117:
983:
129:
171:
183:
976:
104:
990:
969:
159:
141:
504:
369:
The members of the group, which numbered around 1,000, appeared to be mostly poor Shi'a farmers from an agricultural area 19 kilometres northeast of Najaf, but they also seemed to have been heavily armed. In spite of their poverty, the group appeared to have amassed a great deal of wealth. Some
321:
he is from a Sunni town". Two rival Shiite clerics also made these claims regarding Hassan denying he was a Shiite, however other Shiite clerics have stated Hassan studied at a Shiite seminary in Najaf but later broke off from it. Iraqi MP
309:, another leader in the group involved in the fighting against American and Iraqi forces, and was also a participant in the fighting in Najaf, is actually a Sunni pretending to be a Shiite, with an Iraqi general from the
446:
After the battle, Iraqi police rounded up hundreds of sect members and put them on trial. On
September 2, 2007, the criminal court passed judgement on 458 accused. Ten leaders of the Soldiers of Heaven were
428:. Virtually all information about the group and the battle has come from Iraqi officials, who have released incomplete and sometimes contradictory accounts. Iraqi officials, including Najaf deputy governor
944:
293:
While some sources report that the
Soldiers of Heaven were annihilated at the Battle of Najaf, others report that a large number were captured and that there was continued activity by the sect.
378:. According to Iraqi officials according to the Associated Press, "Sunni extremists and Saddam Hussein loyalists were helping the cult" attempt to attack pilgrims and clerics.
1078:
1060:
375:
937:
267:
Prior to the battle, members of the group were settled with their families at a "camp in Zarga, north of Najaf", where "the main part" of the fighting took place.
1265:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
930:
714:
1695:
836:
1068:
786:
626:
1613:
1316:
913:
530:
256:, who was killed in the battle, the Soldiers of Heaven were accused of trying to start a "messianic insurrection" at the holy city of
1685:
1470:
465:
208:
1083:
421:
Significant questions remain regarding the group and the combat effectiveness it displayed, including shooting down an
American
1623:
1528:
1705:
1493:
1437:
1360:
752:
1638:
1628:
1513:
1498:
803:
1720:
1690:
1680:
1447:
1230:
1050:
1270:
549:
74:
357:
believe their former leader Dia Abdul Zahra Kadim was the Mahdi and he was the reincarnation of Imam Ali ibn Abu Talib;
1710:
1582:
1250:
1225:
1215:
1142:
1350:
953:
485:
323:
1587:
394:
where it is alleged about 200–300 of their members were killed, including its leader, and 300–400 were captured.
1650:
1603:
1301:
1123:
568:
370:(including Iraqi officials) have also claimed that the group included former Iraqi personnel affiliated with
1715:
1645:
1598:
1577:
1508:
1465:
1355:
1210:
451:, 54 members were released, and the rest were sentenced to jail terms ranging from 15 years to life, Najaf
286:, who will then rule the world, destroying tyranny and falsehood and bringing peace and justice before the
1700:
1548:
1205:
1200:
550:"Dozens Killed in Clashes In S. Iraq: Obscure Sect Presents First Major Challenge For Area's Iraqi Forces"
458:
387:
287:
241:
203:
848:
429:
1608:
1326:
1178:
1029:
569:
Fighters for Shiite
Messiah Clash with Najaf Security, 250 Dead Over 60 Dead in Baghdad, Kirkuk Violence
253:
145:
45:
406:
has claimed that members of the group, including women and children, planned to disguise themselves as
1442:
1311:
1255:
1193:
1188:
1183:
645:
326:
said regarding Hassan "I am 100 percent sure that the group's deputy was a security officer with the
1379:
1291:
1091:
773:"Using that self aggrandizing, self appointed title, al Hassan built up a force of a thousand men"
554:
278:. The Soldiers of Heaven were said to believe that spreading chaos would hasten the return of the
1306:
1007:
425:
734:
587:
824:
774:
700:
1569:
1537:
1260:
1173:
1158:
982:
909:
666:
455:
351:
327:
310:
133:
903:
1725:
1633:
1475:
1163:
999:
989:
753:"Rebel Muslims longed for doomsday / 'Heaven's Army' battled near Najaf with high-tech arms"
682:
271:
121:
49:
1540:
1503:
1419:
1220:
1147:
1113:
1108:
1073:
1017:
395:
306:
275:
223:
57:
1730:
1559:
1429:
1370:
1235:
957:
790:
371:
314:
249:
188:
83:
79:
1674:
1618:
1321:
975:
922:
873:
860:
448:
245:
176:
1452:
1296:
1240:
1034:
687:
452:
422:
274:
that separated from another group called the "Supporters of the Imam Mahdi" led by
109:
17:
1655:
1282:
1133:
1022:
1012:
237:
1592:
1345:
1245:
1152:
473:
279:
908:. Translated by DeBevoise, M. B. Berkeley: University of California Press.
839:, US, Iraqi forces kill 250 militants in Najaf, The Age, January 29, 2007
433:
407:
399:
198:
1485:
630:
415:
318:
1088:
General
Command of the Armed Forces, Resistance and Liberation in Iraq
411:
261:
305:, a messiah-like figure in Islam. Iraqi officials have claimed that
610:
1336:
469:
440:
437:
403:
391:
360:
believe spreading chaos will hasten the return of the Hidden Imam.
302:
283:
257:
968:
505:"محافظ النجف يتهم السعودية بتمويل "جند السماء" | Radiosawa"
234:
231:
164:
926:
715:"Mystery Arises over Identity of Militia Chief in Najaf Fight"
649:
354:, (a native of Iran, though he has lived in Najaf since 1952);
464:
On
January 18, 2008 the Soldiers of Heaven were involved in
350:
hostile to the Shia clerical hierarchy and "particularly to
301:
Dia Abdul-Zahra, also known as Abu Kamar, claimed to be the
386:
On
January 28, 2007, the group apparently fought a bizarre
678:
676:
660:
658:
343:
According to reports, The
Soldiers of Heaven are/were:
270:
The group has been described as an apocalyptic Muslim
804:"Iraqi army says it killed leader of messianic cult"
1568:
1536:
1527:
1484:
1428:
1418:
1369:
1335:
1281:
1132:
1122:
1059:
998:
751:Roug, Louise; Fakhrildeen, Saad (30 January 2007).
730:
728:
194:
152:
97:
89:
73:
63:
41:
29:
1079:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
1553:Mujahideen Battalions of the Salafi Group of Iraq
701:Iraqi cult and its 'messiah' destroyed near Najaf
646:Cult plotted attack on Shiite clerics, Iraqis say
583:
581:
579:
577:
347:"profoundly" Iraqi nationalist and anti-Iranian;
641:
639:
443:are fiercely anti-Shia, this seemed unlikely.
244:in January 2007 against government forces and
1105:Popular Resistance for the Liberation of Iraq
938:
627:"US-Iraqi Forces Kill 250 Militants in Najaf"
622:
620:
8:
683:Troops clash with Shia cult in southern Iraq
664:"10 Iraqi cult members sentenced to death",
432:, had claimed that the group had links with
1533:
1425:
1129:
945:
931:
923:
604:
602:
600:
26:
1102:Political Media Organ of the Ba'ath Party
787:"Earthly luxuries for Soldiers of Heaven"
240:militant group known for fighting in the
861:Bizarre tale of Shia messianic cult plot
849:Analysis: Najaf battle raises questions
374:'s government and the (formerly) ruling
1069:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
806:. THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. 29 January 2007
496:
1614:Jamaat Jaysh Ahl al-Sunnah wa-l-Jamaah
1317:Islamic Front for the Iraqi Resistance
1556:Islamic Salafist Boy Scout Battalions
7:
874:"Iraqi Shia pilgrims mark holy day"
611:"Today's Papers: Kick in the Pants"
227:
703:, Times Online UK, 29 January 2007
25:
1471:Kataib Rouh Allah Issa Ibn Miriam
388:battle with Iraqi and U.S. forces
209:2008 Iraqi Day of Ashura fighting
988:
981:
974:
967:
181:
169:
157:
139:
127:
115:
102:
851:- Yahoo! News, January 30, 2007
529:Zavis, Alexandra (2008-01-19).
230:; Jund As-Samāʾ) were an armed
1438:Nineveh Plain Protection Units
713:Cave, Damien (February 2007).
685:, Kim Game, Associated Press,
609:DePillis, Lydia (2008-01-19).
531:"80 killed in clashes in Iraq"
1:
1448:Qaraqosh Protection Committee
1231:Harakat Ansar Allah al-Awfiya
1051:Facilities Protection Service
571:, Informed Comment, Juan Cole
548:Paley, Amit R. (2008-01-19).
1696:Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011)
827:- Sky News, January 29, 2007
777:- Sky News, January 30, 2007
1639:Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
1629:Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah
1583:Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan
1251:Liwa Abu al-Fadhal al-Abbas
1226:Abu al-Fadl al-Abbas Forces
1216:Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba
1143:Popular Mobilization Forces
902:Filiu, Jean-Pierre (2011).
1747:
1266:Islamic Resistance in Iraq
486:List of extinct Shia sects
324:Jalal al-Din Ali al-Saghir
317:in an interview, "He is a
1588:Black Banner Organization
1271:Kata'ib Sayyid al-Shuhada
964:
252:occupying forces. Led by
35:
34:
1686:Factions in the Iraq War
1651:Wakefulness and Holy War
1624:Mujahideen Shura Council
1604:Hassan Al-Basri Brigades
1499:Êzîdxan Protection Force
1351:Kurdistan Workers' Party
1302:1920 Revolution Brigades
1646:Shield of Islam Brigade
1599:Abu Bakr Al-Salafi Army
1578:Al-Mustafa Army in Iraq
1509:Sinjar Resistance Units
1466:Syriac Military Council
1400:Brigade of Imam Hussein
1356:Kurdistan Freedom Hawks
775:The Hidden Imam's Dream
410:and kill leading Shi'a
260:during the festival of
1201:Saraya Ansar al-Aqeeda
863:, BBC, 30 January 2007
204:Battle of Najaf (2007)
1706:Shia Islamic branches
1609:Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna
1514:Êzîdxan Women's Units
1327:Harakat Ahrar al-Iraq
1179:Special Groups (Iraq)
1155:'s Mahdi Army faction
1030:Iraqi security forces
825:Cult Leader is Killed
254:Dia Abdul Zahra Kadim
146:Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna
46:Dia Abdul Zahra Kadim
1721:Shia Islamist groups
1691:Rebel groups in Iraq
1681:Arab militant groups
1443:Nineveh Plain Forces
1312:Islamic Army in Iraq
1211:Kata'ib Jund al-Imam
1189:Promised Day Brigade
1039:Iraqi Police Service
737:Apocalypse in Islam
590:Apocalypse in Islam
459:Abdel Karim Mustapha
1380:Iraqi Turkmen Front
1292:Tribal Mobilization
1206:Kata'ib al-Imam Ali
905:Apocalypse in Islam
755:. Los Angeles Times
670:, September 2, 2007
555:The Washington Post
430:Abdel Hussein Attan
1711:Apocalyptic groups
1307:Jaish al-Rashideen
1236:Quwwat Sahl Ninawa
1169:Soldiers of Heaven
1008:Iraqi Armed Forces
793:, February 1, 2007
719:The New York Times
691:, January 19, 2008
449:sentenced to death
426:helicopter gunship
220:Soldiers of Heaven
65:Dates of operation
30:Soldiers of Heaven
18:Heaven's Army
1668:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1523:
1522:
1461:
1460:
1405:Sayyid al-Shuhada
1261:Liwa Ali al-Akbar
1256:Jaysh al-Mu'ammal
1194:Kata'ib Hezbollah
1184:Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq
1174:Free Iraqi Forces
1159:Badr Organization
1045:Supporting Forces
915:978-0-520-26431-1
880:. 19 January 2008
667:Middle East Times
633:, 29 January 2007
535:Los Angeles Times
456:Brigadier General
436:, but given that
352:Ayatollah Sistani
311:Babil Governorate
216:
215:
16:(Redirected from
1738:
1634:Al-Qaeda in Iraq
1570:Salafi Jihadists
1534:
1494:Asayîşa Êzîdxanê
1426:
1361:Asayîşa Êzîdxanê
1297:Awakening groups
1164:Sheibani Network
1130:
1000:Iraqi government
993:
992:
986:
985:
979:
978:
972:
971:
947:
940:
933:
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652:January 29, 2007
643:
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595:
585:
572:
566:
560:
559:
545:
539:
538:
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519:
517:
515:
501:
288:Day of Judgement
229:
195:Battles and wars
187:
185:
184:
175:
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172:
163:
161:
160:
144:
143:
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1741:
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1735:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1660:
1564:
1560:Mohammad's Army
1549:Mujahideen Army
1519:
1504:Sinjar Alliance
1480:
1476:Babylon Brigade
1457:
1420:Assyrian/Syriac
1414:
1410:Bashir Regiment
1365:
1331:
1277:
1221:Saraya al-Jihad
1118:
1114:Free Iraqi Army
1109:Al-Abud Network
1099:Patriotic Front
1074:Fedayeen Saddam
1055:
1042:National Police
1018:Iraqi Air Force
994:
987:
980:
973:
966:
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951:
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396:Asaad Abu Gilel
384:
367:
341:
336:
307:Ahmed al-Hassan
299:
276:Ahmad al-Hassan
242:Battle of Najaf
182:
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156:
140:
138:
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128:
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125:
116:
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82:
69:c.2003 - c.2008
64:
58:Ahmad al-Hassan
56:
50:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1744:
1742:
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1716:Millenarianism
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1462:
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1430:Nineveh Plains
1423:
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1027:
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1004:
1002:
996:
995:
965:
962:
961:
958:Iraqi conflict
952:
950:
949:
942:
935:
927:
921:
920:
914:
897:
894:
892:
891:
878:News.bbc.co.uk
865:
853:
841:
829:
817:
795:
791:The Australian
779:
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693:
672:
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635:
616:
596:
573:
561:
540:
521:
495:
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478:
383:
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372:Saddam Hussein
366:
363:
362:
361:
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355:
348:
340:
337:
335:
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315:New York Times
298:
295:
214:
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196:
192:
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189:United Kingdom
154:
150:
149:
99:
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87:
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84:Apocalypticism
80:Millenarianism
77:
71:
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61:
60:
43:
39:
38:
32:
31:
24:
14:
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1702:
1701:Islam in Iraq
1699:
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1619:Islamic State
1617:
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1325:
1323:
1322:Hamas of Iraq
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
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1284:
1283:Sunni Islamic
1280:
1272:
1269:
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1264:
1262:
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1254:
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1249:
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1453:Dwekh Nawsha
1395:92nd Brigade
1390:52nd Brigade
1241:Mukhtar Army
1168:
1134:Shia Islamic
1092:Popular Army
1035:Iraqi Police
954:Armed groups
904:
882:. Retrieved
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820:
808:. Retrieved
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453:police chief
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423:AH-64 Apache
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313:telling the
300:
292:
269:
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219:
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134:Ba'ath Party
110:Saudi Arabia
51:
1656:White Flags
1538:Nationalist
884:27 November
514:27 November
414:during the
376:Baath Party
1675:Categories
1529:Insurgents
1148:Mahdi Army
1126:and others
1096:New Return
1061:Ba'athists
1023:Iraqi Navy
1013:Iraqi Army
492:References
382:Activities
365:Membership
334:Background
328:old regime
297:Leadership
228:جند السماء
36:جند السماء
1593:Abu Theeb
1385:16Brigade
1346:Peshmerga
1246:Hezbollah
1153:Abu Deraa
741:: p.158-9
474:Nassiriya
441:jihadists
418:holiday.
280:12th Imam
238:messianic
153:Opponents
148:(alleged)
136:(alleged)
124:(alleged)
112:(alleged)
1595:'s group
1488:militias
1422:militias
1373:militias
1339:militias
1285:militias
1136:militias
1124:Militias
613:. Slate.
480:See also
466:fighting
434:al-Qaeda
408:pilgrims
400:governor
246:American
199:Iraq War
122:Al-Qaeda
75:Ideology
1726:Mahdism
1541:Salafis
1371:Turkmen
1337:Kurdish
1084:Al-Awda
956:in the
735:Filiu,
631:The Age
594:: p.160
588:Filiu,
416:Ashoura
412:clerics
339:Beliefs
319:Wahhabi
250:British
52:†
42:Leaders
1486:Yazidi
912:
837:Page 2
810:4 June
759:2 June
739:, 2011
592:, 2011
461:said.
398:, the
262:Ashura
224:Arabic
186:
174:
162:
107:
98:Allies
48:
1731:Cults
896:Books
470:Basra
438:Sunni
404:Najaf
392:Najaf
390:near
303:Mahdi
284:Mahdi
258:Najaf
235:Shi'a
232:Iraqi
910:ISBN
886:2021
812:2022
761:2022
516:2021
472:and
272:cult
248:and
218:The
165:Iraq
93:1000
90:Size
650:CNN
468:in
402:of
330:."
1677::
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