560:
240:
428:, prices for platinum were subject to extreme fluctuations. Heraeus therefore focused its research activities on recycling techniques, and at the same time tried to find suitable materials to replace the precious metals. At this time, Wilhelm Heinrich Heraeus and his cousin Reinhard Heraeus took over the management of the company in the third generation for almost 40 years from 1927. In this era, new physical findings were implemented by Heraeus – for example in the production of the first dental
298:
364:
498:) made of pure gold for use in semiconductor components. In 1970, Helmut Gruber, a physicist in the field of metallurgy, took over the management of the company, as well as the responsibility for the technology department across the group. He promoted activities in the field of quartz glass, precious metal chemistry and special metals as well as the establishment of subsidiaries abroad.
45:
507:
404:. Heraeus applied for a patent on this process on 12 January 1918 and was granted a German patent DE 345161. Heraeus was subsequently granted British patent GB 138648, Swiss patent CH 89145, and several French patents on the process. For a short time, Heraeus set up an independent division dedicated to this technology,
466:
During German reconstruction, the company turned its attention back to its established products and expanding new production facilities. The company re-established its network of contacts after the Second World War, allowing it to gain new customers in the
American market for quartz glass for optical
323:
could be obtained by melting rock crystal at around 2000 °C. The quartz glass produced by the company was almost entirely free of defects and was of outstanding purity. It is still used in medicine and is a highly sought-after material in manufacturing on account of its translucence and resistance to
674:
A main business unit of the
Heraeus Group is the production and processing of precious metals (e.g. platinum, gold, silver). The metals are processed, among other things, into wires or substrates for components in the automotive or electrical industries, or used in sensors that measure, for example,
318:
In 1889, the two sons of the company founder, Wilhelm and
Heinrich Heraeus, took over the management. Research and development was further pursued, and the physicist and chemist Richard Küch, a former school friend of the Heraeus brothers, joined the company in 1890. Küch's research resulted in the
285:
he developed himself. Although the process was already known, this had previously only succeeded in small quantities in the laboratory. With his gas blowpipe, Heraeus could produce enough oxyhydrogen and a large enough flame front to melt several kilograms of platinum-containing materials. This
597:
overseeing six business units was transformed into a holding company overseeing eleven so-called Global
Business Units (GBUs). For this purpose, Heraeus Precious Metals and Heraeus Materials Technology, two of the six existing business units, were dissolved and reorganized into seven GBUs.
348:, and vessels used in chemistry and physics. As early as the 19th century, platinum had already been used in locking pins to hold false teeth in place. Platinum was also used to make filaments in light bulbs and non-corrosive electrical contacts in telephones. With the development of the
534:
In 1991, a hydrogen tank exploded at the quartz glass site in Hanau, destroying large parts of the factory premises. In the same year, the company established a factory for the production of synthetic quartz glass for the manufacture of optical fibers in the chemical park in
454:. During air raids in 1944 and 1945, the company's facilities in Hanau were almost completely destroyed. Heraeus had the company's role in the Third Reich investigated in an independent scientific study at the end of the 1990s and joined the fund of the German business
324:
heat and acids. With the advent of ceramic colors, more platinum was needed for production processes, and
Heraeus started supplying products to the electrochemical and plastics industries. As the company continued to expand, it needed new premises – so in 1896, the
738:
In 2022, the group generated revenues of €29.1 billion with 17,200 employees. The
Heraeus Holding is wholly owned directly and indirectly by the founding family, with around 200 family shareholders. Jürgen Heraeus and his siblings hold 25 percent of the shares.
715:
Under the umbrella of
Heraeus Holding, the Heraeus Group operates as an international conglomerate of more than 100 individual companies in 40 countries. The headquarters and head office are in Hanau, Hesse. The group's four fields of activity are as follows:
344:. Most production at this time still involved platinum, which was used in more applications due to its chemical and physical properties. As it is also highly resistant to acids and heat, platinum was also used to make instruments such as scientific tools,
290:, supplying a variety of customers such as goldsmith workshops and jewelry factories internationally, as well as dental manufacturers, chemistry laboratories and other branches of industry. In 1857, W.C. Heraeus succeeded in producing around 30
612:, a manufacturer of medical instruments, devices, and components with more than 1100 employees. The acquisition is considered one of the largest in the company's history. This was followed in 2022 by the acquisition of PET recycling company
193:
in 1851, the company is one of the largest family-owned companies in
Germany in terms of revenue. Heraeus employs 17,200 people in 40 countries and generated a total revenue of €29.1 billion in 2022. The headquarters and head office are in
1713:"Heraeus akquiriert im In- und Ausland Investitionen aufgestockt – Bayer-Dentalgeschäft übernommen" [Heraeus acquires in Germany and abroad Investments increased – Bayer dental business acquired] (in German). 1995-10-11. p. 9.
443:, numerous workers were drafted into military service. The company employed 1,500 forced laborers from the Hanau civilian labor camp. Production shifted to electrical contacts with low densities of precious metals, catalysts, and
2011:
759:: trading, production and recycling of precious metals; manufacture of products for industry (e.g., catalysts for the production of plastics or hydrogen, coatings for PC hard disks, wires for microchips and pacemakers, etc.),
1850:"Hohe Nachfrage bei Deutschlands Endverbrauchern: Gold als sichere Wertanlage bequem online ordern" [High demand among Germany's end consumers: conveniently ordering gold online as a safe investment of value].
518:
From 1983 until 2000, Jürgen
Heraeus, son of Reinhard Heraeus who was a member of the Board of Management since 1970, headed the company in the fourth generation. Under his management, the business grew into a global
523:. For this, a far-reaching reorganization of the company took place, as well as new management structures introduced. Following the founding of Heraeus Holding GmbH in 1985, the company underwent a comprehensive
331:
Further experimentation in the platinum smelters’ laboratories resulted in a variety of inventions and new production processes. These included the production of pharmaceutical iron compounds, chemically pure
1589:"Neuordnung des Konzerns – Rekordinvestitionen. Das Familienunternehmen will beweglicher werden" [Reorganisation of the Group – record investments. The family business wants to become more agile].
593:, a Japanese company. The same year, Jan Rinnert, Jürgen Heraeus' son-in-law, took over the company's management. He oversaw yet another major corporate restructuring in 2015. The existing structure of a
1758:"W.C.Heraeus und Next Chimica und Next Project Management gründen Joint Venture in Südafrika" [W.C.Heraeus and Next Chimica and Next Project Management establish joint venture in South Africa].
2189:
1892:
1865:
567:
At the beginning of 2000, Jürgen
Heraeus took over as Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the family-owned company. For the first time, the management board did not include a family member.
845:: production of synthetic quartz glass for telecommunications e.g., quartz glass tubes and cylinders, among other things, as a preform for the production of optical fibers or optical fibers,
639:, an electronic components company. In June 2023, the business portfolio was restructured and the previous division into Global Business Units and Start-ups was replaced by the designation
531:, the group's core activities of precious metals, dental materials, quartz glass, sensors and medical technology were reorganized into five decentralized, independent management divisions.
278:, Heraeus understood the problems faced by goldsmiths. After a series of experiments, he first succeeded in melting platinum in large volumes and producing pure metal in 1856, using an
1397:
Patent DE 345161, Vacuumschmelze and Dr. Wilhelm Rohn, Verfahren zum Vakuumschmelzen und Vergueten von Metallen und Legierungen, priority date 12 January 1918, published 12 June 1921.
827:: production of miniature electronic components and assembly materials for the electrical and automotive industries (e.g., bonding wires, thick-film pastes, and conductive polymers),
1835:"Großbaustelle Heraeus Vorstandschef Rinnert krempelt Hanauer Mischkonzern um" [Major construction site at Heraeus CEO Rinnert turns Hanau-based conglomerate upside down].
455:
796:(formerly Heraeus Medical Components): Components for the medical technology industry, e.g., pacemaker components and components for the treatment of vascular diseases,
2285:
605:
in co-operation with the precious metals trader Ophirum GmbH. The platform allows retail customers to buy Heraeus precious metal bars and a variety of popular coins.
215:
The origins of the Heraeus family business go back to the 17th century. In October 1660, Isaac Heraeus (1636-1676) took over what was then the Faucque pharmacy in
2295:
2095:
319:
German Imperial Patent No. 63591 in 1891 for the gilding of platinum sheet, the first patent in the company's history. Küch then developed a process by which
870:: measurement technology such as (disposable) sensors and samplers specifically for molten metals, as well as hardware and software for systems engineering,
219:, east of Frankfurt. In 1668, he opened his own pharmacy on the market square in Hanau-Neustadt under the name "Zum weißen Einhorn", which later became the
2305:
2067:
578:. At the same time, Heraeus intensified its involvement in industrial precious metals by expanding its activities in the field of thin film materials.
352:
in 1904, Küch and Heraeus are regarded as the inventors of the UV high-pressure lamp and pioneers of body irradiation with artificial light sources for
311:
1976:
432:. Despite the turbulent times, the business continued to grow. By 1939 it employed around 1,000 people, with annual sales of around 20 million
1291:
Hielle, Ingrid (2001-06-07). "Bei Heraeus in Hanau könnten sich die Familienbande lockern" [Family ties could loosen at Heraeus in Hanau].
255:
had been processed in the town for the production of jewelry. Goldsmiths had extreme difficulty processing platinum due to its toughness and high
2164:
267:
processes using the white-hot metal. In 1851, at the age of 24, the pharmacist and chemist Wilhelm Carl Heraeus took over the Einhorn Pharmacy.
1920:
1058:
421:
1945:
675:
the sulfur content or temperature in the production of steel. Another component of the group is quartz glass used in processing for the
1068:
651:
Heraeus products are used in metal, electronics, chemistry, automotive, telecommunications or medicine. The group supplies products to
548:
839:: production of natural and synthetic quartz glass as well as ceramics and composites for the semiconductor and photonics industries,
478:, followed by full subsidiaries and international holdings as of 1972. The company subsequently set up new quartz glass factories in
2290:
1697:
1648:
1619:
1573:
1544:
1515:
1483:
1454:
1420:
1382:
1353:
1324:
1275:
1246:
1217:
1157:
570:
To exploit synergies throughout the group, Heraeus refocused its activities on core business, leading to further restructuring. The
1724:"Edelmetallverarbeiter Heraeus meldet wieder mehr Aufträge" [Precious metals processor Heraeus reports more orders again].
808:: development and manufacturing of precision glass technology, e.g., glass microspheres, powders, ingots, and specialty glasses,
1013:
373:
In 1902, Charles Engelhard (1867-1950), brother-in-law of the two Heraeus brothers, became representative of the group in the
1981:
1293:
1122:
2138:
1174:
400:
One of the most significant technical innovations in metal processing is credited to Heraeus: the melting of metals under
367:
943:
559:
1790:""Optimierung unserer Prozesse" – Heraeus will Organisationsstruktur ändern / Arbeitsplätze sollen erhalten bleiben".
2014:[The Entrepreneurial Conversation: Heraeus CEO: 'Our social and economic system is under intense pressure'].
1073:
294:
of pure platinum; between 1875 and 1879, up to 400 kilograms were sold per year, and in 1888, over 900 kilograms.
1741:"Heraeus Konzernumsatz sank um rund fünf Prozent" [Heraeus Group revenues down by around five percent].
2300:
2012:"Das Unternehmergespräch: Heraeus-Chef: 'Unser Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftssystem steht unter starkem Druck'"
31:
2040:
1808:
1036:
895:
833:: capacitors, displays, photoresists (photoresist), and conductive polymers for the semiconductor industry,
239:
2310:
2194:
2122:
1897:
1870:
1666:
1105:
676:
357:
1743:
448:
974:
540:
656:
390:
814:: development of medical wound care products composed of proprietary borate-based bioactive glass.
624:, with equal shares, to recover precious metals from spent automotive catalysts. The new company,
664:
2216:
2242:
601:
In October 2018, Heraeus extended its sales channels in Germany by opening the online platform
589:
business units, marking the first major restructuring. In 2013, Heraeus Dental was sold to the
310:
2098:[Heraeus produces cylinders from which fiber optic cables for the Internet are made].
1986:
1775:
1693:
1644:
1615:
1569:
1540:
1511:
1479:
1450:
1416:
1378:
1349:
1320:
1271:
1242:
1213:
1153:
1054:
704:
668:
536:
333:
178:
1051:
Hidden Champions of the 21st Century. The success strategies of unknown world market leaders
1040:
524:
263:. Until a melting process was discovered, platinum could only be processed by using complex
1120:
Heunemann, Falk (2017-02-15). "Es bleibt in der Familie" [It stays in the family].
297:
594:
528:
520:
363:
282:
55:
2096:"Heraeus produziert Zylinder, aus denen Glasfaserkabel fürs Internet hergestellt werden"
1078:
1047:
Hidden Champions des 21. Jahrhunderts. Die Erfolgsstrategien unbekannter Weltmarktführer
2315:
696:
174:
2279:
898:-based software products for the steel manufacturing process (minority shareholding).
652:
581:
A few years later, in 2009, the W.C. Heraeus business segment was split into the new
483:
374:
353:
256:
17:
2143:
2072:
2045:
1868:[Further US acquisition: Heraeus strengthens medical technology business].
1813:
1591:
1149:
982:
916:
495:
440:
349:
320:
1923:[BASF and Heraeus establish joint venture for precious metals recycling].
1811:[Heraeus – Precious metals group aims to grow again after restructuring].
1103:
Boehringer, Simone (2008-02-11). "Groß in der Nische" [Big in the niche].
700:
684:
680:
491:
487:
451:
417:
279:
1348:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 52–56, 62–68.
1212:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 16–25, 32–33.
888:: development of porous carbon to enhance performance of lithium-ion batteries,
802:: development and production of instruments, tools, and components in medicine,
360:
made of platinum, the principle of which is still used today in cars and ovens.
511:
433:
228:
65:
1990:
1377:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 42, 75, 81.
1773:"Heraeus-Dental jetzt bei Mitsui" [Heraeus-Dental now with Mitsui].
921:
882:: specialty light sources in wavelength ranges from ultraviolet to infrared,
660:
271:
248:
2167:[Active pharmaceutical ingredients: Heraeus and Evonik cooperate].
2070:[Argor: Heraeus takes over precious metals processor completely].
1692:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 228–235.
1643:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 183–186.
1614:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 202–204.
1568:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 150–155.
1539:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 144–149.
1510:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 120–131.
1478:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 105–113.
1415:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 105–108.
506:
44:
1726:
688:
345:
337:
291:
275:
252:
189:
and specialty light sources as well as electronic components. Founded in
2043:[Specialist for precious metals: exceptional year for Heraeus].
1449:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 92–99.
1319:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 44–52.
790:: bone cement and coatings for medical implants in surgical orthopedics,
397:. Richard Küch became a co-partner and one of three managing directors.
735:. The business activities are structured into 20 operating companies.
628:, produces recycled precious metals for high-tech industries in China.
470:
Beginning in 1958, the company founded its first sales subsidiaries in
447:
reflectors for armament-related goods such as catalytic converters for
444:
341:
264:
260:
199:
95:
631:
In April 2023, Heraeus sold its platinum temperature sensor business (
543:. Simultaneously, the company expanded internationally, especially in
620:
at the same time. Also in 2022, Heraeus founded a joint venture with
590:
471:
425:
401:
386:
231:
for a total of six generations until the middle of the 19th century.
186:
182:
1270:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. p. 40.
1241:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. p. 34.
574:
part of the company was sold in 2002, as were the group's shares in
131:
1664:"Quarzglas aus Bitterfeld" [Quartz glass from Bitterfeld].
636:
558:
505:
479:
475:
429:
362:
309:
296:
238:
224:
216:
195:
190:
91:
1921:"BASF und Heraeus gründen Joint Venture für Edelmetallrecycling"
765:: development and production of amorphous alloys and components,
621:
544:
382:
2190:"Weitere US-Übernahme: Heraeus stärkt Medizintechnik-Geschäft"
1866:"Weitere US-Übernahme: Heraeus stärkt Medizintechnik-Geschäft"
1686:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1637:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1608:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1562:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1533:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1504:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1472:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1443:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1409:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1371:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1342:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1313:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1264:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1235:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1206:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1142:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
692:
110:
2120:"Sommerfest zum Geburtstag" [Birthday summer party].
1979:[Entrepreneurial talk: 'We're not about synergies'].
699:. In the medical sector, Heraeus produces components such as
2165:"Pharmazeutische Wirkstoffe: Heraeus und Evonik kooperieren"
851:: digital printing process for metallic conductive systems,
1809:"Heraeus Edelmetallkonzern will nach Umbau wieder wachsen"
1053:] (in German). Frankfurt am Main: Campus. p. 20.
2270:
2068:"Argor: Heraeus übernimmt Edelmetallverarbeiter komplett"
1948:[Kleinostheim-based Heraeus Nexensos now Yageo].
1895:[Heraeus enters PET recycling with acquisition].
328:
was established just outside Hanau, employing 40 people.
1977:"Unternehmergespräch: 'Es geht uns nicht um Synergien'"
679:, as well as in special preforms for the production of
247:
Since the end of the 18th century, Hanau was a town of
2041:"Spezialist für Edelmetalle: Ausnahmejahr für Heraeus"
691:
range; both for industrial use, such as for hardening
462:
1945 – 1983: Internationalization after reconstruction
1690:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1641:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1612:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1566:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1537:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1508:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1476:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1447:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1413:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1375:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1346:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1317:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1268:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1239:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1210:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1146:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
683:. Heraeus also produces special light sources in the
159:
1893:"Heraeus steigt mit Übernahme bei PET-Recycling ein"
876:: metallization paste for the photovoltaic industry,
154:
141:
127:
101:
87:
79:
71:
61:
51:
551:reflected its standing as an international group.
1946:"Kleinostheimer Heraeus Nexensos ab sofort Yageo"
456:Foundation Remembrance, Responsibility and Future
424:and the collapse of the precious metal market in
777:: PET recycling company (majority shareholding).
408:which registered 84 German patents in 10 years.
1071:[20 largest German family businesses].
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
771:: production of neodymium iron boron materials,
121:Franz Haniel, Chairman of the Supervisory Board
969:
967:
965:
963:
527:in 1990. Under the umbrella of the management
671:, medical technology and the steel industry.
412:1927 – 1945: Further development and setbacks
235:1851 – 1888: Founding of the platinum smelter
173:is a German technology group with a focus on
8:
2245:[Jürgen Heraeus: Family Whisperer].
857:: development of metal and ceramic coatings.
502:1983 – 2000: Founding of the holding company
37:
356:. In 1906, Küch developed the standardized
288:W.C. Heraeus First German Platinum Smelters
1148:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich:
1069:"20 größten deutschen Familienunternehmen"
486:, followed by manufacturing facilities in
389:. In 1909, Heraeus was transformed from a
43:
36:
2010:Koenen, Jens; Müller, Anja (2022-07-24).
608:In 2021, Heraeus acquired the US company
458:for the compensation of forced laborers.
211:1660: Pharmacy as the origin of the group
743:Operating companies of the Heraeus Group
2286:Medical technology companies of Germany
908:
703:and coatings for implants, as well as
326:W.C. Heraeus Platinum Smelting Factory
2034:
2032:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1803:
1801:
1679:
1677:
1497:
1495:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1306:
1304:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1039:mentions Heraeus as an example of a '
555:Since 2001 – Growth and restructuring
422:hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic
301:Crucibles made of platinum and quartz
7:
2296:German companies established in 1851
2126:(in German). 2023-07-05. p. 15.
1779:(in German). 2013-07-02. p. 11.
1747:(in German). 2003-02-28. p. 26.
1730:(in German). 2002-04-24. p. 14.
1595:(in German). 1990-01-12. p. 18.
1135:
1133:
1098:
1096:
1094:
223:. The Einhorn Pharmacy was run as a
2243:"Jürgen Heraeus: Familienflüsterer"
2241:Machatschke, Michael (2009-08-25).
1839:(in German). 2015-09-01. p. 2.
1670:(in German). 1991-10-22. p. 1.
695:and plastics, and for disinfecting
381:, a company for refining platinum,
306:1889 – 1926: Inventions and patents
2306:Manufacturing companies of Germany
25:
1919:Scheuermann, Armin (2022-02-11).
855:Heraeus High Performance Coatings
547:. As the company grew, sales and
115:Frank Stietz, Member of the Board
118:Rolf Wetzel, Member of the Board
1975:Giersberg, Georg (2023-05-14).
1177:[Mobile in the niche].
2039:Fröndhoff, Bert (2007-11-19).
1982:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
1294:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
1123:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
514:of gold with a Heraeus imprint
1:
2137:Weber, Joachim (2006-05-29).
1173:Weber, Joachim (2006-05-29).
819:Semiconductor and Electronics
368:Exposition Universelle (1900)
286:enabled Heraeus to found the
243:The Einhorn Pharmacy in Hanau
2219:['Jürgen does it'].
587:Heraeus Materials Technology
849:Heraeus Printed Electronics
812:Engineered Tissue Solutions
626:BASF Heraeus Metal Resource
2332:
1067:Beller, Kai (2020-05-11).
886:Heraeus Battery Technology
576:Kendro Laboratory Products
494:to produce contact wires (
29:
2139:"Beweglich in der Nische"
2094:Rempe, Uwe (2017-05-03).
1175:"Beweglich in der Nische"
1074:Capital (German magazine)
439:With the outbreak of the
42:
2291:Companies based in Hesse
2271:Official Company Website
2217:"'Der Jürgen macht das'"
1854:(in German). 2018-10-11.
1762:(in German). 2002-07-24.
1297:(in German). p. 16.
1126:(in German). p. 38.
1109:(in German). p. 18.
892:Smart Steel Technologies
32:Heraeus (disambiguation)
2223:(in German). 2008-03-07
2198:(in German). 2021-12-21
2171:(in German). 2023-07-12
2076:(in German). 2017-04-03
1952:(in German). 2023-03-31
1901:(in German). 2022-05-10
1874:(in German). 2021-12-21
1817:(in German). 2015-05-05
1045:Simon, Hermann (2007).
757:Heraeus Precious Metals
653:manufacturing companies
583:Heraeus Precious Metals
406:Heraeus Vacuumschmelze,
27:German technology group
2123:Mitteldeutsche Zeitung
1684:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1667:Mitteldeutsche Zeitung
1635:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1606:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1560:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1531:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1502:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1470:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1441:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1407:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
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1204:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1140:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
975:"Heraeus Holding GmbH"
677:semiconductor industry
614:Perpetual Technologies
564:
539:(Saxony-Anhalt) after
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358:resistance thermometer
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868:Heraeus Electro-Nite
751:Metals and Recycling
718:Metals and Recycling
616:, which was renamed
541:German reunification
177:and special metals,
83:Wilhelm Carl Heraeus
30:For other uses, see
18:Heraeus Holding GmbH
2195:Süddeutsche Zeitung
1898:Süddeutsche Zeitung
1871:Süddeutsche Zeitung
1106:Süddeutsche Zeitung
825:Heraeus Electronics
711:Corporate structure
657:automotive industry
641:Operating Companies
391:general partnership
143:Number of employees
39:
1152:. pp. 13–16.
944:"Corporate Boards"
880:Heraeus Noblelight
665:telecommunications
647:Specialty Products
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521:group of companies
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434:ℛ︁ℳ︁
395:W. C. Heraeus GmbH
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603:Heraeus-Gold.de
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2251:. Retrieved
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2144:Handelsblatt
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2046:Handelsblatt
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2020:. Retrieved
2016:Handelsblatt
2015:
2005:
1994:. Retrieved
1980:
1954:. Retrieved
1949:
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1924:
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1903:. Retrieved
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1876:. Retrieved
1869:
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1852:news aktuell
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1814:Handelsblatt
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1179:Handelsblatt
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983:Handelsblatt
979:Fair Company
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927:. Retrieved
925:. 2017-04-04
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88:Headquarters
52:Company type
2249:(in German)
2221:wir Magazin
2102:(in German)
2049:(in German)
2018:(in German)
1927:(in German)
1181:(in German)
862:Industrials
733:Industrials
731:as well as
701:bone cement
572:Heraeus Med
492:Philippines
488:South Korea
416:Due to the
280:oxyhydrogen
2280:Categories
2253:2023-07-20
2227:2023-07-20
2202:2023-07-20
2175:2023-07-20
2150:2023-07-20
2106:2023-07-20
2080:2023-07-20
2053:2023-07-20
2022:2023-07-20
1996:2023-09-14
1956:2023-07-20
1931:2023-07-20
1905:2023-07-20
1878:2023-07-20
1821:2023-07-20
1185:2023-07-17
1084:2023-07-13
1065:added by:
1023:2023-07-20
988:2023-08-25
953:2023-08-25
929:2023-07-13
903:References
782:Healthcare
722:Healthcare
512:troy ounce
249:goldsmiths
103:Key people
66:Technology
1991:0174-4909
1950:Main Echo
1760:Chemie.de
922:Munzinger
747:Sources:
661:aerospace
346:crucibles
292:kilograms
272:chemistry
227:'s court
1727:Die Welt
689:infrared
663:sector,
490:and the
482:and the
338:rubidium
283:blowpipe
276:pharmacy
253:platinum
229:pharmacy
175:precious
62:Industry
1018:Heraeus
948:Heraeus
655:in the
529:holding
445:rhodium
342:caesium
265:forging
261:Celsius
206:History
200:Germany
187:sensors
185:glass,
171:Heraeus
160:heraeus
155:Website
147:16,400
128:Revenue
96:Germany
80:Founder
72:Founded
56:Private
38:Heraeus
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667:, the
659:, the
472:France
430:alloys
426:Russia
402:vacuum
387:silver
340:, and
183:quartz
149:(2023)
136:(2023)
2316:Hanau
2100:aktiv
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480:Japan
476:Italy
393:into
225:count
196:Hanau
191:Hanau
92:Hanau
1987:ISSN
1694:ISBN
1645:ISBN
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1570:ISBN
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1451:ISBN
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1154:ISBN
1055:ISBN
687:and
622:BASF
585:and
545:Asia
474:and
385:and
383:gold
274:and
251:and
162:.com
75:1851
375:USA
111:CEO
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