229:, an examination of such scales helped determine the relevance, practical aspects and clinimetric properties of three specific scales existing today for lateropulsion. The three scales examined were the Clinical Scale of Contraversive Pushing, Modified Scale of Contraversive Pushing, and the Burke Lateropulsion Scale. The results of the study show that reliability for each scale is good; moreover, the Scale of Contraversive Pushing was determined to have acceptable clinimetric properties, and the other two scales addressed more functional positions that will help therapists with clinical decisions and research.
677:. The disability component assesses any changes in physical function including gross motor function and walking ability. The disability inventory can have a maximum score of 100 with 70 from the gross motor index and 30 from the walking index. Each task in this inventory has a maximum score of seven except for the 2 minute walk test which is out of two. The impairment component of the test evaluates the upper and lower extremities, postural control and pain. The impairment inventory focuses on the seven stages of recovery from stroke from
730:(MT) has also been used early in stroke rehabilitation and involves using the unaffected limb to stimulate motor function of the hemiparetic limb. Results from a study on patients with severe hemiparesis concluded that MT was successful in improving motor and sensory function of the distal hemiparetic upper limb. Active participation is critical to the motor learning and recovery process, therefore it's important to keep these individuals motivated so they can make continual improvements.
694:
movement part of the assessment is measured using a 3-point ordinal scale (unable to perform, partial performance, and complete performance) and the mobility part of the assessment uses a 4-point ordinal scale (unable, partial, complete with aid, complete no aid). The maximum score one can receive on the STREAM is a 70 (20 for each limb score and 30 for mobility score). The higher the score, the better movement and mobility is available for the individual being scored.
160:
patient’s use of the nonparetic extremities including abduction and extension of the extremities of the non-affected side, to help in the push toward the affected (paretic) side, resulting in an abnormal lateral tilt of the body axis. The third is that, when a care provider tries to realign the patient’s body to an upright posture, the patient spontaneously pushes back against the attempt, feeling this normal posture to be off balance.
820:. Supportive devices, such as braces or slings, can be used to help prevent or treat shoulder subluxation in the hopes to minimize disability and pain. Although many individuals with stroke experience both shoulder pain and shoulder subluxation, the two are mutually exclusive. A treatment method that can be implemented with the goal of helping to regain motor function in the affected limb is
192:, and the two terms are sometimes (incorrectly) used interchangeably. Some older theories suggested that hemispatial neglect is what leads to pusher syndrome. However, hemispatial neglect occurs mostly when there is a right-hemisphere lesion, and one study found that pusher syndrome is also present in patients with left hemisphere lesions (which generally also lead to
930:, the protagonist Mikazuki Augus is paralyzed in the entire right half of his body after a fierce battle with the Mobile Armor Hashmal. In order to defeat the Mobile Armor, he was forced to deactivate the safety limiter on his Gundam's neural interface and overloading the connection between him and the Mobile Suit for the necessary power.
836:
therapists actually make the splint; others may measure your child's hand and order a splint. OTs educate patients and family on compensatory techniques to continue participating in daily living, fostering independence for the individual - which may include, environmental modification, use of adaptive equipment, sensory integration, etc.
768:
of botulinum toxin A is to maintain the range of motion of affected joints and to prevent the occurrence of fixed joint contractures or stiffness. A randomized trial pointed out that individualized homeopathic medication in addition to the standard physiotherapy might have some effect in post-stroke hemiparesis.
219:
Individuals who present with pusher syndrome or lateropulsion, as defined by Davies, vary in their degree and severity of this condition and therefore appropriate measures need to be implemented in order to evaluate the level of "pushing". There has been a shift towards early diagnosis and evaluation
184:
seems to be normal. When they are sitting, the pushing presents as a strong lateral lean toward the affected side. When they stand up, the pushing creates a highly unstable situation as they are unable to support their body weight on the weakened lower extremity. The resulting increased risk of falls
123:
People with hemiparesis often have difficulties maintaining their balance due to limb paralysis, leading to an inability to properly shift body weight. This makes performing everyday activities, such as dressing, eating, grasping objects, or using the bathroom, more difficult. Hemiparesis with origin
767:
A is used to treat spasticity that is associated with hemiparesis both in cerebral palsy children and stroke in adults. It can be injected into a muscle or more commonly muscle groups of the upper or lower extremities. Botulinum toxin A induces temporary muscle paralysis or relaxation. The main goal
206:
strategies that reduce its ill effects, such as the use of verbal cues, consistent feedback, and practice correcting orientation and shifting weight, for example sitting with their stronger side next to a wall and repeatedly leaning towards the wall, thus gradually re-training the brain to recognize
835:
may specifically help with hemiplegia with tasks such as improving hand function, strengthening hand, shoulder and torso, and participating in activities of daily living (ADLs), such as eating and dressing. Therapists may also recommend a hand splint for active use or for stretching at night. Some
210:
A physical-therapy approach for patients with pusher syndrome debuted in 2003 suggests that the visual control of vertical upright orientation, which is undisturbed in these patients, is the most important intervention. In sequential order, treatment is designed to enable patients to realize their
159:
A diagnosis of pusher syndrome includes observation of three behaviours. The most obvious one is the patient’s regularly occurring (not just occasional) tendency to spontaneously hold a body posture in which the torso is longitudinally tilted toward the paretic side of the body. The second is the
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Hemiplegia is not a progressive disorder, except in progressive conditions like a growing brain tumour. Once the injury has occurred, the symptoms should not worsen. However, because of lack of mobility, other complications can occur. Complications may include muscle and joint stiffness, loss of
601:
Hemiplegia patients usually show a characteristic gait. The leg on the affected side is extended and internally rotated and is swung in a wide, lateral arc rather than lifted in order to move it forward. The upper limb on the same side is also adducted at the shoulder, flexed at the elbow, and
224:
and presenting with pusher syndrome in order to decrease the time spent as an in-patient at hospitals and promote the return to function as early as possible. Moreover, in order to assist therapists in the classification of pusher syndrome, specific scales have been developed with validity that
114:
Different types of hemiparesis can impair different bodily functions. Some effects, such as weaknesss or partial paralysis of a limb on the affected side, are generally always to be expected. Other impairments can appear, upon external examination, to be unrelated to the limb weakness, but are
865:
Sudden recovery from hemiplegia is very rare. Many of the individuals will have limited recovery, but the majority will improve from intensive, specialised rehabilitation. Potential to progress may differ in cerebral palsy, compared to adult acquired brain injury. It is vital to integrate the
844:
Orthotic devices are one type of intervention for relieving symptoms of hemiparesis. Commonly called braces, orthotics range from 'off the shelf' to custom fabricated solutions, but their main goal is alike, to supplement diminished or missing muscle function and joint laxity. A wide range of
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play a large role in assisting these patients in their recovery. Treatment is focused on improving sensation and motor abilities, allowing the patient to better manage their activities of daily living. Some strategies used for treatment include promoting the use of the hemiparetic limb during
693:
The STREAM consists of 30 test items involving upper-limb movements, lower-limb movements, and basic mobility items. It is a clinical measure of voluntary movements and general mobility (rolling, bridging, sit-to-stand, standing, stepping, walking and stairs) following a stroke. The voluntary
1416:
Sleep paralysis, parasomnia, sleep apnea, sleep eat, parasomnias, paresthesias, dysesthesias, obstructive sleep apnea, REM, Stage 1, Sinemet narcolepsy, insomnia, cataplexy, benzodiazepines, opioids, sleepiness, sleep walking, daytime sleepiness, upper airway, CPAP, hypoxemia, UVVP, uvula,
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and relieve joint contractures. Individuals who are unable to swallow may have a tube inserted into the stomach. This allows food to be given directly into the stomach. The food is in liquid form and instilled at low rates. Some individuals with hemiplegia will benefit from some type of
816:(PT) can help improve muscle strength & coordination, mobility (such as standing and walking), and other physical function using different sensorimotor techniques. Physiotherapists can also help reduce shoulder pain by maintaining shoulder range of motion, as well as using
128:, a loss of both gross and fine motor skills, which often manifests as a staggering and stumbling gait. Pure motor hemiparesis, a form of hemiparesis characterized by one-sided weakness in the leg, arm, and face, is the most commonly diagnosed form of hemiparesis.
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in relation to gravity has been altered. They experience their body as oriented "upright" when the body is actually tilted to the side of the brain lesion. At the same time, their processing of visual and vestibular inputs when determining the
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657:. A lower score in each component of the test indicates higher impairment and a lower functional level for that area. The maximum score for each component is 66 for the upper extremities, 34 for the lower extremities, and 14 for balance
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Pedersen PM, Wandel A, Jørgensen HS, Nakayama H, Raaschou HO, Olsen TS (January 1996). "Ipsilateral pushing in stroke: incidence, relation to neuropsychological symptoms, and impact on rehabilitation. The
Copenhagen Stroke Study".
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patients, who typically prefer to bear more weight on their nonhemiparetic side. Pusher syndrome can vary in severity and leads to a loss of postural balance. The lesion involved in this syndrome is thought to be in the posterior
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for use in the ongoing evaluation of the status of a patient's hemiplegia. The use of standardized assessment scales may help physiotherapists and other health care professionals during the course of their treatment plant to:
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brain. The authors hypothesize that brain reorganization after the initial injury led to more reliance on uncrossed motor pathways, and when these compensatory pathways were damaged by a second stroke, motor function worsened
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It measures sensory and motor impairment of the upper and lower extremities, balance in several positions, range of motion, and pain. This test is a reliable and valid measure in measuring post-stroke impairments related to
211:
altered perception of vertical, use visual aids for feedback about body orientation, learn the movements necessary to reach proper vertical position, and maintain vertical body position while performing other activities.
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Pusher syndrome is a clinical disorder following left- or right-sided brain damage, in which patients actively push their weight away from the non-hemiparetic side to the hemiparetic side. This is in contrast to most
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The pusher syndrome is present in 10.4% of patients with acute stroke and hemiparesis, and may increase the time needed for physical rehabilitation. The
Copenhagen Stroke Study found that patients who presented with
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orthotic treatment can be designed by a
Certified Orthotist (C.O.) or Certified Prosthetist Orthotist (C.P.O). Orthotics may be made of metal, plastic, or composite material (such as fiberglass, dyneema (
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Neglect and aphasia are not the cause of pusher syndrome, although both are highly correlated with it (possibly because the brain structures associated with these syndromes are close to each other).
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Gowland C, Stratford P, Ward M, Moreland J, Torresin W, Van
Hullenaar S, et al. (January 1993). "Measuring physical impairment and disability with the Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment".
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Babyar SR, Peterson MG, Bohannon R, Pérennou D, Reding M (July 2009). "Clinical examination tools for lateropulsion or pusher syndrome following stroke: a systematic review of the literature".
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Valach L, Signer S, Hartmeier A, Hofer K, Steck GC (June 2003). "Chedoke-McMaster stroke assessment and modified
Barthel Index self-assessment in patients with vascular brain damage".
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Rehabilitation is the main treatment of individuals with hemiplegia. In all cases, the major aim of rehabilitation is to regain maximum function and quality of life. Both physical and
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Somnoplasty, obesity, airway obstruction, EEG, electroencephalogram, Klonopine, night terrors, bruxism, parasomnias, EMG, Epworth
Sleepiness Scale, BiPAP, sleep efficiency
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or those who smoke have a higher chance of developing a stroke. Weakness on one side of the face may occur and may be due to a viral infection, stroke or a cancer.
743:. Muscles with severe motor impairment including weakness need these therapists to assist them with specific exercise, and are likely to require help to do this.
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of one entire side of the body. Either hemiparesis or hemiplegia can result from a variety of medical causes, including congenital conditions, trauma, tumors,
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of the brain should be used to confirm injury in the brain and spinal cord, but alone cannot be used to identify movement disorders. Individuals who develop
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A case report describes a patient with a congenitally uncrossed pyramidal tract, who developed right-sided hemiparesis after a hemorrhage in the right brain.
1523:, Yamaguchi T (2007). "Deterioration of hemiparesis after recurrent stroke in the unaffected hemisphere: Three further cases with possible interpretation".
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Create appropriate short- and long-term goals for treatment based on the outcome of the scales, their professional expertise and the desires of the patient
2759:
2256:"Botulinum Toxin A Injection in Treatment of Upper Limb Spasticity in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials"
2456:
Price CI, Pandyan AD (February 2001). "Electrical stimulation for preventing and treating post-stroke shoulder pain: a systematic
Cochrane review".
926:
1768:
2186:
Patten C, Lexell J, Brown HE (May 2004). "Weakness and strength training in persons with poststroke hemiplegia: rationale, method, and efficacy".
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could be used as a relaxant. Drugs are also given to individuals who have recurrent seizures, which may be a separate but related problem after
1616:
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Zorowitz RD, Hughes MB, Idank D, Ikai T, Johnston MV (March 1996). "Shoulder pain and subluxation after stroke: correlation or coincidence?".
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Karnath HO, Ferber S, Dichgans J (November 2000). "The origin of contraversive pushing: evidence for a second graviceptive system in humans".
994:
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hemiplegic child into society and encourage them in their daily living activities. With time, some individuals may make remarkable progress.
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Treatment for hemiparesis is the same treatment given to those recovering from strokes or brain injuries. Health care professionals such as
712:
415:
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Lagerqvist, J.; Skargren, E. (2006). "Pusher syndrome: reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change of a classification instrument".
1714:"Fugl-Meyer assessment of sensorimotor function after stroke: standardized training procedure for clinical practice and clinical trials"
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device. There are many types of braces and splints available to stabilize a joint, assist with walking and keep the upper body erect.
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to normal motor functioning. A training workshop is recommended if the measure is being utilized for the purpose of data collection.
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The incidence of hemiplegia is much higher in premature babies than term babies. There is also a high incidence of hemiplegia during
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Sterr A, Freivogel S (September 2003). "Motor-improvement following intensive training in low-functioning chronic hemiparesis".
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265:. A permanent brain injury that occurs during the intrauterine life, during delivery or early in life can lead to hemiplegic
543:(weakness on the opposite side as the injury). Injuries at the lower medulla, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves result in
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824:. This consists of constraining the unaffected limb, forcing the affected limb to accomplish tasks of daily living.
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that control each muscle. In addition to this main pathway, there are smaller contributing pathways (including the
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Dutta, Abhijit; Singh, Subhas; Saha, Subhranil; Rath, Prasanta; Sehrawat, Nisha; Singh, Navin Kumar (2022-08-29).
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917:), developed in part due to the distinct speech patterns of her mother, caused by her hemiplegia due to a stroke.
615:
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2354:"Efficacy of individualized homeopathic medicines in treatment of post-stroke hemiparesis: A randomized trial"
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Steps to follow: A guide to the treatment of adult hemiplegia : Based on the concept of K. and B. Bobath
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Evaluate the potential burden of care and monitor any changes based on either improving or declining scores
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brain injury subsequently experienced worsening of their hemiparesis when hit with a second stroke in the
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that results in hemiplegia occurs in the brain or spinal cord, hemiplegic muscles display features of the
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103:
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Wittenberg GF, Schaechter JD (December 2009). "The neural basis of constraint-induced movement therapy".
1480:"Ipsilateral hemiparesis caused by a corona radiata infarct after a previous stroke on the opposite side"
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pushing took an average of 3.6 additional weeks to reach the same functional outcome, as measured by the
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or some event which causes brain injury. There is tentative evidence of an association with undiagnosed
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must be addressed with therapy aimed at correcting their altered proprioceptive perception of vertical.
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1431:"Deterioration of pre-existing hemiparesis brought about by subsequent ipsilateral lacunar infarction"
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coincides with the criteria set out by Davies' definition of "pusher syndrome". In a study by Babyar
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241:. Strokes can cause a variety of movement disorders, depending on the location and severity of the
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2305:"Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy"
1379:"What is hemiplegia? | HemiHelp: for children and young people with hemiplegia (hemiparesis)"
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448:: local anaesthetic injections given intra-arterially rapidly, instead of given in a nerve branch.
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172:, compared with acute-stroke and hemiparesis patients who did not engage in ipsilateral pushing.
60:
31:
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Shapiro M, Blanco DA (February 2017). "Neurological
Complications of Gastrointestinal Disease".
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This test is a reliable measure of two separate components evaluating both motor impairment and
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Sullivan KJ, Tilson JK, Cen SY, Rose DK, Hershberg J, Correa A, et al. (February 2011).
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1890:"Reliability of scores on the Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement (STREAM) measure"
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Prioritize treatment interventions based on specific identifiable motor and sensory deficits
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pronated at the wrist with the thumb tucked into the palm and the fingers curled around it.
511:
2409:"Treatment interventions for the paretic upper limb of stroke survivors: a critical review"
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Because of this anatomy, injuries to the pyramidal tract above the medulla generally cause
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2501:"Supportive devices for preventing and treating subluxation of the shoulder after stroke"
2103:"Mirror therapy promotes recovery from severe hemiparesis: a randomized controlled trial"
1429:
Ago T, Kitazono T, Ooboshi H, Takada J, Yoshiura T, Mihara F, et al. (August 2003).
751:
Drugs can be used to treat issues related to the Upper Motor Neuron
Syndrome. Drugs like
1665:"The post-stroke hemiplegic patient. 1. a method for evaluation of physical performance"
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Treatment should be based on assessment by the relevant health professionals, including
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2636:"Commonly Used Types and Recent Development of Ankle-Foot Orthosis: A Narrative Review"
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Knutson, Jayme S.; Fu, Michael J.; Sheffler, Lynne R.; Chae, John (November 26, 2015).
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849:,) carbon fiber; etc.) and design may be changed to address many different conditions.
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1568:"Ipsilateral hemiparesis after putaminal hemorrhage due to uncrossed pyramidal tract"
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Hemiplegia is identified by clinical examination by a health professional, such as a
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Also speech pathologists may work to increase function for people with hemiparesis.
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The FMA is often used as a measure of functional or physical impairment following a
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In a few cases, lesions above the medulla have resulted in ipsilateral hemiparesis:
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and experts believe that this may be related to either a traumatic delivery, use of
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885:, the character Adah is incorrectly diagnosed, in childhood, as having hemiplegia.
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2018:
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may undergo tests to determine where the focus of excess electrical activity is.
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2003:"Active range of motion predicts upper extremity function 3 months after stroke"
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Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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2739:"The Poisonwood Bible Barbara Kingsolver Study Guide, Lesson Plan & more"
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1969:
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Terakawa H, Abe K, Nakamura M, Okazaki T, Obashi J, Yanagihara T (May 2000).
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Pushing behaviour demonstrates that these patients’ perception of their body
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Farag SM, Mohammed MO, El-Sobky TA, ElKadery NA, ElZohiery AK (March 2020).
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Administration of the FMA should be done after reviewing a training manual.
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Some of the most commonly used scales in the assessment of hemiplegia are:
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1946:"Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation for Motor Restoration in Hemiplegia"
1915:
1814:
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1681:
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1221:
O'Sullivan S (2007). "Ch. 12: Stroke". In O'Sullivan S, Schmitz T (eds.).
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913:, the title character portrayed by Foster has developed her own language (
17:
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nevertheless also caused by damage to the affected side of the brain.
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Surgery may be used if the individual develops a secondary issue of
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Physical therapists treating patients with pusher syndrome focus on
2760:"HAERTS Announce Debut EP Hemiplegia, Out 9/17 on Columbia Records"
1753:
Sullivan SB (2007). "Stroke". In O'Sullivan SB, Schmitz TJ (eds.).
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There are a variety of standardized assessment scales available to
277:. Features other than weakness include decreased movement control,
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3252:
921:
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2149:
557:
In several reported cases, patients with hemiparesis from an old
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3022:
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2499:
Ada L, Foongchomcheay A, Canning C (January 2005). Ada L (ed.).
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Fugl-Meyer AR, Jääskö L, Leyman I, Olsson S, Steglind S (1975).
780:, from a severe imbalance of muscle activity. In such cases the
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2101:
Dohle C, Püllen J, Nakaten A, Küst J, Rietz C, Karbe H (2009).
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aerobic fitness, muscle spasms, bed sores, pressure ulcers and
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in the lower section of the brain creates a condition known as
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Blumetti FC, Belloti JC, Tamaoki MJ, Pinto JA (October 2019).
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will encourage overall function and use of the affected limb.
478:
1950:
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America
285:, exaggerated deep tendon reflexes and decreased endurance.
1225:(5th ed.). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis. pp. 705–769.
2407:
Barreca S, Wolf SL, Fasoli S, Bohannon R (December 2003).
1933:(5th ed.). Philadelphia PA: F.A. Davis. p. 736.
1110:"The neural representation of postural control in humans"
711:
functional tasks, maintaining range of motion, and using
471:, Neonatal-Onset Multisystem Inflammatory Disease (NOMID)
237:
The most common cause of hemiparesis and hemiplegia is
2001:
Beebe, Justin A.; Lang, Catherine E. (March 5, 2009).
1478:
Song YM, Lee JY, Park JM, Yoon BW, Roh JK (May 2005).
281:(a series of involuntary rapid muscle contractions),
2776:
1326:
Children's Hemiplegia and Stroke Association (CHASA)
533:), some portions of which do not cross the midline.
502:
Movement of the body is primarily controlled by the
220:
of functional status for individuals who have had a
3517:
3435:
3402:
3304:
3220:
3133:
3068:
2910:
2780:
245:. Hemiplegia is common when the stroke affects the
69:
59:
47:
42:
2188:Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development
1888:Daley K, Mayo N, Wood-Dauphinée S (January 1999).
1435:Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
1108:Karnath HO, Ferber S, Dichgans J (December 2000).
152:on either side, or in multiple areas of the right
88:, is the weakness of one entire side of the body (
2718:"Kingsolver, Barbara : The Poisonwood Bible"
1830:International Journal of Rehabilitation Research
1173:Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
2691:
2689:
1769:"Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery after"
1669:Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
805:can significantly improve the quality of life.
2634:Choo, Yoo Jin; Chang, Min Cheol (2021-08-13).
1026:"Understanding and treating "pusher syndrome""
639:Fugl-Meyer Assessment of sensorimotor function
2884:
525:, then travels down the spinal cord into the
307:Other causes of hemiplegia in adults include
8:
3638:Cerebral palsy and other paralytic syndromes
2558:The American Journal of Occupational Therapy
2167:American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
1864:"Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment Measure"
1757:(5th ed.). Philadelphia PA: F.A. Davis.
1619:. OriginsOfCerebralPalsy.com. Archived from
1165:
1163:
687:Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement
2505:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
2309:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
987:
985:
983:
981:
188:Pusher syndrome is sometimes confused with
98:, in its most severe form, is the complete
2891:
2877:
2869:
2777:
1617:"Spastic Hemiplegia : Cerebral Palsy"
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
506:, a pathway of neurons that begins in the
39:
2669:
2651:
2524:
2424:
2328:
2279:
2118:
2034:
1977:
1905:
1729:
1680:
1495:
1454:
1143:
1133:
1041:
927:Mobile Suit Gundam: Iron-Blooded Orphans
65:Loss of motor skills on one side of body
977:
518:, decussates (or cross midline) at the
27:Weakness of one entire side of the body
2150:Stroke in Physical Rehabilitation 2007
1024:Karnath HO, Broetz D (December 2003).
2413:Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair
2107:Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair
249:. Other causes of hemiplegia include
7:
1519:Yamamoto S, Takasawa M, Kajiyama K,
1405:"I was awake -- and could not move!"
719:and increase awareness of the limb.
713:neuromuscular electrical stimulation
323:. Individuals who have uncontrolled
300:and improvement after withdrawal of
822:constraint-induced movement therapy
724:constraint-induced movement therapy
3643:Symptoms and signs: Nervous system
2941:Festinating gait/Parkinsonian gait
992:Detailed article about hemiparesis
722:At the more advanced level, using
667:Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment
504:pyramidal (or corticospinal) tract
25:
818:Functional electrical stimulation
215:Classification of pusher syndrome
3535:Overpronation/Flexible flat feet
2720:. Litmed.med.nyu.edu. 2000-05-17
1929:O'sullivan S, Schmitz T (2007).
1866:. Rehab Measures. Archived from
1842:10.1097/00004356-200306000-00003
1771:. Rehab Measures. Archived from
2762:. broadwayworld.com. 2013-08-08
1345:Seminars in Pediatric Neurology
2699:. Healthopedia.com. 2009-04-06
2517:10.1002/14651858.CD003863.pub2
2321:10.1002/14651858.CD001408.pub2
763:. Intra-muscular injection of
441:vertebral compression fracture
1:
2370:10.1016/j.explore.2022.08.017
1185:10.1016/s0003-9993(96)90215-4
2986:Myopathic gait/Waddling gait
2697:"Hemiplegia (Hemiparalysis)"
2605:10.1097/WCO.0b013e3283320229
2593:Current Opinion in Neurology
2364:(2): S1550–8307(22)00160–4.
2019:10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.536763
1731:10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.592766
1210:. New York: Springer-Verlag.
531:anterior corticospinal tract
510:, projects down through the
275:upper motor neuron syndrome
261:, or disease affecting the
3659:
2470:10.1191/026921501670667822
1381:. HemiHelp. Archived from
1357:10.1016/j.spen.2017.02.001
592:magnetic resonance imaging
182:subjective visual vertical
135:
29:
3387:Lower motor neuron lesion
3382:Upper motor neuron lesion
3187:Myotonia / Pseudomyotonia
2902:relating to movement and
2653:10.3390/healthcare9081046
2272:10.2106/JBJS.RVW.19.00119
2200:10.1682/JRRD.2004.03.0293
2163:"Right Hemisphere Damage"
1962:10.1016/j.pmr.2015.06.002
1497:10.1001/archneur.62.5.809
1250:10.1080/14038190600806596
1238:Advances in Physiotherapy
616:health care professionals
483:corticobasal degeneration
84:, also called unilateral
2426:10.1177/0888439003259415
2230:"Hemiplegia/Hemiparesis"
2120:10.1177/1545968308324786
1525:Cerebrovascular Diseases
1322:"hemiplegia in children"
1292:10.1177/0269215509104172
647:cerebrovascular accident
514:, continues through the
508:motor areas of the brain
427:: cerebral lacerations,
30:Not to be confused with
2458:Clinical Rehabilitation
1931:Physical Rehabilitation
1755:Physical Rehabilitation
1280:Clinical Rehabilitation
1223:Physical Rehabilitation
833:Occupational therapists
741:occupational therapists
708:occupational therapists
378:spinal epidural abscess
1900:(1): 8–19, quiz 20–3.
1807:10.1161/01.STR.24.1.58
1447:10.1136/jnnp.74.8.1152
1135:10.1073/pnas.240279997
1043:10.1093/ptj/83.12.1119
941:Alternating hemiplegia
892:released an EP called
412:disseminated sclerosis
259:traumatic brain injury
255:Brown-Séquard syndrome
104:traumatic brain injury
3494:Boutonniere deformity
2570:10.5014/ajot.50.3.194
1682:10.2340/1650197771331
1587:10.1212/WNL.54.9.1801
1484:Archives of Neurology
1079:10.1212/wnl.55.9.1298
1001:at Disabled-World.com
840:Orthotic Intervention
3565:Clasp-knife response
2072:10.1212/wnl.61.6.842
1652:on October 11, 2010.
1642:"Gait Abnormalities"
1332:on February 4, 2012.
882:The Poisonwood Bible
828:Occupational therapy
803:occupational therapy
420:neuromyelitis optica
119:Loss of motor skills
3597:Conversion disorder
3499:Swan neck deformity
3422:Locomotive syndrome
1407:. Lakesidepress.com
1126:2000PNAS...9713931K
956:Laryngeal paralysis
951:Hemiplegic migraine
946:Brunnstrom Approach
704:physical therapists
345:cerebral hemorrhage
247:corticospinal tract
190:hemispatial neglect
154:cerebral hemisphere
3334:Spastic paraplegia
3324:Spastic paraplegia
3319:Periodic paralysis
3228:Abnormal posturing
3093:Dysdiadochokinesia
3029:Asynchronous gait
2991:Trendelenburg gait
2951:Marche à petit pas
2900:Signs and symptoms
1907:10.1093/ptj/79.1.8
1206:Davies PM (1985).
997:2022-02-02 at the
877:Barbara Kingsolver
408:multiple sclerosis
399:spinal cord tumors
251:spinal cord injury
110:Signs and symptoms
32:Spastic hemiplegia
3625:
3624:
3314:Flaccid paralysis
3135:Abnormal movement
3125:Hemimotor neglect
3083:Cerebellar ataxia
3033:Gunslinger's gait
2931:Cerebellar ataxia
2866:
2865:
1537:10.1159/000095756
1403:Martin L (2009).
679:flaccid paralysis
433:epidural hematoma
429:subdural hematoma
79:
78:
37:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
3650:
3329:Spastic diplegia
3296:Tonic immobility
3288:Waxy flexibility
3232:Stooped posture
3038:Hemiparetic gait
3019:Asymmetric gait
2918:Gait abnormality
2893:
2886:
2879:
2870:
2778:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2693:
2684:
2683:
2673:
2655:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2528:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2428:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2332:
2315:(10): CD001408.
2300:
2294:
2293:
2283:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2232:. Archived from
2226:
2220:
2219:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2122:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2038:
2013:(5): 1772–1779.
1998:
1992:
1991:
1981:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1909:
1894:Physical Therapy
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1733:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1684:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1648:. Archived from
1638:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1572:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1499:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1458:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1328:. Archived from
1318:
1312:
1311:
1275:
1262:
1261:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1167:
1158:
1157:
1147:
1137:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1045:
1021:
1002:
989:
898:Columbia Records
814:Physical therapy
809:Physical therapy
737:physiotherapists
612:physiotherapists
606:Assessment tools
512:internal capsule
460:Todd's paralysis
40:
21:
3658:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3647:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3621:
3592:Motion sickness
3525:Rachitic rosary
3513:
3462:Joint stiffness
3437:Range of motion
3431:
3398:
3394:Sleep paralysis
3378:General causes
3300:
3216:
3129:
3064:
2976:Vestibular gait
2956:Propulsive gait
2906:
2897:
2867:
2862:
2861:
2789:
2775:
2774:
2765:
2763:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2744:
2742:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2723:
2721:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2702:
2700:
2695:
2694:
2687:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2511:(1): CD003863.
2498:
2497:
2493:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2239:
2237:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2194:(3A): 293–312.
2185:
2184:
2180:
2171:
2169:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2148:
2144:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1873:
1871:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1778:
1776:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1646:The Stanford 25
1640:
1639:
1635:
1626:
1624:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1570:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1410:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1388:
1386:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1277:
1276:
1265:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1120:(25): 13931–6.
1107:
1106:
1102:
1073:(9): 1298–304.
1064:
1063:
1059:
1036:(12): 1119–25.
1023:
1022:
1005:
999:Wayback Machine
990:
979:
974:
937:
872:
870:Popular culture
855:
842:
830:
811:
799:
774:
765:botulinum toxin
749:
731:
700:
655:stroke recovery
608:
586:studies like a
580:physiotherapist
576:
500:
492:sleep paralysis
337:
304:from the diet.
253:, specifically
235:
217:
207:true vertical.
140:
138:Pusher syndrome
134:
132:Pusher syndrome
121:
112:
94:means "half").
38:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3656:
3654:
3646:
3645:
3640:
3630:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3582:Astasia-abasia
3579:
3574:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3545:Bow-leggedness
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3441:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3408:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3346:
3338:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3321:
3316:
3310:
3308:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3293:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3230:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3139:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3110:Sensory ataxia
3107:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3098:Pronator drift
3095:
3090:
3080:
3074:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3061:
3060:
3052:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3027:
3026:
3025:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2971:Truncal ataxia
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2920:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2873:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2848:
2825:
2810:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2781:Classification
2773:
2772:
2751:
2730:
2709:
2685:
2626:
2583:
2564:(3): 194–201.
2548:
2491:
2448:
2399:
2344:
2295:
2246:
2221:
2178:
2154:
2142:
2093:
2050:
1993:
1956:(4): 729–745.
1936:
1921:
1880:
1855:
1820:
1785:
1760:
1745:
1704:
1655:
1633:
1608:
1558:
1511:
1470:
1421:
1395:
1370:
1335:
1313:
1263:
1244:(4): 154–160.
1228:
1213:
1198:
1159:
1100:
1057:
1003:
976:
975:
973:
970:
969:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
936:
933:
932:
931:
918:
901:
886:
871:
868:
854:
851:
841:
838:
829:
826:
810:
807:
798:
797:Rehabilitation
795:
773:
770:
748:
745:
739:, doctors and
728:Mirror Therapy
699:
696:
691:
690:
671:
670:
643:
642:
631:
630:
627:
624:
607:
604:
575:
572:
571:
570:
567:
499:
496:
495:
494:
485:
472:
469:cerebral palsy
462:
449:
443:
437:cerebral palsy
422:
401:
380:
374:cerebral palsy
355:
353:cerebral palsy
336:
333:
298:celiac disease
267:cerebral palsy
234:
231:
216:
213:
204:motor learning
136:Main article:
133:
130:
120:
117:
111:
108:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
63:
57:
56:
51:
45:
44:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3655:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3618:
3617:Dancing mania
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3560:Hyperreflexia
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3516:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3472:Hypermobility
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3434:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3395:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3278:Joint locking
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3158:Fasciculation
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3048:Antalgic gait
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3008:Steppage gait
3006:
3005:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2961:Stomping gait
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2946:Magnetic gait
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2791:
2788:
2783:
2779:
2761:
2755:
2752:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2719:
2713:
2710:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2681:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2630:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2587:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2552:
2549:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2492:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2452:
2449:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2403:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2348:
2345:
2340:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2299:
2296:
2291:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2250:
2247:
2236:on 2009-04-20
2235:
2231:
2225:
2222:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2182:
2179:
2168:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2152:, p. 746
2151:
2146:
2143:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2113:(3): 209–17.
2112:
2108:
2104:
2097:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2054:
2051:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
1997:
1994:
1989:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1940:
1937:
1932:
1925:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1884:
1881:
1870:on 2014-10-06
1869:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1824:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1786:
1775:on 2016-09-24
1774:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1756:
1749:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1724:(2): 427–32.
1723:
1719:
1715:
1708:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1659:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1623:on 2018-01-26
1622:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1581:(9): 1801–5.
1580:
1576:
1569:
1562:
1559:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1490:(5): 809–11.
1489:
1485:
1481:
1474:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1441:(8): 1152–3.
1440:
1436:
1432:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1406:
1399:
1396:
1385:on 2013-03-05
1384:
1380:
1374:
1371:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1339:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1286:(7): 639–50.
1285:
1281:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1232:
1229:
1224:
1217:
1214:
1209:
1202:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1104:
1101:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
993:
988:
986:
984:
982:
978:
971:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
938:
934:
929:
928:
923:
919:
916:
912:
911:
906:
902:
899:
895:
891:
887:
884:
883:
878:
874:
873:
869:
867:
863:
861:
852:
850:
848:
839:
837:
834:
827:
825:
823:
819:
815:
808:
806:
804:
796:
794:
792:
787:
783:
779:
771:
769:
766:
762:
758:
754:
746:
744:
742:
738:
733:
729:
725:
720:
718:
714:
709:
705:
697:
695:
688:
684:
683:
682:
680:
676:
668:
664:
663:
662:
660:
656:
651:
648:
640:
636:
635:
634:
628:
625:
622:
621:
620:
617:
613:
605:
603:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
573:
568:
564:
560:
559:contralateral
556:
555:
554:
551:
549:
547:
542:
540:
539:contralateral
534:
532:
528:
527:motor neurons
524:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
497:
493:
489:
486:
484:
480:
476:
473:
470:
466:
463:
461:
457:
453:
450:
447:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:Demyelination
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
381:
379:
375:
371:
370:brain abscess
367:
363:
359:
356:
354:
350:
346:
342:
339:
338:
334:
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
232:
230:
228:
223:
214:
212:
208:
205:
200:
197:
195:
191:
186:
183:
178:
173:
171:
170:Barthel Index
167:
161:
157:
155:
151:
146:
139:
131:
129:
127:
118:
116:
109:
107:
105:
101:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
75:
72:
68:
64:
62:
58:
55:
52:
50:
46:
41:
33:
19:
3555:Hyporeflexia
3450:Bethlem sign
3417:Gowers' sign
3411:
3372:Quadruplegia
3248:Opisthotonus
3241:Osteoporosis
3236:Camptocormia
3178:Hyperkinesia
3163:Fibrillation
3070:Coordination
3037:
3023:Leaping gait
2966:Spastic gait
2936:Choreic gait
2926:Scissor gait
2850:
2827:
2812:
2793:
2764:. Retrieved
2754:
2743:. Retrieved
2741:. eNotes.com
2733:
2722:. Retrieved
2712:
2701:. Retrieved
2643:
2639:
2629:
2599:(6): 582–8.
2596:
2592:
2586:
2561:
2557:
2551:
2508:
2504:
2494:
2461:
2457:
2451:
2419:(4): 220–6.
2416:
2412:
2402:
2361:
2357:
2347:
2312:
2308:
2298:
2266:(3): e0119.
2263:
2260:JBJS Reviews
2259:
2249:
2238:. Retrieved
2234:the original
2224:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2170:. Retrieved
2166:
2157:
2145:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2066:(6): 842–4.
2063:
2059:
2053:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1930:
1924:
1897:
1893:
1883:
1872:. Retrieved
1868:the original
1858:
1833:
1829:
1823:
1801:(1): 58–63.
1798:
1794:
1788:
1777:. Retrieved
1773:the original
1763:
1754:
1748:
1721:
1717:
1707:
1675:(1): 13–31.
1672:
1668:
1658:
1650:the original
1645:
1636:
1625:. Retrieved
1621:the original
1611:
1578:
1574:
1561:
1528:
1524:
1514:
1487:
1483:
1473:
1438:
1434:
1424:
1415:
1409:. Retrieved
1398:
1387:. Retrieved
1383:the original
1373:
1351:(1): 43–53.
1348:
1344:
1338:
1330:the original
1325:
1316:
1283:
1279:
1241:
1237:
1231:
1222:
1216:
1207:
1201:
1176:
1172:
1117:
1113:
1103:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1033:
1029:
925:
908:
905:Jodie Foster
903:In the 1994
893:
880:
864:
856:
843:
831:
812:
800:
784:may cut the
775:
761:brain injury
750:
734:
721:
715:to decrease
701:
692:
672:
658:
650:
644:
632:
609:
600:
584:Radiological
577:
562:
558:
552:
544:
537:
535:
519:
501:
487:
475:Degenerative
474:
464:
451:
445:
424:
403:
395:brain tumors
382:
362:encephalitis
357:
340:
329:hypertension
306:
287:
236:
226:
218:
209:
201:
198:
187:
174:
162:
158:
141:
122:
113:
106:and stroke.
95:
89:
81:
80:
3602:Shell shock
3577:Hypnic jerk
3477:Gorlin sign
3445:Contracture
3412:Hemiparesis
3368:Tetraplegia
3182:Hypokinesia
3103:Dyssynergia
3013:Toe walking
2996:Pigeon gait
2646:(8): 1046.
2464:(1): 5–19.
1836:(2): 93–9.
1531:(1): 35–9.
1179:(1): 25–8.
915:idioglossia
860:blood clots
778:contracture
582:or doctor.
563:ipsilateral
548:hemiparesis
546:ipsilateral
541:hemiparesis
166:ipsilateral
82:Hemiparesis
43:Hemiparesis
3632:Categories
3540:Knock-knee
3358:Hemiplegia
3353:Paraplegia
3344:Monoplegia
3340:Syndromes
3273:Hypertonia
3207:Echopraxia
3197:Stereotypy
3058:Lotus gait
3054:Deformity
2766:2013-10-19
2745:2013-03-08
2724:2013-03-08
2703:2013-03-08
2640:Healthcare
2240:2014-10-02
2172:2023-10-06
1874:2013-03-08
1779:2013-03-08
1627:2013-03-08
1411:2013-03-08
1389:2013-03-08
1347:(Review).
972:References
961:Paraplegia
894:Hemiplegia
888:Rock band
879:'s novel,
791:prosthetic
747:Medication
717:spasticity
675:disability
614:and other
488:Parasomnia
465:Congenital
446:Iatrogenic
391:meningioma
383:Neoplastic
366:meningitis
317:infections
283:spasticity
96:Hemiplegia
18:Hemiplegic
3612:Catatonia
3572:Shivering
3550:Back knee
3530:Flat feet
3504:Scoliosis
3467:Ankylosis
3455:Club foot
3363:Triplegia
3306:Paralysis
3292:Grimacing
3283:Catalepsy
3221:Posturing
3212:Echolalia
3202:Akathisia
3192:Hypotonia
3173:Myoclonus
3143:Athetosis
3115:Asterixis
3088:Dysmetria
3003:Foot drop
2982:Muscular
2662:2227-9032
2394:251943815
2378:1878-7541
2060:Neurology
2027:1524-4628
1970:1558-1381
1575:Neurology
1258:145015737
1067:Neurology
1030:Phys Ther
853:Prognosis
786:ligaments
698:Treatment
574:Diagnosis
516:brainstem
498:Mechanism
425:Traumatic
358:Infective
290:pregnancy
100:paralysis
54:Neurology
49:Specialty
3509:Kyphosis
3404:Weakness
3349:Diplegia
3168:Myokymia
2680:34442183
2621:16050784
2613:19741529
2543:10451803
2535:15674917
2478:11237161
2443:23055506
2435:14677218
2386:36115790
2339:31591703
2290:32224633
2208:15543447
2137:14252958
2129:19074686
2088:43563527
2080:14504336
2045:19265051
1988:26522909
1850:12799602
1740:21164120
1699:19245788
1603:15086685
1595:10802787
1553:40273792
1545:16968984
1521:Baron JC
1506:15883270
1465:12876260
1365:28779865
1308:40016612
1300:19403555
1154:11087818
1095:19399616
1087:11087771
1052:14640870
995:Archived
935:See also
900:in 2013.
689:(STREAM)
596:seizures
566:further.
341:Vascular
325:diabetes
315:, brain
313:bleeding
150:thalamus
61:Symptoms
3587:Vertigo
3258:Trismus
2857:D006429
2671:8392067
2578:8822242
2526:6984447
2486:1792159
2358:Explore
2330:6779591
2281:7161716
2036:2718540
1979:4630679
1916:9920188
1815:8418551
1691:1135616
1456:1738578
1193:8554469
1122:Bibcode
966:Paresis
924:series
920:In the
782:surgeon
772:Surgery
753:Librium
588:CT scan
523:medulla
456:seizure
321:cancers
294:forceps
269:. As a
194:aphasia
177:posture
86:paresis
3607:Stupor
3427:Ptosis
3268:Tetany
3153:Tremor
3148:Chorea
3120:Abasia
3078:Ataxia
2842:094.89
2808:6B60.6
2804:MB53.Z
2678:
2668:
2660:
2619:
2611:
2576:
2541:
2533:
2523:
2484:
2476:
2441:
2433:
2392:
2384:
2376:
2337:
2327:
2288:
2278:
2216:563507
2214:
2206:
2135:
2127:
2086:
2078:
2043:
2033:
2025:
2007:Stroke
1986:
1976:
1968:
1914:
1848:
1813:
1795:Stroke
1738:
1718:Stroke
1697:
1689:
1601:
1593:
1551:
1543:
1504:
1463:
1453:
1363:
1306:
1298:
1256:
1191:
1152:
1142:
1093:
1085:
1050:
890:HAERTS
847:UHMWPE
757:Valium
669:(CMSA)
649:(CVA).
387:glioma
349:stroke
335:Common
309:trauma
302:gluten
279:clonus
271:lesion
243:lesion
239:stroke
233:Causes
227:et al.
222:stroke
145:stroke
126:ataxia
74:Stroke
70:Causes
3518:Other
3263:Cramp
3253:Spasm
2846:438.2
2838:342.9
2823:G81.9
2617:S2CID
2539:S2CID
2482:S2CID
2439:S2CID
2390:S2CID
2212:S2CID
2133:S2CID
2084:S2CID
1695:S2CID
1599:S2CID
1571:(PDF)
1549:S2CID
1304:S2CID
1254:S2CID
1145:17678
1091:S2CID
922:anime
907:film
641:(FMA)
520:lower
452:Ictal
263:brain
91:hemi-
3043:Limp
2922:CNS
2911:Gait
2904:gait
2852:MeSH
2833:9-CM
2676:PMID
2658:ISSN
2609:PMID
2574:PMID
2531:PMID
2509:2005
2474:PMID
2431:PMID
2382:PMID
2374:ISSN
2335:PMID
2313:2019
2286:PMID
2204:PMID
2125:PMID
2076:PMID
2041:PMID
2023:ISSN
1984:PMID
1966:ISSN
1912:PMID
1846:PMID
1811:PMID
1736:PMID
1687:PMID
1591:PMID
1541:PMID
1502:PMID
1461:PMID
1361:PMID
1296:PMID
1189:PMID
1150:PMID
1083:PMID
1048:PMID
910:Nell
896:via
706:and
685:The
665:The
637:The
416:ADEM
319:and
3487:HSD
3482:EDS
2829:ICD
2814:ICD
2795:ICD
2666:PMC
2648:doi
2601:doi
2566:doi
2521:PMC
2513:doi
2466:doi
2421:doi
2366:doi
2325:PMC
2317:doi
2276:PMC
2268:doi
2196:doi
2115:doi
2068:doi
2031:PMC
2015:doi
1974:PMC
1958:doi
1902:doi
1838:doi
1803:doi
1726:doi
1677:doi
1583:doi
1533:doi
1492:doi
1451:PMC
1443:doi
1353:doi
1288:doi
1246:doi
1181:doi
1140:PMC
1130:doi
1075:doi
1038:doi
875:In
755:or
590:or
479:ALS
196:).
3634::
3370:/
3351:/
3180:/
2855::
2844:,
2840:,
2836::
2821::
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