33:
1492:
889:
1424:
93:
843:
897:
821:
1077:
377:
in July 2015. He announced in a video that same month the formation of a network named al-Mourabitoun which would remain loyal to al-Qaeda rather than ISIL, to which the latter responded later on by referring to
Ashmawy as an "apostate" and issuing a bounty on his life. Ashmawy's al-Mourabitoun based
335:
Waleed Badr. Security forces raided his house and the gym he frequented later that same year. They found a large amount of combat training equipment in his residence. His wife later told the prosecution that she hadn't heard from him since the assassination attempt. Egyptian authorities have linked
502:
that failed to detonate when the troops closed in on him. Different teams of
Egyptian investigators began arriving in Libya later that day to jointly interrogate Ashmawy with the Libyan authorities. Mismari announced on 1 November that Ashmawy was being tried by a military court in eastern Libya,
497:
The Libyan authorities said in their statement that
Ashmawy would be extradited to Egypt following investigations. The LNA also released video footage from the raid's aftermath showing Ashmawy being escorted to an armored vehicle, as well as photos of his bloodied face. An earlier statement added
270:
He was interrogated for the first time in 2006, a year in which a close friend of his may have been tortured and killed in state custody. Ashmawy was accused during the investigation of holding radical and inciting views aimed at state institutions. He severed ties with most of his army and
1278:
503:
along with over 200 defendants. He added that
Ashmawy took part in the fighting against the LNA in Derna and orchestrated attacks and assassinations of several Libyan officers. On 28 May 2019, Ashmawy was extradited by the Libyan national army to Egyptian authorities.
402:, described him as "a boogeyman for the Egyptian army." Ashmawy released a second statement in March 2016 in the form of an audio communique accompanied by image slides that included a photo of him in military uniform and a panorama of Jerusalem with the words "O
494:, believed that Ashmawy was using that network to move around between cities in the region. According to Najdi, "not a single bullet was fired" during the "successful" operation, which was carried out moments after Ashmawy was spotted trying to leave al-Maghar.
259:. He also encouraged them "not to accept orders without being convinced of them." Nesreen later described the death of Ashmawy's father in 2010 as turning point in her husband's life, after which he became depressed and started reading the works of
425:
in
October 2017 that killed between 16 and 54 security personnel. His deputy, Emad Abdel Hamid, was killed in a retaliatory airstrike in Egypt's Western Desert later that month. Ashmawy, under the nickname "Abu Mohannad", was sentenced to death
279:
branch of the
Egyptian military. The exact dates and circumstances under which Ashmawy left the military are conflicting. A military court hearing in 2011 decided that he should be formally dismissed from the Armed Forces.
348:
camps in Libya. Ashmawy was assigned the training of ABM recruits in 2014, and commanded the organization's cells in the
Egyptian mainland. He fell out with ABM that same year, however, when it declared allegiance to the
1203:
442:
and the
Bahariya attack, among others. "Every major attack, he either has been behind it or has been blamed for it," according to Gold. He became one of Egypt's most wanted militants prior to his arrest.
183:
Ashmawy was born in 1978. His father, Ali
Ashmawy, was a French language teacher, and his mother, Ghalia Ali Abdelmegid, worked in a school. Little information exists about his life prior to joining the
144:
unit. He showed increasing signs of radicalization over the years, which was further aggravated by his father's death in 2010. Accusations of spreading extremist thought and of incitement against the
361:
and in the mainland, had consequently split between members loyal to ISIL and some others linked to al-Qaeda. Ashmawy's mainland operations were gradually taken over by
Wilayat Sinai commander
421:"Abu Omar al-Mujhajir", and became associated with other militant groups like Jund al-Islam and Ansar al-Islam. The latter, which he was suspected of leading, claimed responsibility for the
354:
288:
Ashmawy travelled to Turkey in April 2013 and then crossed into the Syrian border and had a meeting with ISIS commanders. He regularly visited the al-Anwar al-Muhamadiyya Mosque in Cairo's
1016:
412:
and clerics to rally Muslim youth and encourage them "to expel the invaders from the abode of Islam and wage jihad against the criminal el-Sisi, his soldiers, and supporters."
292:
district between 2010 and 2012. Meetings between him and "extremist elements" became frequent after he left the military, according to an October 2015 episode about Ashmawy on
275:
colleagues following the death of his friend, according to Ashmawy's nephew. He was tried in 2007 for continued incitement, and was reassigned to an administrative post in the
1547:
320:
also traced down a trip that he made to Turkey on 27 April 2013, and then later across the border into Syria, where he is suspected by authorities to have fought alongside
1446:
1126:
1654:
1649:
129:
officer, suspected by the government of having orchestrated and been involved in a number of terrorist attacks on security targets and state institutions, including the
244:
1629:
963:
866:
1354:
1401:
1328:
1634:
708:
327:
Ashmawy's name appeared in the media for the first time in September 2013, as one of the prime suspects in the attempted assassination of interior minister
192:
enthusiast. In 2003, Lieutenant Ashmawy married Nesreen Sayed Ali, a former senior year student in Abdelmegid's school who became a teaching assistant at
459:(LNA), announced the capturing of Ashmawy during a surprise operation by a unit of the 106th Mujahfal Brigade in the mountainous al-Maghar district of
1644:
1639:
597:
552:
526:
1100:
579:
434:
by local media. When he was arrested the following year, Egyptian media credited him with 17 attacks, including the Barakat assassination, the
272:
1379:
1028:
379:
350:
157:
491:
430:
by a military court on 27 December 2017, along with ten other defendants, for various terrorism-related charges as part of a case called
1252:
1578:
390:. Ashmawy's tactics differed from those of ISIL. The latter would often employ suicide bombing as a method, while the former favored
1174:
824:[Hesham Ashmawy.. former Sa'ka officer who became the "most dangerous Egyptian terrorist"]. Sky News Arabia. 8 October 2018
1555:
487:
1518:
1469:
478:
that the operation was the result of intelligence sharing between Egypt's government and the LNA under the command of General
239:
Ashmawy started showing signs of extremism in 2000, when he argued with a military-assigned preacher who accidentally misread
435:
394:
and did not claim responsibility for his attacks. ISIL also tends to focus on territorial expansion while Ashmawy emphasized
483:
164:
224:
971:
993:
317:
738:
1619:
37:
Ashmawy appearing in a propaganda video by al-Mourabitoun, a Libya-based militant group which he led from Derna. His
642:[Who is Hesham Ashmawy?.. Story of a suspended officer who became a dangerous terrorist]. Al Masry al-Youm
1624:
1427:["He was going to blow himself up".. new video showing the moment Ashmawy was captured in Libya]. Masrawy
846:[Fall of Hesham Ashmawy and anti-terror strike among top headlines this Tuesday]. Masrawy. 9 October 2018
204:
160:. He formed instead his own network, al-Mourabitoun, which based itself in Libya and remained loyal to al-Qaeda.
328:
486:
between LNA forces and the Shura Council of Mujahideen for control of the city. The LNA, which fights for the
148:
led to his eventual dismissal from the military in 2011 under circumstances that remain unclear. He embraced
345:
309:
422:
276:
175:. On 28 May 2019, Ashmawy was handed over to the Egyptian authorities. He was executed on 4 March 2020.
32:
1154:[Hesham Ashmawy: Former Sa'ka officer and one of Egypt's most wanted]. BBC Arabic. 9 October 2018
935:
439:
362:
219:
unit. He trained in camouflage and combat readiness in challenging terrain. Ashmawy was deployed to the
185:
156:
in 2012, but eventually defected from the group in 2015, following its declaration of allegiance to the
145:
672:[From officer to "most wanted terrorist".. Masrawy tracks Hesham Ashmawy's life steps]. Masrawy
669:
452:
1614:
1609:
1582:
1543:
1281:[Most dangerous Egyptian terrorist.. 17 cases await Ashmawy]. Sky News Arabia. 9 October 2018
456:
387:
313:
193:
189:
168:
153:
103:
1229:
799:[Who is Hesham Ashmawy whose group is suspected of involvement in the "battle of Wahat"?].
341:
228:
130:
163:
He became one of Egypt's most wanted militants, before being arrested on 8 October 2018, during a
769:["Death Making".. a program on Al Arabiya warned us about Hesham Ashmawy two years ago].
336:
his name with several militant cells and operations throughout the following year, including the
289:
196:. They had two sons and lived in a building that was built by his father in the 10th District of
1253:"حيثيات إعدام عشماوي فى "أنصار بيت المقدس 3": المتهمون نصبوا أنفسهم أوصياء على الأمة الإسلامية"
1080:[Video reveals ties between Derna's terrorists and Egypt wanted militants]. Al Arabiya
395:
337:
301:
463:. Other militants were also captured, as well as the family of Omar Sorour, al-Mourabitoun's
358:
1586:
1579:""Graphic content" Real photos during the execution of Terrorist Hisham Ashmawi #الاختيار"
1355:"Libyan Security Official to Asharq Al-Awsat: Ashmawi Appeared Confused at Time of Arrest"
948:
474:
399:
248:
220:
118:
1053:[Following his arrest.. meet the Al-Murabitun network formed by Hesham Ashmawy].
373:
His name resurfaced in the media as a suspect in the assassination of Prosecutor General
216:
141:
499:
479:
374:
332:
321:
212:
134:
1127:"Former Egyptian special forces officer calls on scholars to support al Qaeda's jihad"
1017:"The Islamic State's Pyramid Scheme: Egyptian Expansion and the Giza Governorate Cell"
551:
Ahmed, Haithem; Mourad, Mahmoud; Lewis, Aidan (4 March 2020). Maclean, William (ed.).
469:
who was killed earlier in June. They were later taken to a barracks in the port city.
1603:
923:
639:
406:, we are coming" appearing on the screen. In the message, Ashmawy called on Egyptian
264:
247:
surveillance as a result of the incident. Around that time, he was also distributing
208:
126:
1519:"Libyan National Army Hands Over Most Wanted Egyptian Terrorist To Cairo - Reports"
1259:: The defendants set themselves as guardians of the Islamic nation]. Al-Shorouk
1050:
796:
766:
460:
172:
1204:"Militant threat emerges in Egyptian desert, opening new front in terrorism fight"
312:
with four other suspended officers following his 2011 dismissal, and later joined
1305:
1151:
924:"ISIS and Wilayat Sinai: Complex Networks of Insurgency under Authoritarian Rule"
1551:
256:
867:"The fall of Hesham Ashmawy: A journey that began in Egypt and ended in Libya"
297:
125:; 1978 – 4 March 2020) was a convicted terrorist who previously was an
1329:"Notorious Egyptian terrorist Ashmawi's arrest in Libya a blow to terrorism"
892:[Fall of Hesham Ashmawy, the godfather of extremist organizations].
417:
197:
140:
Ashmawy joined the military in 1996 and eventually became an officer in the
39:
1402:"Egyptian officials confirm arrest of terrorist Hisham El-Ashmawy in Libya"
930:. Forschungsinstitut der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik e.V.
382:. During the same video announcement, he encouraged Muslims to wage global
1447:"WATCH: The moment Egypt's 'most wanted terrorist' was arrested in Libya"
967:
391:
344:, which he had personally executed and previously planned while based in
305:
149:
1590:
1101:"Libyan Forces Detain Former Egyptian Army Commander Wanted in Attacks"
602:
557:
403:
252:
255:
that Ashmawy used to wake his fellow conscripts at dawn and organize
1493:"القضاء العسكري شرق ليبيا يبدأ محاكمة عشرات الإرهابيين بينهم عشماوي"
1380:"Libyan army renew calls for Derna terrorists to turn themselves in"
670:"من ضابط إلى "أخطر إرهابي مطلوب".. "مصراوي" يتتبع خطوات هشام عشماوي"
580:"Terrorist Ashmawy along with another militant transferred to Egypt"
1051:"بعد القبض عليه.. تعرف على تنظيم "المرابطون" الذي أسسه هشام عشماوي"
472:
Nasser Ahmed al-Najdi, commander of the LNA's Battalion 169, told
465:
408:
383:
260:
240:
98:
1425:""كان هيفجر نفسه".. فيديو جديد للحظة القبض على "عشماوي" في لبيبا"
797:"من هو هشام عشماوي الذي يُرَجح تورط مجموعته في "معركة الواحات"؟"
767:""صناعة الموت".. برنامج على "العربية" حذر من "عشماوي" قبل عامين"
1548:"Egypt hangs ex-elite soldier turned Islamist militant Ashmawy"
267:. He prayed more frequently and visited mosques during leaves.
482:, months after a tunnel network was uncovered in Derna during
16:
Egyptian terrorist who previously was an Egyptian Army officer
1470:"Egyptian investigators in Libya to question wanted militant"
964:"Assessing the Jihadist Threat in Egypt: The Sinai Peninsula"
822:"هشام عشماوي.. ضابط الصاعقة الذي تحول إلى "أخطر إرهابي مصري""
1175:"Militants still in Derna: Al-Ashmawy during investigations"
527:"Former Egyptian special forces officer leads Al Murabitoon"
506:
On March 4, 2020, Ashmawy's death sentence was carried out.
316:(ABM) in 2013 and gradually rose in the group's ranks. The
207:
in 1996, from which he graduated in 2000. He served in the
844:"سقوط "هشام عشماوي" وضرب الإرهاب أهم عناوين صحف الثلاثاء"
1306:"Libyan forces capture Egyptian jihadist Hisham Ashmawi"
994:"Assessing the Jihadist Threat in Egypt: Mainland Egypt"
378:
itself in Libya and developed close ties with the local
640:"من هو هشام عشماوي؟.. قصة ضابط مفصول تحول لإرهابي خطير"
243:
verses during a sermon. He ended up being placed under
1255:[Preambles to Ashmawy's death sentence as part of
668:
Salah Eddin, Maha; Milad, Marina (18 November 2017).
188:, though he was known by family and friends to be an
888:
Al-Desouki, Fatma; Fouad, Mahmoud (8 October 2018).
386:
and denounced Egypt's government and its president,
211:, initially as a regular infantryman and later as a
1152:"هشام عشماوي: ضابط صاعقة سابق وأخطر المطلوبين لمصر"
663:
661:
659:
657:
598:"Egypt executes top militant extradited from Libya"
553:"Egypt executes top militant extradited from Libya"
86:
74:
66:
58:
48:
23:
1197:
1195:
739:"One of us: the militant Egypt's army fears most"
709:"Hisham al-Ashmawy: military man turned jihadist"
133:and the 2015 assassination of Prosecutor general
890:"سقوط هشام عشماوى الأب الروحى للجماعات المتطرفة"
790:
788:
331:, the other suspects being Emad Abdel Hamid and
300:program. During that time, he started embracing
525:Joscelyn, Thomas; Weiss, Caleb (23 July 2015).
520:
518:
251:literature to his colleagues. One of them told
1300:
1298:
1296:
1078:"فيديو يكشف علاقة إرهابيي درنة بمطلوبين لمصر"
633:
631:
629:
627:
625:
623:
621:
8:
732:
730:
728:
726:
761:
759:
31:
20:
1348:
1346:
1279:"أخطر إرهابي مصري.. 17 قضية تنتظر عشماوي"
1655:20th-century Egyptian military personnel
1650:21st-century Egyptian military personnel
1491:Hatita, Abdul Sattar (1 November 2018).
1232:. Tony Blair Institute for Global Change
917:
915:
703:
701:
699:
697:
695:
693:
691:
689:
687:
514:
43:, "Abu Omar al-Muhajir", appears below.
1630:People imprisoned on terrorism charges
1076:Al-Arabi, Mohamed (13 February 2018).
944:
933:
7:
1202:Raghavan, Sudarsan (14 March 2018).
795:Al-Zoghby, Salwa (20 October 2017).
380:Shura Council of Mujahideen in Derna
351:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
158:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
1635:People executed by Egypt by hanging
1353:Mahmoud, Khalid (11 October 2018).
1228:Cummings, Ryan (28 November 2017).
1021:Combating Terrorism Center Sentinel
638:Mustafa, Nourhan (9 October 2018).
122:
1423:Qasim, Mohamed (12 October 2018).
1251:Mohamed, Farag (6 November 2018).
1125:Joscelyn, Thomas (11 March 2016).
14:
1468:Hendawi, Hamza (9 October 2018).
1327:Eleiba, Ahmed (10 October 2018).
737:Hassan, Ahmed (16 October 2015).
308:brand. Ashmawy managed to form a
304:as an ideology, particularly the
115:Hesham Ali Ashmawy Mos'ad Ibrahim
62:Hesham Ali Ashmawy Mos'ad Ibrahim
1645:Egyptian Military Academy alumni
1640:21st-century executions by Egypt
1173:Lotfi, Fatma (14 October 2018).
1099:Malsin, Jared (8 October 2018).
91:
1577:Gamal, Mahmoud (22 May 2020).
962:Stewart, Scott (29 June 2016).
398:. Zack Gold, an analyst at the
223:for 10 years, during which the
1517:Hashmi, Faizan (29 May 2019).
1404:. Ahram Online. 8 October 2018
436:2015 Italian Consulate bombing
179:Early life and military career
1:
865:Said, Omar (9 October 2018).
1449:. Al Arabiya. 8 October 2018
711:. Al Arabiya. 2 October 2015
235:Radicalization and dismissal
165:counter-insurgency operation
123:هشام علي عشماوي مسعد إبراهيم
53:هشام علي عشماوي مسعد إبراهيم
1589:on 22 May 2020 – via
1671:
1382:. Egypt Today. 25 May 2018
108:Al-Mourabitoun (2015–2018)
1230:"What Is Ansar al-Islam?"
415:Ashmawy gave himself the
400:Center for Naval Analyses
205:Egyptian Military Academy
30:
996:. Stratfor. 30 June 2016
329:Mohamed Ibrahim Moustafa
52:
1105:The Wall Street Journal
498:that he was wearing an
1257:Ansar Bait al-Maqdis 3
1015:Awad, Mokhtar (2016).
943:Cite journal requires
432:Ansar Bait al-Maqdis 3
277:Popular Defense Forces
1472:. AP via Star Tribune
1308:. BBC. 8 October 2018
922:Ashour, Omar (2016).
423:Bahariya Oasis attack
245:Military Intelligence
231:bombings took place.
186:Egyptian Armed Forces
146:Egyptian Armed Forces
1544:Agence France-Presse
974:on 19 September 2018
457:Libyan National Army
388:Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
318:Ministry of Interior
314:Ansar Bait al-Maqdis
225:2005 Sharm el-Sheikh
194:Ain Shams University
190:association football
169:Libyan National Army
154:Ansar Bait al-Maqdis
152:and went on to join
104:Ansar Bait al-Maqdis
1208:The Washington Post
1027:(4). Archived from
455:, spokesman of the
451:On 8 October 2018,
342:2014 Farafra ambush
131:2014 Farafra ambush
1620:Terrorism in Egypt
1031:on 4 November 2019
900:on 11 October 2018
488:eastern government
363:Ashraf al-Gharably
353:(ISIL) and became
1585:). Archived from
773:. 23 October 2017
396:guerrilla warfare
338:Arab Sharkas case
302:Islamic militancy
112:
111:
82:(aged 41–42)
1662:
1625:Sinai insurgency
1595:
1594:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1554:. Archived from
1546:(4 March 2020).
1540:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
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1465:
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1434:
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1420:
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1409:
1398:
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1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
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1302:
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1239:
1237:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1199:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1179:Daily News Egypt
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1131:Long War Journal
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1057:. 8 October 2018
1047:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1001:
990:
984:
983:
981:
979:
970:. Archived from
959:
953:
952:
946:
941:
939:
931:
926:. DGAP kompakt.
919:
910:
909:
907:
905:
896:. Archived from
885:
879:
878:
876:
874:
862:
856:
855:
853:
851:
840:
834:
833:
831:
829:
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611:
594:
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587:
576:
570:
569:
567:
565:
548:
542:
541:
539:
537:
531:Long War Journal
522:
492:Libyan Civil War
453:Ahmed al-Mismari
447:Arrest and death
440:Minya bus attack
124:
97:
95:
94:
81:
35:
21:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1561:
1559:
1558:on 5 March 2020
1542:
1541:
1537:
1527:
1525:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1501:
1499:
1497:Asharq Al-Awsat
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1373:
1363:
1361:
1359:Asharq Al-Awsat
1352:
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837:
827:
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819:
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786:
776:
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764:
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747:
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724:
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707:
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685:
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645:
643:
637:
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619:
609:
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203:He entered the
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500:explosive belt
480:Khalifa Haftar
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357:. ABM, both
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294:Death Making
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257:Fajr prayers
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80:(2020-03-04)
78:4 March 2020
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1615:2020 deaths
1610:1978 births
1552:Yahoo! News
1502:12 November
1263:12 November
873:15 November
869:. Mada Masr
584:Egypt Today
428:in absentia
263:theologian
217:Thunderbolt
142:Thunderbolt
106:(2013–2014)
101:(1996–2011)
49:Native name
1604:Categories
1476:15 October
1453:10 October
1431:15 October
1408:15 October
1386:15 October
1364:15 October
1335:16 October
1312:10 October
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1084:10 October
1061:10 October
1035:10 October
1000:13 October
978:13 October
904:10 October
828:23 October
676:23 October
536:16 October
510:References
298:Al Arabiya
229:2006 Dahab
87:Allegiance
59:Birth name
1523:UrduPoint
850:9 October
806:9 October
777:9 October
748:9 October
715:9 October
646:9 October
284:Militancy
200:, Cairo.
198:Nasr City
1055:El Watan
968:Stratfor
894:Al-Ahram
801:El Watan
771:El Watan
484:a battle
359:in Sinai
340:and the
306:al-Qaeda
290:Matareya
249:Salafist
150:al-Qaeda
1591:Twitter
743:Reuters
610:4 March
603:Reuters
564:4 March
558:Reuters
490:in the
253:Reuters
241:Quranic
167:by the
1562:22 May
1528:29 May
438:, the
119:Arabic
96:
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466:mufti
461:Derna
409:ulama
384:jihad
296:, an
261:Sunni
173:Derna
99:Egypt
1564:2020
1530:2019
1504:2018
1478:2018
1455:2018
1433:2018
1410:2018
1388:2018
1366:2018
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808:2018
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717:2018
678:2018
648:2018
612:2020
566:2020
538:2018
404:Aqsa
227:and
75:Died
70:1978
67:Born
273:SSI
171:in
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