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347:) to predict the light distribution in a building over the entire year. The tool can replicate direct sunlight at any location on earth. This heliodon is a laboratory-made tool that allows daylighting simulations produced inside scale models for various research and design purposes. The daylighting laboratory manufactured this tool to limit energy savings and increase user comfort through better utilisation of daylighting in buildings. The instrument allows architects, designers, and planners to understand the effect of their architectural concepts. Besides limiting energy consumption, the laboratory focuses to increase the health of building occupants and productivity through efficient use of daylighting. Moreover, the robotic heliodon will help the laboratory’s aim to achieve
224:. These heliodons are manually operated without the use of computers and provide good accuracy. The model stand, mounted on the table, is tilted for latitude and rotated to get the time of the day. For replicating the time of the year, the single light source uses a ribbon marked with months of the year and attached to the edge of the door. The device can be used in interior spaces with lamps and exterior spaces with direct sunlight for better accuracy. While using outdoors, a sundial controls the tilt and rotation of the model stand. The main advantage is its affordability and small size. The heliodon is accurate when utilized by people who are already aware of solar geometry. But not good for learning solar geometry and the basic principles of solar responsive design.
89:, recorded by the United States Patent Office. This heliodon consists of a platform created to hold a model of the building whose isolation is to be evaluated. The horizontal platform can sway on a rotatable vertical shaft which can turn on its axis. The rotation allows horal and seasonal adjustments and swings the unit almost to its base. The titling of the shaft enables the adjustment to various geographical locations on the latitude scale. Any external light source along with the sun can be utilised and the placement of this light source can be kept stationary throughout the observations. This heliodon is an accurate instrument that can make rapid and simple adjustments. And the requirement of providing a precisely located light source is not necessary.
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a shadow-casting pointer perpendicular to the diagram. Each ring represents a percent of the direct solar beam incident on the surface. The percentage varies from 100%—the ray runs straight down the pointer perpendicular to the diagram—to zero—the ray runs parallel to the diagram and misses surface. The cosine of the angle of incidence gives the percentage. A cosine of 0.9, 90%, for example, corresponds to an angle of incidence of 26.84 degrees. The radius of the ring for the angle is equal to its tangent times the height of the shadow casting pointer. A 45 degree angle of incidence would generate a cosine of about .7, 70%, for example. Since the tangent of 45 degrees is 1, the radius of the 70% ring would be equal to the height of the shadow-casting rod.
202:, time of day, and date. They must also show a clear north-south direction on their surface in order to orient models. Some heliodons are very elaborate, using tracks in a high ceiling to carry a light across a large studio. Others are very simple, using a sundial as a guide to the adjustments and the sun of the day as a light source. In general, the date adjustment causes the most difficulty for the heliodon designer, while the light source presents the most problems in use. The parallel rays of the sun are not easy to duplicate with an artificial light at a useful scale, while the real sun is no respecter of deadlines or class hours.
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Norbert
Lechner). For more precise simulations, Orange Heliodon, an easy to use robotic heliodon with a fixed light source was designed and was launched in the market in 2007. Moreover, the Orange Heliodon was used at Politecnico di Milano in the architectural design laboratory of the BEST department. It used a computerized and automatic heliodon to reproduce the sunshade. Furthermore, the architect designed Tulip Heliodon, a robotic heliodon with a fixed light source that is often merged with full dome artificial sky for collaborative design and presentation used for
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time of the day. It acts as a teaching tool for architects, planners, and developers. The heliodon can be used to teach solar geometry and solar responsive design principles in science museums. Without reliance on external sky conditions, it is simple to evaluate sun shading analysis at any latitude. This type of heliodon is very intuitive to adjust and operate. This heliodon requires only limited training since it is easy to understand and operate.
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artificial sky of 4.20m diameter with 30 fluorescent lamps. The control panel allows the replication of any solar orbit at any day and any global location. This integration facilitates the reproduction of the sky’s brightness and the circumsolar radiation in great accuracy. The architecture and design department uses the device for teaching purposes, daylight study, shadow study and research.
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175:. Think of the Earth as a car on a Ferris wheel. The car’s axis always points “down”, which changes its relation to the center of the wheel. A light at the center of the wheel would touch the bottom of the car at the top of the orbit and the top of the car at the bottom of the orbit. As the Earth orbits, the location of the centerline of the solar cylinder changes, sliding from the
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computers around two axes. The robotic heliodon can process frequent tests and evaluations on bigger and heavier models than the manual ones to produce precise results for experiments. They are used for daylighting studies in universities, research facilities and development laboratories for sustainable building designs.
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Since 2004, the
Italian company betanit.com is developing various heliodons designed by architect Giulio M. Podesta for use in daylighting laboratories of universities and architectural firms. The architect designed the Orchard Heliodon with similar features to the Sun Emulator heliodon (developed by
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and ventilation while avoiding direct sunlight into the building’s interior spaces. Due to the accuracy of the robotic heliodon, several studies with photos were used to compare a built house with a solar simulated scale model. The results revealed the efficiency of using appropriate design features
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National
Laboratory for Housing and Sustainable Communities at Sonora, Mexico uses Orange heliodon produced by Betanit. The robotic heliodon is used for evaluating solar paths and their interaction with pre-existing or new constructions. By using a scale physical model under the robotic heliodon, it
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All heliodons can benefit by including a moveable, tiltable device that can be set to match any surface on a model to show angle of incidence. The angle of incidence device indicates the relative intensity of the direct beam on the surface. The device consists of a diagram of concentric rings around
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in certain climatic conditions measured to a high level of calculation and accuracy. The device was a covered simulating environment where a scaled model’s thermal performance could be evaluated under different temperatures. However, attaining precise evaluation was an issue with
Thermoheliodion due
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uses a heliodon sunlight simulator for daylight studies and research purposes. The device was developed by Dr Hongyi Cai and custom-made in China by
Quanzhou HuaTian Measurement Equipment LLC. The simulation tool has the ability of 3D angular movements of the scale model of buildings around a fixed
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penetration on the buildings. Arup uses the robotic heliodon to design sustainable, energy-efficient, and award-winning concepts in lighting. The engineers and experts analyse daylighting of buildings by replicating the sun for their innovative projects. Furthermore, a thesis project, supervised by
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The manual heliodon consists of a flat table with a scaled model on top whereas the table lies stationary with only sun lamps in motion. The heliodon consists of a horizontal platform and seven rings that represent the sun path for the 21st day of every month which can be rotated to replicate the
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simulation than the previous models. The Sun
Emulator Heliodon can precisely show all solar responsive design principles and strategies. Although the device can hold only small architectural scale models, it is a great instrument for teaching solar geometry. This heliodon was manufactured by High
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United Arab
Emirates University (UAEU) uses a powerful robotic heliodon made by betanit.com inside a full-dome artificial sky to evaluate daylighting of scale models with great accuracy. The heliodon is powered by a 1200W HMI lamp with a custom-designed optical setup able to reproduce a range of
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This type of robotic heliodons is the most accurate sun simulator. It is used to evaluate scale models in a compact space with a fixed light source with the support of a robotic platform. It is an automatically operated heliodon in which a physical model is accurately positioned with the help of
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design. The handbook is a globally well-known reference and a guide to allow lighting professionals and practitioners to understand the impact of light on human health and promote sustainability through efficient lighting study and design. The heliodon is featured in the handbook as a lighting
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Kwok Pun Cheung, a professor and researcher at the
Department of Architecture in Hong Kong University developed various heliodons. Cheung developed a simple tabletop heliodon and multi-lamp heliodon for use in architectural schools. Moreover, a tabletop heliodon with a moving light source was
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Bartenbach, Tyrol – the lighting firm uses a heliodon (inside an artificial sky of 6.5m diameter) with many small lamps for daylighting design with visualization models and calculations. The lighting firm uses heliodon for daylight simulation in research and development for complex building
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uses a robotic heliodon at their
Daylight Planning Lab. The lab uses two elements in their daylight simulator – an artificial sky and artificial sun. The artificial sun simulator consists of a halogen bulb with a parabolic reflector to replicate parallel sunlight. The heliodon integrated an
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In the 1990s, modern heliodons with quicker simulations and a greater level of accuracy were invented. EPFL Solar Energy and
Building Physics Laboratory LESO-PB in Lausanne designed a robotic heliodon to simulate direct light. This heliodon is combined with a sky scanning simulator
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study. The fixed scale model can be bigger and heavier models than the other types which allow the source to go around the model for obtaining evaluation results, conducting presentations and observation. The robotic heliodon allows people to move easily around and inside it for
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and students of architecture. By placing a model building on the heliodon’s flat surface and making adjustments to the light/surface angle, the investigator can see how the building would look in the three-dimensional solar beam at various dates and times of day.
57:, in the 1950s, there was a wide interest in producing building design techniques that correspond to the climate. At Princeton Architectural Laboratory, Thermoheliodon was invented by Olgyays in hopes to create physiological conditions of human comfort through
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designed Heliodon as part of Tropical Architecture and Bio-climatic Architecture. The institution aimed to enhance housing conditions and development of local resources for construction in colonial territories. Heliodon was designed to replicate the sun on
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of the building. The heliodon is efficient as the project considers climatic conditions and the integration of energy sources. As the building is situated in a hot dry climate, the automatic heliodon helped in providing design solutions to offer indirect
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to the impact of scale on thermal performance. Although Thermoheliodon failed to produce an accurately measured environment, the device led to further research on adaptive and efficient design orientation of buildings and developed the base of
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Arup (London), an engineering firm uses orange heliodon produced by Betanit in their lighting lab to help simulate the sun for their experiments and buildings. The lighting simulation from the heliodon helps in quickly identifying the
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EPFL Solar Energy and Building Physics Laboratory LESO-PB in Lausanne (laboratory-made heliodon) uses a robotic heliodon for the simulation of direct light. This heliodon is combined with a sky scanning simulator
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Some robotic heliodons use a mirror to fold the light path and allow the installation in a small room. The room is normally kept dark without windows and the walls, ceilings and floors are usually in black.
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Manual Tabletop heliodons are used for sun shading analysis at any given latitude and at any time. The model support platform is mounted on a conventional table or desk. It can rotate and tilt a scaled
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Dr Francesco Anselmo, also utilised the heliodon for experimental purposes. The heliodon is also used for curvature and annual reflectivity studies of “Leaf” at Arup in coordination with Betanit.
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Considering the characteristics, the manual sun emulator is also excellent for explaining solar dynamics and cardinal points to children in a function, scientific and fun way of demonstration.
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and has lights that go around the fixed scale model placed horizontally on the table. This kind of robotic heliodon is used separately or integrated with dome artificial sky for presentation,
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design and research purposes. While in use with the artificial sky, the combined tool can replicate both the Sun and the sky for great accuracy and obtain results of the
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offices. A patented portable direct sunlight light-duty universal heliodon set up on a camera tripod was developed for evaluating the impacts of direct sunlight on small
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Precision Devices and now an alternative device is Orchard Heliodon produced by betanit.com, with the approval of the inventor of the Sun Emulator Heliodon.
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of parallel energy rays from the Sun. (Think of a tennis ball being held in the wind.) The angle of any site of Earth to the solar beam is determined by
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200,000 lx to 600,000 lx on the table supporting the scale model. The robotic heliodon with the artificial sky is used for research purposes in
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point of the model at a precision of 0.1. The heliodon is installed in the darkroom for teaching purposes, research, and daylighting studies.
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The automated robotic heliodon with a fixed model is used in research facilities, lighting companies and university laboratories such as:
97:) to predict the light distribution in a building over the entire year. The device can reproduce direct light at any location on Earth.
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through a point of light. The device can shift and tilt to obtain the accurate position of the sun on any given day, time, or location.
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A Pre-history of Green Architecture: Otto Koenigsberger and Tropical Architecture, from Princely Mysore to Post-colonial London
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271:- The university uses a 48” (1.2m) diameter Formica covered sun emulator heliodon known as HPD Model 126 Heliodon.
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Robotic Heliodon with fixed light source used at Arup and National Laboratory for Housing and Sustainable Communities
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The site’s latitude, which gives its position on the curve of the Earth between the Equator and one of the Poles.
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software tool that is used to study daylighting performance for physical scale models. It is generally used by
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482:(IES) publishes a lighting handbook that features the heliodon as one of the tools used for the evaluation of
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Robotic Heliodon is used in architectural schools, research laboratories and large engineering firms such as:
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The time of day at the site, measured by its progress eastward around the Earth’s axis from sunrise to sunset.
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36:(HEE-leo-don) is a device for adjusting the angle between a flat surface and a beam of light to match the
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has invented a manual Sun Emulator Heliodon. He invented heliodons which were much easier to evaluate
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between a horizontal plane at a specific latitude and the solar beam. Heliodons are used primarily by
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Curvature and annual Reflectivity studies of the "Leaf" in collaboration with Arup and Betanit.
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Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction. The Heliodon by Norbert Lechner
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183:(in December) and back again. This changes sun angles all over Earth according to the date.
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The change due to date is the most difficult to visualize. The Earth’s axis is steady but
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974:"Arup Lighting Lab adopts the betanit.com heliodon to simulate the sun - Beta nit"
947:"Architectural & Commercial Lighting Design & Building Consultants - Arup"
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structures. The firm uses the tool for architectural lighting design used for
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The date, which locates the Earth on its annual orbit of the Sun.
61:. Thermoheliodon was a domed insulated evaluation bed for scaled
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236:. The heliodon is mainly used for teaching and design purposes.
587:, Gershon, Fruhling, "Heliodon", issued 1963-05-21
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923:"LABORATORIO NACIONAL DE VIVIENDA Y COMUNIDADES SUSTENTABLES"
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In the 1960s, a heliodon was invented by Gershon Fruhling in
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in the building, which was derived from automatic heliodon.
1181:"The Lighting Handbook, 10th Edition – The IES Webstore"
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After the 2000s, Prof. Norbert Lechner, an architect,
403:This robotic heliodon is fully automated with a
706:"Politecnico di Milano and Beta Nit are united"
298:Durham School of Engineering and Construction,
232:uses tabletop heliodon for the solar design of
145:is a ball in space perpetually intercepting a
375:helps the project to measure the comfort and
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449:, Stuttgart University of Applied Sciences,
326:Robotic Heliodon with Fixed Light Source
1063:"Daylight Planning Lab | HFT Stuttgart"
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285:Southeastern Louisiana University
480:Illuminating Engineering Society
1114:"DayMedia - simulating the sun"
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1090:"Bartenbach: Lighting Design"
475:Heliodon in Lighting Handbook
462:, reports, and consultations.
803:. 2018-03-27. Archived from
460:green building certification
249:Manual Sun Emulator Heliodon
241:Manual Sun Emulator Heliodon
998:"Heliodon Daylight Studies"
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275:Texas Christian University
234:architectural scale models
80:architectural scale models
927:laboratoriodevivienda.org
851:Cite uses generic title (
548:Baweja, Vandana (2008).
215:Manual Tabletop Heliodon
133:or building components.
230:University of Hong Kong
470:design and technology.
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1146:. London: CRC Press.
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679:"Heliodon - Beta nit"
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137:Scientific background
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766:"TABLE-TOP HELIODON"
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436:University of Kansas
198:Heliodons can mimic
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63:architectural models
59:architectural design
28:A Heliodon Animation
20:Heliodon of Analemas
1230:Building technology
826:"Login • Instagram"
222:architectural model
181:Tropic of Capricorn
70:design principles.
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801:www.hpd-online.com
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1161:978-0-429-22549-9
830:www.instagram.com
770:www.heliodons.org
737:www.heliodons.org
733:"OTHER HELIODONS"
654:www.heliodons.org
554:(Thesis thesis).
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349:energy efficiency
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210:Types of Heliodon
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