65:
which is more similar to how celluloid works. The field rate of analog television and video systems was typically 50 or 60 fields per second. Usage of frame rates higher than 24 fps for feature motion pictures and higher than 30 fps for other applications are emerging trends. Filmmakers
91:
recording, 24 fps became the industry standard frame rate for capture and projection of motion pictures. 24 fps was chosen because it was the minimum frame rate that would produce adequate sound quality. This was done because film was expensive, and using the lowest possible frame rate
342:
Filmmakers may originate their projects at 120, 240 or 300 fps so that it may be evenly pulled down to various multiple differing frame rates for distribution, such as 25, 30, 50, and 60 fps for video and 24, 48 or 60 fps for cinematic theater. The same is also done when creating
334:
of the picture, creating new computer generated frames between each two key frames and running them at higher refresh rate. Similar computer programs allow for that as well but with higher precision and better quality as the computing power of the PC has grown, either realtime or
329:
Some media players are capable of showing arbitrarily high framerates and almost all computers and smart devices can handle such formats as well. In recent years some televisions have the ability to take normal 24 fps videos and "upconvert" them to HFR content by
164:
has published a document outlining recommended practice for high frame rate digital cinema. This document outlines the frame rates and resolutions that can be used in high frame rate digital theatrical presentations with currently available equipment.
86:
used 16 fps. This had to do with a combination of the use of a hand crank rather than a motor, which created variable frame rates because of the inconsistency of the cranking of the film through the camera. After the introduction of
168:
In the case of cinema shot on film, as opposed to (whether analog or digital) video, HFR offers an additional benefit beyond temporal smoothness and motion blur. Especially for stationary subject matter, when shot with sufficiently
244:
trilogy, which used 48 frames per second, the picture shot and projected selected scenes in 120 frames per second, which is five times faster than the 24 frames per second standard used in
Hollywood. Lee's 2019
318:. ~50 or ~60 frames per second have been universal in television and video equipment, broadcast, and storage standards since their inception. Support for native 120 fps content is a primary feature of new
53:
The frame rate for motion picture film cameras was typically 24 frames per second (fps) with multiple flashes on each frame during projection to prevent flicker. Analog television and video employed
61:) was recorded and played back/refreshed at once but at twice the rate of what would be allowed for progressive video of the same bandwidth, resulting in smoother playback, as opposed to
302:
released on
December 16, 2022 with a dynamic frame rate. Some scenes are displayed up to 48 fps, while others are displayed in a more traditional, slower rate.
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Usually, cameras (including those in mobile phones) historically had two ways of encoding high framerate (or slow motion) video into the video file: the
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143:, was shot and projected at 48 fps. IMAX HD has also been used in film-based theme park attractions, including Disney's
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may capture their projects in a high frame rate so that it can be evenly converted to multiple lower rates for distribution.
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in
December 2012, used a shooting and projection frame rate of 48 frames per second, becoming the first feature film with a
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A few film formats have experimented with frame rates higher than the 24 fps standard. The original 3-strip
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227:, followed suit. All films also have versions which are converted and projected at 24 fps.
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625:"Showeast 2012: Major Exhibitors Sign for High Frame-Rate 'Hobbit' Despite Format Challenges"
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the image's spatial resolution beyond the minimum fineness of individual grains when viewed.
417:
155:
119:
62:
54:
735:"'Avatar: The Way of Water' Footage Debuts in 3D High Frame Rate at D23 to Mixed Results"
483:
462:
578:"After 3D, here is the future of film | Roger Ebert's Journal | Roger Ebert"
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Even when shot on film, frame rates higher than 24 fps and 30 fps are quite common in
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653:"Ang Lee to Unveil 'Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk' in 120 Frames-Per-Second 4K 3D"
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344:
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58:
17:
707:"James Cameron 'Fully Intends' to Make 'Avatar 2 and 3' at Higher Frame Rates"
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In early 2022, Cameron announced that HFR conversions for his previous films,
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170:
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103:
88:
75:
47:
810:"James Cameron thinks his Avatar sequel cracks high frame rate technology"
681:"Gemini Man to Premiere in 120 fps High Frame Rate at TCL Chinese Theatre"
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315:
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100:
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Other filmmakers who intend to use the high frame rate format include
35:
31:
439:"The history of frame rates; why speeds vary | Vanilla Video"
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sequences and is sometimes referred to as "overcranking."
788:"AVATAR AND TITANIC TO BE REMASTERED WITH TRUECUT MOTION"
251:
was also shot and distributed in 120 frames per second.
99:
features of the 1950s ran at 26 fps. The first two
603:"High Frame Rates Digital Cinema Recommended Practice"
527:"The NFB and World Fairs, pt. 4: Seville and Expo 92"
158:
at 48 fps, but was never commercially deployed.
761:"Andy Serkis to Direct Adaptation of 'Animal Farm'"
82:'s early films were shot at 40 fps, while the
359:Slow motion § Video file recording methods
118:(1956) were shot and projected at 30 fps.
74:In early cinema history, there was no standard
27:Higher frame rates than typical prior practice
8:
505:"Showscan: The Best 70mm I have ever seen"
177:in each frame at higher rates effectively
414:"Silent Films: What Was the Right Speed?"
224:The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies
173:, the physically random repositioning of
57:where only half of the image (known as a
405:
759:Carolyn Giardina (October 19, 2012).
623:Carolyn Giardina (November 7, 2012).
126:film format operated at 60 fps.
7:
580:. Blogs.suntimes.com. Archived from
556:"IMAX Corporation – Company History"
92:would use the least amount of film.
30:In motion picture technology—either
705:Carolyn Giardina (March 30, 2011).
679:Boxoffice Staff (October 3, 2019).
218:The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug
191:List of films with high frame rates
733:Taylor, Drew (10 September 2022).
25:
525:St-Pierre, Marc (July 23, 2010).
208:The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey
872:Ultra-high-definition television
320:Ultra-high-definition television
70:History of frame rates in cinema
651:Adam Chitwood (March 7, 2016).
237:Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk
1:
535:National Film Board of Canada
50:than typical prior practice.
834:"Intro to Slow Motion Video"
353:Video file recording methods
862:Motion picture film formats
790:. PR Newswire. 19 July 2022
576:Ebert, Roger (2013-10-30).
484:"The Todd-AO / 70mm Wing 1"
215:to do so. Its 2013 sequel,
115:Around the World in 80 Days
898:
356:
188:
185:Usage in the film industry
162:Digital Cinema Initiatives
507:. In70mm.com. 2011-06-26
332:interpolating the motion
299:Avatar: The Way of Water
145:Soarin' Over California
766:The Hollywood Reporter
712:The Hollywood Reporter
630:The Hollywood Reporter
867:Television technology
558:. Fundinguniverse.com
395:Variable refresh rate
294:, were in the works.
269:in his adaptation of
390:Motion interpolation
882:Video game hardware
840:. October 11, 2019.
814:uk.movies.yahoo.com
486:. Widescreen Museum
465:. Widescreen Museum
463:"The Cinerama Wing"
46:) refers to higher
322:standards such as
316:in-game cinematics
306:Out of the cinema
221:and 2014 sequel,
205:, beginning with
63:progressive video
16:(Redirected from
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443:vanillavideo.com
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416:. Archived from
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366:real-time method
141:Seville Expo '92
120:Douglas Trumbull
84:Lumière Brothers
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420:on July 8, 2011
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139:, presented at
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40:high frame rate
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18:High Frame Rate
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357:Main article:
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154:48 format ran
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877:Video formats
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584:on 2013-04-06
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372:menial method
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271:George Orwell
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256:James Cameron
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196:Peter Jackson
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150:The proposed
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80:Thomas Edison
78:established.
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33:
19:
837:
828:
817:. Retrieved
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792:. Retrieved
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770:. Retrieved
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742:. Retrieved
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728:
716:. Retrieved
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688:. Retrieved
685:boxofficepro
684:
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662:. Retrieved
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634:. Retrieved
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607:. Retrieved
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586:. Retrieved
582:the original
571:
560:. Retrieved
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538:. Retrieved
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520:
509:. Retrieved
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488:. Retrieved
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467:. Retrieved
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446:. Retrieved
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422:. Retrieved
418:the original
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213:wide release
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113:
107:
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39:
29:
838:RED Support
772:November 8,
739:thewrap.com
718:November 8,
690:October 12,
664:January 19,
636:November 8,
531:NFB.ca Blog
385:High-motion
345:slow motion
276:Animal Farm
267:Andy Serkis
203:film series
179:oversamples
175:film grains
112:(1955) and
89:synch sound
59:video field
55:interlacing
48:frame rates
857:Home video
851:Categories
819:2022-12-16
609:2013-11-04
588:2013-11-04
562:2010-07-03
511:2013-11-04
490:2013-11-04
469:2013-11-04
448:2017-04-19
424:2013-11-04
401:References
248:Gemini Man
242:The Hobbit
201:The Hobbit
189:See also:
171:fast stock
156:35 mm film
152:Maxivision
106:features,
76:frame rate
794:21 August
744:7 October
240:. Unlike
234:released
230:In 2016,
122:'s 70 mm
109:Oklahoma!
658:Collider
540:June 12,
379:See also
369:and the
324:ATSC 3.0
312:TV drama
136:Momentum
124:Showscan
97:Cinerama
337:offline
291:Titanic
263:sequels
258:in his
232:Ang Lee
131:IMAX HD
101:Todd-AO
285:Avatar
261:Avatar
133:film
104:70 mm
36:video
796:2022
774:2012
746:2022
720:2012
692:2019
666:2019
638:2012
542:2012
314:and
288:and
265:and
129:The
32:film
326:.
273:'s
198:'s
44:HFR
34:or
853::
836:.
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42:(
38:—
20:)
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