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of the actual mating taking place. The actual mating of the spiders is assumed to happen in the same fashion as it does with other closely related mygalomorphs. There has been one recorded sighting of the behaviours leading up to mating, although the actual mating was unsuccessful; it was observed that as the male approached the female's burrow he outstretched his front pair of legs, exposing his reproductive organs, then whilst vibrating his outstretched legs he moved toward the female. In this instance the female was unresponsive to the male's advances, and nothing eventuated from the encounter. When a female is impregnated she lays her eggs in early to mid summer, wrapping them in a loose silk egg sack that is stored near the entrance of her burrow. In approximately thirty days the spiderlings hatch and stay nearby in the mother's web before leaving to construct their own silky tunnel web close by. There is a lack of information on the actual lifespan of the spiders, although the lifespan of the males and females differ greatly. Once leaving their mother the males only have a matter of months to find a mate before they die, but females have been known to live up to six years in captivity, being able to moult their skin and reproduce multiple times.
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sinks and bathtubs, as they may wander inside a home in search for a mate, fall in and become trapped. It is during this time when males are searching for a mate that they are most commonly seen. Although the bite from the banded tunnelweb spider does not cause any severe health complications for humans, it is very closely related to the
Australian funnelweb spider, which can be dangerous. Throughout the world there are 85 known species of tunnelweb spider, 25 of those are found in New Zealand.
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captured it is dragged into the tunnel. From inspecting the remains found in their dwellings it has been observed that their diet consists mainly of beetles, millipedes and slaters, although they will attack and eat most arthropods. They have also been known to eat snails. Despite the armored defenses of a snail the banded tunnelweb spider are able to bite and drag them into their tunnels.
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Little is known about the mating habits and reproductive timing of the banded tunnelweb spider, as it has proven difficult to observe them mating inside their silk tunnel constructs. It is assumed that mating takes place inside the burrow of the female spider, although there are no reported sightings
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As the banded tunnelweb spider is a relatively undocumented species, there is little to no information on the parasite species that live on the banded tunnelweb spider and the family
Hexathelidae. It is known that rodents sometimes eat hexathelid spiders, although this is rare due to their sometimes
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Banded tunnelweb spiders are often found on and under rocks and logs, but are predominantly found in small holes in tree trunks and rocks in which they build a silk tunnel. It is in these holes that they sit and wait for prey to move past the entrance, quickly striking at the opportunity for a meal.
260:
to New
Zealand. The easiest way to distinguish a banded tunnelweb spider is to look for the chevron design on its abdomen. The chevron pattern is described as being yellowish, whilst the rest of the abdomen is a darker brown colour. They also have an orange-brown carapace, and six spinnerets. It is
385:
The banded tunnelweb spider is not dangerous to humans, although its bite can be painful; its venom does not affect people and will only cause some soreness and inflammation. Although large in size, the banded tunnelweb spider is extremely shy. Male banded tunnelweb spiders are sometimes found in
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Tunnel-dwelling spiders are found throughout New
Zealand in a range of habitats including the coastlines, bushlines and mountainous areas. Specifically, the banded tunnelweb spider is most common in the upper north island of New Zealand, although they are also sometimes found further south. Other
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Banded tunnelweb spiders are known to eat most types of small insects, waiting in the tunnel that they have constructed for prey to walk past the opening. At the entrance to their tunnel, they construct a swathe of silk, which serves as an indicator to when prey is moving past. Once an insect is
278:. Mygalomorphs are a relatively ancient kind of spider that have downward pointing fangs, which have been compared to pick axes. When biting, a tunnelweb spider will press down with these fangs rather than pince together laterally, a trait that is helpful when identifying the spider.
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They are rarely seen outside these holes, and it is rare to see a female roaming about unless it is moving from one hole to another. Males can be seen roaming around when they are searching for a mate.
271:, as they only have four spinnerets. Female banded tunnelweb spider eyes occupy around half their head space, whereas males differ, having slightly smaller lateral eyes.
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closely related species of
Hexathelidae are found further south, but the banded tunnelweb spider is most common in the upper north island of New Zealand.
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painful bite. They are also hard to catch as they are usually very reclusive and will retreat inside their burrow at any sign of movement.
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Ausserer, A. (1871). "Beiträge zur
Kenntniss der Arachniden-Familie der Territelariae Thorell (Mygalidae Autor)".
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The banded tunnelweb spider is endemic to New
Zealand. Two genera of hexathelids are found in New Zealand,
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Sirvid, P. J.; Vink, C. J.; Fitzgerald, B. M.; Wakelin, M. D.; Rolfe, J.; Michel, P. (2020-01-01).
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Verhandlungen der
Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien
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Forster, R.R & Wilton, C.L. (1968). "The
Spiders of New Zealand: Part II".
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Taranaki
Educational Resource Research Analysis and Information Network
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633:"Conservation status of New Zealand Araneae (spiders), 2020"
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was first was described by the Austrian arachnologist
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Banded tunnelweb spiders are part of the infraorder
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576:. Dunedin, New Zealand: University of Otago Press.
261:these six spinnerets that ultimately distinguish
574:Spiders of New Zealand: And Their Worldwide Kin
293:in 1871, and placed in his newly created genus
377:, this species is listed as "Not Threatened".
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530:. North Shore, New Zealand: Penguin Books.
458:. North Shore, New Zealand: Penguin Books.
265:from other genera of Hexathelidae, such as
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572:Forster, R.R. & Forster, L.M. (1999).
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16:Banded tunnelweb spider from New Zealand
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813:7bf57171-1b27-4583-bdda-dfc3c9bcc66f
360:Predators, parasites, and diseases
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849:urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:000167
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877:Endemic spiders of New Zealand
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417:. Natural History Museum Bern
252:The banded tunnelweb spider (
480:"Tunnelweb spider (Banded)
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599:Otago Museum Bulletin No.2
882:Spiders described in 1871
528:Which New Zealand Spider?
303:Ferdinand von Hochstetter
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73:Scientific classification
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454:Fairweather, B. (2008).
313:Distribution and habitat
220:, commonly known as the
24:Banded tunnelweb spider
297:. The specific epithet
222:banded tunnelweb spider
712:Hexathele_hochstetteri
698:Hexathele hochstetteri
668:Hexathele hochstetteri
482:Hexathele hochstetteri
456:Spiders in New Zealand
409:Hexathele hochstetteri
287:Hexethele hochstetteri
263:Hexathele hochstetteri
254:Hexathele hochstetteri
240:, and uncommon on the
236:. It is common on the
217:Hexathele hochstetteri
202:Hexathele hochstetteri
415:World Spider Catalog
184:H. hochstetteri
369:Conservation status
333:Habitat preferences
45:Conservation status
526:Crowe, A. (2007).
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821:Open Tree of Life
660:Taxon identifiers
583:978-1-877372-13-1
537:978-0-14-300643-5
465:978-0-14-300944-3
381:Other information
351:Diet and foraging
307:Novara expedition
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59:Not Threatened
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491:. Retrieved
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299:hochstetteri
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242:South Island
238:North Island
230:Hexathelidae
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160:Hexathelidae
146:Infraorder:
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759:iNaturalist
692:Wikispecies
323:Porrhothele
268:Porrhothele
248:Description
234:New Zealand
120:Chelicerata
116:Subphylum:
866:Categories
620:: 117–224.
493:2016-05-03
421:2016-04-10
390:References
373:Under the
342:Life cycle
110:Arthropoda
872:Hexathele
319:Hexathele
295:Hexethele
178:Species:
171:Hexathele
130:Arachnida
96:Kingdom:
90:Eukaryota
777:10024816
683:Q2115751
677:Wikidata
601:: 1–180.
301:honours
282:Taxonomy
156:Family:
106:Phylum:
100:Animalia
86:Domain:
836:2047668
826:3575853
803:2065431
751:2145102
646:: 1–37.
258:endemic
224:, is a
166:Genus:
140:Araneae
136:Order:
126:Class:
61: (
38:Female
833:uBio:
810:NZOR:
790:857847
764:390475
738:893002
580:
534:
462:
226:spider
63:NZ TCS
772:IRMNG
725:3LGV8
636:(PDF)
798:NCBI
785:ITIS
746:GBIF
578:ISBN
532:ISBN
460:ISBN
321:and
844:WSC
733:EoL
720:CoL
707:ADW
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65:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
