330:. Female receptivity and male–male competition were studied in a laboratory population to find male-male competition to be the dominant factor in pair formation and female receptiveness to vary in the presence of males. This competition can be seen in reproductive outcomes, as larger males were more likely to breed more frequently and able to remove a female mate from a smaller male crab. Less dominantly, female control over receptivity in relation to male presence could influence the outcome of sexual selection during the breeding period. It has also been shown that during development the embryos begin to form
312:(claws) are typically short, but can be large in males. These crabs are primarily grey, but have two basic color and size types for patch markings: pale and dark. The pale form has large pale to dark red patches, while the dark form has smaller dark purple to blue-black patches. In both forms the color of the dorsal carapace tends to be darker toward the front, fading and becoming more sparse toward the back, while the underside of the crab is white. The legs and claws are white with red to purple pigmentation to the same degree and hue as the carapace.
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have both male and female sexes. Males are distinguished by their visible bulges of white muscle protruding the joint of the nippers, as females lack these bulges. Females carry eggs throughout the southern hemisphere winter months (April to
September) and are able to carry up to 26,000 eggs, which
361:
has been shown to have 15 social and 12 maintenance behaviors. Social behaviors are used to defend food, space, and mates. Pairs of equal-sized crabs behave more aggressively than pairs of unequal-sized crabs. Resident crabs defend their space against invasion by non-resident crabs.
275:
However, problems with its generic definition incited studies to be done comparing the crab to three other crab genera: Brachynotus, Heterograpsus, Hemigrapsus. These issues were resolved and the species of New
Zealand crab was found to belong in Hemigrapsus and should be known as
382:
replaces it in the north. They are found on relatively sheltered, rocky, and muddy shores from high tide level to around mid-tide level. They have been known to feed on sea snails, breaking through their hard shells with its chela, and also drift algae.
375:
inhabits the rocky shore intertidal zone of the New
Zealand coast. This crab has been identified throughout the length of New Zealand, but found more abundantly on the southern shores because the species
673:
Brockerhoff, A.M.; McLay, C.L. (2005). "Factors influencing the onset and duration of receptivity of female purple rock crabs, Hemigrapsus sexdentatus (H. Milne
Edwards, 1837) (Brachyura: Grapsidae)".
702:"Ontogeny of osmoregulation in embryos of intertidal crabs (Hemigrapsus sexdentatus and H. crenulatus, Grapsidae, Brachyura): putative involvement of the embryonic dorsal organ"
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behavior has strong tidal rhythmicity, with two peaks every 25 hours. They are most active when the tide is in and remains quiescent. Direct social and maintenance behaviors of
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are very agile and rapidly moving, but are relatively easy to handle. They are found emerging from crevices or under boulders typically at night to find prey.
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McLay, C.L.; Schubart, C.D. (2004). "On the correct name for
Hemigrapsus edwardsii (Hilgendorf, 1882) (Brachyura: Varunidae) from New Zealand".
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634:"Mating behaviour, female receptivity and male–male competition in the intertidal crab Hemigrapsus sexdentatus (Brachyura: Grapsidae)"
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females can grow to widths around 45 millimeters (1.8 inches) and males to 55 millimeters (2.2 inches). Located in the phylum
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average in size at 0.35 nm. Multiple studies have investigated the reproductive behavior of
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300:, this species displays the typical Crustacea characteristics, but has unique qualities.
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Bennett, E.W. (1964). "The Marine Fauna of New
Zealand: Crustacea Brachyura".
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has relatively few fish predators, but has been found in the stomachs of
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New
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Leigh
Laboratory Bulletin Zoology Department University of Canterbury
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functions from the earliest embryonic stages of these crustaceans.
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s have not been studied in depth, however the closely related
477:(Hilgendorf, 1882) (Brachyura: Varunidae) from New Zealand"
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National
Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research
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675:Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
435:Coastal Crabs: A Guide to the Crabs of New Zealand
471:McLay, C. L.; Schubart, C. D. (20 March 2004).
432:Wilkens, Serena L.; Ahyong, Shane T. (2015).
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553:McLay, C.L. (1988). "Crabs of New Zealand".
308:(shell) with two teeth on either side. The
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407:have also been found to prey on this crab.
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271:s was previously referred to by the name
632:Brockerhoff, A.M.; McLay, C.L. (2005).
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414:Muscle bulge on claw of male rock crab
246:indigenous to the southern shores of
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891:01e9fc8d-a651-43db-bf6c-fa8a82f287d6
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452:from the original on 19 January 2020
515:from the original on 11 August 2017
700:Deepani, S.; Taylor, H.H. (2006).
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981:Taxa named by Henri Milne-Edwards
971:Marine crustaceans of New Zealand
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706:Journal of Experimental Biology
250:. This crab is a member of the
638:Marine Ecology Progress Series
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976:Crustaceans described in 1837
317:Reproduction and Development
687:10.1016/j.jembe.2004.08.018
589:10.1080/0022293021000058998
498:10.1080/0022293021000058998
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577:Journal of Natural History
485:Journal of Natural History
304:have a distinctive square
473:"On the correct name for
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52:Scientific classification
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802:Hemigrapsus sexdentatus
772:Hemigrapsus sexdentatus
232:Hemigrapsus sexdentatus
181:Hemigrapsus sexdentatus
36:Hemigrapsus sexdentatus
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273:Hemigrapsus edwardsii.
475:Hemigrapsus edwardsii
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219:Hemigrapsus edwardsii
254:family in the order
207:Hemigrapsus edwardsi
18:Hemigrapsus edwardsi
650:2005MEPS..290..179B
234:, also called the “
163:H. sexdentatus
659:10.3354/meps290179
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240:common shore crab,
222:(Hilgendorf, 1882)
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912:Open Tree of Life
764:Taxon identifiers
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445:. p. 17.
441:(1 ed.).
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379:O. truncatus
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125:Infraorder:
99:Malacostraca
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925:SeaLifeBase
850:iNaturalist
796:Wikispecies
644:: 171–191.
401:Cephalopods
284:Description
248:New Zealand
244:marine crab
150:Hemigrapsus
119:Pleocyemata
966:Grapsoidea
960:Categories
753:SeaFriends
561:: 280–285.
419:References
294:Arthropoda
212:Hilgendorf
115:Suborder:
89:Arthropoda
397:sea perch
298:Crustacea
252:Varunidae
157:Species:
139:Varunidae
129:Brachyura
75:Kingdom:
69:Eukaryota
868:10442131
787:Q5711622
781:Wikidata
736:14277347
728:16574807
618:: 1–120.
597:85420003
510:Archived
506:85420003
447:Archived
358:H. nudus
339:Behavior
306:carapace
256:Decapoda
198:Synonyms
135:Family:
109:Decapoda
85:Phylum:
79:Animalia
65:Domain:
842:4644678
646:Bibcode
393:red cod
367:Ecology
263:History
242:” is a
214:, 1882)
191:, 1837)
145:Genus:
105:Order:
95:Class:
943:444780
930:139607
917:793518
904:444780
888:NZOR:
881:538205
855:410820
816:198940
734:
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519:16 May
504:
456:16 May
238:” or “
938:WoRMS
863:IRMNG
829:6LPBV
732:S2CID
593:S2CID
513:(PDF)
502:S2CID
480:(PDF)
450:(PDF)
439:(PDF)
310:chela
899:OBIS
876:NCBI
837:GBIF
811:BOLD
724:PMID
521:2020
458:2020
405:zoea
403:and
395:and
824:CoL
714:doi
710:209
683:doi
679:314
654:doi
642:290
616:153
585:doi
494:doi
389:rig
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
