Benghazi - Knowledge (XXG)

3445:. The different neighbourhoods vary in their levels of economic prosperity, as well as their cultural, historic and social atmosphere. Generally, the city is roughly divided into the following areas: Central Benghazi (colloquially referred to as al-Blaad by locals) – includes the medina, and the old quarter, Central Districts which circle the downtown – Al-Sabri, Sidi Abayd, Sidi Hsayn, Al-Berka, Al-Salmani, Al-Hadaa'ik, Al-Fuwayhat and Al-Keesh, Central Suburbs – Al-Laythi, Bu Atni, Al-Quwarsha, Al-Hawari, Coastal Districts – Al-Kwayfiya (North), Garyounis, Bu-Fakhra and Jarrutha (South), and the Distant Suburbs – Gimeenis, Benina and Sidi Khalifa. 3340:

that traffic jams, lack of parking spaces and overcrowding are also not uncommon, especially on smaller streets. Road accidents are also on the rise because of the increase in vehicles and the subsequent lax in attention given by authorities to dangerous driving. In a rare RTA conflict health study, road traffic accidents were studied during the period of the 2011 armed conflict, in which Benghazi was a focal point of events. It was found that while the number of road traffic accidents had decreased during the period of the war, the morbidity and mortality of the injured had increased significantly.

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centre. The central districts are mostly residential and commercial areas such as Sidi Hsayn. The central suburbs are almost entirely residential and more like little towns in their own right; Al-Quwarsha is a good example of this. The coastal districts (especially the southern districts) are where Benghazi's beaches can be found. Some sections have become more popular as residential areas in recent years (such as Qanfuda). These areas are still primarily recreational however, and many beach

2132: 741: 1556: 1218: 191: 2226:. The Jebel Akhdar, literally, "the Green Mountain", just north of Benghazi, rises to the east. Here the vegetation and climate is more Mediterranean in feel with none of the desert landscapes found further south. A large section of the western Jebel Akhdar is taken up by the fertile Marj plain. Further east is the second level of the Jebel Akhdar, between 500 metres (1,600 feet) and over 875 m (2,871 ft) above sea level, often thickly wooded and cut by 3597: 1989: 1315: 2192: 1532: 1307: 156: 3182: 3573: 1252: 3565:, which began to grow sometime under Medieval Arab rule, and is still intact today. This quarter stretches out from the Northern shores of the harbour, and covers an area roughly bounded by Ahmed Rafiq al-Mahdawi Street to the North-west, al-Jezayir Street to the South-east and 23 July Street to the South-west. The heart of the medina is Maydan al-Hurriya (Freedom Square); to the northeast of this is the covered 1103: 93: 2054: 1488:, which were entrenched in various pockets in the city. During the closing months of the battle, between late-2016 and mid-2017, much of the urban center in and around the remaining Shura Council pocket in the central coastal quarters of Suq Al-Hout and al-Sabri suffered heavy bombardment and war damage. Wilayat Barqa militants reportedly fled Benghazi in early January, while the LNA's General 3471: 3373: 2274: 1892: 3782: 260: 1524: 48: 3299: 2406:' (Green Mountains), and in the south the climate is becoming desert-like. Summers in Benghazi are hot and rainless, but with high levels of humidity. Winters are mild with occasional rain. Annual rainfall is low at 270 mm (11 in) per year. The city's local water supply is supplemented by groundwater transported from the aquifers of southern Libya along the 3691:

closed down for a complete redevelopment of the site. As of 2009, the 28 March Stadium was undergoing demolition work, and a new 45,000 all seater stadium was to be constructed in its place. A second smaller stadium was to be built on-site, and the entire site was to undergo redevelopment before its reopening in 2011, and its use in the 2013 African Nations Cup.

1095: 198: 2335: 1373:, nicknamed "the Executioner", had fled the city for Tripoli. Residents organised to direct traffic and collect refuse. By 24 February, a committee made up of lawyers, judges and respected local people had been formed in order to provide civic administration and public services within the city. Two local radio stations, operated by 3720:

and milk. These products are natural to this area, and these ingredients are very common to much of North Africa and the Mediterranean. Another tradition of Libyan culinary culture is tea. Tea from Benghazi has a uniquely thick, bitter taste. Tea drinking is a social activity that close friends and relatives usually take part in.

3768: 2045:' which can be translated as, 'Benghazi raises the lost', as many immigrants who arrived from the Western Maghreb or the former Al Andalus came with little money, clothes or food and were looked after very generously by the local Bedouin population as well as those arriving following the Italian war from western Libya. 2359:, an Italian name for wood (as in "Belleau Wood", not as in "wood plank"). The park is a combination of a zoo with trees planted during Italian rule and which contains wild cats, primates, elephants, birds and other animals, and a small theme park containing electrical rides, added later in the 1980s as part of a 3592:

The house of Omar Pasha Mansour El Kikhia, an Ottoman Pasha from a prominent Benghazi family, represents a good example of Ottoman residential architecture with several balconies, stone archways, and an open courtyard containing a fountain. The home was recently restored, remodeled and converted into

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Benghazi, as the principal city of eastern Libya, is one of Libya's major economic centres. The city has an important port which is vital to the economy, as Libya imports many foodstuffs and manufactured products. Benghazi is also an industrial and commercial centre in Libya. Major manufactured goods

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Food and drink is very important to the culture of the people of Benghazi, as it is in the rest of Libya. Many of the dishes and ingredients used are passed down as tradition from generation to generation. The main ingredients that are used in their cuisine are olive oil, garlic, palm dates, grains,

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There is no systemised public transport system in Benghazi despite the city's size and significance. A popular system of microbuses has developed in recent years; bus journeys run on fixed routes and passengers can embark and disembark anywhere on the route. Most microbuses stop at Al-Funduq or have

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is one of the most well known of these dishes. Bazin is a dish consisting of a small loaf of heated dough and a meat or vegetable sauce. The dough can be ripped into bite-sized pieces and dipped into the sauce. This dish uses essential ingredients such as garlic and oil. One common dessert that can

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in the late 1930s, mainly around the coast of Benghazi. Benghazi population was made up of more than 35 per cent of Italians in 1939. As a consequence, there was in Cyrenaica and mostly in Benghazi a huge economic development in the second half of the 1930s. Benghazi grew to be a modern city with a

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Benghazi was heavily bombed during World War II, and so the majority of buildings in the city are examples of modern or contemporary architecture. The central business district was built mostly in the 1960s and 1970s with Libya's newfound oil wealth. The highest building in Benghazi is the Tibesti

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serve the city, and allow for the transport of goods and vehicles. The roads are not always well maintained, however, and often have incorrect, poorly visible or no road markings, as well as potholes in some roads and inner-city streets. In recent years, a rapid increase in car ownership has meant

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of 462 BC to attract new settlers to Euesperides, where Arcesilaus hoped to create a safe refuge for himself against the resentment of the people of Cyrene. This proved ineffective, since when the king fled to Euesperides during the anticipated revolution (around 440 BC), he was assassinated, thus

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oriented capital Tripoli. This has influenced the city, and as such, the cultural atmosphere in Benghazi is more Arab in nature than that in Tripoli. An influx of immigrants including Egyptian, Iraqi, Palestinian, Sudanese and Syrian immigrants have also influenced the city's culture to a certain

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Central Benghazi is where the majority of Benghazi's historical monuments are located, and has the city's most popular tourist attractions. Virtually all of Benghazi's theatres, libraries, best clothing stores, markets and old mosques can be found there. The Italian quarter is also located in the

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plant, once the symbol of trade from Cyrenaica because of its use as a rich seasoning and as a medicine. The coinage suggests that the city must have enjoyed some autonomy from Cyrene in the early 5th century BC, when the issues of Euesperides had their own types with the legend EU (ES), distinct

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The largest Ottoman architectural monument in Benghazi is the late 19th-century Ottoman palace in El-Berka; built during the rule of Rashid Pasha II. The front elevation was completed in 1895, whilst the side sections were added later during Italian rule. The white and green structure houses 360

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Muslims. During Islamic holidays such as Ramadan, most abstain from food; restaurants are usually empty during the day, with the exception of some expatriates and tourists. Alcohol is banned by law in Benghazi and throughout Libya in accordance with government regulations. The often conservative

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in 1969, whereafter all government institutions were concentrated in Tripoli, Even though King Idris was forced into exile and the monarchy abolished, support for the Senussi dynasty remained strong in Cyrenaica. This was emphasized by real or perceived injustices from the government towards the

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were hosted at the arena. The complex also has a sports hall for indoor sports, a tennis stadium and several small tennis courts. The facility was built in the 1950s and is therefore quite outdated; the stadia have nonetheless undergone maintenance work in recent years. Sports City was recently

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Benghazi is the second largest city in Libya, and as such, has some of the best sports facilities in the country. The city has various sporting centres of different standards, such as football stadia, beach clubs (where many water sports are played), as well as several other public and private

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Ancient architectural remains of the Greek and later Roman settlement of Berenice can be found by the Italian lighthouse. There is a trace of the 3rd century BC wall built by the Greeks, four Roman peristyle houses, six wine vats. A Byzantine church also exists on the site, with a mosaic still

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declared the city cleared of the Shura Council on 5 July 2017. Despite Haftar's declaration of the liberation of the city, dozens of gunmen remained fortified and besieged in Sidi Akribesh, according to sources close to military. LNA captured the last militant-held district in December 2017.

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new airport, new railway station, new seaplane station, an enlarged port and many facilities. Benghazi was going to be connected in 1940 by a new railway to Tripoli, but in summer of that year war started between Italians and British and infrastructure development came to a standstill.

788:, which was located on the edge of a lagoon which opened from the sea. At the time, this area may have been deep enough to receive small sailing vessels. The name was attributed to the fertility of the neighborhood, which gave rise to the mythological associations of the garden of the 3698:

Benghazi is a coastal city, and its beaches are an important location for sporting activities. The coast at Jeliana is home to the Milaha Beach Club amongst others. Wind surfing and swimming are two of the most popular water sports. There are also several contact sport clubs in the

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Benghazi is a transport hub in Eastern Libya and is an important city on the northern coastal road that crosses the country. An efficiently designed system of roads, bridges and underpasses cover Benghazi, however traffic jams and poorly maintained streets are not uncommon. A

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Tourism is still in its very early stages in Libya. The industry is however growing in importance in Benghazi. The majority of tourists that visit Eastern Libya use Benghazi as a base for which to explore the Greek ruins in Cyrene or to make desert excursions south in

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the end of Souq Al-Jarid in Al-Funduq as their final destination. National and international coach services depart and arrive at Benghazi's coach station at Al-Funduq with regular journeys to Tripoli, as well as international services to Cairo, Amman and Damascus.

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and Khalifa al-Fakhri can be found. Different architectural styles attest to the different empires that have controlled the city throughout history. Sport is also important in the city; two of Libya's most successful football clubs are based in Benghazi.

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There is a variety of architectural styles in Benghazi, which reflect the number of times the city has changed hands throughout its history. Arab, Ottoman and Italian rule have influenced the different streetscapes, buildings and quarters in Benghazi.

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Finance is also important to the city's economy, with the Libyan Bank of Commerce and Development maintaining branches in Benghazi; the Bank's headquarters is a high office tower on Gamal Abdel Nasser Street in el-Berka. Other large banks include the

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The largest sporting centre in Benghazi is the Medina al-Riyadhia (Sports City). The complex is situated just south of the city centre, and houses the 28 March Stadium, and the Slayman al Tharrat basketball stadium – several matches of the

3206:; a large cement factory is located in al-Hawari. Food processing is based on local fish, imported goods, and the produce of irrigated coastal lowlands and the nearby Jabal al-Akdhar Mountains, including cereal, dates, olives, wool and meat. 2383:. The park surrounds a natural lake, and is more rugged in nature than the city parks. A section of al-Buduzira is also a water park with large slides, whilst the southern part of the park has picnic areas which are popular in the summers. 3225:

are important to the city's economy and employ many people. An increase in consumer prices has been coupled with an increase in the importance of the retail sector to the city's economy. In recent years, international franchises such as

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and borders the waterfront. The park is popular amongst teenagers, and families on Thursday nights (as Friday is a day off work throughout Libya). Another large and popular park is al-Buduzira in North Benghazi on the al-'Uruba Road in

2230:. Annual rainfall here, especially around Cyrene, can reach 500 millimetres (20 inches). It was this fertile site northeast of Benghazi that the Greeks chose for their settlement. The soil in Benghazi is a rich red colour and very 2070:

nature of Benghazi creates a strong sense of family life in the city; most teenagers and young adults live at home until they get married, though that is changing in recent years. Many Muslims in Benghazi adhere to the traditional

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up of the lagoons, but there is no archaeological evidence for economic decline in the preceding period, and it is more likely that the refoundation was punishment for having opposed Berenice and Ptolemy's assumption of power.

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Hotel on Gamal Abdel Nasser Street built in 1989. Another prominent example of modern architecture in Benghazi is the Da'wah al-Islamiyah Building, which has a series of distinctive cubes piled in the shape of a pyramid.

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Although Benghazi does not have a high percentage of green space per resident, there are a few public parks and green recreational areas in the city. Perhaps the most famous is the zoological garden and theme park in

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In February 2011, peaceful protests erupted in Benghazi that were brutally suppressed by Gaddafi's armed forces and loyalists. The violence urged the people to fight back and try to overthrow Gaddafi from power in

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Benghazi is one of the cultural centres of Libya and is a base for tourists, visitors and academics in the region. Throughout its history, Benghazi has developed with a certain level of independence from the more

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The Eastern suburb of Sidi Khalifa accommodates an equestrian sports facility. The 'Martyrs of Benghazi's Riding Club' boasts a number of female members who, at least until 2016, engaged in sportive competition.

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built a good connection of speedways and flyovers in the decades after the Libyan revolution in 1969; this has made the transport of goods between Benghazi and other cities easier. Benghazi's air transport uses

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scheduled for 10 December. However, the election has been delayed several times since, effectively rendering the unity government in power indefinitely, causing tensions which threaten to reignite the war.

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conquered Cyrenaica as far west as Euesperides. The oldest coins minted in the city date back to 480 BC. One side of those coins has an engraving of Delphi. The other side is an engraving of a

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has seen great success with three clubs in the vicinity. Gyms have also become more popular in the city in recent years, because of a greater concern for healthy living amongst Libyans.

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As with other cities in Libya, there is a reasonable amount of ethnic diversity in Benghazi. The people of eastern Libya, Benghazi included, have in the past always been of predominantly

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In the 13th century, the small settlement became an important player in the trade growing up between Genoese merchants and the tribes of the hinterland. In 16th century maps, the name of

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Important colonial buildings designed during Italian rule include the Berenice Cinema (currently under renovation) which was designed Marcello Piacentini and Luigi Piccinato in 1928.

4301: 2245:, lies a narrow belt of Mediterranean farmland. Olives and other Mediterranean fruits and vegetables are grown here. To the south, the forest and farmland gives way to juniper bush 3576:

Al-Berka Palace in Benghazi was built in two parts. The front façade was built by the Ottomans in the late 19th century, the two side sections were later added during Italian rule.

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in the 1920s, the buildings commissioned in Benghazi had an eclectic architectural language that embodied a Western conception of Eastern architecture. An example of this is the

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tribe. In modern times, Benghazi has seen a lot of Libyans from different parts of the country move into the city, especially since the Kingdom era. Many came to Benghazi from

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administrative divisions, in which the responsibilities of the corresponding political units of the same name fall. The official 32 Basic People's Congresses of Benghazi are:

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system covers many areas of the city and has its base in Al-Funduq. National and international bus services also leave from Al-Fudnuq from the central bus station. In 2010,

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Benghazi had a strategic port location, one that was too useful to be ignored by the Ottomans. In 1578, the Turks conquered Benghazi and it was ruled from Tripoli by the

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again defeated the Afrika Corps which then made a long steady retreat westward passing through Benghazi for the final time. On 20 November, Benghazi was captured by the

2147:, founded by royal decree in 1955. It was initially housed in the royal Al Manar Palace before receiving its own campus in 1968. It was later split and became known as 2027:

The overwhelming majority of Libyans in Benghazi were of Berber descent until the arrival of Bani Salim (Arabic tribe). In the 11th century, the Sa'adi tribes from the

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Omar Al Mukhtar Street in the Italian quarter was traditionally home to an urbane demographic, before many families left the old town to resettle elsewhere in the city.

792:. The ancient city existed on a raised piece of land opposite of what is now the Sidi-Abayd graveyard in the Northern Benghazi suburb of Sbikhat al-Salmani (al-Salmani 6651: 4897:"'Huda the Executioner' – Libya's Devil in Female Form – How Pulling on a Hanging Man's Legs Made Huda Ben Amer One of Colonel Gaddafi's Most Trusted Elite" 4896: 1121:—started attempts to assimilate the local population with pacifying policies: a number of new villages for Cyrenaicans were created with health services and schools. 3158: 1431:, a group of Islamist militants, also known as Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, working with the local government to manage security in Benghazi. U.S. Ambassador 1396: 687: 6265: 1310:

Court square in Benghazi, April 2011. At the central place for gatherings and demonstrations the walls are draped with pictures of casualties, mourners passing by.

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is responsible for the three-year contract. In the future, a rail link may be built to both Tunisia and Egypt forming a North African coastal rail network.

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migrated to Cyrenaica; each sub-tribe from the Sa'adi historically controlled a section of Cyrenaica. Benghazi and its surrounding areas were controlled by

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attacks; in 642–643 -when was conquered by the Arabs and partially destroyed- it had dwindled to an insignificant village among magnificent historic ruins.

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The cubic tower block Al Da'waa al-Islamiya is an important office building in Benghazi; many small and large companies in the city are based in the tower.

2211:. Cyrenaica is surrounded by desert on three sides, hence in ancient times the most accessible civilisation was to the North, across the Mediterranean, in 1318:

A large crowd of anti-Gaddafi protesters from in and around Benghazi took to the streets on 6 July 2011, amassing in front of the Kateba and the courtyard.

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The city centre contains a few local theatres, as well as the Dar al-Kutub National Library in Al-Funduq, where the works of popular local novelists like

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The city is divided into many neighbourhoods, some of which were founded during Italian Colonial rule and many which have developed as a result of modern

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facilities. Benghazi has hosted many national sports events throughout the years, as well as more significant international competitions such as the

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On 11 September 2012, the U.S. diplomatic mission in Benghazi was attacked by a heavily armed group of 125–150 gunmen, whose trucks bore the logo of

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school of religious law; however, it is much less so than in the past decades. Benghazi is said to be the most “liberal” city out of all Libya. The

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The Benghazi port is a vital terminal for the region, and allows for the import and export of national and international goods and food products.

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of the entire site. It is one of the most popular parks in Benghazi, and is very busy on public holidays, as well as amongst school children and

899:, bringing the region back under Ptolemaic control. Euesperides was relocated to a new site underneath Benghazi's modern city centre and renamed 6686: 5999: 3682:, Libya's second-largest stadium. The city will very likely be the scene of more games when Libya re-hosts the African Cup of Nations in 2013. 5469: 5367: 4932: 4701: 2096:'s Franciscan Church of the Immaculate Conception serves Benghazi's Latin Catholic community of roughly 4,000; there is also a decommissioned 5959: 5827: 4661: 4448: 3558:

intact. These ruins formed the northern part of the ancient city, which extended south and east but now lies buried beneath the modern city.

5443: 4835: 938:. That city was traditionally founded in 446 BC (different sources give different dates like 347 BC or 249 BC), by a brother of the king of 5069: 4309: 2364: 2105: 1505: 1481: 827:

mentions a siege of the city in 414 BC, by Libyans who were probably the Nasamones: Euesperides was saved by the unexpected arrival of the

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An inscription found there and dated around the middle of the 4th century BC states that the city had a constitution similar to that of

2402:) with hot and dry, prolonged summers and mild to cool, slightly wet winters. In the north of the city lies the Mediterranean-climate ' 1459: 222: 5888: 4053: 5978: 5030: 3518: 3420: 2321: 1975: 1509: 1410: 1110:

In 1911, Benghazi was invaded and conquered by the Italians. Nearly half the local population of Cyrenaica under the leadership of

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arches with Italianate motifs on the façade. Italians even did the first architectural plan of Benghazi. in the 1930s, with a new

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Benghazi remains a centre of Libyan commerce, industry, transport and culture, and one of the three largest cities in Libya with

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in the West, calling for the end of the Gaddafi regime. Benghazi was seized by Gaddafi opponents on 21 February, who founded the

603:, Benghazi witnessed a period of extensive development and modernization, particularly in the second half of the 1930s under the 6040: 5614: 190: 5342: 5163: 2158:

Education in Benghazi, as throughout Libya, is compulsory and paid entirely by taxpayers. Compulsory education continues until

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In 2022, 18 provinces were declared by the Libyan Government of National Unity: the eastern coast, Jabal Al-Akhdar, Al-Hizam,

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were killed during a series of raids, commencing at nightfall and continuing into the next morning. Ten others were injured.

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and was heavily damaged in the process. After the war Benghazi was rebuilt and became the co-capital of the newly independent

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in Benghazi. After the permanent ceasefire of the second civil war, there has been a rise in business in Libya. In 2021, the

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The Atiq Mosque in Maydan al-Baladiya is the oldest mosque in Benghazi. The majority of people in the city are Sunni Muslims.

1913: 4677:. About 125,000 Libyans were forced into concentration camps, about one-third of whom perished (mainly because of epidemics) 5484: 3273:; numerous daily flights leave for Tripoli and connections are also available to other African, Asian and European cities. 3687: 2170: 1381: 699: 667: 616: 6417: 4262: 4237: 4212: 4187: 4162: 4137: 4112: 4058: 3347:

Until the 1960s there were two small railways, built by the Italians, departing from Benghazi and served with classical

3318: 3270: 3258:, and several other hotels have opened in recent years to cater for increased demand. Handicrafts are found in the many 2418: 2116: 1391:

On 19 March, pro-Gaddafi forces almost defeated the rebellion when they began attacking the city of Benghazi in a major

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by the British on 24 December only to change hands again on 29 January 1942 in the Rommel Afrika Corps' push to Egypt.

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winds are not uncommon in the city, and as such, many of Benghazi's smaller streets and buildings can be quite dusty.

2162:. There are many public primary and secondary schools scattered throughout the city, as well as some private schools. 1198: 1171: 6031: 5971:

La città del silfio. Istituzioni, culti ed economia di Cirene classica ed ellenistica attraverso le fonti epigrafiche

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five times; Al Ahly four and Al Nasr only one. The most-important football event that took place in Benghazi was the

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justified the attacks by claiming Libya was responsible for terrorism directed at the United States, including the

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order from which the royal dynasty sprang has traditionally enjoyed strong support in Benghazi and the Cyrenaica.

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is a short distance from Benghazi, and many families in Benghazi today bear Cretan surnames. There are even a few

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By 21 February, the city was reported to be largely controlled by the opposition. The widely loathed mayor,

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in Maydan El Catedraeya (Cathedral Square), which was built in the 1920s and has two large distinct domes.

1413:; this was the first time such elections have been held in the city since the 1960s, and turnout was high. 6432: 6224: 5738: 5420: 4812: 4563: 3906: 3656: 3629: 3433: 3166: 2148: 2119:, from Roman times until 1967 when most were airlifted out after a series of riots in the years after the 2082: 1942: 1432: 773: 761: 6004: 1098:

The colonial Italians created the "Lungomare" (sea-walk) of Benghazi and constructed many other buildings

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had existed in the area from around 525 BC. In the 3rd century BC, it was relocated and refounded as the

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drives the city's commerce. Large national companies such as the Al-Brega Oil Marketing Company and the

3211: 1756: 1436: 896: 671: 462: 5864: 3740: 2039:. Thus Benghazi has always been seen as a welcoming city, a city which the local Bedouins refer to as ' 975:

Benghazi later became a Roman city and greatly prospered for 600 years. The city superseded Cyrene and

5470:"Evaluation from the National Committee for Quality Control and Educational Accreditation (in Arabic)" 2131: 5390: 4424: 3800: 3457:) have been built in previous years such as those at al-Nakheel beach, and the Nayrouz condominiums. 2257: 2208: 1924: 1501: 1469: 1422: 1273: 1269: 1237: 1202: 976: 955: 943: 816: 785: 730: 600: 592: 584: 572: 36: 942:, but got the name Berenice only when it was refounded in the 3rd century BC under the patronage of 740: 6302: 5364: 4929: 4902: 4706: 4639: 3662:

Football is the most-popular sport in Benghazi, and two of Libya's most-successful football clubs,

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sponge fishermen worked its coastal waters. In 1858, and again in 1874, Benghazi was devastated by

745: 726: 560: 1232:, Benghazi was later rebuilt with the country's newly found oil wealth as a gleaming showpiece of 567:

city of Berenice. Berenice prospered under the Romans, and after the 3rd century AD it superseded

6656: 6495: 6463: 6281: 6118: 6009: 5819: 5447: 5415: 5395: 4981: 3805: 3663: 3636: 3582: 3437:

Benghazi Zoo (al-Bosco) in al-Fuwayhat, one of Benghazi's greenest and wealthiest neighbourhoods.

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The city was in hostile territory and was surrounded by inhospitable tribes. The Greek historian

282: 3596: 2081:

For Muslims, there are many mosques throughout Benghazi; the oldest and best known (such as the

1988: 1314: 5135:

Nebehay, Stephanie; McDowall, Angus (23 October 2020). Jones, Gareth; Maclean, William (eds.).

4702:"Political Football, Benghazi Style – Soccer Club, Fans Found You Don't Mess with Gadhafi" 4474: 2191: 2032: 6636: 6442: 6327: 6297: 6234: 5994: 5974: 5955: 5823: 5193: 5167: 5121: 4657: 4444: 3111: 3064: 2942: 2392: 1531: 1355: 1221: 1138: 1065: 1042: 1038: 980: 804: 564: 553: 433: 63: 6367: 6332: 6184: 5758: 4734: 4674: 3878: 3870: 3862: 3773: 3679: 3613: 3586: 3356: 2246: 1804: 1351: 1306: 1245: 1089: 683: 612: 588: 576: 497: 5896: 5581: 3995: 6641: 6452: 6447: 6382: 6377: 6342: 6312: 6239: 6194: 6189: 6154: 6139: 6035: 5871: 5795: 5371: 4936: 4755: 3829: 3810: 3625: 3617: 3277: 2403: 1443: 1260: 1006: 951: 885: 639: 620: 532: 4023: 3624:

built in 1924, which stands in Maydan al-Hurriya (Freedom Square). The building combines

3612:

colonial architecture from this period remain today. Under the governorships of Generals

3604:

Benghazi came under Italian rule in the early part of the 20th century. Some examples of

968:, the guardians of the mythic western paradise. The name may have also referred to green 4336: 3181: 993:. The first of its bishops whose name is recorded in extant documents is Ammon, to whom 106:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

6595: 6515: 6412: 6402: 6392: 6387: 6372: 6357: 6352: 6317: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6174: 6169: 6144: 5722:"The trends of neurological trauma in a decade of road traffic accidents: 2001 to 2010" 4440: 3562: 3227: 3191: 2086: 2017: 1867: 1860: 1489: 1276:, following anti-government protests. On 15 April 1986, U.S. Air Force and Navy planes 1241: 1077: 1069: 1002: 753: 706: 624: 596: 32: 28: 5788: 5638:

Marshall Cavendish Corporation, "World and Its Peoples, North Africa". 2006. p. 1,227.

3572: 1949: 1251: 6630: 6610: 6362: 6322: 6179: 6149: 4867: 4416: 4033: 3843: 3724: 3541: 3327:

The city's road network is generally well designed. An efficient system of highways,

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flag. Demonstrators were also seen carrying images of King Idris I. Benghazi and the

1347: 1281: 1244:. In 1951, Cyrenaica was merged with Tripolitania and Fezzan to form the independent 939: 923: 863: 851: 781: 756:

settled on the site of Benghazi in the late seventh century BC. They called the city

663: 604: 568: 549: 68: 6520: 6014: 5529: 5350: 1102: 6560: 6540: 6525: 5003: 4840: 3787: 3708: 3442: 3218: 3199: 2351: 2345: 2021: 2009: 1447: 1229: 1157: 1153: 1111: 987: 917: 643: 608: 5685: 2053: 5949: 5808:

Architecture and Tourism in Italian Colonial Libya – An Ambivalent Modernism

4624: 3315:

were underway in the city for a rail network which will traverse northern Libya.

17: 6550: 6535: 6087: 6019: 5739:"Impact of the 2011 Libyan conflict on road traffic injuries in Benghazi, Libya" 5492: 3946: 3470: 3372: 2380: 2273: 2159: 2028: 1891: 1839: 1735: 1714: 1652: 1624: 1617: 1259:

Benghazi lost its capital status when the Free Officers under the leadership of

1194: 1149: 1142: 1118: 1010: 892: 6250: 5737:

Bodalal, Zuhir; Bendardaf, Riyad; Ambarek, Mohammed; Nagelkerke, Nico (2015).

5686:"A study of a decade of road traffic accidents in Benghazi-Libya: 2001 to 2010" 1094: 6555: 6050: 3971:"Population of Libyan Cities 2020 - The Bureau of Statistics and Census Libya" 3921: 3763: 3752: 3605: 3235: 1832: 1825: 1811: 1631: 1582: 1523: 1380:

From 26 February to 26 August, Benghazi was the temporary headquarters of the

1268:

people of Benghazi, including the demolition in the year 2000 of the arena of

1175: 965: 824: 789: 6073: 6060: 5556:

World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)

237: 224: 5092:"Asharq Al-Awsat Tours Extremist Dens in Libya: The Story of Sidi Khreibish" 4610: 4428: 4420: 4073: 3728:

be found in Benghazi is deep fried dates. These are often served with milk.

3704: 3609: 3332: 3298: 3254: 2990: 2200: 1749: 1700: 1645: 1564: 1359: 1339: 1106:

Littorio Palace in Benghazi was the seat of the Cyrenaican regional assembly

990: 881: 856: 808: 800: 682:

Benghazi, but was forced back by local resistance and intervention from the

545: 453: 275: 4803:

Landay, Janathan S.; Strobel, Warren P.; Ibrahim, Arwa (18 February 2011).

3600:

Italian lighthouse in Benghazi, built in 1922 during Italian colonial rule.

1005:

in 394. No longer a residential bishopric, Berenice is today listed by the

623:, Benghazi lost its capital status and all government offices relocated to 6028: 5703:

Al-Ghaweel, Ibrahim; Mursi, Saleh A.; Jack, Joel P.; Joel, Irene (2009).

4585: 3723:

Benghazi is home to many distinctive dishes that can be prepared at home.

3276:

In April 2012, the Libyan economy ministry announced plans for creating a

2092:

There is also a small Christian community in the city. The Roman Catholic

1327:. At least 500 people were killed in the protests against the government. 891:

In 246 BC, during the power struggle following Magas' death, his daughter

6510: 5919: 5690: 5008: 4872: 4399: 4388: 3915: 3849: 3328: 3308: 3195: 1853: 1818: 1707: 1693: 1638: 1603: 1596: 1542: 1050: 1046: 979:

as the chief center of Cyrenaica after the 3rd century AD and during the

835:

and his fleet, who were blown to Libya by contrary winds on their way to

832: 5319: 1395:, but were forced back the next day when NATO forces began implementing 1334:

A young Benghazian carrying (deposed) King Idris' photo. Support of the

1209:" paratroopers attack that destroyed some Allied aircraft in June 1943. 1117:

In the early 1930s, the revolt was over and the Italians—under governor

6570: 6545: 5815: 5141: 4955: 4673:

Cyrenaica suffered oppression, particularly under the fascist dictator

4436: 3533: 3265: 2242: 2235: 2075: 2036: 1721: 1363: 1335: 904: 877: 847: 710: 655: 651: 443: 5446:. International Network for Higher Education in Africa. Archived from 3302:

The Jeliana Bridge connects Jeliana with the city centre and old town.

2338:

Al-Buduzeera is one of the largest and most popular parks in Benghazi.

670:. On 19 March 2011, the city was the site of the turning point of the 6615: 6600: 6575: 6347: 6164: 4432: 4063: 3454: 3336: 3203: 2227: 2223: 2216: 2109: 2071: 2001: 1728: 1206: 1021: 868: 836: 828: 811:

in c. 515 BC, where it is stated that the punitive force sent by the

690:

to protect civilians, allowing the rebellion to continue. By 2014, a

659: 647: 458: 3231: 2334: 548:, with an estimated population of 1,207,250 in 2020. Located on the 4356:"Libyan Civil War: Two warring factions sign 'permanent' ceasefire" 1468:

in 2014, Benghazi became the subject of heavy fighting between the

926:, lies a little southwest of the site of the ancient Greek city of 842:

One of the Cyrenean kings whose fate is connected with the city is

6605: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6499: 6285: 6122: 5118:"Libyan army takes over remaining militant stronghold in Benghazi" 4730:"An Amazing Story of Resistance From Inside Libya's Soccer League" 3595: 3571: 3432: 3352: 3297: 3243: 3180: 2374:

Street is 23 July Park, another large green space which faces the

2333: 2212: 2190: 2130: 2066: 2062: 2052: 2013: 2005: 1987: 1610: 1554: 1530: 1522: 1329: 1313: 1305: 1250: 1216: 1101: 1093: 1073: 1015: 969: 793: 739: 575:

as the centre of Cyrenaica. The city went into decline during the

541: 265: 5558:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from 5137:"Warring Libya rivals sign truce but tough political talks ahead" 2108:

church (which was formerly the grand synagogue) with two serving

876:). From 324 to 322 BC, the city supported the Spartan adventurer 6565: 5650:

Libya to Revive Plan for Benghazi Free-Trade Area, Official Says

3700: 3566: 3259: 2231: 2101: 1997: 6467: 6254: 6091: 2000:

descent. In recent times, however, there has been an influx of

3635:

The largest colonial building from this Italian period is the

3464: 3366: 2267: 2199:

Benghazi is one of the sub-regions of the area referred to as

1885: 86: 41: 5705:"Factors Affecting Road Traffic Accidents In Benghazi, Libya" 5684:

Bodalal, Zuhir; Bendardaf, Riyad; Ambarek, Mohammed (2012).

4836:"Bahrain in Crisis and Middle East Protests – Live Blog" 1137:

In World War II Benghazi changed hands several times. During

515: 5954:. Libya Archaeological Guides. Vol. 2. Silphium Press. 5584:[Climate table of Benina (Benghazi Airport), Libya] 4805:"Violent Repression of Protests Rocks Libya, Bahrain, Yemen" 3670:

Benghazi, are based in the city. The two teams have won the

3262:

in the city, but are of little significance to the economy.

1559:

There are 32 Mu'tamarat Sha'bia in the District of Benghazi.

1255:

Support for the Senussi dynasty remained strong in Cyrenaica

958:, the ruler of Egypt. The new city was later given the name 5759:"Benghazi Historic City Center | World Monuments Fund" 3970: 642:

occurred in the city. The revolts spread by 17 February to

579:

period and had already been reduced to a small town before

521: 503: 5391:"Haddad Story Highlights Efforts To Recover Libyan Assets" 5267:"Libya's PM Dbeibah proposes holding polls at end of 2022" 1508:

was formed, which was slated to remain in place until the

1248:, of which both Benghazi and Tripoli were capital cities. 27:"Bengasi" and "Bengazi" redirect here. For the films, see 3678:. The city hosted six group games and a semifinal in the 1124:

Additionally Cyrenaica was populated by more than 20,000

678:

attempted to score a decisive victory against the NTC by

512: 5190:"Libyan lawmakers approve gov't of PM-designate Dbeibah" 5070:"Haftar's forces declare victory in battle for Benghazi" 4001:

The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

1409:

On 19 May 2012, residents of Benghazi voted in historic

3707:

are popular men's sports in Benghazi. In recent times,

3169:(extremes 1945–1977), Arab Meteorology Book (sun only) 2123:. However, there are no Jews remaining in Libya today. 2020:-related families, left from the colonial times before 2012:

community also exists in Benghazi. The Greek island of

1435:, Foreign Service Information Management Officer (IMO) 1402:

On 1 June, explosives were detonated in a car near the

5920:"Libyan Food and the main dishes & meals in Libya" 5709:

Saudi Society of Family and Community Medicine Journal

5216:"Libya electoral commission dissolves poll committees" 5164:"UN says Libya sides reach 'permanent ceasefire' deal" 3284:

set up the Benghazi International Trade Fair in 2021.

780:). Euesperides was most likely founded by people from 5294:"Libyan government divides country into 18 provinces" 518: 506: 5044:"Libyan witnesses recount organized Benghazi attack" 4626:

Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus

3836: 2040: 607:

colony. The city changed hands several times during

500: 5042:Paul Shemm & Maggie Michael (27 October 2012). 4749:Johnson, Andrew; Mesure, Susie (20 February 2011). 4487:

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

4302:"FB and Twitter Got Us from Tahrir Square to Libya" 2100:(1929–1939; closed 1977; currently abandoned). For 1916:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1502:

permanent ceasefire agreement in all areas of Libya

509: 479: 469: 452: 442: 431: 423: 412: 407: 399: 388: 383: 375: 370: 309: 291: 281: 271: 253: 130: 55:It has been suggested that this article should be 6672:Populated places established in the 6th century BC 4949: 4895: 799:The city is first mentioned by ancient sources in 5753: 5751: 5582:"Klimatafel von Benina (Bengasi-Flugh.) / Libyen" 4690:. Harper Collins Publishers, 2006, p. 62, line 4. 2085:and Osman mosques) are located in and around the 1377:, along with a newspaper, were also established. 986:In its more prosperous period, Berenice became a 4479:Electronic Antiquity: Communicating the Classics 2139:'s first campus, founded by royal decree in 1955 972:in low-lying areas in the nearby coastal plain. 748:found in Benghazi from the times of Euesperides. 3947:"Wolfram-Alpha: Computational Knowledge Engine" 2249:and pre-desert scrub with some winter grazing. 1397:United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 1362:have been traditional strongholds of the royal 1068:from 1711 to 1835; it then passed under direct 5973:(in Italian). Pisa: Scuola Normale Superiore. 4605: 4603: 2151:. There are some private universities such as 2004:immigrants into Benghazi. There are also many 1286:bombing of La Belle discothèque in West Berlin 6479: 6266: 6103: 3585:Street meets al-Saqzali Street; south of the 1384:which is led by the former justice minister, 35:. For the 2012 attack on U.S. diplomats, see 8: 4331: 4329: 4327: 3965: 3963: 2241:To the north, below the steep cliffs of the 1500:representing the LNA and the GNA reached a " 884:and formed part of the breakaway kingdom of 855:terminating the almost 200-year rule of the 174: 168: 135: 6647:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Libya 5444:"Country Higher Education Profiles – Libya" 5242:"UN: Libya elections could be held in June" 4939:. feb17.info. Retrieved 13 September 2011. 3561:The next oldest section of the city is the 3499:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 3401:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 3321:serves national and international flights. 2302:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2222:Benghazi is surrounded by the "barr", arid 2135:Al Manar Royal Palace in central Benghazi, 2065:. Almost all of the city's inhabitants are 1141:the city was captured from the Italians by 6486: 6472: 6464: 6273: 6259: 6251: 6110: 6096: 6088: 5664:"Benghazi International Trade Fair Opened" 4863:"The Liberated East: Building a New Libya" 4556:"Libya: Benghazi; A Beautiful Libyan City" 3246:. The two main hotels in the city are the 2413: 583:. After around four centuries of peaceful 127: 4930:"First Edition of the Benghazi Newspaper" 4611:"Benghazi | Libya | Britannica" 4542: 4518: 4506: 4400:Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica, §E282.16 4389:Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica, §E284.19 4376: 3519:Learn how and when to remove this message 3421:Learn how and when to remove this message 2322:Learn how and when to remove this message 1976:Learn how and when to remove this message 1478:Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries 1193:of Benghazi started the US attack on the 1001:in 325, and Probatius at a synod held in 803:' account of the revolt of Barca and the 2219:, only 400 kilometres (250 miles) away. 2061:The predominant religion in Benghazi is 1527:Benghazi district between 2001 and 2007. 6652:Ancient Greek geography of North Africa 6010:Libyan International Medical University 5889:"The Martyrs of Benghazi | Local Libya" 4641:Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae 4530: 3938: 3822: 3581:rooms; and is on a tract of land where 2153:Libyan International Medical University 1541:Benghazi District is one of Libya's 22 468: 451: 441: 406: 398: 382: 369: 290: 252: 217: 183: 164: 152: 6051:UPI Archives – Airstrike against Libya 3848: 3736:Notable people from Benghazi include: 3593:the Bait-al Medina al-Thaqafi museum. 2207:and the coastal plain running east of 2143:The oldest university in Libya is the 1417:2012 attack on U.S. diplomatic mission 1178:, Egypt–British troops led by general 997:wrote in about 260. Dathes was at the 6677:Populated places in Benghazi District 6029:Lexicorient.com's article on Benghazi 5514:Corcos, David; Simon, Rachel (2008). 4700:McDonnell, Patrick J. (21 May 2011). 2355:; the park is referred to locally as 866:, with a board of chief magistrates ( 478: 430: 422: 411: 387: 374: 308: 280: 270: 7: 5720:Bodalal, Zuhir; Alzunni, S (2013). 5120:. Xinhua News Agency. Archived from 4910:from the original on 12 January 2022 4629:, Paris 1740, Vol. II, coll. 623–626 3497:adding citations to reliable sources 3399:adding citations to reliable sources 2300:adding citations to reliable sources 1914:adding citations to reliable sources 1498:5+5 Joint Libyan Military Commission 1186:and thereafter held by the British. 903:. The move may have been due to the 556:, Benghazi is also a major seaport. 5841:"CARTHALIA - Theatres on Postcards" 5666:. The Libya Herald. 19 October 2021 5588:(in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst 5363:Athanasiadis, Iason (29 May 2009). 5341:Athanasiadis, Iason (29 May 2009). 5292:Assad, Abdul Kader (2 March 2022). 4485:(4). Digital Library and Archives, 3833: 752:Archaeological evidence shows that 175: 169: 136: 5552:"Benina Climate Normals 1991–2020" 5046:. Associated Press. Archived from 4871:. 24 February 2011. Archived from 1354:was used by many protesters as an 1020:The Ottoman flag is raised during 591:captured Benghazi and the rest of 25: 6020:Libya lifts 'HIV medics' sentence 5608:"Appendix I: Meteorological Data" 5094:. Asharq al-Awsat. Archived from 5031:Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula 4656:(Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 1510:next Libyan presidential election 1439:, and CIA contractors and former 1338:has traditionally been strong in 1114:resisted the Italian occupation. 1024:celebrations in Benghazi in 1896. 395:314 km (121 sq mi) 5789:"Italian Urban Plan of Benghazi" 5653:. Bloomberg L.P., 11 April 2012. 5489:World Education News and Reviews 5442:El-Hawat, Ali (8 January 2013). 4475:"Euesperides: A Devastated Site" 3780: 3766: 3749:, Minister of Transport of Libya 3469: 3371: 2272: 2115:Jews have lived in Benghazi, as 2008:immigrants in Benghazi. A small 1890: 1236:. It became the capital city of 1174:–106 kilometres (66 miles) from 496: 258: 197: 196: 189: 154: 91: 46: 5726:PanArab Journal of Neurosurgery 5518:(2nd ed.). The Gale Group. 5411:"The Last Jews of Libya (2007)" 5389:Shefler, Gil (13 August 2010). 4834:Tran, Mark (17 February 2011). 4473:Economou, Maria (August 1993). 4354:AFP, Geneva (24 October 2020). 4290:. Al Jazeera. 20 February 2011. 3755:, microbiologist and politician 2166:International schools include: 2094:Apostolic Vicariate of Benghazi 1901:needs additional citations for 1388:, until Tripoli was liberated. 694:broke out in Libya between the 544:as well as the largest city in 6667:Port cities and towns in Libya 5865:"Afrobasket 2009 – Libya" 5812:University of Washington Press 5399:. Retrieved 13 September 2011. 5240:AfricaNews (17 January 2022). 3198:, tanning, processed salt and 2260:, which surrounds it on land. 1464:Following the outbreak of the 1460:Battle of Benghazi (2014–2017) 954:, king of Cyrene, and wife of 1: 6687:6th-century BC establishments 6024:Libya to execute 'HIV medics' 5995:Zum.de's History of Cyrenaica 5878:. Retrieved 26 February 2009. 5745:. Retrieved 15 February 2015. 5728:. Retrieved 15 February 2015. 5711:. Retrieved 4 September 2010. 5694:. Retrieved 15 February 2015. 5380:. Retrieved 6 September 2010. 4288:"بنغازي-صانعة-التاريخ-الليبي" 4004:(5th ed.). HarperCollins 3688:2009 FIBA Africa Championship 2397:Köppen climate classification 2171:International School Benghazi 1535:Benghazi district since 2007. 1476:government, and the Islamist 1382:National Transitional Council 1224:, in central Benghazi in 1964 700:Government of National Accord 668:National Transitional Council 342:middle of the 7th century AD) 323:middle of the 3rd century BC) 6015:GCatholic – former cathedral 4778:"Who should govern Britain?" 3882: 3319:Benina International Airport 3271:Benina International Airport 2419:Benina International Airport 2264:Natural recreation and parks 427:3,800/km (10,000/sq mi) 5806:McLaren, Brian L. (2006). 4928:Staff (24 February 2011). 4728:Lubin, Gus (18 July 2011). 4644:, Leipzig 1931, p. 462 3837: 3676:1982 African Cup of Nations 3214:office in the city centre. 2894:Average precipitation days 2680:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2540:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2417:Climate data for Benghazi ( 2195:Satellite image of Benghazi 2117:they did elsewhere in Libya 2041: 1573: 1278:bombed Benghazi and Tripoli 1148:Benghazi was recaptured by 1072:rule until 1911. Greek and 872:) and a council of elders ( 6708: 6041:Photos of Italian Benghazi 5969:Rosamilia, Emilio (2023). 5743:Libyan Journal of Medicine 5613:. Springer. Archived from 4894:Meo, Nick (6 March 2011). 4029:Collins English Dictionary 3910: 3453:resorts (known locally as 3291: 3164: 3156: 2416: 2181:British School in Benghazi 2042:Benghazi rabayit al thayih 1457: 1420: 1295: 1163:It was taken again during 1087: 1032: 915: 777: 765: 724: 638:against the government of 61:into a new article titled 26: 6506: 6293: 6130: 5532:. Encyclopædia Britannica 5483:Clark, Nick (July 2004). 3587:28 March football stadium 3238:have opened in Benghazi. 3228:United Colors of Benetton 3109: 3062: 2988: 2940: 2893: 2819: 2749: 2679: 2609: 2539: 2469: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2425: 1302:Second Battle of Benghazi 715:National Library of Libya 581:its conquest by the Arabs 218: 184: 165: 153: 144: 100:This article needs to be 6494:Administrative seats of 5948:Kenrick, Philip (2013). 5413:. Movies & TV Dept. 4654:Annuario Pontificio 2013 3537:extent in recent years. 3223:Arabian Gulf Oil Company 2176:Benghazi European School 1517:Administrative divisions 1496:On 23 October 2020, the 1474:House of Representatives 1298:First Battle of Benghazi 1197:oil refineries with 178 922:Modern Benghazi, on the 696:House of Representatives 176:الْمَدِينََه الْعَصِيّهْ 125:City in Cyrenaica, Libya 6682:Greek colonies in Libya 6046:Maps showing Benghazi. 6034:21 October 2006 at the 5845:www.andreas-praefcke.de 5316:"اللجنة الشعبية العامة" 4070:Oxford University Press 3796:List of cities in Libya 3747:Taha El Sherif Ben Amer 3282:Libyan Business Council 2203:, the others being the 1569:Basic People's Congress 1466:second Libyan Civil War 1454:Second Libyan Civil War 999:First Council of Nicaea 995:Dionysius of Alexandria 173:(Mother of Migrants) – 6005:University of Benghazi 5870:13 August 2009 at the 4638:Pius Bonifacius Gams, 4337:"Japan Nuclear Crisis" 4306:Benghazi After Gaddafi 3874: 3866: 3657:African Cup of Nations 3601: 3577: 3438: 3303: 3200:construction materials 3186: 3167:Deutscher Wetterdienst 2339: 2196: 2149:University of Benghazi 2140: 2058: 1993: 1560: 1545:(people's districts). 1536: 1528: 1433:J. Christopher Stevens 1343: 1319: 1311: 1256: 1225: 1107: 1099: 1025: 964:, in reference to the 820:from those of Cyrene. 749: 179:(The Intractable City) 6423:Tarhuna & Msalata 6408:Sabratha & Sorman 5516:Encyclopaedia Judaica 5409:Deming, Mark (2009). 4688:Atlas of World War II 4411:Ham, Anthony (2002). 4066:UK English Dictionary 3672:Libyan Premier League 3599: 3575: 3436: 3301: 3212:Central Bank of Libya 3184: 2337: 2194: 2134: 2121:1948 Arab–Israeli War 2056: 1991: 1757:Al-Thawra al-Shabiyah 1558: 1534: 1526: 1333: 1325:The Libyan Revolution 1317: 1309: 1254: 1220: 1213:Contemporary Benghazi 1205:), after an Italian " 1105: 1097: 1084:Italian colonial rule 1019: 956:Ptolemy III Euergetes 916:Further information: 743: 559:A Greek colony named 5794:22 July 2011 at the 5562:on 10 September 2023 5485:"Education in Libya" 5296:. The Libya Observer 5124:on 28 December 2017. 4935:1 March 2011 at the 4566:on 24 February 2009. 3801:2012 Benghazi attack 3493:improve this section 3395:improve this section 2470:Record high °C (°F) 2391:Benghazi has a warm 2296:improve this section 1910:improve this article 1470:Libyan National Army 1423:2012 Benghazi attack 1274:Alahly Benghazi S.C. 1238:Emirate of Cyrenaica 1203:Operation Tidal Wave 1189:In August 1943 from 1172:Battle of El Alamein 1145:on 6 February 1941. 846:. The king used his 736:Ancient Greek colony 731:Timeline of Benghazi 688:UNSC Resolution 1973 538:second-most-populous 424: • Density 403:2 m (7 ft) 170:رَبّايِةْ الْذَايِحْ 37:2012 Benghazi attack 6070: / 5423:on 22 February 2009 5370:30 May 2009 at the 5353:on 11 November 2016 5322:on 20 December 2008 4903:The Daily Telegraph 4875:on 27 February 2011 4815:on 11 November 2016 4707:Winnipeg Free Press 4263:"Hesperides: Libya" 4076:on 2 December 2020. 3850:[bənˈʁɑːzi] 2750:Record low °C (°F) 2610:Daily mean °C (°F) 2408:Great Manmade River 2256:, Benghazi borders 2145:University of Libya 2137:University of Libya 1590:Al-Saahil al-Gharbi 1567:is divided into 32 1386:Mustafa Abdul Jalil 1375:Voice of Free Libya 1184:British Eighth Army 1170:During the fateful 1158:German Africa Corps 950:), the daughter of 746:panathenaic amphora 727:History of Benghazi 234: / 6692:Baladiyat of Libya 6662:Districts of Libya 6418:Tajura & Arba‘ 5899:on 6 November 2019 5530:"Akhdar Mountains" 5495:on 8 February 2013 5416:The New York Times 5396:The Jerusalem Post 5098:on 3 December 2017 5050:on 30 October 2012 4958:. 26 February 2011 4588:on 21 October 2006 4463:Herodotus, IV.204. 4267:Geographical Names 4242:Geographical Names 4217:Geographical Names 4192:Geographical Names 4167:Geographical Names 4142:Geographical Names 4117:Geographical Names 4092:Geographical Names 3806:HIV trial in Libya 3637:Benghazi Cathedral 3602: 3583:Gamal Abdel Nasser 3578: 3439: 3304: 3294:Transport in Libya 3187: 2372:Gamal Abdel Nasser 2340: 2197: 2141: 2059: 1994: 1847:Benghazi al-Jadida 1764:Shuhadaa al-Salawi 1561: 1537: 1529: 1344: 1320: 1312: 1257: 1240:(1949–1951) under 1228:Heavily bombed in 1226: 1180:Bernard Montgomery 1165:Operation Crusader 1108: 1100: 1035:Rashidun Caliphate 1026: 750: 481:License Plate Code 376: • Mayor 363: • 356: • 344: • 332: • 325: • 313: • 6624: 6623: 6461: 6460: 6248: 6247: 6074:32.117°N 20.067°E 5961:978-1-900971-14-0 5828:978-0-295-98542-8 5220:www.aljazeera.com 5170:. 23 October 2020 4662:978-88-209-9070-1 4450:978-0-86442-699-4 4238:"Berenice: Libya" 4188:"Binghāzī: Libya" 4163:"Banghāzī: Libya" 4138:"Benghasi: Libya" 3529: 3528: 3521: 3431: 3430: 3423: 3173: 3172: 2943:relative humidity 2393:semi-arid climate 2332: 2331: 2324: 1986: 1985: 1978: 1960: 1874: 1873: 1866: 1859: 1852: 1845: 1838: 1831: 1824: 1817: 1810: 1803: 1762: 1755: 1748: 1741: 1734: 1727: 1720: 1713: 1706: 1699: 1692: 1651: 1644: 1637: 1630: 1623: 1616: 1609: 1602: 1595: 1588: 1581: 1288:ten days before. 1222:Maydan al-Shajara 1152:, led by general 1139:Operation Compass 1126:Italian colonists 1043:Abbasid Caliphate 1039:Umayyad Caliphate 489: 488: 238:32.117°N 20.067°E 210:Location in Libya 160:Benghazi seafront 121: 120: 85: 84: 64:Benghazi District 18:Hesperides, Libya 16:(Redirected from 6699: 6488: 6481: 6474: 6465: 6275: 6268: 6261: 6252: 6112: 6105: 6098: 6089: 6085: 6084: 6082: 6081: 6080: 6075: 6071: 6068: 6067: 6066: 6063: 5984: 5965: 5935: 5934: 5932: 5930: 5915: 5909: 5908: 5906: 5904: 5895:. 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Archived from 4552: 4546: 4540: 4534: 4528: 4522: 4516: 4510: 4504: 4498: 4497: 4495: 4493: 4470: 4464: 4461: 4455: 4454: 4443:). p. 156. 4408: 4402: 4397: 4391: 4386: 4380: 4374: 4368: 4367: 4365: 4363: 4358:. The Daily Star 4351: 4345: 4344: 4343:. 26 March 2011. 4333: 4322: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4308:. Archived from 4298: 4292: 4291: 4284: 4278: 4277: 4275: 4273: 4259: 4253: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4234: 4228: 4227: 4225: 4223: 4213:"Bengazi: Libya" 4209: 4203: 4202: 4200: 4198: 4184: 4178: 4177: 4175: 4173: 4159: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4134: 4128: 4127: 4125: 4123: 4113:"Bengasi: Libya" 4109: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4084: 4078: 4077: 4072:. Archived from 4051: 4045: 4044: 4042: 4040: 4020: 4014: 4013: 4011: 4009: 3992: 3986: 3985: 3983: 3981: 3967: 3958: 3957: 3955: 3953: 3943: 3926: 3912: 3879:Berber languages 3860: 3859: 3858: 3852: 3847: 3840: 3835: 3827: 3790: 3785: 3784: 3783: 3776: 3774:Geography portal 3771: 3770: 3769: 3680:March 28 Stadium 3664:Al-Ahly Benghazi 3622:Municipal palace 3614:Ernesto Mombelli 3524: 3517: 3513: 3510: 3504: 3473: 3465: 3426: 3419: 3415: 3412: 3406: 3375: 3367: 3357:Russian Railways 2897: 2414: 2327: 2320: 2316: 2313: 2307: 2276: 2268: 2098:cathedral church 2044: 1981: 1974: 1970: 1967: 1961: 1959: 1918: 1894: 1886: 1864: 1857: 1850: 1843: 1836: 1829: 1822: 1815: 1808: 1805:Madinat Benghazi 1801: 1760: 1753: 1746: 1739: 1732: 1725: 1718: 1711: 1704: 1697: 1690: 1649: 1642: 1635: 1628: 1621: 1614: 1607: 1600: 1593: 1586: 1579: 1574: 1506:unity government 1352:Kingdom of Libya 1246:Kingdom of Libya 1090:Italian Benghazi 1029:Ottoman province 779: 767: 692:second civil war 684:French Air Force 672:Libyan Civil War 658:in the East and 632:15 February 2011 617:1969 coup d'état 615:. Following the 613:Kingdom of Libya 528: 527: 524: 523: 520: 517: 514: 511: 508: 505: 502: 264: 262: 261: 249: 248: 246: 245: 244: 239: 235: 232: 231: 230: 227: 200: 199: 193: 178: 177: 172: 171: 158: 139: 138: 128: 116: 113: 107: 95: 94: 87: 80: 77: 50: 49: 42: 21: 6707: 6706: 6702: 6701: 6700: 6698: 6697: 6696: 6627: 6626: 6625: 6620: 6502: 6492: 6462: 6457: 6343:Jabal al Akhdar 6338:Hizam al Akhdar 6289: 6279: 6249: 6244: 6160:Jabal al Gharbi 6155:Jabal al Akhdar 6126: 6116: 6078: 6076: 6072: 6069: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6057: 6056: 6036:Wayback Machine 5991: 5981: 5968: 5962: 5947: 5944: 5939: 5938: 5928: 5926: 5917: 5916: 5912: 5902: 5900: 5887: 5886: 5882: 5872:Wayback Machine 5863: 5859: 5849: 5847: 5839: 5838: 5834: 5805: 5801: 5796:Wayback Machine 5787: 5783: 5778: 5774: 5764: 5762: 5757: 5756: 5749: 5736: 5732: 5719: 5715: 5702: 5698: 5683: 5679: 5669: 5667: 5662: 5661: 5657: 5647:Sarrar, Saleh: 5646: 5642: 5637: 5633: 5623: 5621: 5620:on 4 March 2016 5617: 5610: 5606: 5605: 5601: 5591: 5589: 5585: 5580: 5579: 5575: 5565: 5563: 5550: 5549: 5545: 5535: 5533: 5528: 5527: 5523: 5513: 5512: 5508: 5498: 5496: 5482: 5481: 5477: 5468: 5467: 5463: 5453: 5451: 5441: 5440: 5436: 5426: 5424: 5408: 5407: 5403: 5388: 5384: 5372:Wayback Machine 5356: 5354: 5340: 5339: 5335: 5325: 5323: 5314: 5313: 5309: 5299: 5297: 5291: 5290: 5286: 5276: 5274: 5265: 5264: 5260: 5250: 5248: 5239: 5238: 5234: 5224: 5222: 5214: 5213: 5209: 5199: 5197: 5196:. 10 March 2021 5188: 5187: 5183: 5173: 5171: 5162: 5161: 5157: 5147: 5145: 5134: 5133: 5129: 5116: 5115: 5111: 5101: 5099: 5090: 5089: 5085: 5075: 5073: 5068: 5067: 5063: 5053: 5051: 5041: 5040: 5036: 5029: 5025: 5015: 5013: 5002: 5001: 4997: 4987: 4985: 4984:. 19 March 2011 4976: 4975: 4971: 4961: 4959: 4948: 4947: 4943: 4937:Wayback Machine 4927: 4923: 4913: 4911: 4893: 4892: 4888: 4878: 4876: 4861: 4860: 4856: 4846: 4844: 4833: 4832: 4828: 4818: 4816: 4802: 4801: 4797: 4787: 4785: 4776: 4775: 4771: 4761: 4759: 4756:The Independent 4748: 4747: 4743: 4727: 4726: 4722: 4712: 4710: 4699: 4698: 4694: 4685: 4681: 4672: 4668: 4652: 4648: 4637: 4633: 4622: 4618: 4613:. 9 March 2024. 4609: 4608: 4601: 4591: 4589: 4582:Lexicorient.com 4576: 4575: 4571: 4554: 4553: 4549: 4541: 4537: 4529: 4525: 4517: 4513: 4505: 4501: 4491: 4489: 4472: 4471: 4467: 4462: 4458: 4451: 4410: 4409: 4405: 4398: 4394: 4387: 4383: 4375: 4371: 4361: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4348: 4335: 4334: 4325: 4315: 4313: 4312:on 5 March 2011 4300: 4299: 4295: 4286: 4285: 4281: 4271: 4269: 4261: 4260: 4256: 4246: 4244: 4236: 4235: 4231: 4221: 4219: 4211: 4210: 4206: 4196: 4194: 4186: 4185: 4181: 4171: 4169: 4161: 4160: 4156: 4146: 4144: 4136: 4135: 4131: 4121: 4119: 4111: 4110: 4106: 4096: 4094: 4088:"بنغازي: Libya" 4086: 4085: 4081: 4057: 4052: 4048: 4038: 4036: 4022: 4021: 4017: 4007: 4005: 3994: 3993: 3989: 3979: 3977: 3969: 3968: 3961: 3951: 3949: 3945: 3944: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3929: 3855: 3854: 3853: 3842: 3828: 3824: 3819: 3811:Notes from Hell 3786: 3781: 3779: 3772: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3741:Khadījah Jahamī 3734: 3717: 3652: 3632:and promenade. 3630:railway station 3618:Attilio Teruzzi 3551: 3525: 3514: 3508: 3505: 3490: 3474: 3463: 3427: 3416: 3410: 3407: 3392: 3376: 3365: 3296: 3290: 3278:free trade area 3202:, particularly 3179: 3174: 3057: 3052: 3047: 3042: 3037: 3032: 3027: 3022: 3017: 3012: 3007: 3002: 2997: 2895: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2814: 2809: 2804: 2799: 2794: 2789: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2744: 2739: 2734: 2729: 2724: 2719: 2714: 2709: 2704: 2699: 2694: 2689: 2684: 2674: 2669: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2474: 2404:Jabal Al-Akhdar 2389: 2328: 2317: 2311: 2308: 2293: 2277: 2266: 2258:Hizam Al Akhdar 2189: 2165: 2129: 2106:Coptic Orthodox 2051: 1982: 1971: 1965: 1962: 1919: 1917: 1907: 1895: 1884: 1879: 1863: 1856: 1849: 1842: 1835: 1828: 1821: 1814: 1807: 1800: 1759: 1752: 1745: 1738: 1731: 1724: 1717: 1710: 1703: 1696: 1689: 1648: 1641: 1634: 1627: 1620: 1613: 1606: 1599: 1592: 1585: 1578: 1539: 1538: 1519: 1462: 1456: 1444:Tyrone S. Woods 1429:Ansar al-Sharia 1425: 1419: 1411:local elections 1336:Senussi dynasty 1304: 1296:Main articles: 1294: 1292:2011 Revolution 1261:Muammar Gaddafi 1242:Idris Senussi I 1215: 1135: 1092: 1086: 1058:Marsa ibn Ghazi 1053: 1031: 1007:Catholic Church 920: 914: 886:Magas of Cyrene 857:Battiad dynasty 850:victory at the 813:satrap of Egypt 738: 733: 725:Main articles: 723: 640:Muammar Gaddafi 621:Muammar Gaddafi 499: 495: 362: 355: 347:Marsa ibn Ghazi 343: 331: 324: 259: 257: 242: 240: 236: 233: 228: 225: 223: 221: 220: 214: 213: 212: 211: 208: 207: 206: 205: 201: 180: 166:Nickname: 161: 149: 140: 133: 126: 117: 111: 108: 105: 96: 92: 81: 75: 72: 51: 47: 40: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6705: 6703: 6695: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6629: 6628: 6622: 6621: 6619: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6507: 6504: 6503: 6493: 6491: 6490: 6483: 6476: 6468: 6459: 6458: 6456: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6438:Wadi al Shatii 6435: 6430: 6425: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6395: 6393:Nuqat al Khams 6390: 6385: 6380: 6375: 6370: 6365: 6360: 6355: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6294: 6291: 6290: 6280: 6278: 6277: 6270: 6263: 6255: 6246: 6245: 6243: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6230:Wadi al Shatii 6227: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6205:Nuqat al Khams 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6131: 6128: 6127: 6117: 6115: 6114: 6107: 6100: 6092: 6079:32.117; 20.067 6054: 6053: 6044: 6043: 6038: 6026: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5990: 5989:External links 5987: 5986: 5985: 5979: 5966: 5960: 5943: 5940: 5937: 5936: 5910: 5893:locallibya.com 5880: 5857: 5832: 5799: 5781: 5772: 5747: 5730: 5713: 5696: 5677: 5655: 5640: 5631: 5599: 5573: 5543: 5521: 5506: 5475: 5461: 5450:on 5 June 2010 5434: 5401: 5382: 5365:"Future Shock" 5343:"Future shock" 5333: 5307: 5284: 5258: 5232: 5207: 5181: 5155: 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2427: 2423: 2422: 2421:) (1991–2020) 2412: 2388: 2385: 2349:also known as 2330: 2329: 2312:September 2011 2280: 2278: 2271: 2265: 2262: 2188: 2185: 2184: 2183: 2178: 2173: 2128: 2125: 2102:Egyptian Copts 2050: 2047: 1984: 1983: 1966:September 2011 1898: 1896: 1889: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1871: 1861:Hay al-Mukhtar 1797: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1783: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1773: 1771: 1769: 1767: 1686: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1664: 1662: 1660: 1658: 1656: 1521: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1490:Khalifa Haftar 1458:Main article: 1455: 1452: 1421:Main article: 1418: 1415: 1293: 1290: 1214: 1211: 1191:Benina airport 1160:, on 4 April. 1134: 1131: 1088:Main article: 1085: 1082: 1078:bubonic plague 1030: 1027: 1003:Constantinople 913: 910: 888:after 276 BC. 807:expedition to 754:ancient Greeks 737: 734: 722: 719: 686:authorized by 597:Ottoman Empire 487: 486: 483: 477: 476: 473: 467: 466: 456: 450: 449: 446: 440: 439: 436: 429: 428: 425: 421: 420: 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al Hayaa 6431: 6429: 6426: 6424: 6421: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6409: 6406: 6404: 6401: 6399: 6396: 6394: 6391: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6295: 6292: 6287: 6283: 6276: 6271: 6269: 6264: 6262: 6257: 6256: 6253: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6225:Wadi al Hayaa 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6132: 6129: 6124: 6120: 6113: 6108: 6106: 6101: 6099: 6094: 6093: 6090: 6086: 6083: 6052: 6049: 6048: 6047: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6033: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5992: 5988: 5982: 5980:9788876427367 5976: 5972: 5967: 5963: 5957: 5953: 5952: 5946: 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5035: 5032: 5027: 5024: 5012:. 1 June 2011 5011: 5010: 5005: 4999: 4996: 4983: 4979: 4973: 4970: 4957: 4952: 4945: 4942: 4938: 4934: 4931: 4925: 4922: 4909: 4905: 4904: 4898: 4890: 4887: 4874: 4870: 4869: 4868:The Economist 4864: 4858: 4855: 4843: 4842: 4837: 4830: 4827: 4814: 4810: 4806: 4799: 4796: 4783: 4782:The Economist 4779: 4773: 4770: 4758: 4757: 4752: 4745: 4742: 4737: 4736: 4731: 4724: 4721: 4709: 4708: 4703: 4696: 4693: 4689: 4683: 4680: 4676: 4670: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4655: 4650: 4647: 4643: 4642: 4635: 4632: 4628: 4627: 4620: 4617: 4612: 4606: 4604: 4600: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4573: 4570: 4565: 4561: 4557: 4551: 4548: 4545:, p. 28. 4544: 4539: 4536: 4533:, p. 40. 4532: 4527: 4524: 4521:, p. 27. 4520: 4515: 4512: 4509:, p. 26. 4508: 4503: 4500: 4488: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4469: 4466: 4460: 4457: 4452: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4426: 4422: 4418: 4417:Lonely Planet 4414: 4407: 4404: 4401: 4396: 4393: 4390: 4385: 4382: 4379:, p. 18. 4378: 4373: 4370: 4357: 4350: 4347: 4342: 4338: 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3608:, as well as 3607: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3588: 3584: 3574: 3570: 3568: 3564: 3559: 3555: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3542:Sadeq Naihoum 3538: 3535: 3523: 3520: 3512: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3488: 3487: 3483: 3478:This section 3476: 3472: 3467: 3466: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3452: 3446: 3444: 3435: 3425: 3422: 3414: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3390: 3389: 3385: 3380:This section 3378: 3374: 3369: 3368: 3362: 3360: 3358: 3354: 3350: 3345: 3341: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3316: 3314: 3310: 3300: 3295: 3287: 3285: 3283: 3279: 3274: 3272: 3267: 3263: 3261: 3257: 3256: 3251: 3250: 3249:Tibesti Hotel 3245: 3239: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3224: 3220: 3215: 3213: 3207: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3183: 3176: 3168: 3163: 3160: 3155: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3133: 3130: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3108: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3066: 3063:Mean monthly 3061: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3020: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2992: 2987: 2983: 2980: 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2244: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2220: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2193: 2186: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2174: 2172: 2169: 2168: 2167: 2163: 2161: 2156: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2138: 2133: 2126: 2124: 2122: 2118: 2113: 2111: 2107: 2104:, there is a 2103: 2099: 2095: 2090: 2088: 2084: 2079: 2077: 2073: 2068: 2064: 2055: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2025: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1990: 1980: 1977: 1969: 1958: 1955: 1951: 1948: 1944: 1941: 1937: 1934: 1930: 1927: – 1926: 1922: 1921:Find sources: 1915: 1911: 1905: 1904: 1899:This article 1897: 1893: 1888: 1887: 1881: 1876: 1870: 1869: 1862: 1855: 1848: 1841: 1834: 1827: 1820: 1813: 1806: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1780: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1772: 1770: 1768: 1766: 1765: 1758: 1751: 1744: 1737: 1730: 1723: 1716: 1709: 1702: 1695: 1687: 1685: 1683: 1681: 1679: 1677: 1675: 1673: 1671: 1669: 1667: 1665: 1663: 1661: 1659: 1657: 1655: 1654: 1647: 1640: 1633: 1626: 1619: 1612: 1605: 1598: 1591: 1584: 1576: 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Sidra 919: 911: 909: 906: 902: 898: 894: 889: 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 870: 865: 860: 858: 853: 852:Pythian Games 849: 845: 844:Arcesilaus IV 840: 838: 834: 830: 826: 821: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 797: 795: 791: 787: 783: 775: 774:Ancient Greek 771: 763: 762:Ancient Greek 759: 755: 747: 742: 735: 732: 728: 720: 718: 716: 712: 708: 703: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 628: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 605:Italian Libya 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 557: 555: 554:Mediterranean 551: 550:Gulf of Sidra 547: 543: 539: 535: 534: 531:lit. Son of 526: 493: 484: 482: 474: 472: 464: 460: 457: 455: 447: 445: 437: 435: 432: • 426: 418: 416: 413: • 402: 394: 392: 389: • 378: 366: 361: 360: 354:16th century) 353: 349: 348: 341: 337: 336: 330: 329: 322: 318: 317: 312: 304: 300: 299: 294: 286: 284: 277: 274: 267: 256: 247: 219:Coordinates: 192: 157: 148: 143: 129: 123: 115: 103: 98: 89: 88: 79: 76:December 2023 70: 66: 65: 60: 59: 53: 44: 43: 38: 34: 30: 19: 6530: 6307: 6134: 6055: 6045: 5970: 5950: 5927:. Retrieved 5923: 5918:Temehu.com. 5913: 5901:. Retrieved 5897:the original 5892: 5883: 5876:FIBA Afrique 5875: 5860: 5848:. Retrieved 5844: 5835: 5822:). p. 158. 5807: 5802: 5784: 5779:Ham. p. 125. 5775: 5763:. Retrieved 5742: 5733: 5725: 5716: 5708: 5699: 5689: 5680: 5668:. Retrieved 5658: 5649: 5643: 5634: 5622:. Retrieved 5615:the original 5602: 5590:. Retrieved 5576: 5566:10 September 5564:. Retrieved 5560:the original 5555: 5546: 5534:. Retrieved 5524: 5515: 5509: 5497:. 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Retrieved 4784:. 2 May 2015 4781: 4772: 4762:13 September 4760:. Retrieved 4754: 4744: 4733: 4723: 4713:13 September 4711:. Retrieved 4705: 4695: 4687: 4682: 4669: 4653: 4649: 4640: 4634: 4625: 4619: 4590:. Retrieved 4586:the original 4581: 4572: 4564:the original 4559: 4550: 4538: 4531:Kenrick 2013 4526: 4514: 4502: 4490:. Retrieved 4482: 4478: 4468: 4459: 4412: 4406: 4395: 4384: 4372: 4360:. Retrieved 4349: 4340: 4314:. Retrieved 4310:the original 4305: 4296: 4282: 4270:. Retrieved 4266: 4257: 4245:. Retrieved 4241: 4232: 4220:. Retrieved 4216: 4207: 4195:. Retrieved 4191: 4182: 4170:. Retrieved 4166: 4157: 4145:. Retrieved 4141: 4132: 4120:. Retrieved 4116: 4107: 4095:. Retrieved 4091: 4082: 4074:the original 4062: 4049: 4037:. Retrieved 4027: 4018: 4006:. Retrieved 3999: 3990: 3978:. Retrieved 3974: 3950:. Retrieved 3941: 3920: 3914: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3825: 3788:Libya portal 3735: 3722: 3718: 3709:rugby sevens 3697: 3693: 3684: 3661: 3653: 3645: 3641: 3634: 3603: 3591: 3579: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3549:Architecture 3539: 3530: 3515: 3506: 3491:Please help 3479: 3447: 3443:urban sprawl 3440: 3417: 3408: 3393:Please help 3381: 3348: 3346: 3342: 3326: 3323: 3317: 3305: 3275: 3264: 3253: 3247: 3240: 3219:oil industry 3216: 3208: 3188: 2824:mm (inches) 2399: 2390: 2369: 2367:on outings. 2356: 2352:Benghazi Zoo 2350: 2344: 2341: 2318: 2309: 2294:Please help 2282: 2251: 2240: 2221: 2205:Jebel Akhdar 2198: 2164: 2157: 2142: 2114: 2091: 2080: 2060: 2026: 2022:World War II 1995: 1972: 1963: 1953: 1946: 1939: 1932: 1920: 1908:Please help 1903:verification 1900: 1882:Demographics 1799: 1743:Sidi Khalifa 1688: 1577: 1562: 1549: 1547: 1540: 1497: 1495: 1463: 1448:Glen Doherty 1426: 1408: 1401: 1390: 1379: 1368: 1350:used in the 1345: 1321: 1280:. President 1264: 1258: 1234:modern Libya 1230:World War II 1227: 1199:B-24 bombers 1188: 1169: 1162: 1154:Erwin Rommel 1147: 1136: 1133:World War II 1123: 1116: 1112:Omar Mukhtar 1109: 1063: 1057: 1056: 1054: 985: 974: 960: 959: 947: 935: 931: 927: 921: 918:Roman Empire 900: 890: 873: 867: 861: 841: 822: 798: 769: 757: 751: 704: 629: 609:World War II 601:Italian rule 593:Tripolitania 585:Ottoman rule 558: 530: 491: 490: 379:Saqr Bojwari 364: 358: 357: 351: 346: 345: 339: 334: 333: 327: 326: 320: 315: 314: 302: 297: 296: 122: 112:October 2015 109: 101: 73: 62: 56: 6077: / 6022:, but then 5929:14 November 5536:27 November 5357:6 September 5271:Daily Sabah 5225:21 December 4879:26 February 4847:19 February 4819:19 February 4272:27 February 4247:27 February 4222:27 February 4197:27 February 4172:27 February 4147:27 February 4122:27 February 4097:27 February 3952:30 November 3699:city – 3569:al-Jareed. 3451:condominium 3337:underpasses 3110:Mean daily 2381:al-Kwayfiya 2346:Al-Fuwayhat 2160:ninth grade 2029:Banu Sulyam 1868:Al-Hadaa'iq 1840:Raas Abayda 1736:Al-Kwayfiya 1715:Al-Quwarsha 1653:Al-Fuwayhat 1625:Al-Nawagiya 1618:Al-Khadhraa 1348:Libyan flag 1346:The former 1265:coup d'état 1150:Axis powers 1143:Combe Force 1119:Italo Balbo 1011:titular see 897:Ptolemy III 766:Εὐεσπερίδες 758:Euesperides 676:Libyan Army 674:, when the 636:an uprising 587:, in 1911, 561:Euesperides 298:Euesperides 241: / 6631:Categories 6303:Bani Walid 6125:since 2007 5924:temehu.com 5903:6 November 5820:Washington 5499:5 February 5454:5 February 5251:23 January 5246:Africanews 5194:Al Jazeera 5174:23 October 5168:Al Jazeera 5148:23 October 5102:5 December 5054:27 October 4982:Al Jazeera 4592:2 December 4578:"Benghazi" 4492:6 February 4059:"Benghazi" 4054:"Benghazi" 4024:"Benghazi" 3996:"Benghazi" 3933:References 3922:Hesperides 3753:Amal Bayou 3606:Italianate 3333:ring roads 3329:overpasses 3313:earthworks 3165:Source 2: 3157:Source 1: 2896:(≥ 1.0 mm) 1936:newspapers 1925:"Benghazi" 1877:Population 1833:Al-Salmani 1826:Sidi Abayd 1812:Sidi Hsayn 1632:Al-Magziha 1583:Al-Magroon 1441:Navy SEALs 1437:Sean Smith 1356:opposition 1176:Alexandria 1066:Karamanlis 1033:See also: 966:Hesperides 961:Hesperides 825:Thucydides 790:Hesperides 448:Benghazian 408:Population 371:Government 359:Bani Ghazi 328:Hesperides 6657:Cyrenaica 6288:2001–2007 6282:Districts 6119:Districts 5951:Cyrenaica 5850:17 August 5761:. 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