701:Resveratrol
8691:Stilbenoids
8681:Pinoresinol
8616:Castavinols
8458:Delphinidin
8409:Flavanonols
8399:Eriodictyol
8226:Isoflavones
8108:polyphenols
8072:Polyphenols
7948:Antibiotics
7938:Pimaradiene
7933:Aphidicolin
7877:Polyphenols
7720:Beta-glucan
7650:Oxalic acid
7643:Quinic acid
7638:Phytic acid
7575:Betacyanins
7356:Oleocanthal
7173:Norbergenin
7168:Tannic acid
7163:Gallic acid
6957:Polyphenols
6930:Xanthonoids
6907:Chalconoids
6757:Eckstolonol
6654:Terflavin B
6619:Vescalagins
6614:Castalagins
6519:Piceatannol
6509:Resveratrol
6499:Stilbenoids
6489:Pinoresinol
6424:Castavinols
6266:Delphinidin
6217:Flavanonols
6207:Eriodictyol
6034:Isoflavones
5916:polyphenols
5880:Polyphenols
5682:Rubixanthin
5672:Astaxanthin
5633:Phytofluene
5585:Carotenoids
5475:Cholesterol
5470:Tocopherols
5440:Campesterol
5339:Resin acids
5324:Gibberellin
5319:Aphidicolin
5312:Tetracyclic
5187:Longifolene
5151:Artemisinin
5128:Umbellulone
5016:Citronellol
5006:Citronellal
4563:3 September
4531:3 September
4506:3 September
4466:: 379â394.
2193:10261/82508
2150:11336/87660
1666:23 February
1456:iron status
1384:. Some are
1382:hemorrhoids
1363:citrus peel
1351:Phlebotonic
1337:Isoflavones
1210:food labels
1160:epicatechin
1149:astringency
1143:Astringency
1059:to produce
1057:o-diphenols
1020:malonyl-CoA
914:hardening (
908:crustaceans
835:pomegranate
791:oxidation.
475:epicatechin
388:tannic acid
376:gallic acid
360:and/or the
125:tannic acid
53:Polyphenols
46:gallic acid
38:tannic acid
9619:Categories
9553:Oleuropein
9491:tryptophan
9380:Theogallin
9247:Glycosides
9124:(C6-C1-C6)
9101:(C6-C3-C6)
9090:(C6-C7-C6)
9051:Enological
8831:Punicalins
8826:Grandinins
8716:Pinosylvin
8694:(C6-C2-C6)
8509:Leptosidin
8504:Aureusidin
8394:Naringenin
8389:Hesperidin
8381:Flavanones
8347:Luteoforol
8215:Kaempferol
8162:Flavonoids
8154:flavonoids
8119:(C6-C3-C6)
8116:Flavonoids
8062:Dillapiole
7956:Penicillin
7665:Malic acid
7361:Oleuropein
7299:tryptophan
7188:Theogallin
7055:Glycosides
6932:(C6-C1-C6)
6909:(C6-C3-C6)
6898:(C6-C7-C6)
6859:Enological
6639:Punicalins
6634:Grandinins
6524:Pinosylvin
6502:(C6-C2-C6)
6317:Leptosidin
6312:Aureusidin
6202:Naringenin
6197:Hesperidin
6189:Flavanones
6155:Luteoforol
6023:Kaempferol
5970:Flavonoids
5962:flavonoids
5927:(C6-C3-C6)
5924:Flavonoids
5870:Dillapiole
5667:Zeaxanthin
5511:Lanosterol
5458:Sitosterol
5453:Sitostanol
5329:Paclitaxel
5236:Monocyclic
5123:Ascaridole
5118:Eucalyptol
5071:Hinokitiol
5045:Monocyclic
4915:Monocyclic
4782:terpenoids
4740:Terpenoids
4315:8 November
4289:7 November
4149:: 96â105.
3842:: 101116.
3723:: 110655.
1602:28 October
1521:References
1448:absorption
1397:Diosmiplex
1391:, such as
1374:hesperidin
1372:, such as
1370:flavonoids
1252:biomarkers
1237:oleuropein
1125:carotenoid
1075:See also:
1061:o-quinones
1047:solubility
912:epicuticle
904:arthropods
883:Occurrence
796:biosensors
660:separation
560:Extraction
555:Extraction
541:extraction
491:benzopyran
487:isoflavone
407:theaflavin
362:polyketide
235:hesperetin
202:Definition
121:flavonoids
9569:Capsaicin
9506:thyroxine
9496:histidine
9221:Aglycones
9128:Coumarins
8984:Bifuhalol
8911:Flavolans
8836:Roburin A
8816:Castalins
8649:Silymarin
8559:Phloretin
8528:Chalcones
8519:Chalcones
8417:Taxifolin
8334:flavanols
8305:flavanols
8238:Genistein
8211:Quercetin
8203:Flavonols
8152:Types of
8106:Types of
8057:Carvacrol
8019:Types of
7831:Alkaloids
7567:Betalains
7377:Capsaicin
7314:thyroxine
7304:histidine
7029:Aglycones
6936:Coumarins
6792:Bifuhalol
6719:Flavolans
6644:Roburin A
6624:Castalins
6457:Silymarin
6367:Phloretin
6336:Chalcones
6327:Chalcones
6225:Taxifolin
6142:flavanols
6113:flavanols
6046:Genistein
6019:Quercetin
6011:Flavonols
5960:Types of
5914:Types of
5865:Carvacrol
5827:Types of
5739:Synthesis
5595:Carotenes
5490:Ecdysones
5294:Forskolin
5282:Tricyclic
5269:Epimanool
5194:Nootkatin
5191:Muurolene
5183:Juniperol
5175:Chanootin
5156:Bisabolol
5087:Carvacrol
4927:Terpinene
4829:(4 rings)
4776:Types of
4730:Types of
4445:820665797
4407:225656010
4283:"Diosmin"
4260:26 August
4171:113408091
4121:195812592
4105:2212-2672
3952:0950-9240
3864:251524113
3661:27 August
3604:27 August
3564:2 October
3542:25 August
3520:25 August
3134:: 35â77.
2348:: 13â22.
2249:(Paper).
2102:: 20â26.
1313:mortality
1286:vitamin P
1182:nutrients
1118:ruminants
930:cuticle.
928:arachnids
869:adhesives
857:renewable
811:standards
766:vitamin E
754:vitamin C
564:hot water
423:oxidation
413:linkages.
394:Chemistry
381:black tea
354:shikimate
301:compounds
273:found in
255:quercetin
184:benzenoid
162:Etymology
44:-derived
9574:Gingerol
9501:tyrosine
9458:Coumarin
9396:Vanillin
9335:Bergenin
9056:Drilling
8979:Trifucol
8732:Curcumin
8660:((C6-C3)
8454:Cyanidin
8343:Apiforol
8314:Catechin
8234:Daidzein
8188:Apigenin
8180:Flavones
8052:Carnosol
7900:Limonene
7859:Atropine
7844:Morphine
7730:Lentinan
7708:Pentoses
7550:Piperine
7501:Sulfides
7484:Nitriles
7442:Sinigrin
7382:Gingerol
7309:tyrosine
7266:Coumarin
7204:Vanillin
7143:Bergenin
6864:Drilling
6787:Trifucol
6540:Curcumin
6468:((C6-C3)
6262:Cyanidin
6151:Apiforol
6122:Catechin
6042:Daidzein
5996:Apigenin
5988:Flavones
5860:Carnosol
5638:Phytoene
5623:Lycopene
5524:Squalane
5516:Saponins
5427:Steroids
5289:Cembrene
5266:-Abienol
5257:Bicyclic
5161:Cadinene
5096:Bicyclic
5062:p-Cymene
5036:Linalool
5021:Geraniol
4972:Sabinene
4962:Camphene
4941:Bicyclic
4922:Limonene
4906:Myrcenes
4847:Isoprene
4827:Steroids
4818:Iridoids
4786:isoprene
4778:terpenes
4647:32625874
4366:22794138
4222:29596658
4163:30999017
4113:31278047
4066:31504087
4017:28439881
3960:24943289
3913:27927637
3856:35965134
3817:15019969
3782:15019969
3747:34600657
3468:30298133
3417:18193832
3382:15640499
3339:Archived
3322:18069785
3281:15640498
3240:20480022
3189:20716914
3113:15161217
3078:12788945
2948:25764128
2940:14713169
2828:18631545
2793:20265564
2744:18620248
2709:10802549
2674:36500389
2478:10956123
2425:20109129
2389:19199590
2327:39848160
2319:24414735
2269:30744410
2201:19637929
2158:89981908
2074:96009875
2039:11758745
2004:10444839
1969:25471637
1859:14563398
1824:16622840
1749:15206456
1714:15113710
1646:84226096
1565:21226137
1489:See also
1483:curcumin
1444:catechin
1366:extracts
1198:minerals
1194:vitamins
1176:Research
1170:catechin
1129:steaming
1024:in-vitro
785:in vitro
779:(ORAC),
775:(DPPH),
768:analog.
744:radical
735:antibody
471:catechin
450:senesces
430:in vitro
419:reactive
243:daidzein
239:cyanidin
231:catechin
192:hydroxyl
151:turmeric
147:Curcumin
135:and for
9538:Tyrosol
9118:(C6-C3)
9112:(C6-C4)
9066:Tanning
8959:Difucol
8944:Dieckol
8776:tannins
8740:Tannins
8657:Lignans
8542:, et.c.
8496:Aurones
8483:, et.c.
8460:, et.c.
8424:, et.c.
8372:, et.c.
8349:, et.c.
8320:, et.c.
8275:Flavans
8217:, et.c.
8194:, et.c.
8192:Chrysin
7849:Cocaine
7839:Codeine
7820:General
7742:Inulins
7737:Fructan
7703:Hexoses
7580:Betanin
7535:Allicin
7520:Indoles
7346:Tyrosol
6926:(C6-C3)
6920:(C6-C4)
6874:Tanning
6767:Difucol
6752:Dieckol
6584:tannins
6548:Tannins
6465:Lignans
6350:, et.c.
6304:Aurones
6291:, et.c.
6268:, et.c.
6232:, et.c.
6180:, et.c.
6157:, et.c.
6128:, et.c.
6083:Flavans
6025:, et.c.
6002:, et.c.
6000:Chrysin
5776:(DMAPP)
5506:Betulin
5304:Pimarol
5301:Pimaral
5248:Retinal
5243:Retinol
5212:Acyclic
5171:Cedrene
5166:Cadinol
5108:Borneol
5103:Camphor
5057:Menthol
5031:Halomon
4999:Acyclic
4967:Thujene
4901:Ocimene
4894:Acyclic
4638:7009618
4472:2971975
4357:3619154
4057:6821550
4008:6478304
3968:2881228
3904:5183726
3459:6160559
3231:2871118
3180:2835915
3025:Bibcode
2771:Bibcode
2528:Bibcode
2433:1929167
2299:Bibcode
1914:Bibcode
1802:Bibcode
1393:Diosmin
1241:tyrosol
1219:In the
1137:finings
1093:legumes
873:pomaces
696:suberin
625:form a
623:tannins
547:, then
454:in-situ
446:daltons
325:galloyl
288:tanning
267:Lignans
247:soybean
113:phenols
9562:Others
9516:L-DOPA
9081:Others
8536:Butein
8283:Flavan
8242:Orobol
8047:Apiole
7981:
7905:Pinene
7824:
7754:Pectin
7749:Lignin
7725:Chitin
7540:Alliin
7370:Others
7324:L-DOPA
6889:Others
6344:Butein
6091:Flavan
6050:Orobol
5855:Apiole
5698:(many)
5677:Lutein
5528:Acids
5219:Phytol
5077:Thymol
5011:Citral
4977:Carene
4948:Pinene
4861:Prenol
4808:forms)
4788:units)
4784:(# of
4645:
4635:
4590:
4497:
4470:
4443:
4433:
4405:
4364:
4354:
4220:
4169:
4161:
4119:
4111:
4103:
4064:
4054:
4015:
4005:
3966:
3958:
3950:
3911:
3901:
3862:
3854:
3815:
3780:
3745:
3466:
3456:
3442:: 87.
3415:
3380:
3320:
3279:
3238:
3228:
3187:
3177:
3111:
3076:
2946:
2938:
2898:
2826:
2791:
2742:
2707:
2672:
2591:
2563:
2476:
2431:
2423:
2387:
2325:
2317:
2267:
2199:
2156:
2072:
2037:
2002:
1967:
1887:
1857:
1821:
1765:
1747:
1712:
1644:
1563:
1471:CYP3A4
1467:enzyme
1316:risk.
1304:Cancer
1223:, two
1200:, and
1167:isomer
1164:chiral
1133:frying
875:), or
787:human
762:Trolox
750:thiols
746:cation
459:esters
348:below.
345:tannin
188:phenyl
127:, and
8929:Eckol
8244:et.c.
7928:Taxol
6737:Eckol
6052:et.c.
5770:(IPP)
5587:) (8)
5499:Other
4806:trans
4672:(9).
4584:(PDF)
4525:(PDF)
4491:(PDF)
4403:S2CID
4240:(PDF)
4167:S2CID
4139:(PDF)
4117:S2CID
3964:S2CID
3860:S2CID
2944:S2CID
2670:S2CID
2429:S2CID
2323:S2CID
2154:S2CID
2126:(PDF)
2092:(PDF)
2070:S2CID
1877:(PDF)
1818:INIST
1642:S2CID
1622:(PDF)
1202:fiber
944:auxin
877:pecan
863:with
506:ester
503:Ether
411:ether
179:polus
173:ÏολÏÏ
170:word
9589:Misc
9142:Misc
9130:and
7766:Misc
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