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processes that have occurred in a specific geological setting. Alluvium is sand, clay, or other similar detrital material deposited by running water. The distinction between colluvium and alluvium relates to the involvement of running water. Alluvium specifically refers to the geomorphic processes
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change based on the paleosols and the remains of plants and animals, invertebrate and vertebrates that they often contain. These fossils indicate previous geologic and environmental settings. Thick accumulations of colluvium often contain well-preserved and sometimes deeply buried archaeological
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refers to the buildup of colluvium at the base of a hillslope. Colluvium is typically loosely consolidated angular material located at the base of a steep hill slope or cliff. Colluvium accumulates as gently sloping aprons or fans, either at the base of or within gullies and hollows within
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and so can indicate past stages of cooler and/or wetter weather. Deposits of detrital colluvium can reveal the soil composition and signify processes of chemical weathering.
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in water currents and eventually deposited. For these same reasons, alluvium is also generally well sorted material while colluvium is not.
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fragments of various sizes. This term is also used to specifically refer to sediment deposited at the base of a hillslope by unconcentrated
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are interdependent and reliant on one another. Distinctions between the two are important in order to properly define the
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involved with flowing water and so alluvium is generally fine-grained clay and silt material that has the capacity to be
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in A. S. Goodie, ed., pp. 173, Encyclopedia of
Geomorphology Volume 1, A–I. Routledge, New York, New York. 1200 pp.
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hillslopes. These accumulations of colluvium can be several meters in thickness and often contain buried soils (
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that have been deposited at the base of hillslopes by either rainwash, sheetwash, slow continuous
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The
Cherokee Excavations: Holocene Ecology and Human Adaptations in Northwestern Iowa.
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Research Series. vol. 8. Center for
American Archeology, Kampsville, Illinois.
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Thick accumulations of colluvium may preserve a rich record of long term
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283:"colluvium | rock detritus and soil accumulated at the foot of a slope"
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141:. Colluvium can also be rocks that have been transported downward from
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Loose, unconsolidated sediments deposited at the base of a hillslope
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Koster site archaeology I: stratigraphy and landscape evolution.
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American
Geological Institute, Alexandria, Virginia. 800 pp.
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219:Jackson, JA, J Mehl, and K. Neuendorf (2005)
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324:Soil Analysis Support System for Archaeology
312:Field Analysis:Is this a colluvial deposit
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89:accumulation is an example of colluvium
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255:Anderson, D, and HA Semken (1980)
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153:The definitions of colluvium and
176:Colluvium-filled bedrock hollow
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125:deposits as excavated at the
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259:Academic Press, New York.
34:Erosion on Koh Tao Island
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139:Greene County, Illinois
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131:Cherokee County, Iowa
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149:Compared to alluvium
221:Glossary of Geology
127:Cherokee Sewer Site
329:2013-02-25 at the
318:2019-06-08 at the
242:Goodie, AS (2003)
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109:Mass wasting
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135:Koster Site
341:Categories
292:2015-12-13
207:References
159:geomorphic
133:, and the
116:Importance
244:Colluvium
164:entrained
99:paleosols
69:or sheet
51:sediments
39:Colluvium
327:Archived
316:Archived
196:Illuvium
181:Diluvium
170:See also
155:alluvium
143:glaciers
77:Location
18:Hillwash
191:Erosion
186:Eluvium
71:erosion
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41:(also
201:Scree
87:talus
85:This
225:ISBN
63:rock
59:silt
61:to
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