2317:
angels with Him, " so that "God may be all in all." (I Corinthians 15-28) Those who have God as their "all" within this life will finally have divine fulfillment and life. For those whose "all" is themselves and this world, the "all" of God will be their torture, their punishment and their death. And theirs will be "weeping and gnashing of teeth." (Matthew 8:21, et al.) The Son of Man will send His angels and they will gather out of His kingdom all causes of sin and all evil doers, and throw them into the furnace of fire; there men will weep and gnash their teeth. Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the
Kingdom of their Father. (Matthew 13:41-43) According to the saints, the "fire" that will consume sinners at the coming of the Kingdom of God is the same "fire" that will shine with splendor in the saints. It is the "fire" of God's love; the "fire" of God himself who is love. "For our God is a consuming fire" (Hebrews 12:29) who "dwells in unapproachable light." (I Timothy 6:16) For those who love God and who love all creation in him, the "consuming fire" of God will be radiant bliss and unspeakable delight. For those who do not love God, and who do not love at all, this same "consuming fire" will be the cause of their "weeping" and their "gnashing of teeth." Thus it is the Catholic Church's spiritual teaching that God does not punish man by some material fire or physical torment. God simply reveals himself in the risen Lord Jesus in such a glorious way that no man can fail to behold his glory. It is the presence of God's splendid glory and love that is the scourge of those who reject its radiant power and light. ... those who find themselves in hell will be chastised by the scourge of love. How cruel and bitter this torment of love will be! For those who understand that they have sinned against love, undergo no greater suffering than those produced by the most fearful tortures. The sorrow which takes hold of the heart, which has sinned against love, is more piercing than any other pain. It is not right to say that the sinners in hell are deprived of the love of God ... But love acts in two ways, as suffering of the reproved, and as joy in the blessed! (St. Isaac of Syria, Mystic Treatises) The Orthodox Church of America website
648:(Sakharov) spoke of "the hell of separation from God". Paul Evdokimov stated: "Hell is nothing else but separation of man from God, his autonomy excluding him from the place where God is present." According to Theodore Stylianopoulos, "Hell is a spiritual state of separation from God and inability to experience the love of God, while being conscious of the ultimate deprivation of it as punishment." Michel Quenot stated: "Hell is none other than the state of separation from God, a condition into which humanity was plunged for having preferred the creature to the Creator. It is the human creature, therefore, and not God, who engenders hell. Created free for the sake of love, man possesses the incredible power to reject this love, to say 'no' to God. By refusing communion with God, he becomes a predator, condemning himself to a spiritual death (hell) more dreadful than the physical death that derives from it." Another writer declared: "The circumstances that rise before us, the problems we encounter, the relationships we form, the choices we make, all ultimately concern our eternal union with or separation from God."
1630:, the individuals in spirit prison who chose not to accept the gospel and repent will also be resurrected (1 Corinthians 15:20-22) and receive an immortal physical body, which is referred to as the "second resurrection". At these appointed times of resurrection, "death and hell" will deliver up the dead that are in them to be judged according to their works (Revelations 20:13), at which point all but the sons of perdition will receive a degree of glory, which Paul compared to the glory of the sun, moon, and stars (1 Corinthians 15:41). The Church explains biblical descriptions of hell being "eternal" or "endless" punishment as being descriptive of their infliction by God rather than an unending temporal period. Latter-day Saint scripture quotes God as saying "I am endless, and the punishment which is given from my hand is endless punishment, for Endless is my name. Wherefore—Eternal punishment is God's punishment. Endless punishment is God's punishment." Latter-day Saints also believe in a more permanent concept of hell, commonly referred to as
1119:
2809:"In the common sense of the word 'place', if you were to say 'Hell is not a place', you would be denying that Hell exists. Some thought that the Pope, in the statement quoted above, was denying that Hell is a place in this sense. He was, of course, doing nothing of the sort. Thus, to return to the Pope's words again, John Paul II must not be misinterpreted when he said 'Rather than a place, hell indicates state….' He certainly was not denying that it is a place, but instead was shifting our focus to the real essence of hell—what the term 'hell' truly indicates—the self-chosen separation from God. The 'place' or 'location' of hell is secondary, and considerations of where it is should not deflect us from our most important concerns: what it is, and how to avoid it" (
33:
2295:... those who find themselves in hell will be chastised by the scourge of love. How cruel and bitter this torment of love will be! For those who understand that they have sinned against love, undergo no greater suffering than those produced by the most fearful tortures. The sorrow which takes hold of the heart, which has sinned against love, is more piercing than any other pain. It is not right to say that the sinners in hell are deprived of the love of God ... But love acts in two ways, as suffering of the reproved, and as joy in the blessed! (St. Isaac of Syria, Mystic Treatises)
4276:
ought to stand any longer in our
English Bible, for, in our present acceptation of them, they are simply mistranslations." This corroborates the metaphysical interpretation of Scripture, and sustains the truth that Hell is a figure of speech that represents a corrective state of mind. When error has reached its limit, the retroactive law asserts itself, and judgment, being part of that law, brings the penalty upon the transgressor. This penalty is not punishment, but discipline, and if the transgressor is truly repentant and obedient, he is forgiven in Truth. —
3206:"Hell is the natural consequence of a life lived apart from God. The terrible suffering of hell consists in the realization that, over the course of a lifetime, one has come, not to love, but to hate one's true good, and thus to be radically unfit to enjoy that Good. It is this pain of loss that is central to the Catholic understanding of hell. Imagine the predicament of one who both knows that God is the great love of his life, and that he has turned irreversably away from this love. This is what hell is" (
963:
the furnace of fire", and that he will pronounce the condemnation: "Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire!" The teaching of the Church affirms the existence of hell and its eternity. Immediately after death the souls of those who die in a state of mortal sin descend into hell, where they suffer the punishments of hell, "eternal fire". The chief punishment of hell is eternal separation from God, in whom alone man can possess the life and happiness for which he was created and for which he longs.
875:
1842:, the Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible. Like other first-century Jews who were literate in Greek, Christian writers of the New Testament employed this usage. While earlier translations most often translated Hades as "Hell", as does the King James Version, modern translations use the transliteration "Hades", or render the word as allusions "to the grave", "among the dead", "place of the dead" or they contain similar statements. In Latin, Hades were translated as
1647:
he sees it; he has got to deny Jesus Christ when the heavens have been opened unto him, and to deny the plan of salvation with his eyes open to the truth of it; and from that time he begins to be an enemy." In other words, the unpardonable sin is committed by those who "den the Son after the Father has revealed him". However, according to the Latter-day Saint understanding, since most humans lack such an extent of religious enlightenment, they cannot commit the
2391:
theoria, literally meaning vision-in this case vision by means of unceasing and uninterrupted memory of God. Those who remain selfish and self-centered with a hardened heart, closed to God's love, will not see the glory of God in this life. However, they will see God's glory eventually, but as an eternal and consuming fire and outer darkness. From FRANKS, ROMANS, FEUDALISM, AND DOCTRINE/Diagnosis and
Therapy Father John S. Romanides Diagnosis and Therapy
745:
602:
3167:"What do we mean by "hell"? Hell is the place and state of eternal punishment for the fallen angels and human beings who die deliberately estranged from the love of God. The existence of hell, as the everlasting abode of the devils and those human beings who have died in the state of mortal sin, is a defined dogma of the Catholic Church" (Baker, "Fundamentals of Catholicism" (1983), volume 3, p. 371).
698:
652:
842:
interpreted these words as a denial that Hell can be considered to be a place, or at least as providing an alternative picture of Hell. Others have explicitly disagreed with the interpretation of what the Pope said as an actual denial that Hell can be considered a place and have said that the Pope was only directing attention away from what is secondary to the real essence of hell.
4537:
4680:
4485:
680:
3145:"The Green Catechism" (1939–62) said: Hell is a place of torments. God made hell to punish the devils or bad angels, and all who die in mortal sin. No one can come out of Hell, for out of Hell there is no redemption" (Crawford & Rossiter, "Reasons for Living: Education and Young People's Search for Meaning" (2006). p. 192).
906:, Joseph Hontheim said that "theologians generally accept the opinion that hell is really within the earth. The Catholic Church has decided nothing on this subject; hence we may say hell is a definite place; but where it is, we do not know." He cited the view of Augustine of Hippo that Hell is under the earth and that of
973:
irreversibility of a mortally sinful life that goes un-absolved before one's death, and the dogma and reality of the place or state of hell). Another interpretation is that the
Catechism by no means denies other forms of suffering, but stresses that the pain of loss is central to the Catholic understanding of hell.
4303:
Gen. 37:35, Gen. 42:38, Gen. 44:29, Gen. 44:31, I Sam. 2:6, I Kings 2:6, I Kings 2:9, Job 7:9, Job 14:13, Job 17:13, Job 21:13, Job 24:19, Psalm 6:5, Psalm 30:3, Psalm 31:17, Psalm 49:14, Psalm 49:14, Psalm 49:15, Psalm 88:3, Psalm 89:48, Prov. 1:12, Prov. 30:16, Ecc. 9:10, Song 8:6, Isa. 14:11, Isa.
4293:
Deut. 32:22, Deut. 32:36a & 39, II Sam. 22:6, Job 11:8, Job 26:6, Psalm 9:17, Psalm 16:10, Psalm 18:5, Psalm 55:15, Psalm 86:13, Ps. 116:3, Psalm 139:8, Prov. 5:5, Prov. 7:27, Prov. 9:18, Prov. 15:11, Prov. 15:24, Prov. 23:14, Prov. 27:20, Isa. 5:14, Isa. 14:9, Isa. 14:15, Isa. 28:15, Isa. 28:18,
2446:
Regarding specific conditions of after-life existence and eschatology, Orthodox thinkers are generally reticent; yet two basic shared teachings can be singled out. First, they widely hold that immediately following a human being's physical death, his or her surviving spiritual dimension experiences a
2390:
Proper preparation for vision of God takes place in two stages: purification, and illumination of the noetic faculty. Without this, it is impossible for man's selfish love to be transformed into selfless love. This transformation takes place during the higher level of the stage of illumination called
2280:
God himself is both heaven and hell, reward and punishment. All men have been created to see God unceasingly in his uncreated glory. Whether God will be for each man heaven or hell, reward or punishment, depends on man's response to God's love and on man's transformation from the state of selfish and
1496:
resolves it by positing a doctrine of limited atonement, which claims that God's love is restricted. Only a select number of people are elected to be saved, which includes redemption and purification. This demonstrates a special love, and most people (the 'eternally reprobate' or non-elect) are given
1265:
This is known as the eternal conscious torment (ECT) view. This view is the traditional position of
Anabaptist (Mennonite, Hutterite, Bruderhof, Amish, Schwarzenau Brethren, River Brethren and Apostolic Christian churches), Anglican, Baptist, Charismatics, Lutheran, Methodist, Moravian, Pentecostals,
968:
separation of God: after all, God, being above all a merciful and loving entity, takes no pleasure in the death of the living, and does not will or predestine anyone to go there (the
Catholic stance is that God does not will suffering, and that the only entities known to be in hell beyond a doubt are
1708:
They also hold that Hell is not an eternal place and that the descriptions of it as "eternal" or "unquenchable" does not mean that the fire will never go out. They base this idea in other biblical cases such as the "eternal fire" (e.g. Jude 1:7) that was sent as punishment to the people of Sodom and
1646:
or sin "against the Holy Ghost", will be consigned to outer darkness. Near the end of his life, in a discourse called the King
Follett Sermon, Joseph Smith taught that, "After a man has sinned against the Holy Ghost, there is no repentance for him. He has got to say that the sun does not shine while
1260:
While the saint goes from the judgment to enjoy eternal bliss, the impenitent sinner is turned away into everlasting condemnation, punishment and misery. As heaven is described in the Bible as a place of everlasting happiness, so hell is described as a place of endless torment, where the worm dieth
962:
Jesus often speaks of "Gehenna" of "the unquenchable fire" reserved for those who to the end of their lives refuse to believe and be converted, where both soul and body can be lost. Jesus solemnly proclaims that he "will send his angels, and they will gather. . . all evil doers, and throw them into
898:
stated: "Jesus came to tell us that he wants us all in heaven and that hell, of which so little is said in our time, exists and is eternal for those who close their hearts to his love." Journalist
Richard Owen's interpretation of this remark as declaring that hell is an actual place was reported in
834:
defined Hell by using the word "state" alone: "Hell is a state to which the wicked are condemned, and in which they are deprived of the sight of God for all eternity, and are in dreadful torments." However, suffering is characterized as both mental and physical: "The damned will suffer in both mind
643:
that for the
Eastern Orthodox: "Those theological symbols, heaven and hell, are not crudely understood as spatial destinations but rather refer to the experience of God's presence according to two different modes." Several Eastern Orthodox theologians do describe hell as separation from God, in the
536:
Depart from me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels. For I was hungry and you gave me nothing to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me nothing to drink, I was a stranger and you did not invite me in, I needed clothes and you did not clothe me, I was sick and
1670:
It is unclear whether those in outer darkness will ultimately be redeemed. Of outer darkness and the sons of perdition, Latter-day Saint scripture states that "the end thereof, neither the place thereof, nor their torment, no man knows; Neither was it revealed, neither is, neither will be revealed
633:
and Hell are relations to or experiences of God's just and loving presence. There is no created place of divine absence, nor is hell an ontological separation from God. One expression of the
Eastern teaching is that hell and heaven are dimensions of God's intensifying presence, as this presence is
4275:
said: "There would be the proper teaching about Hell if we calmly and deliberately erased from our English Bibles the three words, 'damnation, ' 'Hell, ' and 'everlasting. ' I say—unhesitatingly I say, claiming the fullest right to speak with the authority of knowledge—that not one of those words
2353:
Man has a malfunctioning or non-functioning noetic faculty in the heart, and it is the task especially of the clergy to apply the cure of unceasing memory of God, otherwise called unceasing prayer or illumination. "Those who have selfless love and are friends of God see God in light—Divine light,
1613:
which is a state of punishment for those who reject Christ and his Atonement. This is understood to be a temporary state in which the spirits of deceased persons will be taught the gospel and have an opportunity to repent and accept ordinances of salvation. Latter-day Saints teach that it was for
967:
Although the Catechism explicitly speaks of the punishments of hell in the plural, calling them "eternal fire", and speaks of eternal separation from God as the "chief" of those punishments, one commentator claims that it is non-committal on the existence of forms of punishment other than that of
890:
Traditionally in the past Hell has been spoken of or considered as a place. Some have rejected metaphorical interpretations of the biblical descriptions of hell, and have attributed to Hell a location within the earth, while others who uphold the opinion that hell is a definite place, say instead
2316:
For those who love the Lord, his Presence will be infinite joy, paradise and eternal life. For those who hate the Lord, the same Presence will be infinite torture, hell and eternal death. The reality for both the saved and the damned will be exactly the same when Christ "comes in glory, and all
2335:"Paradise and Hell exist not in the form of a threat and a punishment on the part of God but in the form of an illness and a cure. Those who are cured and those who are purified experience the illuminating energy of divine grace, while the uncured and ill experience the caustic energy of God."
2292:
Thus it is the Church's spiritual teaching that God does not punish man by some material fire or physical torment. God simply reveals Himself in the risen Lord Jesus in such a glorious way that no man can fail to behold His glory. It is the presence of God's splendid glory and love that is the
1081:
The Catholic Church teaches that no one is predestined to Hell, and that the church's teaching on Hell is not meant to frighten but is a call for people to use their freedom wisely. It is first and foremost a call to conversion, and to show that Humanity's true destiny lies with God in heaven.
841:
stated on 28 July 1999, that, in speaking of Hell as a place, the Bible uses "a symbolic language", which "must be correctly interpreted . Rather than a place, hell indicates the state of those who freely and definitively separate themselves from God, the source of all life and joy." Some have
1467:
Christian Universalism teaches that an eternal Hell does not exist and is a later creation of the church with no biblical support. Reasoning by Christian Universalists includes that an eternal Hell is against the nature, character and attributes of a loving God, human nature, sin's nature of
972:
and his evil angels, and that the only suffering in hell is not fire or torture, but the freely-chosen, irrevocable and inescapable eternal separation from God and his freely given love, and the righteous, who are in heaven; thus the church and the popes have placed emphasis on the potential
531:
comes in his glory, he will separate people from one another as a shepherd separates sheep from goats, and will consign to everlasting fire those who failed to aid "the least of his brothers". This separation is stark, with no explicit provision made for fine gradations of merit or guilt:
1704:
they believe the unsaved do not go to any place of punishment as soon as they die, but are reserved in the grave until the day of judgment after the Second coming of Jesus to be judged, either for eternal life or eternal death. This interpretation is called annihilationism.
67:). Its character is inferred from teaching in the biblical texts, some of which, interpreted literally, have given rise to the popular idea of Hell. Theologians today generally see Hell as the logical consequence of rejecting union with God and with God's justice and mercy.
1244:"but the wicked, who know not God, and obey not the gospel of Jesus Christ, shall be cast into eternal torments, and punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power." (Chapter XXXIII, Of the Last Judgment)
2796:"Hell is traditionally considered a literal place of eternal torture, but the Pope has also described hell as the condition of pain that results from alienation from God, a thing of one's own doing, not an actual place.", Burke, Chauvin, & Miranti,
816:
The prisoners of hell are the impenitent, such as Satan; Satan's fall from Heaven is irrevocable because he chooses not to repent. No one is predestined to commit sin or to go to hell. Catholic doctrine holds that after death, repentance is impossible.
1575:. Jehovah's Witnesses believe that others who have died before Armageddon will be resurrected bodily on earth and then judged during the 1,000-year rule of Christ; the judgement will be based on their obedience to God's laws after their resurrection.
983:"Concerning the detailed specific nature of hell ... the Catholic Church has defined nothing. ... It is useless to speculate about its true nature, and more sensible to confess our ignorance in a question that evidently exceeds human understanding."
1543:
is read by certain scholars as implying that hell is similar to heaven, or even preferable to it in terms of being a state in which creative impulses are allowed free rein outside the domination of society, which prefers the limitations of heaven.
1683:
believes that the concept of eternal suffering is incompatible with God's character and that he cannot torture His children. They instead believe that Hell is not a place of eternal suffering, but of eternal death and that death is a state of
1277:
have cast hell in terms of "eternal separation" from God. Certain biblical texts have led some theologians to the conclusion that punishment in hell, though eternal and irrevocable, will be proportional to the deeds of each soul (e.g.,
979:
said that the suffering of hell is compounded because God continues to love the sinner who is not able to return the love. According to the church, whatever is the nature of the sufferings, "they are not imposed by a vindictive judge"
1060:
is alleged to have on several occasions even been able to name particular individuals who he said were going to end life in hellfire for their sins and accurately predicted the way they would die before the event had even happened.
803:
To die in mortal sin without repenting and accepting God's merciful love means remaining separated from him for ever by our own free choice. This state of definitive self-exclusion from communion with God and the blessed is called
1373:
defines "hell" as follows: "Mortal belief; error; lust; remorse; hatred; revenge; sin; sickness; death; suffering and self-destruction; self-imposed agony; effects of sin; that which 'worketh abomination or maketh a lie.' "
2447:
foretaste of either heaven or hell. (Those theological symbols, heaven and hell, are not crudely understood as spatial destinations but rather refer to the experience of God's presence according to two different modes.)
1535:, interpreted hell as a metaphor for this flawed, material world in which human souls have become entrapped. Later writers influenced by the gnostic worldview, such as Milton and Blake, interpreted it differently. In
1072:
appeared to a monk on one occasion and told the monk that there had just been (at that point in time) a monk who had fled the monastic life to go back into the world, and the ex-monk then died and he went to hell.
849:(1905–1988) said that "we must see that hell is not an object that is 'full' or 'empty' of human individuals, but a possibility that is not 'created' by God but in any case by the free individuals who choose it".
1618:
clarifies that while there, Christ began the work of salvation for the dead by commissioning spirits of the righteous to teach the gospel to those who didn't have the opportunity to receive it while on earth.
638:
and by extension hates himself as God's image-bearer, to be encompassed by the divine presence could only result in unspeakable anguish. Aristotle Papanikolaou and Elizabeth H. Prodromou write in their book
2693:
Should we be in need of forgiveness of mortal sin, and cannot for some reason go to confession, a perfect Act of Contrition is needed along with the intention of going to confession as soon as possible.
1696:
which contains a description of the dead being raised from the grave at the second coming. These verses, it is argued, indicate that death is only a period or form of slumber. Based on verses like
769:
taught, in the 5th canon of its 14th session, that damnation is eternal: "...the loss of eternal blessedness, and the eternal damnation which he has incurred..." This teaching is based on Jesus'
1582:
view is broadly similar to the Jehovah's Witness view, except for the fact that it teaches the belief that the resurrected will be judged for how they lived their lives before the resurrection.
1118:
1100:" which claims that God not only chooses who will be saved, but that he also creates some people who will be doomed to damnation. This view is often associated with the Protestant reformer
1563:", to be the common grave for both the good and the bad. They reject the idea of a place of literal eternal pain or torment as being inconsistent with God's love and justice. They define "
730:
ascending a thirty-rung ladder to Heaven represented by Christ, or succumbing to the arrows of demons and falling from the ladder into Hell, sometimes represented by an open-jawed dragon.
1000:
called the book "persuasively argued." An article on the same subject by Sweeney that was published on the Huffington Post's religion page was liked by more than 19,000 people, including
2116:
translates "ᾅδης" seven times as "Hades", and two times as "realm of the dead"; the 1984 NIV translates it four times as "Hades", twice as "depths", twice as "grave", and once as "hell".
3028:, 27 March 2007, reported "Hell is a place where sinners really do burn in an everlasting fire, and not just a religious symbol designed to galvanise the faithful, the Pope has said" (
3154:"Hell is the place and state of eternal punishment for the fallen angels and human beings who die deliberately estranged from the love of God" (work by Fr. Kenneth Baker published by
3067:, reported: "Pope Benedict XVI has been reminding the faithful of some key beliefs of their faith, including the fact hell is a place where sinners burn in an everlasting fire" (
1347:
which contains a description of the dead being raised from the grave at the second coming. These verses, Adventists say, indicate that death is only a period or form of slumber.
922:
As Augustine says (De Civ. Dei xv, 16), "I am of opinion that no one knows in what part of the world hell is situated, unless the Spirit of God has revealed this to some one."
2967:"It is certain from Scripture and tradition that the torments of hell are inflicted in a definite place. But it is uncertain where the place is" Addis & Arnold (eds),
1426:
and admitted to heaven, or ways are found at the time of death of drawing all souls to repentance so that no "hellish" suffering is experienced. This view is often called
1671:
unto man, except to them who are made partakers thereof". The scripture asserts that those who are consigned to this state will be aware of its duration and limitations.
4259:
is not translated with clearness sufficient to represent the various meanings of the word in the original language. There are three words from which "Hell" is derived:
3071:
3683:
3197:"The recent Catechism is ambiguous, neither denying nor confirming the existence of physical torments" – Charles Steven Seymour, "A Theodicy of Hell', p. 82 (2000).
1606:
3825:
2945:"No cogent reason has been advanced for accepting a metaphorical interpretation in preference to the most natural meaning of the words of Scripture" (Hontheim in
2747:
812:
remits venial sins; it also obtains forgiveness of mortal sins if it includes the firm resolution to have recourse to sacramental confession as soon as possible.
1376:
2969:
A Catholic Dictionary Containing Some Account of the Doctrine, Discipline, Rites, Ceremonies, Councils, and Religious Orders of the Catholic Church: Part One
1980:
1818:
939:
wrote: "Hell is a place or state of eternal punishment inhabited by those rejected by God because such souls have rejected God's saving grace." Evangelicals
209:), a place of darkness, silence and forgetfulness (cf. Job 10:21). By the third to second century BC, the idea had grown to encompass separate divisions in
2597:
1517:, which allows the choice of accepting or rejecting God's grace. Universalists disagree with the third claim, and argue that all people receive salvation.
943:
and Ralph E. MacKenzie interpret official Roman Catholic teaching as: "Hell is a place or state of eternal punishment inhabited by those rejected by God."
125::43). The word is translated as either "Hell" or "Hell fire" in many English versions. Gehenna was a physical location outside the city walls of Jerusalem.
3296:"Nonfiction Book Review: Inventing Hell: Dante, the Bible, and Eternal Torment by Jon M. Sweeney. Jericho, $ 16 trade paper (208p) ISBN 978-1-4555-8224-2"
2981:
2372:"Those who have selfless love and are friends of God see God in light—divine light, while the selfish and impure see God the judge as fire—darkness".
791:
defines hell as self-exclusion from Heaven, a freely chosen consequence of final impenitence, i.e., deliberately and willingly refusing to repent of
1634:. It is said that very few people who have lived on the earth will be consigned to this hell, but Latter-day Saint scripture suggests that at least
3029:
2690:
2281:
self-centered love, to Godlike love which does not seek its own ends. "Empirical Theology Versus Speculative Theology" by John S. Romanides part 2
3734:
3545:
1253:
3950:
3916:
3801:
3570:
3465:
3237:
2927:
2894:
2867:
2834:
2624:
1651:, and the vast majority of residents of outer darkness will be the "devil and his angels...the third part of the hosts of heaven" who in the
1597:
1012:
A number of Catholic mystics and saints have claimed to have received visions of Hell or other revelations concerning Hell. During various
1478:, illustrates this viewpoint by delineating three propositions which are biblically based, but which he asserts to be mutually exclusive:
146::4), is almost always translated by a phrase such as "thrown down to hell". A few translations render it as "Tartarus"; of this term, the
4334:
Mat. 5:29, Mat. 5:30, Matt. 10:28, Matt. 23:15, Matt. 23:33, Mark 9:43, Mark 9:45, Mark 9:47, Luke 12:5, Matt. 5:22, Matt. 18:9, Jas. 3:6
4459:
3056:
2583:
Orthodox Christianity also rejects such teachings as the Immaculate Conception, purgatory, and other uniquely Roman Catholic doctrines.
2403:
1452:. Though a theological minority in contemporary Western Christianity, many global Christians held this view throughout history (such as
1266:
Plymouth Brethren, Reformed (Congregationalist, Continental Reformed and Presbyterian churches), and Conservative Quaker denominations.
1261:
not and the fire is not quenched. Matt. 25:41, 46; Mark 9:44-48; Luke 13:3; John 8:21, 23 —Evangelical Methodist Church Discipline (¶25)
2810:
2375:
2357:
2338:
5047:
4831:
2772:
935:
work "The Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma" said: "Hell is a place or state of eternal punishment inhabited by those rejected by God".
3889:
3879:
3865:
3264:
2538:
2500:
2474:
2142:
translates "ᾅδης" twice as "Hell", once as "death", twice as "grave", once as "world of the dead", three times as "death's kingdom".
1193:
32:
4043:
1555:
do not believe in an immortal soul that survives after physical death. They believe the Bible presents "hell", as translated from "
2417:
1659:
and never received a mortal body. The residents of outer darkness are the only children of God that will not receive one of three
1344:
3560:
1610:
1601:
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4856:
4382:, edited by Scott Hahn and Leon Suprenant, copyright 1998 by Emmaus Road Publishing, Inc., chapter by Curtis Martin, pg 294-295
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2320:
2301:
1536:
503:, and explains that it is impossible to cross over from one to the other. Some scholars believe that this parable reflects the
147:
3182:
2664:
1305:, which teaches that those sent to hell will not experience eternal conscious punishment, but instead will be extinguished or
5052:
4517:
4489:
3068:
1720:
1615:
863:
4124:
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3207:
1814:
1609:(LDS Church) teaches that the word "hell" is used scripturally in at least two senses. The first is a place commonly called
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1340:
431:
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3455:
4189:
4177:
4153:
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experienced either as torment or as paradise depending on the spiritual state of a person dwelling with God. For one who
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in prison and you did not look after me. ...whatever you did not do for one of the least of these, you did not do for me.
5042:
2139:
1680:
1639:
1514:
1468:
destruction rather than perpetual misery, the nature of holiness and happiness and the nature and object of punishment.
1403:
1332:
294:
1509:
resolves the contradiction by rejecting divine omnipotence with respect to human will. This is commonly referred to as
1488:
Some (many) persons will experience everlasting, conscious torment in a place of (either literal or metaphorical) fire.
3603:
The Moravian Manual: Containing an Account of the Protestant Church of the Moravian United Brethren, Or Unitas Fratrum
1036:
718:
279:
1614:
this purpose that Christ visited the Spirit World after his crucifixion (1 Peter 3:19–20, 1 Peter 4:5–6). Modern-day
4028:
2594:
2392:
2282:
1918:
1279:
1162:
4110:
1984:
102:
do not typically refer to the place of eternal punishment, but to the grave, the temporary abode of the dead, the
4839:
4688:
2113:
694:
pictured Hell as associated with "unquenchable" fire and "various kinds of torments and torrents of punishment".
624:
91:
2824:
70:
Different Hebrew and Greek words are translated as "Hell" in most English-language Bibles. These words include:
4561:
3588:
The Distinctive Characteristics of the Lutheran Church: With Special Reference to the Luthern Church of America
2126:
1955:
1830:
1475:
1439:
1431:
1216:, who believed in conscious existence after death, had a very different concept of hell (Hades and Gehenna) to
1201:
1113:
306:
289:
258:
83:
1693:
2100:
2088:
1283:
492:
4891:
4272:
3079:
1967:
1571:", which is reserved for those with no opportunity of a resurrection such as those who will be destroyed at
1302:
1209:
1205:
994:
is critical of the ways that Christians have appropriated Dante's vision and images of hell. In its review,
774:
2084:
4999:
4009:
3385:
2515:
2152:
1552:
1435:
1427:
1389:
1350:
1325:
1233:
1051:
846:
777:: "Depart from me, you accursed, into the eternal fire...And these will go off to eternal punishment,..."
645:
299:
274:
2452:
198:
4422:
4062:
3707:
2946:
1453:
1290:
1139:
1097:
1025:
630:
586:
524:
480:
190:
4271:, "Valley of Hinnom." These are used in various relations, nearly all of them allegorical. In a sermon
3742:
3136:
Geisler & MacKenzie, "Roman Catholics and Evangelicals: agreements and differences", p. 143 (1995).
2076:
2982:"25 March 2007: Pastoral visit to the Parish of "Santa Felicita e Figli martiri", Rome – BENEDICT XVI"
2080:
447:
4725:
3687:
2220:
2188:
2184:
2176:
2060:
2056:
1510:
1192:(i.e., the destination of the wicked), are largely a function of the varying Protestant views on the
1127:
931:
Other Catholics neither affirm nor deny that Hell is a place, and speak of it as "a place or state".
463:
224:
was viewed as the place of ultimate punishment, exemplified by the rabbinical statement "the best of
206:
186:
2811:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110928085437/http://www.cuf.org/faithfacts/details_view.asp?ffID=69%29
2180:
874:
459:
451:
194:
4543:
3321:
1878:
1741:
1184:
The nuances in the views of "hell" held by different Protestant denominations, both in relation to
1032:
831:
753:
739:
233:
64:
3086:, reported: "Pope Benedict XVI has reinstated hell as a real place where the heat is always on." (
2064:
4851:
4743:
4662:
4510:
4468:
4231:
4165:
3819:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2072:
2068:
1249:
1135:
1069:
1043:
1021:
1017:
976:
582:
476:
45:
17:
94:, translate Sheol as "grave" and simply transliterate "Hades". It is generally agreed that both
4436:
4149:
3419:
Lucy Margaret Smith. The Early History of the Monastery of Cluny. Oxford University Press, 1920
2958:"Theologians generally accept the opinion that hell is really within the earth" (Hontheim 1910)
4802:
4790:
4733:
4431:
4048:
3946:
3940:
3912:
3906:
3885:
3861:
3807:
3797:
3566:
3461:
3260:
3254:
3233:
3227:
2923:
2919:
2890:
2884:
2863:
2859:
2830:
2620:
2534:
2496:
2470:
1902:
1370:
1123:
1013:
996:
940:
895:
838:
749:
710:
620:
488:
2614:
2528:
2490:
2464:
2155:
renders "ᾅδης" once as "place of the dead", twice as "the dead" and six times as "the grave".
1689:
1492:
Traditional theology clarifies omnipotence or omni-benevolence to resolve the contradiction.
1482:
God is omnipotent and exercises sovereign control over all aspects of human life and history.
5014:
4976:
4947:
4927:
4819:
4772:
4630:
4556:
4471:
4396:
3665:
3483:
Peter Martyr Vermigli and Predestination: The Augustinian Inheritance of an Italian Reformer
2373:
2355:
2336:
1757:
1660:
1464:, etc.) and some Orthodox theologians argue that it was once the theological majority view.
1461:
1395:
1354:
914:
883:
766:
706:
610:
576:
504:
500:
435:
155:
60:
37:
4294:
Isa. 57:9, Ezek. 31:16, Ezek. 31:17, Ezek. 32:21, Ezk. 32:27, Amos 9:2, Jonah 2:2, Hab. 2:5
4964:
4942:
4922:
4918:
4696:
4454:
3720:
3186:
3075:
3048:
3040:, under the heading: "Pope: Hell Is a Real Place Where Sinners Burn in Everlasting Fire" (
3012:
2668:
2601:
2379:
2361:
2342:
2324:
2305:
1697:
1579:
1502:
1449:
1306:
1057:
1028:
during the course of the visions showed them a view of Hell where sinners were suffering.
744:
691:
2404:"Fordham online information | Academics | Academic Departments | Theology"
1177:, where they will be punished for their sins. People will be consigned to hell after the
1701:
663:
The Eastern Orthodox Church rejects what is presented as the Roman Catholic doctrine of
601:
4901:
4896:
4863:
4708:
4655:
4581:
3155:
2912:
2425:
1631:
1591:
1485:
God is omni-benevolent, is ontologically Love, and desires the salvation of all people.
1471:
1415:
1091:
991:
907:
455:
4123:
Smith, Joseph; President, Jr First; Saints, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day.
3087:
5036:
4503:
3295:
3060:
3041:
2852:
2562:
2032:
1761:
1664:
1652:
1627:
1540:
1444:
1321:
1274:
1217:
1178:
936:
860:
of 2007, also says that "more accurately" heaven and hell are not places but states.
723:
616:
590:
263:
249:
214:
87:
2318:
2299:
1850:) after about 1200 AD, but no modern English translations render Hades as Purgatory.
1626:" and live with Christ on earth after his return. After the 1000 years known as the
4571:
4551:
4206:
3842:
3429:
3176:
2748:"Lesson 37: On the Last Judgment and the Resurrection, Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven"
2661:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2099:
The King James Version translates "ᾅδης" 9 times as "Hell" and once as "grave" (in
1736:
of Charles Fillmore considers the concept of everlasting physical Hell to be false
1733:
1623:
1568:
1498:
1407:
1317:
1166:
1143:
1047:
796:
564:
558:
443:
79:
4450:
3839:
2679:
1312:
Prominent evangelical theologians who have adopted conditionalist beliefs include
2735:
2724:
2702:
1862:
in the New Testament; both early and modern Bible translations usually translate
4472:
PJ Mode Collection of Persuasive Cartography (Browse "Heaven and Hell" Category)
3360:
3342:
2418:"Elizabeth H. Prodromou » International Relations » Boston University"
2087:. Some late Greek manuscripts, which are followed by KJV and NKJV, have ᾅδης in
1795:, meaning "destruction", is sometimes interpreted as being a synonym for "Hell".
1770:
is translated as "Hell" 31 times, and it is translated as "the grave" 31 times.
1648:
1643:
1506:
1411:
1313:
1270:
1213:
1101:
1065:
697:
651:
605:
Hell—detail from a fresco in the medieval church St. Nicolas in Raduil, Bulgaria
4416:
3991:
3208:
J. A. DiNoia, Gabriel O'Donnell, Romanus Cessario, Peter J. Cameron (editors),
1501:
and tolerance. This bifurcation of grace intends to retain a doctrine of God's
1335:
holds annihilationism. Seventh-day Adventists believe that death is a state of
1096:
The Catholic Church, and the Catechism, repudiates the view commonly known as "
4873:
4701:
4536:
4526:
3811:
3005:
2713:
1839:
1685:
1572:
1526:
1399:
1336:
1293:(i.e., those who have never had an opportunity to hear the Christian gospel).
1221:
1150:
932:
857:
809:
792:
668:
635:
528:
118:
103:
53:
3973:
3617:
3104:, Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. Retrieved 3 September 2010
3099:
2584:
4586:
3562:
A Consuming Passion: Essays on Hell and Immortality in Honor of Edward Fudge
3024:
2639:
1859:
1847:
1493:
1237:
1174:
1001:
679:
664:
225:
143:
4679:
4435:
2650:
1622:
Latter-day Saints also believe that righteous people will rise in a "first
1039:; that more sinners go to Hell because of sins of impurity than any other.
683:
Icon in Saint Catherine's Monastery, Sinai, showing monks falling from the
4484:
1834:
is the Greek word which is traditionally used in place of the Hebrew word
917:
4957:
4906:
4797:
4780:
4603:
4401:
3033:
2449:
Thinking Through Faith: New Perspectives from Orthodox Christian Scholars
1864:
1737:
641:
Thinking Through Faith: New Perspectives from Orthodox Christian Scholars
376:
237:
154:
is a Greek name for a subterranean place of divine punishment lower than
139:
1821:
are two notable exceptions, both of which simply use the word "Gehenna".
1688:
until the resurrection. They base this belief on biblical texts such as
1339:
until the resurrection. They base this belief on biblical texts such as
4981:
4932:
4911:
4814:
4713:
4640:
4620:
4615:
4598:
3210:
The Love That Never Ends: A Key to the Catechism of the Catholic Church
1809:
1791:
1656:
1564:
1532:
1419:
1189:
1153:
traditions, hell is the place created by God for the punishment of the
1131:
866:
theologian Berard A. Marthaler also says that "hell is not 'a place'".
770:
426:
420:
341:
178:
172:
110:
3845:
5009:
4937:
4868:
4807:
4755:
4635:
4625:
4608:
4304:
38:10, Isa. 38:18, Ezek. 31:15, Hosea 13:14, Hosea 13:14, Psalm 141:7
3908:
The Alternative Trinity: Gnostic Heresy in Marlowe, Milton, and Blake
3767:
1457:
229:
122:
113:" in the New Testament, where it is described as a place where both
1919:"Bible Gateway passage: Revelation 21:8 - English Standard Version"
5019:
4969:
4952:
4785:
4748:
4650:
4645:
4593:
4576:
2850:
Singer-Towns, Brian; Claussen, Janet; Vanbrandwijk, Clare (2008).
2354:
while the selfish and impure see God the judge as fire—darkness".
1766:
1560:
1556:
1430:—its conservative branch is more specifically called 'Biblical or
1197:
1185:
1158:
1154:
1117:
969:
873:
743:
696:
678:
656:
650:
600:
471:
168:
75:
31:
4039:
4037:
3042:
Pope: Hell Is a Real Place Where Sinners Burn in Everlasting Fire
835:
and body, because both mind and body had a share in their sins."
515:) as containing separate divisions for the wicked and righteous.
220:
By at least the late or saboraic rabbinical period (500–640 AD),
5004:
4844:
4760:
4738:
1638:
will be present. Other mortals who during their lifetime become
1635:
1173:). It is the final destiny of every person who does not receive
727:
702:
114:
52:
is the place or state into which, by God's definitive judgment,
49:
4499:
3282:
The Faith of Millions: The Credentials of the Catholic Religion
2691:
Vatican News: Act of Contrition and Sacrament of Reconciliation
4495:
3794:
That all shall be saved: heaven, hell, and universal salvation
1804:
1423:
495:). Jesus here depicts a wicked man suffering fiery torment in
284:
269:
56:
442:
is most frequently described as a place of punishment (e.g.,
413:
129:
3343:"The Story of Fatima: The Apparitions of Our Lady of Fatima"
1981:"What the Bible says about Death, Afterlife, and the Future"
4415:
2451:
page 195 By Aristotle Papanikolaou, Elizabeth H. Prodromou
2234:
3rd ed., IVP, Leicester 1996. Article "Hell", pages 463-464
412:
The most common New Testament term translated as "Hell" is
63:, or, as some Christians believe, immediately after death (
1232:
The historic Protestant view of hell is expressed in the
920:
flags discussion of the location of hell as speculation:
655:"A Monster from Hell". A 19th-century Russian hand-drawn
205:
was thought of as a place situated below the ground (cf.
3410:
Adomnan of Iona, Life of St Columba. Penguin Books, 1995
2293:
scourge of those who reject its radiant power and light.
2129:
translates "ᾅδης" 8 times as "Hades" and once as "Hell".
3939:
Borges, J.L.; Arias, M.; Hadis, M.; Silver, K. (2013).
3457:
Martin Luther's Theology: A Contemporary Interpretation
3390:
Our Lady's Blue Army – World Apostolate of Fatima U.S.A
185:, a place to which all were sent indiscriminately (cf.
4467:
Maps with Christian views on Hell can be found in the
2268:
Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2013. Web. 4 March 2013.
644:
sense of being out of fellowship or loving communion.
4400:
3684:"The Nature of Hell. Conclusions and Recommendations"
3559:
Date, Christopher; Highfield, Ron (13 October 2015).
3386:"Week 1 – Lent with Jacinta – The "sins of impurity""
3055:
published Owen's article on its 28 March 2007 issue (
1945:
third edition, IVP 1996. Articles on "Hell", "Sheol".
1301:
A minority of Protestants believe in the doctrine of
252:
words appear in most English translations as "Hell":
2492:
In the World, of the Church: A Paul Evdokimov Reader
1394:
Some today holding mostly Protestant views (such as
4992:
4884:
4830:
4771:
4724:
4687:
4542:
4407:
The four last things: death, judgment, hell, heaven
3838:Guild, E.E. 'Arguments in Favour of Universalism'.
2466:
The Monk of Mount Athos: Staretz Silouan, 1866-1938
1297:
View of conditional immortality and annihilationism
475:, usually to refer to the abode of the dead (e.g.,
3030:The Fires of Hell Are Real and Eternal, Pope Warns
2911:
2851:
2495:. St Vladimir's Seminary Press. 2001. p. 32.
1309:after a period of "limited conscious punishment".
1130:depicting the rich man in hell asking for help to
1054:and all those marked with his number were placed.
671:" are purged before gaining admittance to heaven.
4426:. Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3347:World Apostolate of Fatima, official U.S. website
2934:Hell was a place of eternal suffering for sinners
2027:
2025:
2023:
1513:. It posits that human beings have an inviolable
3942:Professor Borges: A Course on English Literature
3843:http://godfire.net/eby/saviour_of_the_world.html
3768:"What do Seventh Day Adventists Really Believe?"
2266:Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition.
1868:as "Hell", though a few render it as "Tartarus".
1165:), and those whose names are not written in the
951:It is agreed that Hell is a place of suffering.
4016:(Salt Lake City, Utah: LDS Church, 2004) p. 81.
3840:http://www.tentmaker.org/books/InFavorCh20.html
1907:(Oxford University Press. 2005), article "Hell"
1607:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1418:) believe that after serving their sentence in
1258:
960:
534:
4232:"How long does hell burn for? | Bibleinfo.com"
4226:
4224:
3620:. Michigan Quakers: Crossroads Friends Meeting
910:that hell is either on the earth or under it.
629:Some Eastern Orthodox Christians believe that
142:), which occurs once in the New Testament (in
4511:
3735:"Are you an annihilationist, and if so, why?"
2533:. St. Vladimir's Seminary Press. p. 85.
2276:
2274:
1905:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
1377:Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures
687:into the mouth of a dragon, representing Hell
8:
3762:
3760:
3221:
3219:
2798:Religious and spiritual issues in counseling
2469:. St Vladimir's Seminary Press. p. 32.
1803:In the New Testament, both early (i.e., the
1774:is also translated as "the pit" three times.
1269:Some recent writers such as Anglican layman
667:as a place where believers suffer as their "
456:darkness and "weeping and gnashing of teeth"
3536:
3534:
3532:
3460:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 209.
2244:
2242:
2240:
1777:Modern Bible translations typically render
469:The New Testament also uses the Greek word
4518:
4504:
4496:
3824:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3232:. Twenty-Third Publications. p. 211.
2889:. Twenty-Third Publications. p. 211.
1998:
1996:
1994:
1807:) and modern translations often translate
1692:which states "the dead know nothing", and
1357:also teach the annihilationist viewpoint.
1343:which states "the dead know nothing", and
519:Parables of Jesus concerning the hereafter
4052:(Salt Lake City, Utah: LDS Church, 2011).
4024:
4022:
3590:. Concordia Publishing House. p. 39.
3565:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 84.
3430:"Catechism of the Catholic Church – Hell"
3127:Fox, "The Catholic Faith", p. 262 (1983).
3069:Hell 'exists and is eternal, ' Pope warns
2829:. Indiana University Press. p. 145.
2005:3rd edition, IVP Leicester 1996. "Sheol".
1903:Cross, F. L., Livingstone, E. (editors),
2017:3rd edition, IVP Leicester 1996, "Hell".
567:in which unrighteous people are thrown.
434:, this term is found exclusively in the
254:
4442:Sermons for all the Sundays in the year
3884:. Parkland, Fla: Universal Publishers.
3605:. Lindsay & Blakiston. p. 118.
3546:Evangelical Methodist Church Conference
3542:Evangelical Methodist Church Discipline
3036:reproduced the article as published on
1890:
1505:and a doctrine of hell. In comparison,
1254:Evangelical Methodist Church Conference
424:), a direct loan of Hebrew גהנום/גהנם (
4451:"Heaven and Hell in Christian Thought"
4437:"Sermon X. On the pains of hell"
4343:Acts 2:27, New American Standard Bible
3817:
3716:
3705:
3670:Introducing Christian Doctrine, 2nd ed
2826:Kierkegaard and the Catholic Tradition
2662:Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1033
2297:The Orthodox Church of America website
1898:
1896:
1894:
1781:as "the grave", "the pit", or "death".
1740:and contradictory to that reported by
913:The posthumous supplement to Aquinas'
781:As self-exclusion or final impenitence
585:, the abyss is the place in which the
487:as a place of torment, the parable of
213:for the righteous and wicked (cf. the
4168:: The Miracle of Forgiveness, p. 123.
4014:True to the Faith: A Gospel Reference
3485:. Oxford: Clarendon. pp. 30, 69.
2680:Catechism of the Catholic Church 1452
2640:Council of Trent, Session 14, Canon 5
1598:Plan of salvation (Latter Day Saints)
1531:Many gnostic Christians, such as the
7:
4352:Acts 2:27, New International Version
3361:"A Summary of the Message of Fatima"
3082:of 3 April 2007, again referring to
2619:. British Museum Press. p. 20.
894:In a homily given on 25 March 2007,
878:Hell (on the right) is portrayed in
90:. Many modern versions, such as the
4460:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
3846:http://www.godfire.net/Hellidx.html
2595:Epistle I to Theodore of Mopsuestia
2249:New Dictionary of Biblical Theology
1709:Gomorrah, that later extinguished.
1024:, the visionaries claimed that the
523:In the eschatological discourse of
181:belief, the dead were consigned to
40:'s depiction of Hell (16th century)
4370:Luke 16:23, New Living Translation
4205:. 11 November 2016. Archived from
4029:Doctrine and Covenants section 138
3618:"What Do Conservative Friends Bel"
3116:The Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma
1434:'— related to, but different from
1188:(i.e., the abode of the dead) and
563:The Book of Revelation mentions a
25:
4361:Acts 2:27, New Living Translation
4313:Num. 16:30, Num. 16:33, Job 17:16
3741:. 19 January 2008. Archived from
2854:Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth
1567:" as eternal destruction or the "
1092:Predestination § Catholicism
854:Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth
18:Hell in Eastern Orthodox theology
4678:
4535:
4483:
4420:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
4087:Doctrine and Covenants 88:100–01
3911:. Clarendon Press. p. 260.
3178:Catechism of the Catholic Church
2463:Sophrony, Archimandrite (2001).
1602:Spirit world (Latter Day Saints)
1068:in the Middle Ages claimed that
990:, Catholic writer and historian
956:Catechism of the Catholic Church
788:Catechism of the Catholic Church
4190:Doctrine and Covenants 76:45–46
4178:Doctrine and Covenants 29:36–39
4154:Doctrine and Covenants 76:43–46
4099:Doctrine and Covenants 19:10–12
4044:"Chapter 46: The Last Judgment"
3945:. New Directions. p. 145.
1537:The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
499:, which is contrasted with the
228:are destined to Gehinnom." (M.
148:Holman Christian Standard Bible
3601:Schweinitz, Edmund De (1859).
3057:Hell is real and eternal: Pope
2858:. Saint Mary's Press. p.
2516:Father Theodore Stylianopoulos
1422:, all souls are reconciled to
1289:Another area of debate is the
1035:, it is claimed that she told
891:that its location is unknown.
748:Medieval image of hell in the
483:). Only one passage describes
1:
4150:Guide to the Scriptures: Hell
3524:Exposition of Salomon's Booke
3226:Marthaler, Berard L. (2007).
2883:Marthaler, Berard A. (2007).
2773:"28 July 1999 – John Paul II"
2651:USCCB Bible, Matthew 25:41,46
2530:The Resurrection and the Icon
1204:; and different views on the
886:(or Bosch workshop) painting.
121::28) in "unquenchable fire" (
117:and body could be destroyed (
3792:Hart, David Bentley (2019).
3481:James, Frank A. III (1998).
2555:"The Spirit of Thankfulness"
2251:; IVP Leicester 2000, "Hell"
2140:Contemporary English Version
1681:Seventh-day Adventist Church
1675:Seventh-day Adventist Church
1333:Seventh-day Adventist Church
527:, Jesus says that, when the
3881:The Inescapable Love of God
3858:The Inescapable Love of God
3548:. 15 July 2017. p. 17.
3100:Joseph Hontheim, "Hell" in
2914:Religion in the Renaissance
1958:mg. "Gehenna": in Mk. 9:47)
1815:Young's Literal Translation
719:The Ladder of Divine Ascent
5069:
4284:, Lesson 11, item eleven."
4267:, "the unseen world"; and
3259:. Zondervan. p. 176.
3253:Hayes, Zachary J. (1996).
3063:of 28 March 2007, quoting
1595:
1589:
1524:
1387:
1111:
1089:
737:
614:
608:
574:
565:lake of fire and brimstone
556:
454:); other passages mention
414:
166:
130:
5048:Afterlife in Christianity
4676:
4533:
4414:Hontheim, Joseph (1910).
4125:"The King Follett Sermon"
3102:The Catholic Encyclopedia
2714:NewAdvent: Predestination
2114:New International Version
1547:
1291:fate of the unevangelized
625:Eastern Orthodox theology
430:). Apart from one use in
232:4:14); also described in
92:New International Version
3074:11 November 2010 at the
2600:30 December 2010 at the
2378:27 December 2011 at the
2360:27 December 2011 at the
2341:27 December 2011 at the
2127:English Standard Version
1476:Trinitarian Universalist
1440:universal reconciliation
1432:Trinitarian universalism
1220:who held that death was
1208:or the alternative, the
1114:Christian views on Hades
701:Depiction of Hell on an
4129:churchofjesuschrist.org
4067:churchofjesuschrist.org
3992:"What Is Judgment Day?"
3878:Thomas Talbott (1999).
3586:Luecke, George (1920).
3080:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
3006:CiNews of 28 March 2007
2613:Cormack, Robin (2007).
2527:Quenot, Michel (1997).
2262:Encyclopædia Britannica
1979:Tabor, James D (n.d.).
1721:Swedenborgianism § Hell
1642:, those who commit the
1303:conditional immortality
1210:conditional immortality
1206:immortality of the soul
775:the sheep and the goats
27:Christian views on Hell
4263:, "the unseen state";
3998:: 10–11. January 2010.
3974:"What Really Is Hell?"
3905:Nuttall, A.D. (1998).
3715:Cite journal requires
3690:. 2000. Archived from
3498:Know the Truth, 2nd ed
3454:Bayer, Oswald (2008).
3280:John Anthony O'Brien,
2910:Flatt, Lizann (2009).
2221:2 Peter 2:4
2153:New Living Translation
2101:1 Cor. 15:55
2089:1 Cor. 15:55
1968:2 Peter 2:4
1436:Unitarian Universalism
1428:Christian universalism
1390:Christian Universalism
1384:Christian Universalism
1263:
1234:Westminster Confession
1146:
1077:Call to responsibility
965:
887:
847:Hans Urs von Balthasar
757:
713:
688:
660:
646:Archimandrite Sophrony
606:
597:Eastern Orthodox views
545:
542:Matthew 25:41–43 (NIV)
333:death's kingdom (3/9)
41:
5053:Christian terminology
4423:Catholic Encyclopedia
4380:Catholic for a Reason
3365:salvemariaregina.info
3331:– via Facebook.
2947:Catholic Encyclopedia
1838:in works such as the
1819:New World Translation
1596:Further information:
1454:Clement of Alexandria
1240:confession of faith:
1121:
1098:double predestination
1090:Further information:
904:Catholic Encyclopedia
877:
821:As a place or a state
747:
700:
682:
654:
604:
589:is imprisoned during
575:Further information:
557:Further information:
35:
4492:at Wikimedia Commons
4490:Hell in Christianity
4409:. Benziger Brothers.
4209:on 22 September 2023
3980:: 5–7. 15 July 2002.
3688:Evangelical Alliance
3496:Bruce Milne (1998).
3300:PublishersWeekly.com
3047:2 March 2012 at the
3011:20 July 2011 at the
2918:. Crabtree. p.
2823:Jack Mulder (2010).
2752:Catholic News Agency
2232:New Bible Dictionary
2015:New Bible Dictionary
2003:New Bible Dictionary
1943:New Bible Dictionary
1885:Notes and references
1748:Biblical terminology
1694:1 Thessalonians 4:13
1345:1 Thessalonians 4:13
1228:Eternal torment view
1128:Rich man and Lazarus
1064:A story recorded by
902:Writing in the 1910
845:Catholic theologian
795:at death and accept
5043:Hell (Christianity)
5000:Davy Jones's locker
3694:on 22 February 2012
3500:. IVP. p. 335.
3185:9 June 2012 at the
2667:9 June 2012 at the
2323:4 July 2007 at the
2304:4 July 2007 at the
2033:"Genesis 1:1 (KJV)"
1879:Hell in Catholicism
1742:John the Evangelist
1653:premortal existence
1553:Jehovah's Witnesses
1548:Jehovah's Witnesses
1351:Jehovah's Witnesses
1256:similarly teaches:
1016:, such as those at
947:Nature of suffering
832:Baltimore Catechism
754:Herrad of Landsberg
740:Hell in Catholicism
587:Seven-Headed Dragon
327:Hades (7/9 or 4/9)
234:Assumption of Moses
65:particular judgment
4744:Gate of the Ghosts
4469:Cornell University
4203:"Forever and Ever"
4166:Spencer W. Kimball
3653:The Case for Faith
3256:Four Views on Hell
2428:on 2 February 2011
1250:Book of Discipline
1194:intermediate state
1147:
1070:Benedict of Nursia
1044:Book of Revelation
1033:Fátima in Portugal
1014:Marian apparitions
977:Augustine of Hippo
915:Summa theologiciae
888:
758:
714:
689:
661:
607:
583:Book of Revelation
46:Christian theology
42:
5030:
5029:
4668:World of Darkness
4488:Media related to
4449:Talbott, Thomas.
4432:Liguori, Alphonus
4397:Cochem, Martin of
4325:, VI. V.2, "Hell"
4323:Roget's Thesaurus
4282:Christian Healing
4273:Archdeacon Farrar
4049:Gospel Principles
3952:978-0-8112-1875-7
3918:978-0-19-818462-1
3856:Talbott, Thomas.
3803:978-0-300-24622-3
3672:. Baker Academic.
3640:The Great Divorce
3572:978-1-4982-2306-5
3467:978-0-8028-2799-9
3239:978-0-89622-537-4
3088:Playing with fire
2929:978-0-7787-4597-6
2896:978-0-89622-537-4
2869:978-0-88489-987-7
2836:978-0-253-22236-7
2626:978-0-674-02619-3
2037:Blue Letter Bible
1686:unconscious sleep
1661:kingdoms of glory
1640:sons of perdition
1586:Latter Day Saints
1371:Christian Science
1366:Christian Science
1337:unconscious sleep
997:Publishers Weekly
941:Norman L. Geisler
908:Gregory the Great
896:Pope Benedict XVI
882:, a 16th-century
880:Paradise and Hell
839:Pope John Paul II
761:As eternal flames
750:Hortus deliciarum
734:Roman Catholicism
621:Aerial toll house
581:According to the
489:Lazarus and Dives
410:
409:
199:Ecclesiastes 9:10
163:Jewish background
38:Hieronymous Bosch
16:(Redirected from
5060:
4928:Asphodel Meadows
4682:
4631:Bosom of Abraham
4539:
4520:
4513:
4506:
4497:
4487:
4464:
4455:Zalta, Edward N.
4445:
4439:
4427:
4419:
4410:
4404:
4383:
4377:
4371:
4368:
4362:
4359:
4353:
4350:
4344:
4341:
4335:
4332:
4326:
4320:
4314:
4311:
4305:
4301:
4295:
4291:
4285:
4278:Charles Fillmore
4253:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4242:
4228:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4199:
4193:
4187:
4181:
4175:
4169:
4163:
4157:
4146:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4120:
4114:
4108:
4102:
4096:
4090:
4084:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4073:
4059:
4053:
4041:
4032:
4026:
4017:
4006:
4000:
3999:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3970:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3875:
3869:
3854:
3848:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3823:
3815:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3764:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3731:
3725:
3724:
3718:
3713:
3711:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3666:Millard Erickson
3662:
3656:
3649:
3643:
3636:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3625:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3538:
3527:
3520:
3514:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3426:
3420:
3417:
3411:
3408:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3292:
3286:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3223:
3214:
3204:
3198:
3195:
3189:
3174:
3168:
3165:
3159:
3152:
3146:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3119:
3118:, p. 479 (1955).
3112:
3106:
3097:
3091:
3059:). The Canadian
3021:
3015:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2978:
2972:
2971:, p. 404 (1903).
2965:
2959:
2956:
2950:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2917:
2907:
2901:
2900:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2857:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2820:
2814:
2807:
2801:
2800:, p. 236 (2003).
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2744:
2738:
2733:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2711:
2705:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2659:
2653:
2648:
2642:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2610:
2604:
2592:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2561:. Archived from
2551:
2545:
2544:
2524:
2518:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2460:
2454:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2424:. Archived from
2414:
2408:
2407:
2400:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2370:
2364:
2351:
2345:
2333:
2327:
2314:
2308:
2290:
2284:
2278:
2269:
2258:
2252:
2246:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2218:
2212:
2162:
2156:
2149:
2143:
2136:
2130:
2123:
2117:
2110:
2104:
2097:
2091:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2029:
2018:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1989:
1988:
1983:. Archived from
1976:
1970:
1965:
1959:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1915:
1909:
1900:
1860:2 Peter 2:4
1858:Only appears in
1789:The Hebrew word
1758:King James Bible
1713:Swedenborgianism
1690:Ecclesiastes 9:5
1644:unpardonable sin
1462:Gregory of Nyssa
1396:George MacDonald
1355:Christadelphians
1341:Ecclesiastes 9:5
1171:Revelation 20:15
884:Hieronymus Bosch
767:Council of Trent
707:Gelati Monastery
685:Ladder to Heaven
611:Bosom of Abraham
577:Abyss (religion)
548:Related concepts
543:
525:Matthew 25:31–46
505:intertestamental
501:bosom of Abraham
481:Revelation 20:13
436:synoptic gospels
417:
416:
255:
248:Three different
191:Numbers 16:30–33
133:
132:
61:general judgment
21:
5068:
5067:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5033:
5032:
5031:
5026:
4988:
4943:Fortunate Isles
4880:
4826:
4767:
4720:
4683:
4674:
4540:
4529:
4524:
4480:
4448:
4430:
4413:
4402:"On Hell"
4395:
4392:
4390:Further reading
4387:
4386:
4378:
4374:
4369:
4365:
4360:
4356:
4351:
4347:
4342:
4338:
4333:
4329:
4321:
4317:
4312:
4308:
4302:
4298:
4292:
4288:
4254:
4250:
4240:
4238:
4230:
4229:
4222:
4212:
4210:
4201:
4200:
4196:
4188:
4184:
4176:
4172:
4164:
4160:
4147:
4143:
4133:
4131:
4122:
4121:
4117:
4109:
4105:
4097:
4093:
4085:
4081:
4071:
4069:
4061:
4060:
4056:
4042:
4035:
4027:
4020:
4007:
4003:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3972:
3971:
3967:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3938:
3937:
3933:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3892:
3877:
3876:
3872:
3855:
3851:
3837:
3833:
3816:
3804:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3776:
3774:
3766:
3765:
3758:
3748:
3746:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3714:
3704:
3697:
3695:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3664:
3663:
3659:
3650:
3646:
3637:
3633:
3623:
3621:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3573:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3540:
3539:
3530:
3521:
3517:
3512:Psychopannychia
3509:
3505:
3495:
3494:
3490:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3468:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3438:
3436:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3409:
3405:
3395:
3393:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3369:
3367:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3326:
3324:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3305:
3303:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3278:
3274:
3267:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3240:
3225:
3224:
3217:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3192:
3187:Wayback Machine
3175:
3171:
3166:
3162:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3122:
3113:
3109:
3098:
3094:
3076:Wayback Machine
3049:Wayback Machine
3022:
3018:
3013:Wayback Machine
3004:
3000:
2990:
2988:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2966:
2962:
2957:
2953:
2944:
2940:
2930:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2897:
2882:
2881:
2877:
2870:
2849:
2848:
2844:
2837:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2808:
2804:
2795:
2791:
2781:
2779:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2756:
2754:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2730:
2723:
2719:
2712:
2708:
2701:
2697:
2689:
2685:
2678:
2674:
2669:Wayback Machine
2660:
2656:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2634:
2627:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2602:Wayback Machine
2593:
2589:
2582:
2578:
2568:
2566:
2565:on 3 March 2016
2553:
2552:
2548:
2541:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2514:
2510:
2503:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2477:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2445:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2389:
2385:
2380:Wayback Machine
2371:
2367:
2362:Wayback Machine
2352:
2348:
2343:Wayback Machine
2334:
2330:
2325:Wayback Machine
2315:
2311:
2306:Wayback Machine
2294:
2291:
2287:
2279:
2272:
2259:
2255:
2247:
2238:
2230:
2226:
2219:
2215:
2163:
2159:
2150:
2146:
2137:
2133:
2124:
2120:
2111:
2107:
2098:
2094:
2055:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2031:
2030:
2021:
2013:
2009:
2001:
1992:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1962:
1953:
1949:
1941:
1937:
1927:
1925:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1901:
1892:
1887:
1875:
1750:
1730:
1715:
1677:
1604:
1594:
1588:
1580:Christadelphian
1550:
1529:
1523:
1503:omnibenevolence
1450:Problem of Hell
1404:William Barclay
1392:
1386:
1368:
1363:
1299:
1230:
1212:. For example,
1116:
1110:
1094:
1088:
1079:
1058:Columba of Iona
1010:
949:
929:
872:
828:
823:
783:
763:
742:
736:
716:Icons based on
692:John Chrysostom
677:
627:
613:
599:
579:
573:
561:
555:
550:
544:
541:
521:
507:Jewish view of
246:
175:
167:Main articles:
165:
138:, derived from
128:The Greek verb
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5066:
5064:
5056:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5035:
5034:
5028:
5027:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5022:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4996:
4994:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4985:
4984:
4974:
4973:
4972:
4962:
4961:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4916:
4915:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4888:
4886:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4864:Zoroastrianism
4861:
4860:
4859:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4836:
4834:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4824:
4823:
4822:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4805:
4795:
4794:
4793:
4788:
4777:
4775:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4763:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4730:
4728:
4722:
4721:
4719:
4718:
4717:
4716:
4706:
4705:
4704:
4693:
4691:
4685:
4684:
4677:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4671:
4670:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4656:Tzoah Rotachat
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4591:
4590:
4589:
4584:
4582:Outer darkness
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4548:
4546:
4541:
4534:
4531:
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3796:. New Haven .
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3745:on 17 May 2020
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3302:. 17 June 2014
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1592:Outer darkness
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4111:Moses 5:22–26
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1698:Matthew 16:27
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1665:Last Judgment
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1612:
1611:Spirit Prison
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1541:William Blake
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1445:apocatastasis
1441:
1437:
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1397:
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1323:
1322:Clark Pinnock
1319:
1315:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1284:Luke 12:46–48
1281:
1280:Matthew 10:15
1276:
1275:J.P. Moreland
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1251:
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1218:Martin Luther
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1199:
1195:
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1187:
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1179:last judgment
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1164:
1163:Matthew 25:41
1160:
1156:
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1108:Protestantism
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1105:
1103:
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1074:
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1066:Cluniac monks
1062:
1059:
1055:
1053:
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1042:The biblical
1040:
1038:
1037:Jacinta Marto
1034:
1029:
1027:
1023:
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1007:
1005:
1003:
999:
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993:
989:
986:In his book,
984:
981:
978:
974:
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959:
957:
952:
946:
944:
942:
938:
937:Robert J. Fox
934:
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918:suppl. Q97 A4
916:
911:
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617:Apocatastasis
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493:Luke 16:19–31
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464:Matthew 22:13
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4572:Lake of fire
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4458:
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2426:the original
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1731:
1728:Unity Church
1718:
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1624:resurrection
1621:
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1569:second death
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1499:common grace
1491:
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1408:Keith DeRose
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1361:Other groups
1349:
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1318:Edward Fudge
1311:
1300:
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1202:resurrection
1183:
1167:book of life
1149:In historic
1148:
1144:James Tissot
1095:
1080:
1063:
1056:
1048:lake of fire
1041:
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559:Lake of Fire
553:Lake of Fire
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460:Matthew 8:12
452:Mark 9:43–49
444:Matthew 5:22
439:
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411:
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343:
336:grave (6/9)
330:Hades (8/9)
324:Hades (9/9)
318:Hell (9/10)
308:
266:occurrences
247:
221:
219:
210:
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4527:Underworlds
4152:; see also
4134:24 November
3322:"Anne Rice"
3284:, pp. 19–20
1844:Purgatorium
1813:as "Hell".
1702:Romans 6:23
1649:Eternal sin
1507:Arminianism
1412:Robin Parry
1314:John Wenham
1307:annihilated
1271:C. S. Lewis
1214:John Calvin
1157:and fallen
1102:John Calvin
1046:mentions a
1026:Virgin Mary
669:venial sins
207:Ezek. 31:15
195:Psalm 86:13
177:In ancient
54:unrepentant
5037:Categories
4874:Hamistagan
4726:East Asian
4255:"The word
4241:29 January
4213:13 October
3812:1089571251
3777:1 February
3434:Vatican.va
3396:30 October
3370:30 October
2432:11 January
1840:Septuagint
1628:Millennium
1616:revelation
1573:Armageddon
1527:Gnosticism
1521:Gnosticism
1400:Karl Barth
1236:(1646), a
1151:Protestant
1050:where the
858:imprimatur
810:contrition
793:mortal sin
615:See also:
609:See also:
529:Son of Man
226:physicians
119:Matthew 10
104:underworld
4832:Near East
4663:Mandaeism
4587:Purgatory
4544:Abrahamic
4444:. Dublin.
3820:cite book
3229:The Creed
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3084:The Times
3065:The Times
3038:The Times
3025:The Times
2886:The Creed
2209:James 3:6
2112:The 2010
2069:Acts 2:27
1848:Purgatory
1655:followed
1515:free will
1511:synergism
1494:Calvinism
1326:Greg Boyd
1175:salvation
1002:Anne Rice
756:(c. 1180)
665:purgatory
636:hates God
477:Acts 2:31
432:James 3:6
427:ge-hinnom
377:ταρταρῶ (
230:Kiddushin
150:states: "
144:2 Peter 2
86:" in the
78:" in the
4958:Tartarus
4907:Niflheim
4902:Náströnd
4885:European
4840:Egyptian
4798:Hinduism
4781:Buddhism
4689:American
4604:Jahannam
4434:(1882).
4399:(1899).
3698:19 April
3668:(2001).
3624:2 August
3183:Archived
3072:Archived
3045:Archived
3034:Fox News
3009:Archived
2725:CCC 1037
2665:Archived
2598:Archived
2376:Archived
2358:Archived
2339:Archived
2321:Archived
2302:Archived
2260:"hell."
2085:20:13–14
2077:Rev 1:18
2065:Lk 10:15
2057:Mt 11:23
1873:See also
1865:Tartarus
1855:Tartarus
1817:and the
1738:doctrine
1448:and the
1238:Reformed
1196:between
958:states:
864:Capuchin
540:—
379:Tartarō̂
342:γέεννα (
259:Greek NT
238:2 Esdras
222:Gehinnom
152:Tartarus
140:Tartarus
4982:Tuonela
4933:Elysium
4912:Niflhel
4857:Irkalla
4815:Jainism
4734:Chinese
4714:Xibalba
4702:Mictlān
4641:Gehenna
4621:Abaddon
4616:Judaism
4599:Barzakh
4457:(ed.).
4269:Gehenna
3958:21 June
3924:21 June
3860:.1999.
3749:13 July
3522:Luther
3510:Calvin
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2736:CCC 393
2703:CCC 391
2205:Lk 12:5
2193:Mk 9:43
1928:24 July
1810:Gehenna
1800:Gehenna
1792:abaddon
1786:Abaddon
1756:In the
1663:at the
1657:Lucifer
1565:Gehenna
1559:" and "
1533:Cathars
1420:Gehenna
1252:of the
1190:Gehenna
1136:Lazarus
1132:Abraham
1126:of the
1124:parable
1008:Visions
856:, with
804:"hell."
771:parable
726:, show
711:Georgia
458:(e.g.,
440:Gehenna
421:gehenna
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344:Gehenna
173:Gehenna
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131:ταρταρῶ
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4803:Naraka
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4072:5 June
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4010:"Hell"
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1140:heaven
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675:Images
631:Heaven
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179:Jewish
123:Mark 9
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4970:Annwn
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4953:Orcus
4948:Hades
4923:Roman
4919:Greek
4892:Norse
4786:Bardo
4749:Youdu
4697:Aztec
4651:Tehom
4646:Sheol
4594:Islam
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4562:Hades
4557:Abyss
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4265:Hades
4261:Sheol
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2616:Icons
2189:23:33
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2177:10:28
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1826:Hades
1779:Sheol
1772:Sheol
1767:Sheol
1764:term
1753:Sheol
1561:Hades
1557:Sheol
1497:only
1222:sleep
1198:death
1186:Hades
1169:(cf.
1161:(cf.
1155:devil
1052:beast
970:Satan
870:Place
826:State
728:monks
722:, by
657:lubok
571:Abyss
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497:hades
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472:hades
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403:Hell
400:Hell
397:Hell
394:Hell
391:Hell
388:Hell
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368:Hell
365:Hell
362:Hell
359:Hell
356:Hell
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211:sheol
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