477:
133:
665:
587:
22:
456:
and
Greater Poland. In 1234, Henry the Bearded named his son co-ruler. Later, Henry the Bearded took the duchies of Kraków and Silesia, and Henry the Pious was given the duchies of Silesia and Greater Poland. When Henry the Bearded died on 19 March 1238, Henry the Pious became duke of Silesia, Kraków
740:
Despite ruling for only three years, Henry remained in the memories of
Silesia, Greater Poland and Kraków as the perfect Christian knight, lord and martyr, whose brilliant career was abruptly ended by his early death. Upon his death, the line of the Silesian Piasts fragmented into numerous
435:
Henry the
Bearded quickly designated his sole surviving son as his sole heir, and from 1222, the young prince countersigned documents with his father. By 1224, he had his own seal and notary. In 1227, during a meeting of Piast dukes in
562:, immediately resolving his dispute with the Church. He then put an end to his conflicts with Konrad of Masovia by arranging the marriages of two of his daughters to two of Konrad's sons: Gertrude to
1055:
737:. He had six toes on his left foot, which was confirmed when his tomb was opened in 1832. Henry was buried in the crypt of the Franciscan Church of Sts. Vincent and Jacob in Wrocław (Breslau).
496:. Nevertheless, in 1239, Henry was compelled to resign the regency, although he remained on good terms with the Dukes of Opole and Sandomierz, and managed to retain Greater Polish
465:
Henry the Pious inherited Lower
Silesia from his father. Southern Greater Poland and Kraków were ruled by the Piast princes, although the late duke of Greater Poland and Kraków,
1896:
1871:
672:
Henry did not wait for the promised aid from
Western rulers and began to concentrate the surviving troops of Lesser Poland and his own Silesian and Greater Poland forces in
725:(based on reports of direct witnesses, now considered more reliable). However, the Mongols did not intend to occupy the country, and shortly afterward they went through
692:. Some sources report that European forces halted their troops near Legnica, probably fearing that the Christian Army would become an easy prey to the Mongols. The
756:
In 1944, Henry the Pious' body went missing after being taken from its tomb by German scientists for laboratory tests; they had hoped to prove that the prince was
622:
as his next target. Batu Khan realized that he had to take control of Poland before he could take
Hungary. In January 1241, Batu sent reconnaissance troops to
1281:
1901:
1482:
444:
were ambushed. Leszek was killed and Henry was seriously wounded. Henry the Pious acted as interim duke. In 1229, Henry the
Bearded was captured by Duke
448:, and again young Henry the Pious acted as interim duke. During 1229–30, he led a military expedition to recover and secure the possession of
1851:
937:
907:
528:
1906:
1617:
1612:
1102:
1876:
39:
1911:
1056:"The invasion of the Christian West by the Tatars (Mongols). A clash of civilizations between Frederick II, Gregory IX and the Tatars"
575:
508:
389:
105:
1781:
1522:
862:
466:
1703:
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1274:
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293:
86:
769:
421:
265:
1866:
1861:
1806:
819:
532:
58:
43:
1708:
899:
Reading the Middle Ages, Volume II: Sources from Europe, Byzantium, and the
Islamic World, c.900 to c.1500, Second Edition
65:
1657:
1021:"The multi-ethnic character of medieval Silesian society and its influence on theregion's cohesion (12th–15th centuries)"
469:, had left all his lands to Henry the Bearded. The will was ignored by Duke Konrad of Masovia and Władysław's III nephew
1891:
1497:
1267:
1796:
831:
1607:
749:) were no longer able to prevail as Polish high dukes and subsequently came under the influence of the neighbouring
72:
615:
512:
1592:
531:. The situation changed unexpectedly after the death of Władysław Odonic on 5 June 1239, who left two minor sons,
32:
1743:
1639:
1552:
1446:
281:
926:
Guida M. Jackson; Guida Myrl
Jackson-Laufer; Lecturer in English Foundations Department Guida M Jackson (1999).
1634:
54:
1557:
1502:
1472:
1462:
1307:
781:
651:
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the
Mongols met weaker resistance, defeating and killing almost all the Kraków and Sandomierz nobility in the
563:
493:
1020:
523:. Henry II also inherited the disputes with Konrad of Masovia, Władysław Odonic, and with the Church, led by
1771:
1672:
1587:
1457:
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1389:
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1507:
1379:
684:, and they ignored Henry's requests for help. The only foreign troops who joined him were those of King
555:
301:
711:, who had refused to help, and the unexpected retreat from the battle by Henry's Upper Silesian cousin
708:
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1846:
1841:
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1491:
1467:
1440:
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877:
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619:
489:
441:
1761:
715:, through a trick of the Mongols. There are two descriptions of Henry's death, one submitted by
79:
897:
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1786:
1685:
1542:
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661:. All of Lesser Poland, including Kraków and Sandomierz, fell into the hands of the Mongols.
1567:
1517:
1232:
971:
872:
742:
697:
643:
453:
413:
834:(1237 – 27 April 1270, buried Salzburg Cathedral), Chancellor of Bohemia (1256), Bishop of
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746:
733:. Henry's naked and decapitated body could only be identified by his wife, because of his
689:
559:
385:
353:
345:
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190:
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Duchy of Opole-Racibórz and the Duchy of Sandomierz during the minority of their rulers
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1335:
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393:
242:
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1835:
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1417:
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142:
1407:
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646:(13 February), and the Battles of Tarczek and Chmielnik (18 March), including the
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586:
449:
377:
21:
1356:
849:
757:
554:
Henry then abandoned the traditional alliance of his family with the Imperial
369:
254:
1192:
Holy Rulers and Blessed Princesses: Dynastic Cults in Medieval Central Europe
1425:
1349:
1321:
730:
655:
635:
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allowed Henry the Pious to participate actively in international politics.
412:. His elder brother, Bolesław, died in 1206. In 1213, his younger brother
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845:
Agnes (123/1236 – 14 May after 1277), Abbess of St. Clara in Trebnitz.
1402:
1369:
1314:
1259:
1183:
Borderlands of Western Civilization: A History of East Central Europe
835:
681:
668:
Original tomb effigy of Henry stomping on a Mongol, drawing from 1733
623:
516:
497:
365:
364:
from 1238 until his death. Between 1238 and 1239 he also served as
719:(today considered dubious), and the second by C. de Brigia in his
703:
The defeat was widely blamed on the European monarchs, especially
663:
585:
520:
475:
392:
opened up his cause for beatification, obtaining him the title of
373:
676:. Europe's rulers were more focused on the struggle between the
574:. In 1239, Henry II reclaimed the Santok fortress from Margrave
539:. Henry II took the majority of Odonic's possessions (including
416:
died during a hunt, leaving the young Henry as the sole heir of
1263:
452:, and in 1233–34 he actively supported his father's affairs in
1176:. Vol. I: The Origins to 1795. Columbia University Press.
507:
The situation in the northwest was more complicated: Margrave
15:
1107:(in Polish). Państwowe Zakłady Wydawn. Szkolnych. p. 52.
780:
Gertrude (1218/20 – 23/30 April 1244/47), married in 1232 to
921:
919:
999:
997:
484:
Henry II could retain his authority as a regent over the
1194:. Translated by Palmai, Eva. Cambridge University Press.
954:"Duszpasterstwo Ludzi Pracy '90 w Legnicy - Aktualności"
848:
Hedwig (1238/41 – 3 April 1318), Abbess of St. Clara in
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1044:
Encyklopedia Powszechna PWN Warsaw 1975 vol. III p. 505
1152:(13). Modern Humanities Research Association: 89–105.
929:
Women Rulers Throughout the Ages: An Illustrated Guide
480:
Henry II's reach of power at its greatest extent, 1239
729:
to Hungary, wanting to connect with the main army of
137:
Henry II (center) holding a shield with the crest of
1219:
1201:
606:
In the East, a new dangerous opponent appeared: the
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1694:
1671:
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696:took place on 9 April 1241. Henry was defeated and
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
818:(1224/1232 – 16 January 1265), married in 1244 to
420:. Around 1218 his father arranged his marriage to
630:. The invasion was launched a month later, by an
590:The Mongols carrying the head of Henry II before
790:(1221/27 – 1253/3 May 1257), married in 1239 to
404:Henry the Pious was the second son of High Duke
902:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 1103–.
578:after Henry's victory in the Battle of Lubusz.
515:took the important Greater Polish fortress at
1275:
772:(ca. 1201 – 23 June 1265), daughter of King
8:
1822:indicates monarch of questioned historicity
1897:Polish military personnel killed in action
1872:Medieval nobility of the Holy Roman Empire
1282:
1268:
1260:
1198:
122:
1101:Historyczne, Polskie Towarzystwo (1961).
1003:
896:Barbara H. Rosenwein (18 November 2013).
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1241:
1230:
1210:
1088:
1076:
988:
888:
1124:
1174:God's Playground: A History of Poland
1142:"The Great Tartar Invasion of Europe"
1014:
1012:
768:Between 1214 and 1218, Henry married
7:
44:adding citations to reliable sources
745:, who (except for Henry's grandson
1902:Christians of the Prussian Crusade
440:, Henry the Bearded and High Duke
14:
1104:Mowia, wieki: magazyn historyczny
390:Roman Catholic Diocese of Legnica
688:and the combined forces of some
131:
20:
800:(1220/25 – 26/31 December 1278)
31:needs additional citations for
828:(1228/31 – 6 August 1273/1274)
1:
599:
146:
1852:13th-century Polish monarchs
1807:Stanisław August Poniatowski
1140:Cheshire, Harold T. (1926).
863:History of Poland (966–1385)
820:Przemysł I of Greater Poland
428:. This union with the royal
362:Duke of South-Greater Poland
1907:People of Byzantine descent
1782:Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki
1523:Władysław III Spindleshanks
932:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 164–.
812:(1222/30 – 3 December 1266)
352:; 1196 – 9 April 1241) was
1928:
1877:13th-century Polish people
610:, under the leadership of
1912:Monarchs killed in action
1815:
1613:Dukes of Gdańsk Pomerania
1492:Senior or Supreme Princes
1190:Klaniczay, Gábor (2000).
838:(1265) and Archbishop of
240:9 April 1241 (aged 44-45)
130:
1608:Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca
634:under the leadership of
1887:Dukes of Greater Poland
1857:People with polydactyly
1588:Dukes of Greater Poland
1181:Halecki, Oskar (2000).
1172:Davies, Norman (1982).
1026:. University of Wrocław
686:Wenceslaus I of Bohemia
388:. In October 2015, the
1867:Polish Servants of God
1862:Polish Roman Catholics
1792:Augustus II the Strong
1709:Władysław III of Varna
1593:Dukes of Little Poland
1498:Władysław II the Exile
1453:Casimir I the Restorer
1447:Bolesław the Forgotten
1244:Duke of Greater Poland
1019:Przemysław Wiszewski.
976:newsaints.faithweb.com
806:(1223/27 – 1241/1242).
669:
603:
481:
386:Silesian Piast dynasty
349:
282:Bolesław II the Horned
1734:Sigismund II Augustus
1704:Władysław II Jagiełło
1681:Louis I the Hungarian
1663:Casimir III the Great
1558:Bolesław V the Chaste
1533:Mieszko IV Tanglefoot
1503:Bolesław IV the Curly
1473:Bolesław III Wrymouth
1380:Piast the Wheelwright
1250:Only in the Southwest
1185:. Simon Publications.
782:Bolesław I of Masovia
764:Marriage and children
667:
589:
556:House of Hohenstaufen
494:Bolesław V the Chaste
479:
302:Ladislaus of Salzburg
253:St Vincent's Church,
1777:John II Casimir Vasa
1696:Jagiellonian dynasty
1658:Władysław I Łokietek
1458:Bolesław II the Bold
1431:Bolesław I the Brave
1224:Bolesław II the Bald
972:"Thirteenth Century"
798:Bolesław II the Bald
792:Casimir I of Kuyavia
774:Ottokar I of Bohemia
705:Emperor Frederick II
659:Klement of Brzeźnica
572:Casimir I of Kuyavia
457:and Greater Poland.
426:Ottokar I of Bohemia
384:and a member of the
380:. He was the son of
298:Elisabeth of Wrocław
278:Constance of Wrocław
219:Bolesław II the Bald
55:"Henry II the Pious"
40:improve this article
1729:Sigismund I the Old
1673:Capet-Anjou dynasty
1563:Leszek II the Black
1553:Bolesław the Horned
1513:Casimir II the Just
1508:Mieszko III the Old
1213:High Duke of Poland
1206:Henry I the Bearded
1146:The Slavonic Review
810:Henry III the White
722:Historii Tartatorum
446:Konrad I of Masovia
424:, daughter of King
358:High Duke of Poland
324:Henry I the Bearded
290:Henry III the White
209:Henry I the Bearded
184:Konrad I of Masovia
174:Henry I the Bearded
156:High Duke of Poland
120:High Duke of Poland
1767:Sigismund III Vasa
1618:Dukes of Pomerania
1548:Henry II the Pious
1463:Władysław I Herman
1441:Mieszko II Lambert
1291:Monarchs of Poland
878:History of Silesia
751:Kingdom of Bohemia
713:Mieszko II the Fat
709:Béla IV of Hungary
670:
632:army of 10,000 men
620:Kingdom of Hungary
604:
551:to Odonic's sons.
537:Bolesław the Pious
490:Mieszko II the Fat
482:
442:Leszek I the White
342:Henry II the Pious
294:Konrad I of Głogów
126:Henry II the Pious
1829:
1828:
1787:John III Sobieski
1772:Władysław IV Vasa
1744:Elective monarchy
1628:Přemyslid dynasty
1543:Henry the Bearded
1258:
1257:
1091:, p. 89–105.
939:978-1-57607-091-8
909:978-1-4426-0610-4
694:battle of Legnica
678:Holy Roman Empire
614:, who, after the
545:Nakło nad Notecią
430:Přemyslid dynasty
410:Hedwig of Andechs
406:Henry the Bearded
382:Henry the Bearded
350:Henryk II Pobożny
339:
338:
334:Hedwig of Andechs
286:Mieszko of Lubusz
116:
115:
108:
90:
1919:
1892:Dukes of Wrocław
1603:Dukes of Kuyavia
1598:Dukes of Masovia
1583:Dukes of Silesia
1568:Henryk IV Probus
1528:Władysław Odonic
1518:Leszek the White
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873:Dukes of Silesia
743:dukes of Silesia
698:killed in action
644:Battle of Tursko
616:invasion of Rus'
601:
527:, Archbishop of
471:Władysław Odonic
414:Konrad the Curly
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747:Henry IV Probus
690:Knights Templar
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582:Mongol invasion
560:Pope Gregory IX
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354:Duke of Silesia
314:Silesian Piasts
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1390:Proto-historic
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1058:. Cyberleninka
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1006:, p. 204.
1004:Klaniczay 2000
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486:Upper Silesian
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408:of Poland and
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394:Servant of God
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96:September 2011
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1720:
1719:John I Albert
1717:
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1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
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1699:
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1679:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1650:Piast dynasty
1646:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1635:Wenceslaus II
1633:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1616:
1614:
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1499:
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1488:
1486:
1483:Fragmentation
1480:
1474:
1471:
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1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
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1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1418:Piast dynasty
1415:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
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1387:
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1378:
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1226:
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1193:
1188:
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1179:
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1159:
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1143:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1127:, p. 64.
1126:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1089:Cheshire 1926
1085:
1082:
1079:, p. 87.
1078:
1073:
1070:
1057:
1050:
1047:
1041:
1038:
1022:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1000:
998:
994:
991:, p. 98.
990:
985:
982:
977:
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916:
911:
905:
901:
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889:
883:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
868:Piast dynasty
866:
864:
861:
860:
856:
851:
847:
844:
841:
837:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
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728:
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699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
666:
662:
660:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
640:Lesser Poland
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
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581:
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577:
573:
569:
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561:
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552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
519:and besieged
518:
514:
510:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
478:
474:
472:
468:
467:Władysław III
460:
458:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
418:Lower Silesia
415:
411:
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387:
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379:
375:
371:
367:
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99:
88:
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81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1819:
1802:Augustus III
1579:
1547:
1490:
1445:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1249:
1242:
1231:
1222:
1220:Succeeded by
1211:
1204:
1191:
1182:
1173:
1161:. Retrieved
1149:
1145:
1103:
1096:
1084:
1077:Halecki 2000
1072:
1060:. Retrieved
1049:
1040:
1028:. Retrieved
989:Halecki 2000
984:
975:
966:
957:
948:
928:
898:
891:
776:. They had:
767:
755:
739:
720:
702:
671:
605:
596:Hedwig Codex
553:
506:
483:
464:
434:
403:
341:
340:
143:Hedwig Codex
117:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1847:1241 deaths
1842:1196 births
1797:Stanisław I
1573:Przemysł II
1202:Preceded by
1125:Davies 1982
735:polydactyly
717:Jan Długosz
652:Włodzimierz
650:of Kraków,
543:), leaving
513:Brandenburg
450:Lubusz Land
360:as well as
205:Predecessor
170:Predecessor
1836:Categories
1714:Casimir IV
1357:Leszko III
1254:1238–1241
1237:1238–1241
1217:1238–1241
1163:19 October
1062:19 October
1030:19 October
884:References
618:chose the
533:Przemysł I
461:Sole reign
400:Early life
370:Sandomierz
66:newspapers
1724:Alexander
1648:Restored
1580:See also:
1426:Mieszko I
1408:Siemomysł
1375:Chościsko
1370:Popiel II
1350:Leszko II
1322:Krakus II
1299:Legendary
842:(1265–70)
832:Władysław
816:Elizabeth
788:Constance
731:Batu Khan
707:and King
656:castellan
628:Zawichost
612:Batu Khan
568:Constance
215:Successor
200:1238–1241
180:Successor
165:1238–1241
1538:Konrad I
1468:Zbigniew
1398:Siemowit
1364:Popiel I
1343:Leszko I
1315:Krakus I
958:dlp90.pl
857:See also
840:Salzburg
654:and the
576:Otto III
564:Bolesław
509:Otto III
378:Racibórz
1820:Italics
1686:Jadwiga
1436:Bezprym
1329:Lech II
1158:4202032
1134:Sources
850:Wrocław
804:Mieszko
727:Moravia
674:Legnica
648:voivode
608:Mongols
592:Legnica
541:Gniezno
529:Gniezno
454:Prussia
255:Wrocław
232:c. 1196
139:Silesia
80:scholar
1485:period
1403:Lestek
1308:Lech I
1156:
936:
906:
836:Passau
826:Konrad
682:Papacy
624:Lublin
566:, and
549:Ujście
521:Lubusz
517:Santok
502:Wieluń
498:Kalisz
438:Gąsawa
366:regent
346:Polish
330:Mother
320:Father
262:Spouse
249:Burial
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1336:Wanda
1154:JSTOR
1024:(PDF)
758:Aryan
638:. In
570:, to
525:Pełka
374:Opole
309:House
273:Issue
197:Reign
162:Reign
87:JSTOR
73:books
1165:2020
1064:2020
1032:2020
934:ISBN
904:ISBN
770:Anna
680:and
636:Orda
626:and
602:1353
547:and
535:and
500:and
492:and
422:Anne
372:and
356:and
237:Died
229:Born
149:1353
59:news
511:of
368:of
42:by
1838::
1252:)
1148:.
1144:.
1113:^
1011:^
996:^
974:.
956:.
918:^
760:.
753:.
700:.
600:c.
598:,
594:,
504:.
473:.
396:.
348::
147:c.
145:,
141:,
1283:e
1276:t
1269:v
1248:(
1167:.
1150:5
1066:.
1034:.
978:.
960:.
942:.
912:.
852:.
822:.
794:.
784:.
376:–
344:(
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
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