34:
101:
122:) for English-speaking Wikipedians. Its purpose is to explain the IPA's basic principles to English speakers. IPA clearly and unambiguously indicates how a word or name actually sounds with one letter for each sound. Knowledge uses IPA because it's the global standard used by professionals and the only system used in most schools in the world.
1412:
may approximate
Icelandic phonology, but such information will likely be too much for English readers, who may need to reference the name using what is at best an approximate pronunciation anyway. (Often an English version of a foreign name will try to employ translation in combination with partial
1324:
do not pronounce at the end of a syllable. However, Knowledge convention writes in a way that recognizes the rhotic pronunciation, even for places or words normally pronounced with a non-rhotic accent. For example, the pronunciation of the
British town of
1403:
873:. (Many of you might not make this distinction, in which case you can think of these vowel letters as being the same when reading the IPA.) For those of you who distinguish it, there is a third similar sound, the
1382:(something for fluent IPA users to consider). The word "transcribe" is used to distinguish this from normal writing or spelling, which has other purposes (such as preserving word etymologies and meaning).
701:
are closer to the
Classical pronunciation (still found in Spanish and Italian) than the long vowels are, it is the short vowels which are transcribed with IPA letters which resemble the English letters
1378:
The second purpose concerns only linguists. The first purpose concerns any interested reader, but only to a limited degree, as transcribing words into IPA does not need to be perfect or overly
2292:
296:, as if you were reading the English alphabet. In the words below, the vowel letters are pronounced as in the English alphabet, but this is not a system found in any other language:
1413:
transcription, but this often stays unnecessarily close to the original spelling and therefore prevents
English speakers from using sounds they can easily produce. For example
740:) were originally written as capital letters, and that is sometimes still done with manual typewriters. However, small caps looked better, so they were for a time written
1385:
IPA is complex enough to represent nearly anything, but high-fidelity transcriptions will use glyphs that are unfamiliar to
English readers and unpracticed in English
2354:
156:. While the English system is compact, it is also ambiguous. The IPA is unambiguous, representing each vowel sound with a unique letter or sequence. (See the
446:.) While transcribing in the IPA, you can write English alphaphonemic vowels as capitals: , , , , , etc., and then convert from the conventions above:
57:; rather, its purpose is to explain certain aspects of Knowledge's norms, customs, technicalities, or practices. It may reflect differing levels of
2328:
269:
1301:. However, since this makes no difference within English, and not all English dialects actually use the sound, it's very common to see English
382:
Several of these sounds are actually two vowel sounds combined, rather than pure vowel sounds as they are in
Spanish or Italian: The letter
2349:
2302:
1080:
is used for two sounds in
English. Since the IPA uses a single letter for each sound, two new letters are required for these two sounds:
1481:
2297:
1449:
etc. are not used at all in the IPA, or similar combinations of two letters are used to logically represent two sounds, for example
54:
2287:
194:: IPA consonants are mostly intuitive to an English speaker, with the same letter used for the same sound. Thus you already know
1490:
130:
118:
168:, are in fact combinations of two sounds (diphthongs), which is why they are transcribed in the IPA with two letters apiece:
50:
1567:
1205:. This may be hard for an English speaker to hear, but is obvious to a French speaker, which is why we get spellings like
1729:
293:
157:
42:
1640:
2161:
2106:
1976:
1757:
1699:
2096:
1854:
1752:
1620:
1545:
1540:
1530:
108:
at the bottom of any edit window. Only a handful of these special letters are needed for transcribing
English.
892:. (A rather unusual IPA letter, as that's an unusual vowel, not found in many languages). The vowel sound in
2216:
2101:
1799:
1784:
2016:
1991:
1926:
1714:
1655:
1562:
1535:
1474:
1450:
1379:
1334:
1330:
1317:
1306:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1262:
1239:
1187:
1180:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1115:
1104:
1094:
1083:
1070:
1055:
1043:
1036:
1000:
989:
982:
975:
949:
942:
935:
927:
923:
916:
901:
897:
889:
870:
851:
831:
827:
802:
779:
768:
761:
754:
747:
725:
683:
676:
668:
652:
640:
636:
617:
613:
579:
561:
552:
539:
535:
525:
512:
508:
498:
490:
480:
467:
463:
453:
439:
423:
419:
411:
403:
395:
387:
261:
257:
223:
211:
199:
195:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
1337:. Knowledge does not follow the usual approach of many United Kingdom dictionaries which place the final
2246:
133:.) Fortunately, using the IPA for English requires learning only the following small subset of them:
2046:
1971:
1774:
1692:
1645:
1572:
1313:
2231:
2056:
2006:
1931:
1916:
1650:
1582:
1391:
105:
62:
58:
2211:
2091:
2021:
1986:
1946:
1829:
1814:
1809:
1762:
1704:
1635:
1602:
1507:
1397:
1321:
72:
2226:
2196:
2111:
2086:
2071:
1961:
1936:
1911:
1861:
1789:
1779:
1744:
1739:
1709:
1662:
1630:
1557:
1552:
1512:
1467:
126:
2256:
2236:
2206:
2201:
2191:
2166:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2081:
2076:
2066:
2061:
2041:
2026:
1996:
1966:
1951:
1921:
1906:
1881:
1849:
1834:
1724:
1687:
1677:
1615:
1607:
1587:
1517:
961:
282:
2266:
2261:
2181:
2116:
2051:
2036:
2011:
2001:
1891:
1886:
1876:
1866:
1794:
1734:
1719:
1672:
1597:
1592:
1577:
1525:
1502:
1290:
706:
However, they are modified to show that they aren't exactly the
Classical sounds. For the
2271:
2251:
2241:
2221:
2176:
2171:
2141:
1981:
1941:
1901:
1871:
1839:
1824:
1804:
1769:
1682:
1667:
1459:
1453:
for the two vowel sounds in "may", not the single vowel sound at the end of "receive ".
966:
While most IPA consonants are intuitive for
English speakers, there are some caveats:
100:
919:, a symbol used in many US dictionaries. The stressed syllable is marked with a tick:
236:
2343:
2186:
2031:
1956:
1819:
1261:
doesn't affect the consonant sound, just the vowel. In the IPA, this is transcribed
805:. The exact pronunciation of this sound varies considerably among English dialects.
1896:
1844:
1207:
1163:
There is a sound with no letter or digraph in English, though sometimes written
715:
161:
141:
129:
for almost all of the distinctive sounds found in the world's languages. (See
1386:
1371:
1364:
1326:
198:, as long as you remember that these each have a single sound. For example,
2318:
999:
has in central European languages like German and Polish. The IPA letter
17:
694:
English short vowels are all transcribed by a single letter in the IPA.
1136:
104:
You can insert letters and glyphs from IPA and other systems from a
1389:. For example a transcription of something like the Icelandic name
1098:
908:
818:
99:
746:. These took more cursive forms over time, and are today written
720:
623:
There are a couple other long vowels and diphthongs in English:
1463:
1119:
28:
911:
sound found in many unstressed syllables, as at the end of
1293:, as in Italian and Spanish. The rather unusual English
87:
80:
125:
IPA's most daunting feature is that it has discrete
2311:
2280:
1374:
of a language (how the language as a whole sounds).
930:is never used for a stressed vowel; for words like
114:
introduction to the International Phonetic Alphabet
1354:
842:is long in many dialects, but different than the
160:). Note that most of what in English are called "
1429:) would be closer and still easy to pronounce.)
1309:, and that's the convention used on Knowledge.
256:, are transcribed with two IPA letters apiece,
1475:
1421:) is a sufficiently close approximation, but
1231:sound within it.) The IPA uses the same long
8:
1175:In the IPA, it's written with a 'stretched'
1003:is used for a non-English vowel, the French
771:. The latter, of course, is also the short
643:. That is, it is written like the vowel of
226:, which has its Central-European values, a
222:. The letter which most confuses people is
1482:
1468:
1460:
588:A w-like sound can be heard at the end of
292:The first principle is to not use English
1289:Finally, the IPA letter is officially a
1223:doesn't make any difference, because the
826:Because it's long in many dialects, it's
1355:IPA's purpose and Knowledge's use of IPA
2303:Other English pronunciation respellings
1438:
1167:in foreign words. It's usually written
1046:. This is not the same as the sound in
131:International Phonetic Alphabet#Letters
1235:for this sound here as anywhere else:
1396:
7:
2355:International Phonetic Alphabet help
1333:, though the local pronunciation is
1297:sound is transcribed with a turned
1146:, to make it easier to read, as in
1028:is written by combining the letter
846:sound. It's written with an "open"
822:, which looks like a single-storey
794:, is written as an upturned letter
2298:Knowledge pronunciation respelling
55:Knowledge's policies or guidelines
24:
1245:Similarly, the English consonant
1142:. It's used in its cursive form,
196:/b,d,f,ɡ,h,k,l,m,n,p,r,s,t,v,w,z/
268:are not used. See and hear also
240:. Two English consonant sounds,
32:
1491:International Phonetic Alphabet
1447:ee, oo, au, ei, ai, ou, ie, eu,
1058:. This sound also appears when
443:
377:ee, oo, au, ei, ai, ou, ie, eu,
202:always represents the sound of
2329:Manual of Style: Pronunciation
1253:sound in it. For instance, in
995:(This is the value the letter
1:
1367:of words (how they sound) and
1316:. Non-rhotic accents such as
1314:rhotic and non-rhotic accents
1118:(from the Old English letter
907:Finally, there's the slurred
900:, therefore it is written as
697:Because English short vowels
152:) to represent some 15 vowel
1193:As noted above, the digraph
570:: English commonly requires
294:alphaphonemic pronunciations
2350:Knowledge information pages
2288:IPA conventions for English
970:The sound of the consonant
885:vowel letter rotated 180°:
600:, and it may come out like
2371:
959:
896:is written as an upturned
862:looks just like a regular
470:, which would be Germanic
280:
70:
26:Knowledge information page
1498:
1305:transcribed with a plain
1197:is a sequence of sounds,
1131:The sound of the digraph
1122:, which was used for the
881:This is written with the
422:. In the IPA, the letter
1410:island-mountain glacier,
1312:English is divided into
1135:is transcribed with the
816:is written with a Greek
426:is used for the English
1370:to give samples of the
1359:IPA's purposes are to:
1097:(from the Greek letter
926:. Note that the letter
264:. The English digraphs
1318:Received Pronunciation
1215:in English. (Adding a
962:Help:IPA/English § Key
655:. As noted above, the
283:Help:IPA/English § Key
109:
1445:The English digraphs
1347:The English digraphs
1249:is a sequence with a
1032:with the tail of the
616:in the transcription
602:echo-wecho-wecho-wing
379:etc. are not used.
375:The English digraphs
270:consonant audio chart
103:
2324:For English speakers
1568:Australian languages
858:, since a small cap
671:. There is also the
647:without the initial
214:always the sound of
51:encyclopedic article
2312:Introductory guides
1423:Eyja-fjatla glacier
1415:Eyja-fjalla glacier
1050:which has an extra
854:looks like an open
612:; that is what the
1349:ch, ng, qu, sh, th
1322:Australian English
266:ch, ng, qu, sh, th
110:
2337:
2336:
724:was resurrected:
598:echo-echo-echoing
542:, which would be
515:, which would be
158:vowel audio chart
98:
97:
2362:
2293:English dialects
1977:Mauritian Creole
1730:Franco-Provençal
1700:Emilian-Romagnol
1484:
1477:
1470:
1461:
1454:
1452:
1443:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1399:
1392:Eyjafjallajökull
1336:
1332:
1308:
1285:
1278:
1271:
1264:
1241:
1189:
1182:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1117:
1106:
1096:
1085:
1072:
1057:
1045:
1038:
1002:
991:
984:
977:
951:
944:
937:
929:
925:
918:
915:This is written
903:
899:
891:
872:
853:
834:. Likewise, the
833:
829:
804:
781:
770:
763:
756:
749:
745:
744:
727:
685:
678:
670:
654:
642:
638:
619:
615:
604:) and after the
581:
563:
554:
541:
537:
527:
514:
510:
500:
492:
482:
469:
465:
455:
441:
438:are transcribed
425:
421:
413:
405:
397:
389:
263:
259:
230:sound as in the
225:
213:
201:
197:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
150:a, e, i, o, u, y
90:
83:
43:information page
36:
35:
29:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2307:
2276:
2097:Scottish Gaelic
1526:Modern Standard
1494:
1488:
1458:
1457:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1357:
1341:in parentheses.
1062:comes before a
964:
958:
742:
741:
692:
290:
285:
279:
188:, respectively.
106:pseudo-keyboard
94:
93:
86:
79:
75:
67:
66:
33:
27:
22:
21:
20:
12:
11:
5:
2368:
2366:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2342:
2341:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2102:Serbo-Croatian
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1785:Haitian Creole
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1489:
1487:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1464:
1456:
1455:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1395:is pronounced
1376:
1375:
1368:
1363:represent the
1356:
1353:
1351:are not used.
1345:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1329:is written as
1287:
1243:
1227:already has a
1191:
1161:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1102:
1074:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1011:, and Swedish
957:
954:
691:
688:
592:in words like
565:
564:
547:
520:
493:
475:
386:is pronounced
373:
372:
361:
349:
337:
317:
289:
286:
278:
275:
274:
273:
189:
96:
95:
92:
91:
84:
76:
71:
68:
48:
47:
39:
37:
25:
23:
15:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2367:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2017:Northern Thai
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1927:Luxembourgish
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1492:
1485:
1480:
1478:
1473:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1448:
1442:
1439:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1404:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1381:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1360:
1352:
1350:
1340:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1310:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1149:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1110:
1103:
1100:
1093:
1089:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1066:, such as in
1065:
1061:
1053:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1006:
998:
994:
993:
988:
981:
973:
969:
968:
967:
963:
955:
953:
948:
941:
933:
922:
914:
910:
905:
895:
888:
884:
880:
876:
869:
865:
861:
857:
849:
845:
841:
837:
825:
821:
820:
815:
811:
806:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
778:
774:
767:
760:
753:
739:
735:
734:pet, pit, put
731:
723:
722:
717:
713:
709:
705:
700:
695:
689:
687:
682:
674:
666:
662:
658:
650:
646:
635:) is written
634:
630:
626:
621:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
586:
585:
578:to write the
577:
573:
569:
560:
558:
551:
548:
545:
534:
532:
524:
521:
518:
507:
505:
497:
494:
489:
487:
479:
476:
473:
462:
460:
452:
449:
448:
447:
445:
437:
433:
429:
417:
409:
401:
393:
385:
380:
378:
371:
369:
365:
362:
360:
358:
353:
350:
348:
346:
341:
338:
336:
334:
330:
325:
321:
318:
316:
314:
309:
307:
302:
299:
298:
297:
295:
287:
284:
276:
271:
267:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
238:
233:
229:
221:
217:
209:
205:
193:
190:
167:
166:A, E, I, O, U
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
144:uses 6 vowel
143:
139:
136:
135:
134:
132:
128:
123:
121:
120:
115:
107:
102:
89:
85:
82:
78:
77:
74:
69:
64:
60:
56:
53:, nor one of
52:
49:It is not an
46:
44:
38:
31:
30:
19:
2323:
2247:West Frisian
1715:Extremaduran
1446:
1441:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1390:
1384:
1377:
1358:
1348:
1346:
1338:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1184:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1154:
1147:
1138:
1132:
1123:
1112:
1108:
1091:
1087:
1077:
1076:The digraph
1067:
1063:
1059:
1051:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1012:
1008:
1004:
996:
986:
979:
971:
965:
946:
939:
931:
920:
912:
906:
893:
886:
882:
878:
874:
867:
863:
859:
855:
847:
843:
839:
835:
830:in the IPA:
823:
817:
813:
809:
807:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
776:
772:
765:
758:
751:
737:
733:
729:
719:
711:
707:
703:
698:
696:
693:
690:Short vowels
680:
672:
664:
660:
656:
648:
644:
632:
628:
624:
622:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
587:
583:
575:
571:
567:
566:
556:
555:
549:
543:
530:
528:
522:
516:
503:
501:
495:
485:
483:
477:
471:
458:
456:
450:
435:
431:
430:sound, thus
427:
415:
407:
399:
391:
383:
381:
376:
374:
367:
366:
363:
356:
354:
351:
344:
342:
339:
332:
328:
326:
323:
319:
312:
311:
305:
303:
300:
291:
265:
253:
249:
245:
241:
235:
231:
227:
219:
215:
207:
203:
191:
165:
153:
149:
145:
137:
124:
117:
113:
111:
40:
2281:Comparisons
2047:Piedmontese
1972:Marshallese
1775:Greenlandic
1693:Old English
1573:Azerbaijani
1257:adding the
1208:Tchaikovsky
960:Main page:
716:Old English
667:is written
584:read, reed.
288:Long vowels
281:Main page:
234:in English
162:long vowels
142:orthography
112:This is an
41:This is an
2344:Categories
2232:Vietnamese
2057:Portuguese
2007:Neapolitan
1932:Macedonian
1917:Lithuanian
1825:Indonesian
1583:Belarusian
1408:, meaning
1331:/ˈɡɪlfərd/
1284:/ˈdʒiːzəs/
956:Consonants
732:sounds of
704:a e i o u.
620:captures.
237:hallelujah
192:Consonants
140:: English
2212:Ukrainian
2092:Sardinian
2022:Norwegian
1992:Mirandese
1987:Mongolian
1947:Malayalam
1830:Inuktitut
1815:Icelandic
1810:Hungarian
1763:Colognian
1758:Alemannic
1705:Esperanto
1636:Cantonese
1603:Bulgarian
1508:Afrikaans
1387:phonology
1372:phonology
1365:phonetics
1335:/ˈɡɪlfəd/
1327:Guildford
1211:but also
1056:/ˈfɪŋɡər/
1024:sound of
1007:, German
850:(just as
838:sound of
812:sound in
786:vowel of
775:sound of
710:sound of
699:a e i o u
659:sound of
631:(but not
627:sound in
610:cooperate
218:never of
206:never of
73:Shortcuts
59:consensus
2227:Venetian
2197:Tigrinya
2112:Sicilian
2087:Sanskrit
2072:Romanian
1937:Malagasy
1912:Ligurian
1862:Japanese
1790:Hawaiian
1780:Gujarati
1753:Standard
1745:Georgian
1740:Galician
1710:Estonian
1663:Corsican
1631:Mandarin
1627:Chinese
1616:Standard
1612:Catalan
1563:Asturian
1558:Assamese
1553:Armenian
1546:Tunisian
1541:Lebanese
1531:Egyptian
1513:Albanian
1277:/ˈdʒʌdʒ/
1270:/ˈdʒʌmp/
1188:/ˈvɪʒən/
1107:for the
1086:for the
1039:, as in
990:/ˈjɛloʊ/
978:, as in
943:/ˈbʌtər/
924:/ˈsoʊfə/
18:Help:IPA
2319:Symbols
2257:Yiddish
2237:Walloon
2207:Turkmen
2202:Turkish
2192:Tibetan
2162:Tai Lue
2157:Tagalog
2152:Sylheti
2147:Swedish
2137:Swahili
2132:Spanish
2127:Sorbian
2122:Slovene
2082:Russian
2077:Romansh
2067:Quechua
2062:Punjabi
2042:Persian
2027:Occitan
1997:Nahuatl
1967:Marathi
1952:Maltese
1922:Lombard
1907:Latvian
1882:Kurdish
1855:Central
1850:Italian
1835:Inupiaq
1749:German
1725:Finnish
1688:English
1641:Hokkien
1621:Insular
1608:Burmese
1588:Bengali
1522:Arabic
1518:Amharic
1427:glacier
1419:glacier
1380:precise
1173:vision.
1158:/ˈʃɛlf/
1126:sounds)
1116:/ˈðoʊz/
1071:/ˈsɪŋk/
1054:sound:
1048:finger,
1015:sound.)
950:/ˈkʌpə/
934:we use
798:, e.g.
718:letter
594:echoing
582:sound:
442:. (See
146:letters
127:letters
63:vetting
2267:Zhuang
2262:Yoruba
2182:Telugu
2117:Slovak
2052:Polish
2037:Pashto
2012:Nepali
2002:Navajo
1892:Lakota
1887:Kyrgyz
1877:Korean
1867:Kazakh
1795:Hebrew
1735:French
1720:Fijian
1673:Danish
1598:Breton
1593:Berber
1578:Basque
1536:Hejazi
1503:Adyghe
1255:judge,
1240:/ˈɪtʃ/
1185:vision
1171:as in
1151:/ˈpʊʃ/
1095:/ˈθɪk/
1044:/ˈsɪŋ/
987:yellow
983:/ˈjɛs/
940:butter
902:/bɜrd/
832:/brɑː/
782:. The
728:. The
684:/dʒɔɪ/
675:sound
651:sound
641:/fuːd/
596:(say:
562:/juːz/
540:/daʊt/
536:/doʊt/
513:/reɪs/
509:/raɪs/
491:/siːm/
468:/raɪk/
464:/reɪk/
414:, and
331:t, del
277:Vowels
184:, and
154:sounds
138:Vowels
88:H:IPAI
81:H:IIPA
2252:Xhosa
2242:Welsh
2222:Uzbek
2177:Tatar
2172:Tamil
2167:Tajik
2142:Swazi
1982:Mayan
1962:Māori
1942:Malay
1902:Latin
1872:Khmer
1840:Irish
1805:Hmong
1800:Hindi
1770:Greek
1683:Dutch
1668:Czech
1656:Xiang
1433:Notes
1291:trill
1281:Jesus
1279:, or
1274:judge
1213:catch
1201:plus
1155:shelf
1137:long
1113:those
1099:theta
1092:thick
947:cuppa
913:sofa.
909:schwa
890:/mɒp/
871:/lɔː/
803:/kʌt/
780:/ɡʊd/
769:/pʊt/
762:/pɪt/
755:/pɛt/
748:/ɛɪʊ/
743:E I U
736:(not
730:e i u
726:/kæt/
661:doubt
568:Notes
553:/juː/
544:doubt
538:(not
511:(not
472:reich
466:(not
444:below
440:/juː/
420:/juː/
392:E, EE
246:chair
186:/juː/
16:<
2272:Zulu
2217:Urdu
2187:Thai
2107:Shan
2032:Odia
1957:Manx
1845:Isan
1820:Igbo
1678:Dari
1493:keys
1451:/eɪ/
1320:and
1267:jump
1263:/dʒ/
1237:itch
1153:and
1148:push
1068:sink
1041:sing
1026:sing
1020:The
985:and
932:cut,
921:sofa
898:/ɛ/]
894:bird
879:mop.
828:/ɑː/
808:The
788:putt
777:good
738:putt
714:the
712:cat,
681:joy,
677:/ɔɪ/
669:/aʊ/
637:/uː/
633:good
629:food
618:/oʊ/
580:/iː/
526:/oʊ/
517:race
499:/aɪ/
481:/iː/
454:/eɪ/
434:and
412:/oʊ/
404:/aɪ/
396:/iː/
388:/eɪ/
315:ngel
262:/dʒ/
260:and
258:/tʃ/
254:jump
248:and
220:rose
210:and
208:gem,
204:get,
182:/oʊ/
178:/aɪ/
174:/iː/
170:/eɪ/
61:and
1897:Lao
1646:Jin
1307:/r/
1219:to
1181:/ʒ/
1169:si,
1144:/ʃ/
1120:eth
1111:in
1105:/ð/
1090:in
1084:/θ/
1037:/ŋ/
1001:/y/
980:yes
976:/j/
974:is
936:/ʌ/
928:/ə/
917:/ə/
887:mop
883:bra
877:of
868:law
852:/ɛ/
844:bra
840:law
814:bra
800:cut
792:cut
790:or
766:put
759:pit
752:pet
679:of
665:cow
663:or
653:/j/
645:use
614:/ʊ/
608:in
606:co-
574:or
436:ewe
432:you
424:/j/
418:is
410:is
402:is
394:is
324:EE:
322:or
252:in
244:in
224:/j/
216:so,
212:/s/
200:/ɡ/
164:",
119:IPA
2346::
1651:Wu
1425:(
1417:(
1299:r,
1272:,
1265::
1225:ch
1221:ch
1203:SH
1195:CH
1183::
1179:,
1165:ZH
1133:SH
1124:th
1109:th
1088:th
1078:TH
1034:g,
1022:NG
992:.
952:.
945:,
938::
904:.
866:ː
836:aw
824:a.
773:oo
764:,
757:,
750::
686:.
673:OY
657:OW
639::
625:OO
576:ee
572:ea
559:se
550:U:
533:te
523:O:
506:ce
496:I:
486:ee
478:E:
461:ke
451:A:
406:,
398:,
390:,
370:se
364:U:
359:te
352:O:
347:ce
340:I:
335:te
329:ee
310:,
308:ke
301:A:
242:ch
180:,
176:,
172:,
1483:e
1476:t
1469:v
1339:r
1303:R
1295:R
1286:.
1259:d
1251:d
1247:J
1242:.
1233:S
1229:t
1217:t
1199:T
1190:.
1177:Z
1160:.
1139:S
1101:)
1073:.
1064:k
1060:n
1052:g
1030:n
1013:y
1009:ü
1005:u
997:J
972:Y
875:o
864:o
860:o
856:e
848:o
819:α
810:a
796:v
784:u
721:æ
708:a
649:y
590:O
557:u
546:)
531:o
529:d
519:)
504:i
502:r
488:m
484:s
474:)
459:a
457:r
428:Y
416:U
408:O
400:I
384:A
368:u
357:o
355:n
345:i
343:r
333:e
327:m
320:E
313:a
306:a
304:m
272:.
250:j
232:j
228:y
148:(
116:(
65:.
45:.
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