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It is a common practice for the elders of
Indigenous communities to pass on secrets only to members deemed "worthy". One of the "dissidents" testified before the commission that when growing up she did not believe any sacred tribal secrets still existed as she knew of none. In middle age she was told
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truth. His enquiries were likely not directed towards secrets held by female members of the tribe. Connie
Roberts, who was born in 1919 and was one of the elders who had allegedly passed the "women’s business" on to Doreen Kartinyeri, was asked about talking about such things with an anthropologist:
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None of the dissident women were able to take their claims of fabrication further than their own lack of knowledge of the beliefs. Several admitted that they had no knowledge of any
Ngarrindjerri culture or traditions at all. Some admitted that it was not unreasonable for only a limited number of
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mentioned the existence of a secret life for
Ngarrindjeri women. Cultural geographer Dr Jane Jacobs argued that these publications needed to be seen as a product of their times. In the case of Berndt, we are assuming a male anthropologist walking into an Aboriginal community in the 1940s got the
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Controversy plagued the work of the Royal
Commission. The 'proponent women' refused to give evidence to the Commission; 'dissident' Ngarrindjeri women claimed threats and intimidation; Ngarrindjeri elder, Doug Milera reportedly withdrew his allegations that the 'secret women's business' had been
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women reportedly said that they did not believe in or had never heard of the 'secret women's business' until it had been raised by Doreen
Kartinyeri. In June 1995 there were further allegations that two prominent members of the Ngarrindjeri community – Doug and Sarah Milera – had confirmed the
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a few secrets and was surprised to find that her husband had already been told them as a boy but could not speak of them in her presence until she had also been told. She also admitted being told by the elders she was not yet ready to receive more.
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women to be privy to traditional secrets. One took the position that they saw no point in living in the past even if the claims were true. The women all identified themselves as
Christians and it has been suggested some saw
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looking at "the whole of the evidence, including the history of events, the anthropological evidence and the evidence of the dissident women, ... the whole claim of the 'women's business' from its inception was a
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193:. In brief, the Royal Commissioner was appointed to inquire into and report on whether any aspect of the 'women's business' was a fabrication and, if so, how the fabrication occurred, its extent and purpose.
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the "... 'women's business' emerged in response to a need of the anti-bridge lobby to provide something of sufficient cultural significance to warrant the making of a declaration by the
Federal Minister";
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the 'women's business' was unknown to the twelve dissident
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fabricated; amateur historian, Betty Fisher, told the
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rejected claims for damages by the developers, stating that he was not satisfied that the claims of "secret women's business" had been fabricated.
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the purpose of the fabrication was to obtain a declaration prohibiting the construction of the Hindmarsh Island Bridge under the Commonwealth's
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You can't. You're not supposed to talk about things like that. My parents told me, only the old people used to tell certain people.
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established a Royal Commission on 16 June 1995. A former South Australian District Court judge, Mrs Iris Stevens, was appointed as
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The secret women's business was irrational because the barrages were a more intrusive barrier than a bridge could be.
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The Royal Commission's report was published in December 1995. Its major findings were:
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The Hindmarsh Island Bridge Royal Commission : Transcript of proceedings
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Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984
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The Hindmarsh Island Bridge Royal Commission, (June 1996),
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Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Land Rights Act 1981
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View of the Hindmarsh Island Bridge from the Goolwa wharf.
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disputed the existence of the 'secret women's business'.
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320:(Digest No 50 of 1996-97, 4 November 1996).
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339:. 11 May 2003
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256:fabrication";
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57: –
56:
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51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
2104:Ngarrindjeri
1983:
1967:
1893:
1884:
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1866:
1770:Yandruwandha
1740:Wangkangurru
1726:Ngarrindjeri
1461:Wati-kutjara
1431:
1427:
1423:
1328:Chad Wingard
1321:Norah Wilson
1279:Moogy Sumner
1181:Ruby Hammond
1139:Vince Copley
1091:(Tom Walker)
1031:Point Pearce
922:Pipalyatjara
802:Yardliyawara
788:Yandruwandha
669:Ngarrindjeri
411:
396:(Australia).
381:
377:
367:
363:
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341:. Retrieved
334:
325:
318:Bills Digest
317:
286:
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231:
226:
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208:
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184:
175:Ngarrindjeri
172:
132:
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96:January 2017
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1749:(dialects:
1670:Antakirinja
1447:Muldjewangk
1420:'Dreamtime'
1401:and culture
1258:Nura Rupert
1216:Patty Mills
1188:Ruby Hunter
1167:Adam Goodes
1075:Jimmy Baker
1068:Ian Abdulla
990:(Umeewarra)
931:(Ernabella)
833:Communities
781:Wongkanguru
739:Tanganekald
524:Jarildekald
475:Antakirinja
285:passed the
180:fabrication
2073:Categories
2028:Queensland
1024:Oak Valley
951:Yunyarinyi
823:Yirawirung
809:Yarluyandi
746:Thangkaali
732:Ramindjeri
648:Ngangaruku
578:Mardidjali
564:Malyangapa
503:Bungandidj
496:Bodaruwitj
343:19 January
301:References
293:, Justice
163:Background
141:Aboriginal
66:newspapers
1733:Paakantyi
1684:Barngarla
1651:Languages
1440:Tjilbruke
1432:tjukurrpa
1428:mura-mura
1017:Nepabunna
988:Davenport
981:Colebrook
973:Poonindie
865:Indulkana
841:APY Lands
725:Portaulun
704:Peramangk
627:Ngayawang
585:Meintangk
536:Karangura
528:Mulbarapa
489:Barngarla
336:ABC Radio
2049:Victoria
2042:Tasmania
1986:massacre
1712:Ngadjuri
1705:Narungga
1454:Ngiṉṯaka
1399:Religion
1195:Ivaritji
1010:Koonibba
908:Mintabie
881:(Fregon)
879:Kaltjiti
711:Pilatapa
690:Ngurunta
683:Ngintait
655:Ngaralda
620:Ngadjuri
599:Narungga
237:Findings
1935:History
1763:Wirangu
1677:Arabana
1479:Watarru
1434:, etc.)
1413:Arkaroo
1038:Raukkan
944:Watarru
929:Pukatja
915:Nyapaṟi
774:Wirangu
676:Ngawadj
662:Ngarkat
641:Ngameni
592:Mirning
550:Kokatha
510:Dhirari
482:Arabana
460:Peoples
197:Enquiry
80:scholar
1913:Cases:
1826:Words:
1698:Kaurna
1046:Yalata
996:Gerard
969:Akenta
961:Other:
901:Mimili
894:Makiri
753:Wailpi
697:Nukunu
634:Ngalia
557:Kuyani
543:Kaurna
145:Goolwa
135:was a
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1984:Maria
1691:Dieri
937:Umuwa
887:Kaṉpi
872:Kalka
858:Iltur
851:Amaṯa
760:Warki
517:Dieri
384:
372:(Cth)
216:Pagan
87:JSTOR
73:books
1855:Laws
1784:Yuyu
1424:muda
606:Nauo
345:2010
281:The
147:and
131:The
59:news
390:FCR
151:in
42:by
2075::
1753:,
1430:,
1426:,
415:,
333:.
309:^
252:";
182:.
159:.
1970:)
1966:(
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1422:(
975:)
971:(
843::
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445:e
438:t
431:v
347:.
263:;
109:)
103:(
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94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
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