549:
229:
417:, prices for platinum were subject to extreme fluctuations. Heraeus therefore focused its research activities on recycling techniques, and at the same time tried to find suitable materials to replace the precious metals. At this time, Wilhelm Heinrich Heraeus and his cousin Reinhard Heraeus took over the management of the company in the third generation for almost 40 years from 1927. In this era, new physical findings were implemented by Heraeus – for example in the production of the first dental
287:
353:
487:) made of pure gold for use in semiconductor components. In 1970, Helmut Gruber, a physicist in the field of metallurgy, took over the management of the company, as well as the responsibility for the technology department across the group. He promoted activities in the field of quartz glass, precious metal chemistry and special metals as well as the establishment of subsidiaries abroad.
34:
496:
393:. Heraeus applied for a patent on this process on 12 January 1918 and was granted a German patent DE 345161. Heraeus was subsequently granted British patent GB 138648, Swiss patent CH 89145, and several French patents on the process. For a short time, Heraeus set up an independent division dedicated to this technology,
455:
During German reconstruction, the company turned its attention back to its established products and expanding new production facilities. The company re-established its network of contacts after the Second World War, allowing it to gain new customers in the
American market for quartz glass for optical
312:
could be obtained by melting rock crystal at around 2000 °C. The quartz glass produced by the company was almost entirely free of defects and was of outstanding purity. It is still used in medicine and is a highly sought-after material in manufacturing on account of its translucence and resistance to
663:
A main business unit of the
Heraeus Group is the production and processing of precious metals (e.g. platinum, gold, silver). The metals are processed, among other things, into wires or substrates for components in the automotive or electrical industries, or used in sensors that measure, for example,
307:
In 1889, the two sons of the company founder, Wilhelm and
Heinrich Heraeus, took over the management. Research and development was further pursued, and the physicist and chemist Richard Küch, a former school friend of the Heraeus brothers, joined the company in 1890. Küch's research resulted in the
274:
he developed himself. Although the process was already known, this had previously only succeeded in small quantities in the laboratory. With his gas blowpipe, Heraeus could produce enough oxyhydrogen and a large enough flame front to melt several kilograms of platinum-containing materials. This
586:
overseeing six business units was transformed into a holding company overseeing eleven so-called Global
Business Units (GBUs). For this purpose, Heraeus Precious Metals and Heraeus Materials Technology, two of the six existing business units, were dissolved and reorganized into seven GBUs.
337:, and vessels used in chemistry and physics. As early as the 19th century, platinum had already been used in locking pins to hold false teeth in place. Platinum was also used to make filaments in light bulbs and non-corrosive electrical contacts in telephones. With the development of the
523:
In 1991, a hydrogen tank exploded at the quartz glass site in Hanau, destroying large parts of the factory premises. In the same year, the company established a factory for the production of synthetic quartz glass for the manufacture of optical fibers in the chemical park in
443:. During air raids in 1944 and 1945, the company's facilities in Hanau were almost completely destroyed. Heraeus had the company's role in the Third Reich investigated in an independent scientific study at the end of the 1990s and joined the fund of the German business
313:
heat and acids. With the advent of ceramic colors, more platinum was needed for production processes, and
Heraeus started supplying products to the electrochemical and plastics industries. As the company continued to expand, it needed new premises – so in 1896, the
727:
In 2022, the group generated revenues of €29.1 billion with 17,200 employees. The
Heraeus Holding is wholly owned directly and indirectly by the founding family, with around 200 family shareholders. Jürgen Heraeus and his siblings hold 25 percent of the shares.
704:
Under the umbrella of
Heraeus Holding, the Heraeus Group operates as an international conglomerate of more than 100 individual companies in 40 countries. The headquarters and head office are in Hanau, Hesse. The group's four fields of activity are as follows:
333:. Most production at this time still involved platinum, which was used in more applications due to its chemical and physical properties. As it is also highly resistant to acids and heat, platinum was also used to make instruments such as scientific tools,
279:, supplying a variety of customers such as goldsmith workshops and jewelry factories internationally, as well as dental manufacturers, chemistry laboratories and other branches of industry. In 1857, W.C. Heraeus succeeded in producing around 30
601:, a manufacturer of medical instruments, devices, and components with more than 1100 employees. The acquisition is considered one of the largest in the company's history. This was followed in 2022 by the acquisition of PET recycling company
182:
in 1851, the company is one of the largest family-owned companies in
Germany in terms of revenue. Heraeus employs 17,200 people in 40 countries and generated a total revenue of €29.1 billion in 2022. The headquarters and head office are in
1702:"Heraeus akquiriert im In- und Ausland Investitionen aufgestockt – Bayer-Dentalgeschäft übernommen" [Heraeus acquires in Germany and abroad Investments increased – Bayer dental business acquired] (in German). 1995-10-11. p. 9.
432:, numerous workers were drafted into military service. The company employed 1,500 forced laborers from the Hanau civilian labor camp. Production shifted to electrical contacts with low densities of precious metals, catalysts, and
2000:
748:: trading, production and recycling of precious metals; manufacture of products for industry (e.g., catalysts for the production of plastics or hydrogen, coatings for PC hard disks, wires for microchips and pacemakers, etc.),
1839:"Hohe Nachfrage bei Deutschlands Endverbrauchern: Gold als sichere Wertanlage bequem online ordern" [High demand among Germany's end consumers: conveniently ordering gold online as a safe investment of value].
507:
From 1983 until 2000, Jürgen
Heraeus, son of Reinhard Heraeus who was a member of the Board of Management since 1970, headed the company in the fourth generation. Under his management, the business grew into a global
512:. For this, a far-reaching reorganization of the company took place, as well as new management structures introduced. Following the founding of Heraeus Holding GmbH in 1985, the company underwent a comprehensive
320:
Further experimentation in the platinum smelters’ laboratories resulted in a variety of inventions and new production processes. These included the production of pharmaceutical iron compounds, chemically pure
1578:"Neuordnung des Konzerns – Rekordinvestitionen. Das Familienunternehmen will beweglicher werden" [Reorganisation of the Group – record investments. The family business wants to become more agile].
582:, a Japanese company. The same year, Jan Rinnert, Jürgen Heraeus' son-in-law, took over the company's management. He oversaw yet another major corporate restructuring in 2015. The existing structure of a
1747:"W.C.Heraeus und Next Chimica und Next Project Management gründen Joint Venture in Südafrika" [W.C.Heraeus and Next Chimica and Next Project Management establish joint venture in South Africa].
2178:
1881:
1854:
556:
At the beginning of 2000, Jürgen
Heraeus took over as Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the family-owned company. For the first time, the management board did not include a family member.
834:: production of synthetic quartz glass for telecommunications e.g., quartz glass tubes and cylinders, among other things, as a preform for the production of optical fibers or optical fibers,
628:, an electronic components company. In June 2023, the business portfolio was restructured and the previous division into Global Business Units and Start-ups was replaced by the designation
520:, the group's core activities of precious metals, dental materials, quartz glass, sensors and medical technology were reorganized into five decentralized, independent management divisions.
267:, Heraeus understood the problems faced by goldsmiths. After a series of experiments, he first succeeded in melting platinum in large volumes and producing pure metal in 1856, using an
1386:
Patent DE 345161, Vacuumschmelze and Dr. Wilhelm Rohn, Verfahren zum Vakuumschmelzen und Vergueten von Metallen und Legierungen, priority date 12 January 1918, published 12 June 1921.
816:: production of miniature electronic components and assembly materials for the electrical and automotive industries (e.g., bonding wires, thick-film pastes, and conductive polymers),
1824:"Großbaustelle Heraeus Vorstandschef Rinnert krempelt Hanauer Mischkonzern um" [Major construction site at Heraeus CEO Rinnert turns Hanau-based conglomerate upside down].
444:
785:(formerly Heraeus Medical Components): Components for the medical technology industry, e.g., pacemaker components and components for the treatment of vascular diseases,
2274:
594:
in co-operation with the precious metals trader Ophirum GmbH. The platform allows retail customers to buy Heraeus precious metal bars and a variety of popular coins.
204:
The origins of the Heraeus family business go back to the 17th century. In October 1660, Isaac Heraeus (1636-1676) took over what was then the Faucque pharmacy in
2284:
2084:
308:
German Imperial Patent No. 63591 in 1891 for the gilding of platinum sheet, the first patent in the company's history. Küch then developed a process by which
859:: measurement technology such as (disposable) sensors and samplers specifically for molten metals, as well as hardware and software for systems engineering,
208:, east of Frankfurt. In 1668, he opened his own pharmacy on the market square in Hanau-Neustadt under the name "Zum weißen Einhorn", which later became the
2294:
2056:
567:. At the same time, Heraeus intensified its involvement in industrial precious metals by expanding its activities in the field of thin film materials.
341:
in 1904, Küch and Heraeus are regarded as the inventors of the UV high-pressure lamp and pioneers of body irradiation with artificial light sources for
300:
1965:
421:. Despite the turbulent times, the business continued to grow. By 1939 it employed around 1,000 people, with annual sales of around 20 million
1280:
Hielle, Ingrid (2001-06-07). "Bei Heraeus in Hanau könnten sich die Familienbande lockern" [Family ties could loosen at Heraeus in Hanau].
244:
had been processed in the town for the production of jewelry. Goldsmiths had extreme difficulty processing platinum due to its toughness and high
2153:
256:
processes using the white-hot metal. In 1851, at the age of 24, the pharmacist and chemist Wilhelm Carl Heraeus took over the Einhorn Pharmacy.
1909:
1047:
410:
1934:
664:
the sulfur content or temperature in the production of steel. Another component of the group is quartz glass used in processing for the
1057:
640:
Heraeus products are used in metal, electronics, chemistry, automotive, telecommunications or medicine. The group supplies products to
537:
828:: production of natural and synthetic quartz glass as well as ceramics and composites for the semiconductor and photonics industries,
467:, followed by full subsidiaries and international holdings as of 1972. The company subsequently set up new quartz glass factories in
2279:
1686:
1637:
1608:
1562:
1533:
1504:
1472:
1443:
1409:
1371:
1342:
1313:
1264:
1235:
1206:
1146:
559:
To exploit synergies throughout the group, Heraeus refocused its activities on core business, leading to further restructuring. The
1713:"Edelmetallverarbeiter Heraeus meldet wieder mehr Aufträge" [Precious metals processor Heraeus reports more orders again].
797:: development and manufacturing of precision glass technology, e.g., glass microspheres, powders, ingots, and specialty glasses,
1002:
362:
In 1902, Charles Engelhard (1867-1950), brother-in-law of the two Heraeus brothers, became representative of the group in the
1970:
1282:
1111:
2127:
1163:
389:
One of the most significant technical innovations in metal processing is credited to Heraeus: the melting of metals under
356:
932:
548:
1779:""Optimierung unserer Prozesse" – Heraeus will Organisationsstruktur ändern / Arbeitsplätze sollen erhalten bleiben".
2003:[The Entrepreneurial Conversation: Heraeus CEO: 'Our social and economic system is under intense pressure'].
1062:
283:
of pure platinum; between 1875 and 1879, up to 400 kilograms were sold per year, and in 1888, over 900 kilograms.
1730:"Heraeus Konzernumsatz sank um rund fünf Prozent" [Heraeus Group revenues down by around five percent].
2289:
2001:"Das Unternehmergespräch: Heraeus-Chef: 'Unser Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftssystem steht unter starkem Druck'"
20:
2029:
1797:
1025:
884:
822:: capacitors, displays, photoresists (photoresist), and conductive polymers for the semiconductor industry,
228:
2299:
2183:
2111:
1886:
1859:
1655:
1094:
665:
346:
1732:
437:
963:
529:
645:
379:
803:: development of medical wound care products composed of proprietary borate-based bioactive glass.
613:, with equal shares, to recover precious metals from spent automotive catalysts. The new company,
653:
2205:
2231:
590:
In October 2018, Heraeus extended its sales channels in Germany by opening the online platform
578:
business units, marking the first major restructuring. In 2013, Heraeus Dental was sold to the
299:
2087:[Heraeus produces cylinders from which fiber optic cables for the Internet are made].
1975:
1764:
1682:
1633:
1604:
1558:
1529:
1500:
1468:
1439:
1405:
1367:
1338:
1309:
1260:
1231:
1202:
1142:
1043:
693:
657:
525:
322:
167:
1040:
Hidden Champions of the 21st Century. The success strategies of unknown world market leaders
1029:
513:
252:. Until a melting process was discovered, platinum could only be processed by using complex
1109:
Heunemann, Falk (2017-02-15). "Es bleibt in der Familie" [It stays in the family].
286:
583:
517:
509:
352:
271:
44:
2085:"Heraeus produziert Zylinder, aus denen Glasfaserkabel fürs Internet hergestellt werden"
1067:
1036:
Hidden Champions des 21. Jahrhunderts. Die Erfolgsstrategien unbekannter Weltmarktführer
2304:
685:
163:
2268:
887:-based software products for the steel manufacturing process (minority shareholding).
641:
570:
A few years later, in 2009, the W.C. Heraeus business segment was split into the new
472:
363:
342:
245:
2132:
2061:
2034:
1857:[Further US acquisition: Heraeus strengthens medical technology business].
1802:
1580:
1138:
971:
905:
484:
429:
338:
309:
1912:[BASF and Heraeus establish joint venture for precious metals recycling].
1800:[Heraeus – Precious metals group aims to grow again after restructuring].
1092:
Boehringer, Simone (2008-02-11). "Groß in der Nische" [Big in the niche].
689:
673:
669:
480:
476:
440:
406:
268:
1337:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 52–56, 62–68.
1201:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 16–25, 32–33.
877:: development of porous carbon to enhance performance of lithium-ion batteries,
791:: development and production of instruments, tools, and components in medicine,
349:
made of platinum, the principle of which is still used today in cars and ovens.
500:
422:
217:
54:
1979:
1366:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 42, 75, 81.
1762:"Heraeus-Dental jetzt bei Mitsui" [Heraeus-Dental now with Mitsui].
910:
871:: specialty light sources in wavelength ranges from ultraviolet to infrared,
649:
260:
237:
2156:[Active pharmaceutical ingredients: Heraeus and Evonik cooperate].
2059:[Argor: Heraeus takes over precious metals processor completely].
1681:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 228–235.
1632:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 183–186.
1603:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 202–204.
1557:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 150–155.
1528:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 144–149.
1499:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 120–131.
1467:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 105–113.
1404:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 105–108.
495:
33:
1715:
677:
334:
326:
280:
264:
241:
178:
and specialty light sources as well as electronic components. Founded in
2032:[Specialist for precious metals: exceptional year for Heraeus].
1438:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 92–99.
1308:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. pp. 44–52.
779:: bone cement and coatings for medical implants in surgical orthopedics,
386:. Richard Küch became a co-partner and one of three managing directors.
724:. The business activities are structured into 20 operating companies.
617:, produces recycled precious metals for high-tech industries in China.
459:
Beginning in 1958, the company founded its first sales subsidiaries in
436:
reflectors for armament-related goods such as catalytic converters for
433:
330:
253:
249:
188:
84:
620:
In April 2023, Heraeus sold its platinum temperature sensor business (
532:. Simultaneously, the company expanded internationally, especially in
609:
at the same time. Also in 2022, Heraeus founded a joint venture with
579:
460:
414:
390:
375:
220:
for a total of six generations until the middle of the 19th century.
175:
171:
1259:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. p. 40.
1230:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich: Piper Verlag. p. 34.
563:
part of the company was sold in 2002, as were the group's shares in
120:
1653:"Quarzglas aus Bitterfeld" [Quartz glass from Bitterfeld].
625:
547:
494:
468:
464:
418:
351:
298:
285:
227:
213:
205:
184:
179:
80:
1910:"BASF und Heraeus gründen Joint Venture für Edelmetallrecycling"
754:: development and production of amorphous alloys and components,
610:
533:
371:
2179:"Weitere US-Übernahme: Heraeus stärkt Medizintechnik-Geschäft"
1855:"Weitere US-Übernahme: Heraeus stärkt Medizintechnik-Geschäft"
1675:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1626:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1597:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1551:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1522:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1493:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1461:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1432:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1398:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1360:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1331:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1302:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1253:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1224:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1195:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
1131:
Heraeus – Ein Familienunternehmen schreibt Industriegeschichte
681:
99:
2109:"Sommerfest zum Geburtstag" [Birthday summer party].
1968:[Entrepreneurial talk: 'We're not about synergies'].
688:. In the medical sector, Heraeus produces components such as
2154:"Pharmazeutische Wirkstoffe: Heraeus und Evonik kooperieren"
840:: digital printing process for metallic conductive systems,
1798:"Heraeus Edelmetallkonzern will nach Umbau wieder wachsen"
1042:] (in German). Frankfurt am Main: Campus. p. 20.
2259:
2057:"Argor: Heraeus übernimmt Edelmetallverarbeiter komplett"
1937:[Kleinostheim-based Heraeus Nexensos now Yageo].
1884:[Heraeus enters PET recycling with acquisition].
317:
was established just outside Hanau, employing 40 people.
1966:"Unternehmergespräch: 'Es geht uns nicht um Synergien'"
668:, as well as in special preforms for the production of
236:
Since the end of the 18th century, Hanau was a town of
2030:"Spezialist für Edelmetalle: Ausnahmejahr für Heraeus"
680:
range; both for industrial use, such as for hardening
451:
1945 – 1983: Internationalization after reconstruction
1679:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1630:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1601:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1555:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1526:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1497:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1465:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1436:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1402:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1364:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1335:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1306:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1257:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1228:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1199:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
1135:
Heraeus – A family business writes industrial history
672:. Heraeus also produces special light sources in the
148:
1882:"Heraeus steigt mit Übernahme bei PET-Recycling ein"
865:: metallization paste for the photovoltaic industry,
143:
130:
116:
90:
76:
68:
60:
50:
40:
540:reflected its standing as an international group.
1935:"Kleinostheimer Heraeus Nexensos ab sofort Yageo"
445:Foundation Remembrance, Responsibility and Future
413:and the collapse of the precious metal market in
766:: PET recycling company (majority shareholding).
397:which registered 84 German patents in 10 years.
1060:[20 largest German family businesses].
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
987:
760:: production of neodymium iron boron materials,
110:Franz Haniel, Chairman of the Supervisory Board
958:
956:
954:
952:
516:in 1990. Under the umbrella of the management
660:, medical technology and the steel industry.
401:1927 – 1945: Further development and setbacks
224:1851 – 1888: Founding of the platinum smelter
162:is a German technology group with a focus on
8:
2234:[Jürgen Heraeus: Family Whisperer].
846:: development of metal and ceramic coatings.
491:1983 – 2000: Founding of the holding company
26:
345:. In 1906, Küch developed the standardized
277:W.C. Heraeus First German Platinum Smelters
1137:] (in German) (1st ed.). Munich:
1058:"20 größten deutschen Familienunternehmen"
475:, followed by manufacturing facilities in
378:. In 1909, Heraeus was transformed from a
32:
25:
1999:Koenen, Jens; Müller, Anja (2022-07-24).
597:In 2021, Heraeus acquired the US company
447:for the compensation of forced laborers.
200:1660: Pharmacy as the origin of the group
732:Operating companies of the Heraeus Group
2275:Medical technology companies of Germany
897:
692:and coatings for implants, as well as
315:W.C. Heraeus Platinum Smelting Factory
2023:
2021:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1792:
1790:
1668:
1666:
1486:
1484:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1295:
1293:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1028:mentions Heraeus as an example of a '
544:Since 2001 – Growth and restructuring
411:hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic
290:Crucibles made of platinum and quartz
7:
2285:German companies established in 1851
2115:(in German). 2023-07-05. p. 15.
1768:(in German). 2013-07-02. p. 11.
1736:(in German). 2003-02-28. p. 26.
1719:(in German). 2002-04-24. p. 14.
1584:(in German). 1990-01-12. p. 18.
1124:
1122:
1087:
1085:
1083:
212:. The Einhorn Pharmacy was run as a
2232:"Jürgen Heraeus: Familienflüsterer"
2230:Machatschke, Michael (2009-08-25).
1828:(in German). 2015-09-01. p. 2.
1659:(in German). 1991-10-22. p. 1.
684:and plastics, and for disinfecting
370:, a company for refining platinum,
295:1889 – 1926: Inventions and patents
2295:Manufacturing companies of Germany
14:
1908:Scheuermann, Armin (2022-02-11).
844:Heraeus High Performance Coatings
536:. As the company grew, sales and
104:Frank Stietz, Member of the Board
107:Rolf Wetzel, Member of the Board
1964:Giersberg, Georg (2023-05-14).
1166:[Mobile in the niche].
2028:Fröndhoff, Bert (2007-11-19).
1971:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
1283:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
1112:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
503:of gold with a Heraeus imprint
1:
2126:Weber, Joachim (2006-05-29).
1162:Weber, Joachim (2006-05-29).
808:Semiconductor and Electronics
357:Exposition Universelle (1900)
275:enabled Heraeus to found the
232:The Einhorn Pharmacy in Hanau
2208:['Jürgen does it'].
576:Heraeus Materials Technology
838:Heraeus Printed Electronics
801:Engineered Tissue Solutions
615:BASF Heraeus Metal Resource
2321:
1056:Beller, Kai (2020-05-11).
875:Heraeus Battery Technology
565:Kendro Laboratory Products
483:to produce contact wires (
18:
2128:"Beweglich in der Nische"
2083:Rempe, Uwe (2017-05-03).
1164:"Beweglich in der Nische"
1063:Capital (German magazine)
428:With the outbreak of the
31:
2280:Companies based in Hesse
2260:Official Company Website
2206:"'Der Jürgen macht das'"
1843:(in German). 2018-10-11.
1751:(in German). 2002-07-24.
1286:(in German). p. 16.
1115:(in German). p. 38.
1098:(in German). p. 18.
881:Smart Steel Technologies
21:Heraeus (disambiguation)
2212:(in German). 2008-03-07
2187:(in German). 2021-12-21
2160:(in German). 2023-07-12
2065:(in German). 2017-04-03
1941:(in German). 2023-03-31
1890:(in German). 2022-05-10
1863:(in German). 2021-12-21
1806:(in German). 2015-05-05
1034:Simon, Hermann (2007).
746:Heraeus Precious Metals
642:manufacturing companies
572:Heraeus Precious Metals
395:Heraeus Vacuumschmelze,
16:German technology group
2112:Mitteldeutsche Zeitung
1673:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1656:Mitteldeutsche Zeitung
1624:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1595:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1549:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1520:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1491:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1459:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1430:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1396:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1358:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1329:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1300:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1251:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1222:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1193:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
1129:Schrank, Ralf (2001).
964:"Heraeus Holding GmbH"
666:semiconductor industry
603:Perpetual Technologies
553:
528:(Saxony-Anhalt) after
504:
359:
347:resistance thermometer
304:
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1733:Frankfurter Rundschau
863:Heraeus Photovoltaics
552:Jürgen Heraeus (2017)
551:
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368:Engelhard Corporation
355:
343:medical light therapy
302:
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857:Heraeus Electro-Nite
740:Metals and Recycling
707:Metals and Recycling
605:, which was renamed
530:German reunification
166:and special metals,
72:Wilhelm Carl Heraeus
19:For other uses, see
2184:Süddeutsche Zeitung
1887:Süddeutsche Zeitung
1860:Süddeutsche Zeitung
1095:Süddeutsche Zeitung
814:Heraeus Electronics
700:Corporate structure
646:automotive industry
630:Operating Companies
380:general partnership
132:Number of employees
28:
1141:. pp. 13–16.
933:"Corporate Boards"
869:Heraeus Noblelight
654:telecommunications
636:Specialty Products
554:
510:group of companies
505:
423:ℛ︁ℳ︁
384:W. C. Heraeus GmbH
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168:medical technology
1049:978-3-593-38380-4
764:Revalyu Resources
658:chemical industry
607:Revalyu Resources
538:operating profits
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323:hydrofluoric acid
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514:decentralization
430:Second World War
366:and founded the
248:of 1770 degrees
210:Einhorn Pharmacy
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1030:hidden champion
1024:
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1003:"About Heraeus"
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789:Norwood Medical
783:Heraeus Medevio
777:Heraeus Medical
734:
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702:
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599:Norwood Medical
592:Heraeus-Gold.de
584:holding company
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2240:. Retrieved
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2133:Handelsblatt
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2062:Handelsblatt
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2035:Handelsblatt
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2009:. Retrieved
2005:Handelsblatt
2004:
1994:
1983:. Retrieved
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1943:. Retrieved
1938:
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1918:. Retrieved
1913:
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1885:
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1865:. Retrieved
1858:
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1841:news aktuell
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1808:. Retrieved
1803:Handelsblatt
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1168:Handelsblatt
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972:Handelsblatt
968:Fair Company
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914:. 2017-04-04
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303:Richard Küch
276:
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77:Headquarters
41:Company type
2238:(in German)
2210:wir Magazin
2091:(in German)
2038:(in German)
2007:(in German)
1916:(in German)
1170:(in German)
851:Industrials
722:Industrials
720:as well as
690:bone cement
561:Heraeus Med
481:Philippines
477:South Korea
405:Due to the
269:oxyhydrogen
2269:Categories
2242:2023-07-20
2216:2023-07-20
2191:2023-07-20
2164:2023-07-20
2139:2023-07-20
2095:2023-07-20
2069:2023-07-20
2042:2023-07-20
2011:2023-07-20
1985:2023-09-14
1945:2023-07-20
1920:2023-07-20
1894:2023-07-20
1867:2023-07-20
1810:2023-07-20
1174:2023-07-17
1073:2023-07-13
1054:added by:
1012:2023-07-20
977:2023-08-25
942:2023-08-25
918:2023-07-13
892:References
771:Healthcare
711:Healthcare
501:troy ounce
238:goldsmiths
92:Key people
55:Technology
1980:0174-4909
1939:Main Echo
1749:Chemie.de
911:Munzinger
736:Sources:
650:aerospace
335:crucibles
281:kilograms
261:chemistry
216:'s court
1716:Die Welt
678:infrared
652:sector,
479:and the
471:and the
327:rubidium
272:blowpipe
265:pharmacy
242:platinum
218:pharmacy
164:precious
51:Industry
1007:Heraeus
937:Heraeus
644:in the
518:holding
434:rhodium
331:caesium
254:forging
250:Celsius
195:History
189:Germany
176:sensors
174:glass,
160:Heraeus
149:heraeus
144:Website
136:16,400
117:Revenue
85:Germany
69:Founder
61:Founded
45:Private
27:Heraeus
1978:
1685:
1636:
1607:
1561:
1532:
1503:
1471:
1442:
1408:
1370:
1341:
1312:
1263:
1234:
1205:
1145:
1046:
795:Mo-Sci
656:, the
648:, the
461:France
419:alloys
415:Russia
391:vacuum
376:silver
329:, and
172:quartz
138:(2023)
125:(2023)
2305:Hanau
2089:aktiv
1677:[
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626:Yageo
624:) to
469:Japan
465:Italy
382:into
214:count
185:Hanau
180:Hanau
81:Hanau
1976:ISSN
1683:ISBN
1634:ISBN
1605:ISBN
1559:ISBN
1530:ISBN
1501:ISBN
1469:ISBN
1440:ISBN
1406:ISBN
1368:ISBN
1339:ISBN
1310:ISBN
1261:ISBN
1232:ISBN
1203:ISBN
1143:ISBN
1044:ISBN
676:and
611:BASF
574:and
534:Asia
463:and
374:and
372:gold
263:and
240:and
151:.com
64:1851
364:USA
100:CEO
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2130:.
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1954:^
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1665:^
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1420:^
1292:^
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1121:^
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