2621:
619:
2484:
2124:
940:
1856:
2819:
1301:
1947:, which Britain opposed, but proved unable to stop. Soon after Smith visited London in October 1965, Wilson resolved to curb his rival's ambitions. During his own visit to Salisbury later that month, he proposed to safeguard future black representation in the Rhodesian parliament by withdrawing control over the Rhodesian parliamentary structure to London. Salisbury had held these powers since 1923. This proved the last straw for Smith's Rhodesian government, which issued the
43:
659:, originally made up of himself, five other members nominated by the company, and four elected by registered voters. The number of elected members rose gradually under Company rule until they numbered 13 in 1920, sitting alongside the administrator and six other Company officials in the 20-member Legislative Council. The company's Royal Charter, which originally ran out in October 1914, was renewed for a further ten years in 1915.
1077:
2743:
2000:
1795:
2332:
2058:
1676:
1910:
Commonwealth". When
Northern Rhodesia became Zambia on 24 October 1964, Southern Rhodesia dropped "Southern" from its name, and initiated legislation to this effect. Britain refused assent two months later, saying that although the colony was self-governing, it did not have the power to rename itself. Salisbury continued using the shortened name anyway.
1734:
1559:
1153:
knighted
Huggins in 1941, and, with the war still ongoing, Britain made overtures towards dominion status. Huggins dismissed this, saying it was imperative to win the war first. The idea of dominionship was raised again in 1952, but Salisbury once more did not pursue it, instead following the results
630:
2940:
Southern
Rhodesia's government made this symbolic announcement in an attempt to demonstrate concurrent fealty to, and independence from, Britain. It was irrelevant in any legal or diplomatic sense as the self-governing colony's foreign affairs were still handled by Britain; so long as Britain was at
2196:
Smith and the RF decisively won three more general elections during the 1970s. The Anglo-Rhodesian
Agreement of 1971–72, which would have legitimised the country's independence in Britain's eyes, fell apart after a British test of Rhodesian national opinion reported most blacks to be against it. The
1577:
took over as
Southern Rhodesia's Prime Minister. Huggins headed the Federal government for three years, then retired in November 1956 after a combined 23 years as a national leader. The United Rhodesia Party merged with the Federal Party to become the United Federal Party (UFP) in November 1957, and
626:
1897:
Under severe pressure from his ministers to resolve this issue, Field travelled to
England in March 1964 to pursue sovereign statehood, but returned empty-handed a month later. He resigned his position on 13 April; this came as no surprise to many government insiders, but appeared sudden to most
2882:
The police force raised by the
Company, the British South Africa Company's Police, was renamed the Mashonaland Mounted Police in 1892. The Matabeleland Mounted Police was founded in 1895, and it and its Mashonaland counterpart collectively became referred to as the Rhodesia Mounted Police. This
1034:
to its shareholders, and caused its development of
Southern Rhodesia to slow. Believing that membership in the union could help solve both problems, the company now backed Southern Rhodesia's incorporation as South Africa's fifth province. However, this prospect proved largely unpopular among
1605:
This plan was given assent by the
Southern Rhodesian and British governments, and initially enjoyed support from black nationalists in the country, though the latter soon reversed their stance, saying the changes did not go far enough. Some government members opposed this partitioning of the
625:
1626:
Southern
Rhodesian election, with Smith running as his deputy, and in a shock result won 35 of the 50 territorial "A"-roll seats. Field and Smith became prime minister and deputy prime minister respectively, and remained in office after the Federation's dissolution on the last day of 1963.
1909:
Only two months into his premiership, Smith was deeply offended when Whitehall informed him that, for the first time since 1930, Southern Rhodesia would not be represented at the Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference. Huggins described this in 1969 as tantamount to "kicking out of the
546:
any territory it acquired, while respecting laws enacted by extant African rulers, and upholding free trade within its borders. Though the company made good on most of these pledges, the assent of Lobengula and other native leaders, particularly regarding mining rights, was often evaded,
2422:
made up of 12 blacks and five whites. "Instead of the enemy wearing a white skin, he will soon wear a black skin," said Mugabe, just before the bishop took over. The Bush War went on until December 1979, when Salisbury, Whitehall and the revolutionary nationalists signed the
1122:, when, despite narrowly topping the popular vote, it lost the month's election, winning only nine of the 30 seats compared to the Reform Party's 16. Although the Reform Party was left-wing in name, many of its leading members, including the new Prime Minister Dr
1055:—and responsible government won the day by 59%. Southern Rhodesia was duly annexed by the Empire on 12 September 1923, and granted full self-government on 1 October the same year. The new Southern Rhodesian government immediately purchased the land from the
1877:
After the Federation broke up on 31 December 1963, Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland became independent during 1964, respectively renamed Zambia and Malawi, and under black majority governments. Southern Rhodesia was denied the same under the ideal of
2229:
Mozambican independence under a communist government in 1975 further assisted the cadres, and exacerbated the Rhodesian government's economic dependency on South Africa. Unproductive talks between Smith and the guerrilla leaders took place
2225:
counter-campaign, the South African détente initiative of December 1974 introduced a ceasefire, which the security forces respected, and the guerrillas ignored. This shifted the course of the war significantly in the nationalists' favour.
613:
624:
541:
in October 1889. Under this charter, the company was empowered to trade with indigenous rulers, form banks, own and manage land, and raise and run a police force. In return for these rights, the British South Africa Company would
1601:
split the heretofore non-racial (though qualified) electoral roll into graduated "A" and "B" rolls; the latter had lower qualifications, and was intended to cater for prospective black voters who had previously not qualified.
628:
2184:
two years later. Under Rhodesia's 1965 constitution, the Prime Minister remained at the head of Her Majesty's Rhodesian Government until 2 March 1970, when a republican constitution was adopted in line with the results of
1110:
case among Britain's colonies, and worthy of inclusion, particularly as it was the only one which governed itself. Southern Rhodesian Prime Ministers thereafter became a regular fixture at such meetings and, from 1944, at
623:
2560:
Seven years into Mugabe's premiership, Zimbabwe scrapped the white seats amid sweeping constitutional reforms in September 1987. The office of Prime Minister was abolished in October; Mugabe became the country's first
627:
455:, which Britain did not acknowledge. This situation remained until March 1970, when Rhodesia adopted a republican system of government. In republican Rhodesia, the Prime Minister instead nominally reported to the
629:
1942:
Negotiations between Smith and Wilson took place throughout the rest of the year, but repeatedly broke down; between July and September, a parallel development concerned Rhodesia's opening of a representative
1893:
had verbally promised "independence no later than, if not before, the other two territories" at a meeting in 1963, in return for Salisbury's help in winding up the Federation. Butler denied having said this.
6069:
5231:
588:" in honour of their Company benefactor, and this name was officially adopted in 1895. Matabeleland and Mashonaland, both of which lay south of the Zambezi, were first formally referred to by Britain as "
2274:
applied) and 67% of the popular vote. The RF took all 20 of the seats elected by white voters and also provided eight non-constituency members. All of this settled, Rhodesia became black majority-ruled
580:
Following these victories, the British South Africa Company controlled a country equivalent to modern Zambia and Zimbabwe. This domain was initially referred to as "Zambesia" (or Zambezia) after the
315:
662:
The post of national administrator was held by three people, with three others holding the post while it only covered Mashonaland; between 1898 and 1901, a separate office existed in Matabeleland.
1931:
Cabinet did not give credence to either of these tests of opinion, and continued to insist on an immediate shift to majority rule before the granting of sovereign independence. Campaigning on an
1145:, symbolically affirming the British declaration of war before any other part of the Empire. During the ensuing conflict over 26,100 Southern Rhodesians of all races served in the armed forces,
622:
1597:, as black nationalist ambitions and changing international attitudes propelled the Federation towards collapse. In Southern Rhodesia, constitutional changes adopted in 1961 as the result of
1570:
2620:
2418:
publicly damned Muzorewa's new order, dismissing the bishop as a "neocolonial puppet"; he pledged to continue ZANLA's campaign "to the last man". Muzorewa took office at the head of a
1913:
The Rhodesian government, which remained predominantly white, contended that it had almost complete support from all races in its drive for full statehood; in October 1964, a national
2848:
2783:
2665:
1246:
1036:
155:
6081:
5983:
5238:
5131:
4900:
1948:
444:
1569:
A month after Southern Rhodesia, Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland formed the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland in August 1953, Huggins became the amalgamated body's first
5947:
2150:
by Britain, the Commonwealth and the United Nations, all of which declared it illegal and imposed economic sanctions—the Rhodesian government still professed loyalty to
5326:
1920:
1598:
162:
462:
The prime minister was responsible for nominating the other members of the government, chairing meetings of the Rhodesian Cabinet, and deciding when to call a new
2263:
1155:
1040:
381:
470:
in 1979, then into Zimbabwe the following year. The Zimbabwean government was headed by a prime minister from 1980 to 1987, when that post was superseded by an
143:
1898:
sections of the general public. Smith promptly accepted the cabinet's invitation to take over, though he expressed surprise at the nomination. A farmer and
6280:
2221:(ZAPU), intensified soon after, starting with ZANLA's attack on Altena and Whistlefield Farms in the country's north-east in December 1972. After a strong
1883:
1112:
1906:, Smith was Southern Rhodesia's first native-born head of government. He immediately promised to take a harder line on independence than his predecessor.
5017:
Holders of Administrative and Ministerial Office, 1894–1964, and Members of the Legislative Council, 1899–1923, and the Legislative Assembly, 1924–1964
5092:
2973:
2674:
2428:
2202:
2186:
2143:
1842:
1784:
1723:
1623:
1587:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1407:
1354:
1131:
1119:
348:
251:
248:
1882:" that was newly ascendant in Britain and elsewhere. The RF was enraged by what it saw as British duplicity; according to Field and Smith, Britain's
6360:
5502:
2536:
2259:
207:
2941:
war, Southern Rhodesia was as well. The Australian and New Zealand dominions were respectively in a similar situation, having not yet ratified the
6204:
2678:
2147:
1919:(tribal conference) comprising 622 black representatives unanimously backed independence under the 1961 constitution, and a month later a general
1024:
441:
335:
331:
2206:
2483:
6734:
6251:
5940:
5382:
5321:
1088:
The RGA reorganised itself to become the governing Rhodesia Party, with Coghlan as Southern Rhodesia's first Premier. The title was changed to
656:
222:
219:
216:
210:
6231:
6059:
5470:
5216:
5060:
5041:
4979:
4956:
4885:
4866:
4844:
4785:
4741:
4707:
4654:
4618:
4599:
4576:
4557:
4497:
4461:
2800:
2796:
1578:
the liberal Todd was voted out of office by the more right-wing members of his party four months later, in February 1958. He was replaced by
1472:
265:
6143:
6074:
5975:
5367:
5226:
5123:
2961:
1879:
1563:
1159:
278:
5999:
4127:
4070:
6345:
2427:
in London. Zimbabwe Rhodesia came under the temporary control of Britain, and a Commonwealth monitoring force was convened to supervise
2405:
2280:
1048:
5053:
A Matter Of Weeks Rather Than Months: The Impasse Between Harold Wilson and Ian Smith: Sanctions, Aborted Settlements and War 1965–1969
6533:
6475:
6256:
5905:
5731:
5673:
5654:
5475:
5316:
5105:
4733:
2218:
1451:
1398:
1345:
1184:
1097:
1052:
962:
644:
593:
433:
403:
374:
63:
5548:
5243:
6335:
6286:
6064:
5933:
5221:
4913:
4804:
4677:
4525:
4353:
4331:
4230:
1138:
5295:
2964:
was created. In 1957, it merged with the Federal Party to become the United Federal Party. It should not be confused with the rump
2250:(UANC). The militant nationalist campaigns continued, however, and indeed extended to attacks on civilian aircraft: ZAPU shot down
483:
6189:
6091:
6047:
6007:
5497:
5285:
5253:
5204:
5164:
4375:
2857:
2808:
2804:
2792:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2231:
2105:
1936:
989:. The accession of territories governed by the British South Africa Company was explicitly provisioned for by Section 150 of the
954:
835:
234:
231:
228:
225:
213:
5290:
466:
for the House of Assembly. He retained this role following the reconstitution of Rhodesia under black majority rule, first into
6566:
6292:
5790:
4431:
4414:
2527:
2419:
2247:
2210:
2167:
1233:
1149:
to white population a higher contribution of manpower than any other British colony or dominion, and more than the UK itself.
451:. The unrecognised state's system of government, however, remained otherwise unchanged, right down to its declared loyalty to
6412:
6199:
5563:
5438:
2572:
signed a unity accord at the same time merging ZAPU into ZANU–PF with the stated goal of a Marxist–Leninist one-party state.
1590:
the same year, but failed to win a single seat—the UFP won 17 of the 30 seats, with the Dominion Party taking the remainder.
1019:
dominion. The Company originally stood against Southern Rhodesia's addition, fearing the territory's potential domination by
1063:
2 million, and ten years later paid the same sum to the British South Africa Company for the country's mineral rights.
1126:, were politically conservative; the more rightist members of the party merged with the Rhodesia Party in 1934 to form the
6320:
6304:
5619:
5433:
5085:
4315:
2155:
437:
367:
308:
260:
150:
6436:
5846:
5336:
4295:
1899:
1309:
1035:
Southern Rhodesian settlers, most of whom wanted self-government, and came to vote for the RGA in large numbers. In the
966:
634:
530:
504:
418:
410:
6453:
6226:
6214:
6209:
5859:
5832:
5644:
4699:
4669:
2943:
2884:
1944:
4666:
Collective Responses to Illegal Acts in International Law: United Nations action in the question of Southern Rhodesia
981:" previously granted to Britain's colonies in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa as a precursor to full
2170:" to fill his ceremonial role. Smith represented Rhodesia in two abortive rounds of talks with Wilson, first aboard
939:
6664:
6556:
6330:
6221:
5754:
5614:
5492:
5485:
5392:
4075:
2555:
2432:
2146:, which remains the only other such proclamation in the history of the British Empire. According to UDI—which went
1418:
1093:
1089:
757:
422:
98:
1137:
Though uninvolved in foreign affairs, and therefore obliged to follow Britain's lead, the colony enthusiastically
17:
6639:
6355:
6111:
5397:
5331:
5273:
5156:
4507:
4358:
2424:
2414:
With Muzorewa and the UANC in government, Zimbabwe Rhodesia failed to gain international acceptance. ZANU leader
2409:
2222:
1631:
Prime Ministers of Southern Rhodesia, a territory of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, from 1953 to 1963
182:
6669:
6402:
6096:
6017:
5967:
5864:
5741:
5664:
5639:
5604:
5528:
5443:
5258:
5174:
5115:
5078:
2235:
1887:
1573:. Salisbury was designated the Federal capital, and the United Party renamed itself the United Rhodesia Party.
543:
508:
406:
68:
56:
2266:
called "sham elections ... in utter defiance of the United Nations". In these elections, the UANC won a
4816:
The Constitutional History and Law of Southern Rhodesia 1888–1965, with Special Reference to Imperial control
6679:
6513:
6407:
5711:
5558:
5460:
5455:
5448:
4819:
4759:
4453:
4144:
2255:
2251:
584:, which bisected it; however, the first immigrants almost immediately began instead calling their new home "
353:
2242:
was agreed between the government and moderate nationalist parties, the most prominent of which was Bishop
6262:
6194:
5465:
5300:
5020:
5007:
4235:
2947:, which, on adoption, transferred diplomatic responsibility from Britain to the relevant local government.
2928:
2163:
2123:
1558:
1081:
978:
597:
414:
133:
6626:
6613:
6422:
6350:
6325:
6310:
6274:
6184:
5809:
5573:
5538:
5533:
5480:
5428:
5387:
5372:
5350:
4905:
4204:
4135:
2965:
2902:
2692:
2565:
2190:
1583:
991:
986:
970:
947:
724:
463:
456:
290:
285:
195:
86:
643:
The head of the southern territories' government during this time was in effect the company's regional
1030:
The loss of the ability to raise funds through the sale of land hampered the company's ability to pay
1027:
in London ruled that unalienated land in the Rhodesias was owned not by the company but by the Crown.
6298:
6236:
6167:
6138:
5634:
5599:
5416:
5402:
5362:
2957:
2776:
2658:
1775:
1714:
1544:
1207:
1127:
864:
797:
655:, the capital, on 12 September that year. From 1899, the administrator governed as part of a ten-man
103:
33:
6599:
6480:
6448:
6417:
6340:
6101:
6037:
5898:
5795:
5764:
5678:
5587:
5568:
5516:
5263:
5194:
5147:
5033:
4878:
The Zimbabwe African People's Union 1961–87: A Political History of Insurgency in Southern Rhodesia
4777:
4540:
4269:
2818:
2562:
2401:
2239:
1365:
1300:
1101:
1008:
471:
343:
115:
2887:(BSAP) in 1896. The BSAP retained its name and remained Rhodesia's law enforcement arm until 1980.
2435:, formed the first government of Zimbabwe following its recognised independence on 18 April 1980.
6561:
6086:
6027:
5822:
5759:
5248:
5184:
4591:
4336:
4256:
2824:
2271:
2198:
2189:
held the previous June. In the Republic of Rhodesia, the Prime Minister formally reported to the
2178:
556:
479:
138:
91:
5030:
So Far And No Further! Rhodesia's Bid For Independence During the Retreat From Empire 1959–1965
1076:
447:
on 11 November 1965. British-appointed figures such as the governor were thereafter ignored by
6713:
6543:
6315:
6241:
6106:
6054:
5987:
5971:
5914:
5649:
5629:
5624:
5543:
5268:
5211:
5135:
5119:
5056:
5037:
4975:
4952:
4935:
4909:
4881:
4862:
4840:
4823:
4800:
4781:
4737:
4703:
4673:
4650:
4633:
4614:
4595:
4572:
4553:
4521:
4493:
4476:
4457:
4385:
4274:
4218:
4176:
4156:
2276:
2139:
1928:
1870:
1163:
1044:
996:
943:
825:
601:
589:
467:
399:
295:
547:
misrepresented or simply ignored. Lobengula reacted by making war on the new arrivals, their
6696:
6684:
6386:
5879:
5874:
4248:
4148:
2128:
1932:
1142:
1012:
4799:(First ed.). Nairobi, Kampala and Dar es Salaam: East African Educational Publishers.
2431:, in which ZANU and ZAPU would take part for the first time. ZANU won, and, with Mugabe as
1614:, resigned in protest, saying the new system was "racialist". Former Dominion Party leader
6394:
6268:
6042:
6032:
6012:
5199:
5189:
5169:
4767:
4517:
4270:"Despite Rhodesia's Elections, Robert Mugabe Vows to Wage Guerrilla War 'to the Last Man'"
2370:
2171:
2096:
2038:
1833:
1742:
1619:
1579:
1220:
1123:
1104:. Although Southern Rhodesia was not a dominion, it was seen elsewhere in the Empire as a
958:
900:
685:
585:
514:
500:
413:. The prime ministerial role was first created in October 1923, when the country achieved
321:
42:
5925:
6659:
6634:
6518:
6246:
6022:
5854:
5827:
5716:
5609:
5377:
5179:
4854:
4692:
4687:
4200:
2907:
2159:
1256:
Premiers of Southern Rhodesia from 1923 to 1933, and Prime Ministers from 1933 to 1953
1134:
the rump left wing of the Reform Party to begin 28 years of uninterrupted stewardship.
1060:
974:
648:
538:
4410:
2742:
1955:
Prime Ministers of Southern Rhodesia (or Rhodesia) from January 1964 to November 1965
6728:
6691:
6674:
6508:
6148:
5869:
5706:
5553:
4931:
4771:
4727:
4511:
4209:
2969:
2748:
2626:
2492:
2415:
2243:
2005:
1924:
1866:
1800:
1681:
1615:
1574:
1016:
985:
status—and opposed Southern Rhodesia's proposed integration into the recently formed
548:
534:
475:
5004:
Source Book of Parliamentary Elections and Referenda in Southern Rhodesia, 1898–1962
4797:
A History of Africa, Volume Two: African nationalism and the de-colonisation process
969:, a South African-born Bulawayo lawyer, had become the RGA's leader. The RGA sought
592:" in 1898, and were united under that name in 1901. The areas to the river's north,
6523:
6503:
6498:
6490:
5721:
5701:
5696:
5688:
4923:
4380:
4152:
2924:
2569:
2166:, Salisbury, but was now ignored by the local government, which appointed its own "
2151:
1594:
1004:
853:
552:
526:
522:
452:
108:
2914:
in May and October 1892. The Company officially applied the name Rhodesia in 1895.
1999:
1794:
4630:
The Years Between 1923–1973: Half a Century of Responsible Government in Rhodesia
1593:
Whitehead served as prime minister for the next four years, under Federal leader
5280:
4430:"Chimurenga war communiqué No. 8. Period from 30 Jan to 20 March 1974". Lusaka:
2214:
1106:
1056:
1000:
713:
574:
573:(advisors) to the company. Violent rebellion to the north-east, in neighbouring
6551:
6458:
5749:
4751:
2331:
2057:
1890:
1855:
1607:
4637:
4411:"Resolution 448 (1979) Adopted by the Security Council at its 2143rd meeting"
4222:
2960:, formed in 1934, renamed itself the United Rhodesia Party in 1953, when the
2270:
in the new House of Assembly, with 51 of the 72 common roll seats (for which
614:
Administrative posts of the British South Africa Company in Southern Rhodesia
6621:
6589:
5817:
5780:
4994:
4971:
4895:
4647:
Blue and Old Gold: The History of the British South Africa Police, 1889–1980
4244:
4102:
2337:
2138:
The Rhodesians modelled their independence document on that of the American
2063:
1859:
1611:
1167:
1150:
1020:
518:
4480:
4177:"A brief operational history of the campaign in Rhodesia from 1964 to 1978"
1675:
4859:
Bulawayo Burning: The Social History of a Southern African City, 1893–1960
6528:
6118:
5991:
5979:
5956:
5726:
5139:
5127:
5101:
2267:
1903:
1031:
982:
564:
560:
5015:
Willson, F. M. G.; Passmore, G. C.; Mitchell, Margaret T., eds. (1966).
1043:
on the colony's future was held on 27 October 1922—at the suggestion of
6153:
4939:
4827:
4260:
1733:
1606:
electorate, which essentially divided it along ethnic lines; the UFP's
581:
6593:
6572:
5784:
2911:
1915:
652:
569:
448:
5070:
4252:
2923:
Jameson offered his resignation immediately following his eponymous
1554:
As a territory in the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (1953–63)
639:
Hover your mouse over each man for his name; click for more details.
4837:
Winds of Destruction: the Autobiography of a Rhodesian Combat Pilot
4354:"Britain 'Gets Tough': Warns Rhodesia Of 'Rebellion' Consequences"
2122:
1854:
1557:
1075:
938:
617:
1158:
held early the next April to enter an initially semi-independent
2154:, whom it called the "Queen of Rhodesia". The British-appointed
5929:
5074:
2896:
The first recorded use in this context is in the titles of the
436:, under the largely symbolic supervision of a British colonial
4729:
Rhodes and Rhodesia: The White Conquest of Zimbabwe, 1884–1902
4299:
999:
which created the union in 1910 by consolidating the Empire's
4071:"British South Africa Company (BSAC, BSACO, or BSA Company)"
600:, were governed separately, and amalgamated in 1911 to form
4880:. Trenton, New Jersey: Africa Research & Publications.
2931:
in December 1895, but it was not accepted until April 1896.
1208:
United Party / United Rhodesia Party / United Federal Party
647:. The first of these was appointed in 1890, soon after the
398:
starts with the arrival of white people to what was dubbed
4968:
The Dictionary of Contemporary Politics of Southern Africa
4448:
Barraclough, E. M. C.; Crampton, William G., eds. (1978).
3412:
3410:
3408:
1935:
of independence, the RF called a new general election for
4571:. London, Sydney & Dover, New Hampshire: Croom Helm.
3684:
4991:
The Anglo-African Who's Who and Biographical Sketch-Book
4645:
Gibbs, Peter; Phillips, Hugh; Russell, Nick (May 2009).
4473:
The Quiet Man: A Biography of the Hon. Ian Douglas Smith
1100:, the Southern Rhodesian leader was first invited to an
3464:
3462:
3460:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3157:
3012:
2209:(ZIPRA), the respective guerrilla armies of the Maoist
1023:, but changed its tune dramatically when, in 1918, the
3458:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3440:
2396:
Internal Settlement; interim British control (1979–80)
2262:
held per the Internal Settlement in April 1979, which
559:
ended with Lobengula's torching of his own capital at
2696:
2574:
2437:
2285:
1953:
1629:
1254:
4901:
The Great Betrayal: The Memoirs of Ian Douglas Smith
4773:
Mugabe: Power, Plunder and the Struggle for Zimbabwe
4537:
Handbook to the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
3023:
1172:
577:, was forcibly put down by the company during 1897.
567:
in early 1894, and the subsequent submission of his
6652:
6612:
6582:
6542:
6489:
6474:
6467:
6435:
6375:
6166:
6127:
5998:
5845:
5808:
5773:
5740:
5687:
5672:
5663:
5586:
5515:
5415:
5349:
5309:
5155:
5146:
5055:. Victoria, British Columbia: Trafford Publishing.
4332:"Rhodesia's First Day as a Republic Passes Quietly"
3991:
3760:
316:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade
4691:
4233:(April 1980). "The Lessons of Zimbabwe-Rhodesia".
3835:
2134:on 11 November 1968, the third anniversary of UDI.
402:in the 1890s. The country was initially run by an
18:History and evolution of the Rhodesian premiership
3771:
3769:
2849:Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front
2784:Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front
2714:
2666:Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front
2592:
2550:Prime Minister and ceremonial President (1980–87)
2455:
2303:
2279:on 1 June 1979, with Muzorewa replacing Smith as
1971:
1873:in October 1965, during independence negotiations
1647:
1272:
1247:Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front
935:Frontier politics: towards responsible government
4966:Williams, Gwyneth; Hackland, Brian (July 1988).
3949:
3724:
2702:
2580:
2443:
2291:
1959:
1635:
1260:
1051:, continuing the initiative of his preprocessor
4609:Fedorowich, Kent; Thomas, Martin, eds. (2001).
4552:(First ed.). New York: Algora Publishing.
4113:(4). Lusaka: Northern Rhodesia Society: 101–102
4017:
4005:
3616:
3614:
3569:
3567:
3294:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3280:
621:
4588:Communism in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Reappraisal
3945:
3943:
3941:
2258:in February 1979. ZANU and ZAPU boycotted the
1162:the directly administered British colonies of
432:The Rhodesian prime minister acted as Head of
5941:
5086:
4417:. 30 April 1979. UN Document S/RES/448 (1979)
3961:
3878:
3876:
3874:
2576:Prime Minister of Zimbabwe from 1980 to 1987
2568:two months later. Mugabe and the ZAPU leader
2287:Prime Minister of Rhodesia from 1965 to 1979
1072:Responsible government; early years (1923–53)
1039:, the RGA won ten of the 13 seats contested.
375:
8:
5008:University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
4721:(Second ed.). London: Springwood Books.
4611:International Diplomacy and Colonial Retreat
4187:(1). Southampton: Rhodesian Army Association
3866:
3329:
3168:
3034:
3032:
3008:
3006:
3004:
2995:
2906:newspapers, respectively first published at
2439:Prime Minister of Zimbabwe-Rhodesia in 1979
490:1890–1923: British South Africa Company rule
6281:Southern Rhodesia African National Congress
4128:"The Rhodesian Referendum: June 20th, 1969"
3901:
3542:
3540:
2847:
2782:
2664:
2526:
2369:
2095:
2037:
1832:
1774:
1713:
1450:
1397:
1344:
1118:The Rhodesia Party remained in power until
6486:
6471:
6441:
6379:
6172:
6131:
5948:
5934:
5926:
5684:
5669:
5592:
5521:
5421:
5355:
5152:
5093:
5079:
5071:
4835:Petter-Bowyer, P. J. H. (November 2005) .
4732:. Montreal, Quebec and Kingston, Ontario:
4103:"First Records—No. 6. The Name 'Rhodesia'"
3487:
3485:
3427:
3425:
2817:
664:
382:
368:
28:
4989:Wills, Walter H.; Barrett, R. J. (1905).
3388:
3097:
3074:
2203:Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army
1113:Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conferences
666:Company administrators from 1890 to 1923
434:His or Her Majesty's Rhodesian Government
421:as its first Premier. The third premier,
5503:Zimbabwe and the Commonwealth of Nations
4694:The Greatest Killer: Smallpox in History
4490:The Saints: The Rhodesian Light Infantry
4052:
4040:
3882:
3531:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3189:
2856:
2823:
2791:
2787:
2747:
2673:
2669:
2625:
2535:
2531:
2488:
2378:
2374:
2364:
2336:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2062:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2004:
1923:yielded an 89% "yes" vote for the same.
1841:
1837:
1827:
1799:
1783:
1779:
1738:
1722:
1718:
1680:
1522:
1516:
1468:
1459:
1455:
1445:
1417:
1406:
1402:
1364:
1353:
1349:
1305:
896:
860:
834:
793:
756:
720:
681:
478:, became president; he was succeeded by
5019:. Salisbury: Department of Government,
5006:. Salisbury: Department of Government,
4668:(First ed.). Leiden and New York:
4586:Duignan, Peter; Gann, Lewis H. (1994).
4001:
3999:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3932:
3924:
3886:
3815:
3799:
3712:
3696:
3624:
3352:
3247:
3235:
3223:
3145:
3133:
3121:
3062:
3050:
2988:
2875:
2238:the following year. In March 1978, the
2201:, fought against the government by the
2127:The Rhodesian government adopted a new
1900:erstwhile British Royal Air Force pilot
1586:against the UFP and the Dominion Party
1096:, the third man to hold the office. In
31:
6361:Chemical weapons and biological agents
6082:Unilateral Declaration of Independence
5239:Unilateral Declaration of Independence
4951:. Johannesburg: 30° South Publishers.
4839:. Johannesburg: 30° South Publishers.
4756:European Politics in Southern Rhodesia
4649:. Johannesburg: 30° South Publishers.
4492:. Johannesburg: 30° South Publishers.
4452:(Third Illustrated ed.). London:
4175:Lockley, Lt-Col R. E. H. (July 1990).
3831:
3692:
3688:
3672:
3660:
3636:
3620:
3601:
3472:
3340:
3317:
3259:
3109:
3038:
2638:MP for Highfield (1985–87)(Death 2019)
1949:Unilateral Declaration of Independence
1084:of Southern Rhodesia, pictured in 1924
445:Unilateral Declaration of Independence
3928:
3897:
3858:
3846:
3648:
3605:
3558:
3546:
3527:
3503:
3399:
3364:
3271:
3211:
3180:
3158:Willson, Passmore & Mitchell 1966
3085:
2814:
2738:
2726:
2721:
2705:
2616:
2604:
2599:
2583:
2479:
2467:
2462:
2446:
2327:
2315:
2310:
2294:
2168:Officer Administrating the Government
2053:
1995:
1983:
1978:
1962:
1790:
1729:
1671:
1659:
1654:
1638:
1504:Minister for Native Affairs (1933–49)
1413:
1360:
1296:
1284:
1279:
1263:
673:
637:'s original board of directors, 1889.
7:
4949:P. K. van der Byl: African Statesman
4876:Sibanda, Eliakim M. (January 2005).
3980:
3862:
3819:
3803:
3787:
3775:
3748:
3736:
3708:
3597:
3585:
3573:
3515:
3491:
3476:
3468:
3431:
3416:
3376:
3298:
3199:
2962:Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
2207:Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army
1880:no independence before majority rule
1564:Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
1282:held while Premier / Prime Minister
5227:Rhodesia–Nyasaland federation
4029:
3913:
2406:Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia
1174:Colour key (for political parties)
1067:1923–1965: colonial Prime Ministers
965:(RGA) was formed in 1917. By 1919,
6257:Responsible Government Association
5655:Zimbabwe at the Commonwealth Games
4567:Cilliers, Jakkie (December 1984).
4316:"Rhodesia reverts to British rule"
3024:Gibbs, Phillips & Russell 2009
2687:Executive President (1987–present)
2264:UN Security Council Resolution 448
1582:. Todd led his own version of the
963:Responsible Government Association
927:Administrator of Southern Rhodesia
891:Administrator of Southern Rhodesia
594:Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia
25:
6287:Southern Rhodesia Communist Party
4296:"1975: Rhodesia peace talks fail"
2698:President of Zimbabwe since 1987
2636:MP for Mashonaland East (1980–85)
1939:, and won all 50 "A"-roll seats.
1130:, and, with Huggins at the helm,
1037:1920 Legislative Council election
973:for Southern Rhodesia within the
953:Southern Rhodesians of all races
5332:Cricket crisis (2003–2007)
4632:. Salisbury: H. C. P. Andersen.
4550:A Crisis of Governance: Zimbabwe
4471:Berlyn, Phillippa (April 1978).
4217:(9). London: History Today Ltd.
4205:"Rhodesia's War of Independence"
4126:Harris, P. B. (September 1969).
2741:
2619:
2482:
2330:
2056:
1998:
1851:From Federation to UDI (1964–65)
1793:
1732:
1674:
1299:
41:
6293:Southern Rhodesia Liberal Party
5002:Willson, F. M. G., ed. (1963).
4734:McGill-Queen's University Press
4717:Hutson, H. P. W. (March 1978).
4432:Zimbabwe African National Union
4376:"USSR viewed as blacks' friend"
4318:. London: BBC. 11 December 1979
4243:(4). Cambridge, Massachusetts:
3761:Barraclough & Crampton 1978
2528:United African National Council
2521:Minister of Combined Operations
2248:United African National Council
2219:Zimbabwe African People's Union
2211:Zimbabwe African National Union
1543:
1513:
1234:United African National Council
6092:1975 Victoria Falls Conference
5439:Capital punishment in Zimbabwe
5254:1975 Victoria Falls Conference
5032:. Victoria, British Columbia:
4664:Gowlland-Debbas, Vera (1990).
4569:Counter-Insurgency in Rhodesia
4548:Chikuhwa, Jacob (March 2004).
4535:Brelsford, W. V., ed. (1960).
4101:Brelsford, W. V., ed. (1954).
4094:Newspaper and journal articles
3685:The Sydney Morning Herald 1964
1507:Minister for Defence (1948–53)
1:
6735:Political history of Zimbabwe
6305:United National Federal Party
6070:Malayan Emergency involvement
5549:Zimbabwean dollar (2019–2024)
5232:Malayan Emergency involvement
5051:Wood, J. R. T. (April 2008).
4947:Wessels, Hannes (July 2010).
4726:Keppel-Jones, Arthur (1983).
4628:Gale, William Daniel (1973).
4488:Binda, Alexandre (May 2008).
4388:. 9 November 1976. p. 20
4107:The Northern Rhodesia Journal
2968:led by former Prime Minister
2883:became the independently-run
1562:The three territories of the
474:. The former prime minister,
396:political history of Zimbabwe
6205:Ministry of External Affairs
5957:Southern Rhodesia / Rhodesia
5028:Wood, J. R. T. (June 2005).
4475:. Salisbury: M. O. Collins.
4362:. 28 October 1964. p. 3
4268:Winn, Michael (7 May 1979).
4153:10.1093/parlij/23.1969sep.72
3950:Williams & Hackland 1988
3725:Fedorowich & Thomas 2001
3013:Encyclopædia Britannica 2012
2217:-aligned Marxist rival, the
2119:Unrecognised state (1965–79)
1618:formed the pro-independence
1139:supported the mother country
829:Administrator of Mashonaland
788:Administrator of Mashonaland
751:Administrator of Mashonaland
635:British South Africa Company
531:British South Africa Company
505:British South Africa Company
440:, until Rhodesia issued its
411:British South Africa Company
5544:Dollar (suspended currency)
4995:George Routledge & Sons
4700:University of Chicago Press
4670:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
2944:Statute of Westminster 1931
2885:British South Africa Police
1865:and British Prime Minister
1771:Minister for Native Affairs
1710:Minister for Native Affairs
1394:Minister for Native Affairs
1341:Minister for Native Affairs
517:on mining rights from King
6751:
5286:2008–2009 cholera outbreak
4970:(First ed.). London:
4758:(First ed.). Oxford:
2976:, then promptly dissolved.
2690:
2602:held while Prime Minister
2556:Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
2553:
2465:held while Prime Minister
2399:
2313:held while Prime Minister
2162:, remained at his post in
1981:held while Prime Minister
1657:held while Prime Minister
611:
498:
6709:
6444:
6382:
6175:
6134:
6112:Lancaster House Agreement
5990:under UDI; 1980–present:
5964:
5892:
5595:
5524:
5424:
5358:
5327:Cricket (1992–2006)
5274:Lancaster House Agreement
5138:under UDI; 1980–present:
5112:
4359:The Sydney Morning Herald
3711:, pp. 418–420, 445;
3600:, pp. 138–140, 167;
2852:
2845:
2816:
2775:Secretary-General of the
2773:
2740:
2733:
2657:Secretary-General of the
2655:
2618:
2611:
2600:Other ministerial offices
2519:
2481:
2474:
2463:Other ministerial offices
2425:Lancaster House Agreement
2420:UANC–RF coalition cabinet
2410:Lancaster House Agreement
2329:
2322:
2311:Other ministerial offices
2055:
1997:
1990:
1979:Other ministerial offices
1792:
1769:
1731:
1708:
1673:
1666:
1655:Other ministerial offices
1610:in the Federal assembly,
1520:
1499:
1466:
1464:
1415:
1392:
1362:
1339:
1298:
1291:
1280:Other ministerial offices
815:
808:
676:
670:
6346:Leader of the Opposition
4861:. Oxford: James Currey.
4590:. Stanford, California:
4454:Frederick Warne & Co
3992:UN Security Council 1979
3169:Wills & Barrett 1905
2254:in September 1978, then
1888:First Secretary of State
1622:(RF) in 1962 to contest
824:Senior Administrator of
509:Company rule in Rhodesia
279:Administrative divisions
4814:Palley, Claire (1966).
4719:Rhodesia, Ending an Era
4145:Oxford University Press
4076:Encyclopædia Britannica
3902:Duignan & Gann 1994
3836:The New York Times 1970
3806:, pp. 229, 242–246
2502:MP for Mashonaland East
2256:Air Rhodesia Flight 827
2252:Air Rhodesia Flight 825
1921:independence referendum
1902:from the rural town of
1514:Reform Party (1933–34)
6263:Rhodesian Action Party
6097:1976 Geneva Conference
5398:Wards (municipalities)
5259:1976 Geneva Conference
5021:University of Rhodesia
4613:. London: Frank Cass.
4236:International Security
2929:South African Republic
2135:
1951:(UDI) on 11 November.
1874:
1752:MP for Salisbury North
1566:
1482:MP for Salisbury North
1085:
1082:responsible government
979:responsible government
950:
640:
608:Company administrators
598:North-Eastern Rhodesia
544:administer and develop
415:responsible government
332:Diplomatic missions of
64:Constitutional history
6336:Deputy Prime Minister
6311:United Rhodesia Party
6275:Rhodesia Labour Party
6139:Chimanimani Mountains
5539:Zimbabwean bond notes
5534:Zimbabwean bond coins
5498:2007 political crisis
4906:John Blake Publishing
4698:. Chicago, Illinois:
4513:A History of Rhodesia
4136:Parliamentary Affairs
2974:1958 general election
2966:United Rhodesia Party
2724:held while President
2693:President of Zimbabwe
2126:
1884:Deputy Prime Minister
1858:
1715:United Rhodesia Party
1584:United Rhodesia Party
1561:
1319:MP for Bulawayo North
1079:
992:South Africa Act 1909
987:Union of South Africa
948:Union of South Africa
942:
632:
551:allies and the local
6389:(currency from 1970)
6299:United Federal Party
6237:Central Africa Party
6190:Legislative Assembly
5363:Chimanimani District
4928:Welensky's 4000 Days
4795:Okoth, Assa (2006).
4384:. Windsor, Ontario:
4018:Gowlland-Debbas 1990
4006:Gowlland-Debbas 1990
3931:, pp. 213–217;
3927:, pp. 211–213;
3861:, pp. 133–136;
3818:, pp. 149–152;
3802:, pp. 133–136;
3695:, pp. 144–146;
3623:, pp. 131–132;
2866:Notes and references
2777:Non-Aligned Movement
2659:Non-Aligned Movement
2545:Since 1980: Zimbabwe
2129:green-and-white flag
1776:United Federal Party
651:'s establishment of
555:people in 1893. The
525:on 30 October 1888,
472:executive presidency
261:Electoral Commission
104:Constantino Chiwenga
34:Politics of Zimbabwe
6102:Internal Settlement
6038:Second Matabele War
5383:Place name renaming
5264:Internal Settlement
5195:Second Matabele War
5034:Trafford Publishing
4770:(September 2007) .
4690:(September 2002) .
4415:UN Security Council
4181:The Lion & Tusk
4079:. Chicago, Illinois
3663:, pp. 140, 143
2972:, which fought the
2719:Electoral mandates
2699:
2597:Electoral mandates
2577:
2523:Minister of Defence
2460:Electoral mandates
2440:
2402:Internal Settlement
2308:Electoral mandates
2288:
2240:Internal Settlement
1976:Electoral mandates
1956:
1869:, pictured outside
1652:Electoral mandates
1632:
1580:Sir Edgar Whitehead
1277:Electoral mandates
1257:
1175:
1102:Imperial Conference
967:Sir Charles Coghlan
961:, during which the
957:for Britain in the
667:
657:Legislative Council
513:Having secured the
425:, renamed the post
419:Sir Charles Coghlan
6449:List of Rhodesians
6413:Telecommunications
6397:(currency to 1970)
6028:First Matabele War
5564:Telecommunications
5301:2019 fuel protests
5291:2016–2017 protests
5185:First Matabele War
4857:(September 2010).
4855:Ranger, Terence O.
4688:Hopkins, Donald R.
4450:Flags of the World
4337:The New York Times
4162:on 4 February 2016
3964:, pp. 330–331
3962:Petter-Bowyer 2005
3885:, pp. 22–24;
3849:, pp. 152–157
3822:, pp. 542–555
3751:, pp. 468–475
3739:, pp. 412–414
3727:, pp. 185–186
3675:, pp. 742–743
3627:, pp. 102–104
3471:, pp. 88–89;
3434:, pp. 306–311
3367:, pp. 220–221
3343:, pp. 134–142
3136:, pp. 111–114
2898:Rhodesia Chronicle
2711:Constituency/Title
2697:
2589:Constituency/Title
2575:
2452:Constituency/Title
2438:
2300:Constituency/Title
2286:
2272:universal suffrage
2199:Rhodesian Bush War
2160:Sir Humphrey Gibbs
2136:
2015:MP for Marandellas
1968:Constituency/Title
1954:
1875:
1810:MP for Marandellas
1644:Constituency/Title
1630:
1567:
1269:Constituency/Title
1255:
1196: Reform Party
1173:
1086:
1049:Colonial Secretary
951:
665:
641:
557:resulting conflict
480:Emmerson Mnangagwa
92:Emmerson Mnangagwa
6722:
6721:
6705:
6704:
6648:
6647:
6608:
6607:
6431:
6430:
6371:
6370:
6242:Confederate Party
6232:Political parties
6210:Mission in Lisbon
6180:Political history
6162:
6161:
6107:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
6055:Southern Rhodesia
5988:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
5972:Southern Rhodesia
5923:
5922:
5888:
5887:
5841:
5840:
5804:
5803:
5650:Sport in Zimbabwe
5620:Human trafficking
5582:
5581:
5511:
5510:
5471:Political parties
5434:Foreign relations
5411:
5410:
5345:
5344:
5322:Cricket (to 1992)
5269:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
5212:Southern Rhodesia
5136:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
5120:Southern Rhodesia
5062:978-1-4251-4807-2
5043:978-1-4120-4952-8
4981:978-0-415-00245-5
4958:978-1-920143-49-7
4887:978-1-59221-276-7
4868:978-1-84701-020-9
4846:978-0-9584890-3-4
4787:978-1-58648-558-0
4743:978-0-7735-0534-6
4709:978-0-226-35168-1
4656:978-1-920143-35-0
4620:978-0-7146-5063-0
4601:978-0-8179-3712-6
4578:978-0-7099-3412-7
4559:978-0-87586-286-6
4499:978-1-920143-07-7
4463:978-0-7232-2015-2
4231:Lord Saint Brides
4043:, pp. 38–39.
3867:Windsor Star 1976
3494:, pp. 43, 88
3330:Saint Brides 1980
2996:Keppel-Jones 1983
2863:
2862:
2838:
2833:
2780:
2769:
2762:
2757:
2731:
2712:
2684:
2683:
2662:
2651:
2644:
2639:
2609:
2590:
2542:
2541:
2524:
2515:
2508:
2503:
2491:
2472:
2453:
2393:
2392:
2367:
2360:
2353:
2348:
2347:MP for Umzingwane
2320:
2301:
2277:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
2232:at Victoria Falls
2177:in 1966, then on
2140:Thirteen Colonies
2111:
2110:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2074:
2073:MP for Umzingwane
2049:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2016:
1988:
1969:
1945:mission in Lisbon
1871:10 Downing Street
1848:
1847:
1830:
1823:
1816:
1811:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1753:
1741:
1711:
1704:
1697:
1692:
1664:
1645:
1551:
1550:
1511:
1495:
1488:
1483:
1471:
1448:
1441:
1434:
1429:
1395:
1388:
1381:
1376:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1325:
1320:
1308:
1289:
1270:
1253:
1252:
1164:Northern Rhodesia
1047:, then Britain's
1045:Winston Churchill
997:Act of Parliament
944:Southern Rhodesia
932:
931:
928:
921:
914:
909:
899:
892:
885:
878:
873:
863:
856:
852:Administrator of
848:
838:
830:
826:Southern Rhodesia
818:
811:
806:
796:
789:
782:
775:
770:
760:
752:
745:
738:
733:
723:
716:
712:Administrator of
706:
699:
694:
684:
602:Northern Rhodesia
590:Southern Rhodesia
563:, his death from
468:Zimbabwe Rhodesia
400:Southern Rhodesia
392:
391:
349:Visa requirements
309:Foreign relations
266:Political parties
151:National Assembly
16:(Redirected from
6742:
6630:
6487:
6472:
6442:
6398:
6390:
6380:
6215:Centre in Sydney
6173:
6144:Cities and towns
6132:
6065:Second World War
6060:colonial history
5950:
5943:
5936:
5927:
5908:
5901:
5685:
5670:
5593:
5522:
5422:
5368:Cities and towns
5356:
5296:2017 coup d'état
5222:Second World War
5217:colonial history
5153:
5095:
5088:
5081:
5072:
5066:
5047:
5024:
5011:
4998:
4985:
4962:
4943:
4919:
4891:
4872:
4850:
4831:
4810:
4791:
4768:Meredith, Martin
4763:
4747:
4722:
4713:
4697:
4683:
4660:
4641:
4624:
4605:
4582:
4563:
4544:
4531:
4503:
4484:
4467:
4435:
4434:. 27 March 1974.
4426:
4424:
4422:
4397:
4395:
4393:
4381:The Windsor Star
4371:
4369:
4367:
4349:
4347:
4345:
4327:
4325:
4323:
4311:
4309:
4307:
4302:. 26 August 1975
4291:
4289:
4287:
4264:
4226:
4196:
4194:
4192:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4161:
4155:. Archived from
4132:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4056:
4050:
4044:
4038:
4032:
4027:
4021:
4015:
4009:
4003:
3994:
3989:
3983:
3978:
3965:
3959:
3953:
3947:
3936:
3922:
3916:
3911:
3905:
3904:, pp. 19–21
3895:
3889:
3880:
3869:
3856:
3850:
3844:
3838:
3829:
3823:
3813:
3807:
3797:
3791:
3785:
3779:
3773:
3764:
3758:
3752:
3746:
3740:
3734:
3728:
3722:
3716:
3706:
3700:
3682:
3676:
3670:
3664:
3658:
3652:
3646:
3640:
3634:
3628:
3618:
3609:
3608:, pp. 51–52
3595:
3589:
3583:
3577:
3571:
3562:
3556:
3550:
3544:
3535:
3525:
3519:
3513:
3507:
3501:
3495:
3489:
3480:
3466:
3435:
3429:
3420:
3414:
3403:
3397:
3391:
3386:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3350:
3344:
3338:
3332:
3327:
3321:
3315:
3302:
3301:, pp. 88–89
3296:
3275:
3269:
3263:
3257:
3251:
3245:
3239:
3233:
3227:
3221:
3215:
3209:
3203:
3197:
3184:
3178:
3172:
3166:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
3131:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3072:
3066:
3065:, pp. 16–17
3060:
3054:
3048:
3042:
3041:, pp. 14–17
3036:
3027:
3021:
3015:
3010:
2999:
2993:
2977:
2954:
2948:
2938:
2932:
2921:
2915:
2894:
2888:
2880:
2836:
2831:
2821:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2755:
2745:
2729:
2708:
2700:
2656:
2649:
2642:
2633:
2623:
2607:
2586:
2578:
2520:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2489:
2486:
2470:
2449:
2441:
2365:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2334:
2318:
2297:
2289:
2205:(ZANLA) and the
2164:Government House
2114:1965–80: UDI era
2091:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2060:
2047:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2002:
1986:
1965:
1957:
1933:election promise
1828:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1797:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1739:
1736:
1709:
1702:
1695:
1688:
1678:
1662:
1641:
1633:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1469:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1425:
1393:
1386:
1379:
1372:
1340:
1336:(died in office)
1335:
1330:
1323:
1316:
1306:
1303:
1287:
1266:
1258:
1244:
1231:
1218:
1205:
1195:
1182:
1176:
1143:Second World War
1132:roundly defeated
1057:British Treasury
1015:Colonies into a
926:
919:
912:
907:
903:Drummond Chaplin
897:
890:
883:
876:
871:
861:
851:
846:
836:
823:
816:
809:
804:
794:
787:
780:
773:
768:
758:
750:
743:
736:
731:
721:
711:
704:
697:
692:
682:
668:
620:
484:2017 coup d'état
464:general election
384:
377:
370:
254:
237:
45:
29:
21:
6750:
6749:
6745:
6744:
6743:
6741:
6740:
6739:
6725:
6724:
6723:
6718:
6701:
6644:
6629:(South African)
6628:
6604:
6578:
6538:
6478:
6463:
6454:Public holidays
6427:
6396:
6388:
6367:
6356:Security Forces
6269:Rhodesian Front
6158:
6123:
6048:First World War
6043:Second Boer War
6033:Shangani Patrol
6013:Rudd Concession
5994:
5960:
5954:
5924:
5919:
5911:
5904:
5897:
5884:
5837:
5800:
5769:
5736:
5676:
5659:
5645:Public holidays
5578:
5507:
5407:
5341:
5305:
5205:First World War
5200:Second Boer War
5190:Shangani Patrol
5170:Rudd Concession
5142:
5108:
5099:
5069:
5063:
5050:
5044:
5027:
5014:
5001:
4988:
4982:
4965:
4959:
4946:
4922:
4916:
4894:
4888:
4875:
4869:
4853:
4847:
4834:
4820:Clarendon Press
4813:
4807:
4794:
4788:
4766:
4760:Clarendon Press
4750:
4744:
4725:
4716:
4710:
4686:
4680:
4663:
4657:
4644:
4627:
4621:
4608:
4602:
4585:
4579:
4566:
4560:
4547:
4534:
4528:
4518:Alfred A. Knopf
4506:
4500:
4487:
4470:
4464:
4447:
4443:
4438:
4429:
4420:
4418:
4409:
4405:
4403:Other documents
4400:
4391:
4389:
4374:
4365:
4363:
4352:
4343:
4341:
4330:
4321:
4319:
4314:
4305:
4303:
4294:
4285:
4283:
4267:
4253:10.2307/2626673
4229:
4201:Moorcraft, Paul
4199:
4190:
4188:
4174:
4165:
4163:
4159:
4130:
4125:
4116:
4114:
4100:
4096:
4091:
4082:
4080:
4069:
4065:
4060:
4059:
4051:
4047:
4039:
4035:
4028:
4024:
4016:
4012:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3986:
3979:
3968:
3960:
3956:
3948:
3939:
3923:
3919:
3912:
3908:
3900:, p. 166;
3896:
3892:
3881:
3872:
3857:
3853:
3845:
3841:
3830:
3826:
3814:
3810:
3798:
3794:
3786:
3782:
3774:
3767:
3759:
3755:
3747:
3743:
3735:
3731:
3723:
3719:
3707:
3703:
3683:
3679:
3671:
3667:
3659:
3655:
3647:
3643:
3635:
3631:
3619:
3612:
3604:, p. 135;
3596:
3592:
3584:
3580:
3572:
3565:
3557:
3553:
3545:
3538:
3530:, p. 331;
3526:
3522:
3514:
3510:
3502:
3498:
3490:
3483:
3475:, p. 189;
3467:
3438:
3430:
3423:
3415:
3406:
3398:
3394:
3387:
3383:
3375:
3371:
3363:
3359:
3351:
3347:
3339:
3335:
3328:
3324:
3316:
3305:
3297:
3278:
3270:
3266:
3258:
3254:
3246:
3242:
3234:
3230:
3222:
3218:
3210:
3206:
3198:
3187:
3179:
3175:
3167:
3163:
3156:
3152:
3144:
3140:
3132:
3128:
3120:
3116:
3108:
3104:
3096:
3092:
3084:
3080:
3073:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3049:
3045:
3037:
3030:
3022:
3018:
3011:
3002:
2994:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2955:
2951:
2939:
2935:
2922:
2918:
2903:Rhodesia Herald
2895:
2891:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2868:
2839:
2830:
2770:
2763:
2754:
2728:
2727:Political party
2723:
2718:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2695:
2689:
2652:
2645:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2606:
2605:Political party
2601:
2596:
2594:
2588:
2585:
2558:
2552:
2547:
2522:
2516:
2509:
2501:
2498:
2469:
2468:Political party
2464:
2459:
2457:
2451:
2448:
2429:fresh elections
2412:
2400:Main articles:
2398:
2371:Rhodesian Front
2361:
2354:
2346:
2343:
2317:
2316:Political party
2312:
2307:
2305:
2299:
2296:
2213:(ZANU) and its
2121:
2116:
2097:Rhodesian Front
2087:
2080:
2072:
2069:
2039:Rhodesian Front
2029:
2022:
2014:
2011:
1985:
1984:Political party
1980:
1975:
1973:
1967:
1964:
1853:
1834:Rhodesian Front
1824:
1817:
1809:
1806:
1766:
1759:
1751:
1748:
1705:
1698:
1690:
1687:
1661:
1660:Political party
1656:
1651:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1624:that November's
1620:Rhodesian Front
1556:
1510:
1496:
1489:
1481:
1478:
1442:
1435:
1427:
1424:
1389:
1382:
1374:
1371:
1333:
1326:
1318:
1315:
1286:
1285:Political party
1281:
1276:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1249:
1242:
1236:
1229:
1223:
1221:Rhodesian Front
1216:
1210:
1203:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1180:
1160:Federation with
1124:Godfrey Huggins
1094:George Mitchell
1074:
1069:
1053:Viscount Milner
971:self-government
959:First World War
937:
922:
915:
906:
886:
879:
870:
845:
839:
828:
819:
812:
803:
783:
776:
767:
761:
746:
739:
730:
707:
700:
691:
686:Archibald Ross
674:Term of office
638:
631:
618:
616:
610:
533:were granted a
515:Rudd Concession
511:
501:Rudd Concession
499:Main articles:
497:
492:
423:George Mitchell
388:
359:
358:
340:
328:
322:Frederick Shava
311:
301:
300:
281:
271:
270:
255:
247:
238:
206:
198:
188:
187:
178:
170:
169:
129:
121:
120:
82:
74:
73:
59:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6748:
6746:
6738:
6737:
6727:
6726:
6720:
6719:
6717:
6716:
6710:
6707:
6706:
6703:
6702:
6700:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6688:
6687:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6656:
6654:
6650:
6649:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6642:
6637:
6632:
6624:
6618:
6616:
6610:
6609:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6602:
6597:
6586:
6584:
6580:
6579:
6577:
6576:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6548:
6546:
6540:
6539:
6537:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6495:
6493:
6484:
6469:
6465:
6464:
6462:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6445:
6439:
6433:
6432:
6429:
6428:
6426:
6425:
6423:Transportation
6420:
6415:
6410:
6408:Stock Exchange
6405:
6400:
6392:
6383:
6377:
6373:
6372:
6369:
6368:
6366:
6365:
6364:
6363:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6331:Prime Minister
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6302:
6296:
6290:
6284:
6278:
6272:
6266:
6260:
6254:
6249:
6247:Dominion Party
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6222:Municipalities
6219:
6218:
6217:
6212:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6176:
6170:
6164:
6163:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6135:
6129:
6125:
6124:
6122:
6121:
6116:
6115:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6079:
6078:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6052:
6051:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6023:Pioneer Column
6015:
6010:
6004:
6002:
5996:
5995:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5959: articles
5955:
5953:
5952:
5945:
5938:
5930:
5921:
5920:
5918:
5917:
5910:
5909:
5902:
5894:
5893:
5890:
5889:
5886:
5885:
5883:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5851:
5849:
5843:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5814:
5812:
5806:
5805:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5777:
5775:
5771:
5770:
5768:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5746:
5744:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5693:
5691:
5682:
5667:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5615:Child marriage
5612:
5607:
5602:
5596:
5590:
5584:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5576:
5574:Transportation
5571:
5566:
5561:
5559:Stock exchange
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5525:
5519:
5513:
5512:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5493:Prime Minister
5490:
5489:
5488:
5486:Vice-President
5478:
5476:Heads of State
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5425:
5419:
5413:
5412:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5378:Great Zimbabwe
5375:
5370:
5365:
5359:
5353:
5347:
5346:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5317:Constitutional
5313:
5311:
5307:
5306:
5304:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5277:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5236:
5235:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5180:Pioneer Column
5172:
5167:
5161:
5159:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5113:
5110:
5109:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5090:
5083:
5075:
5068:
5067:
5061:
5048:
5042:
5025:
5012:
4999:
4986:
4980:
4963:
4957:
4944:
4920:
4914:
4892:
4886:
4873:
4867:
4851:
4845:
4832:
4811:
4805:
4792:
4786:
4764:
4748:
4742:
4723:
4714:
4708:
4684:
4678:
4661:
4655:
4642:
4625:
4619:
4606:
4600:
4583:
4577:
4564:
4558:
4545:
4532:
4526:
4504:
4498:
4485:
4468:
4462:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4427:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4386:Postmedia News
4372:
4350:
4340:. 3 March 1970
4328:
4312:
4292:
4282:(18). New York
4265:
4227:
4197:
4172:
4123:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4066:
4064:
4063:Online sources
4061:
4058:
4057:
4045:
4033:
4022:
4010:
3995:
3984:
3966:
3954:
3937:
3917:
3906:
3890:
3870:
3851:
3839:
3824:
3808:
3792:
3780:
3778:, pp. 1–8
3765:
3753:
3741:
3729:
3717:
3701:
3677:
3665:
3653:
3641:
3629:
3610:
3590:
3578:
3563:
3551:
3536:
3520:
3508:
3496:
3481:
3436:
3421:
3404:
3392:
3389:Moorcraft 1990
3381:
3369:
3357:
3345:
3333:
3322:
3303:
3276:
3264:
3252:
3240:
3228:
3216:
3204:
3185:
3173:
3161:
3150:
3138:
3126:
3114:
3102:
3098:Brelsford 1960
3090:
3078:
3075:Brelsford 1954
3067:
3055:
3043:
3028:
3016:
3000:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2949:
2933:
2916:
2912:Fort Salisbury
2889:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2834:
2822:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2781:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2746:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2725:
2720:
2715:Term of office
2713:
2704:
2691:Main article:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2624:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2603:
2598:
2593:Term of office
2591:
2582:
2554:Main article:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2487:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2466:
2461:
2456:Term of office
2454:
2445:
2433:Prime Minister
2397:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2335:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2314:
2309:
2304:Term of office
2302:
2293:
2281:Prime Minister
2234:in 1975, then
2223:security force
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2061:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2024:
2017:
2003:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1989:
1982:
1977:
1972:Term of office
1970:
1961:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1798:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1737:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1691:MP for Shabani
1679:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1658:
1653:
1648:Term of office
1646:
1637:
1571:Prime Minister
1555:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1542:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:Rhodesia Party
1449:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1399:Rhodesia Party
1396:
1391:
1384:
1377:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1346:Rhodesia Party
1343:
1338:
1328:
1321:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1283:
1278:
1273:Term of office
1271:
1262:
1251:
1250:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1185:Rhodesia Party
1179:
1120:September 1933
1090:Prime Minister
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
995:, the British
975:British Empire
936:
933:
930:
929:
924:
917:
910:
894:
893:
888:
881:
874:
865:William Henry
858:
857:
849:
832:
831:
821:
814:
807:
798:William Henry
791:
790:
785:
778:
771:
754:
753:
748:
741:
734:
725:Leander Starr
718:
717:
709:
702:
695:
679:
678:
675:
672:
653:Fort Salisbury
649:Pioneer Column
612:Main article:
609:
606:
539:Queen Victoria
496:
493:
491:
488:
427:prime minister
390:
389:
387:
386:
379:
372:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:
351:
346:
339:
338:
327:
326:
325:
324:
312:
307:
306:
303:
302:
299:
298:
293:
288:
282:
277:
276:
273:
272:
269:
268:
263:
258:
257:
256:
246:
241:
240:
239:
205:
199:
194:
193:
190:
189:
186:
185:
179:
176:
175:
172:
171:
168:
167:
166:
165:
163:Constituencies
160:
159:
158:
148:
147:
146:
130:
127:
126:
123:
122:
119:
118:
113:
112:
111:
106:
99:Vice-President
96:
95:
94:
83:
80:
79:
76:
75:
72:
71:
66:
60:
55:
54:
51:
50:
47:
46:
38:
37:
32:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6747:
6736:
6733:
6732:
6730:
6715:
6712:
6711:
6708:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6686:
6683:
6682:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6657:
6655:
6651:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6619:
6617:
6615:
6611:
6601:
6598:
6595:
6591:
6588:
6587:
6585:
6581:
6574:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6549:
6547:
6545:
6541:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6496:
6494:
6492:
6488:
6485:
6482:
6477:
6476:Ethnic groups
6473:
6470:
6466:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6446:
6443:
6440:
6438:
6434:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6393:
6391:
6385:
6384:
6381:
6378:
6374:
6362:
6359:
6358:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6306:
6303:
6300:
6297:
6294:
6291:
6288:
6285:
6282:
6279:
6276:
6273:
6270:
6267:
6264:
6261:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6252:Federal Party
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6207:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6177:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6165:
6155:
6154:Zambezi River
6152:
6150:
6149:Limpopo River
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6136:
6133:
6130:
6126:
6120:
6117:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6084:
6083:
6080:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6057:
6056:
6053:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6020:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6005:
6003:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5977:
5973:
5969:
5963:
5958:
5951:
5946:
5944:
5939:
5937:
5932:
5931:
5928:
5916:
5913:
5912:
5907:
5903:
5900:
5896:
5895:
5891:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5848:
5844:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5807:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5786:
5782:
5779:
5778:
5776:
5772:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5745:
5743:
5739:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5694:
5692:
5690:
5686:
5683:
5680:
5675:
5674:Ethnic groups
5671:
5668:
5666:
5662:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5597:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5554:Zimbabwe Gold
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5514:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5450:
5447:
5446:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5426:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5414:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5360:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5348:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5240:
5237:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5213:
5210:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5177:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5126:; 1965–1979:
5125:
5122:; 1953–1963:
5121:
5118:; 1923–1980:
5117:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5096:
5091:
5089:
5084:
5082:
5077:
5076:
5073:
5064:
5058:
5054:
5049:
5045:
5039:
5035:
5031:
5026:
5022:
5018:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4987:
4983:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4964:
4960:
4954:
4950:
4945:
4941:
4937:
4933:
4929:
4925:
4924:Welensky, Roy
4921:
4917:
4915:1-85782-176-9
4911:
4907:
4903:
4902:
4898:(June 1997).
4897:
4893:
4889:
4883:
4879:
4874:
4870:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4848:
4842:
4838:
4833:
4829:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4812:
4808:
4806:9966-25-358-0
4802:
4798:
4793:
4789:
4783:
4779:
4778:PublicAffairs
4775:
4774:
4769:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4730:
4724:
4720:
4715:
4711:
4705:
4701:
4696:
4695:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4679:0-7923-0811-5
4675:
4671:
4667:
4662:
4658:
4652:
4648:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4626:
4622:
4616:
4612:
4607:
4603:
4597:
4593:
4589:
4584:
4580:
4574:
4570:
4565:
4561:
4555:
4551:
4546:
4542:
4538:
4533:
4529:
4527:0-394-48068-6
4523:
4519:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4508:Blake, Robert
4505:
4501:
4495:
4491:
4486:
4482:
4478:
4474:
4469:
4465:
4459:
4455:
4451:
4446:
4445:
4440:
4433:
4428:
4416:
4412:
4408:
4407:
4402:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4373:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4351:
4339:
4338:
4333:
4329:
4317:
4313:
4301:
4297:
4293:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4245:The MIT Press
4242:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4211:
4210:History Today
4206:
4202:
4198:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4173:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4137:
4129:
4124:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4099:
4098:
4093:
4078:
4077:
4072:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4055:, p. 73.
4054:
4053:Meredith 2007
4049:
4046:
4042:
4041:Chikuhwa 2004
4037:
4034:
4031:
4026:
4023:
4019:
4014:
4011:
4007:
4002:
4000:
3996:
3993:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3958:
3955:
3952:, p. 289
3951:
3946:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3935:, p. 216
3934:
3930:
3926:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3910:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3884:
3883:Cilliers 1984
3879:
3877:
3875:
3871:
3868:
3864:
3860:
3855:
3852:
3848:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3833:
3828:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3812:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3796:
3793:
3790:, p. 471
3789:
3784:
3781:
3777:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3763:, p. 157
3762:
3757:
3754:
3750:
3745:
3742:
3738:
3733:
3730:
3726:
3721:
3718:
3715:, p. 105
3714:
3710:
3705:
3702:
3699:, p. 105
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3681:
3678:
3674:
3669:
3666:
3662:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3645:
3642:
3638:
3633:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3594:
3591:
3587:
3582:
3579:
3576:, p. 189
3575:
3570:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3555:
3552:
3549:, p. 335
3548:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3532:Welensky 1964
3529:
3524:
3521:
3518:, p. 144
3517:
3512:
3509:
3505:
3500:
3497:
3493:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3479:, p. 136
3478:
3474:
3470:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3443:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3419:, p. 279
3418:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3405:
3402:, p. 238
3401:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3385:
3382:
3378:
3373:
3370:
3366:
3361:
3358:
3355:, p. 129
3354:
3349:
3346:
3342:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3326:
3323:
3320:, p. 189
3319:
3314:
3312:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3274:, p. 213
3273:
3268:
3265:
3262:, p. 103
3261:
3256:
3253:
3249:
3244:
3241:
3238:, p. 115
3237:
3232:
3229:
3226:, p. 111
3225:
3220:
3217:
3214:, p. 123
3213:
3208:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3183:, p. 179
3182:
3177:
3174:
3171:, p. 260
3170:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3154:
3151:
3147:
3142:
3139:
3135:
3130:
3127:
3124:, p. 101
3123:
3118:
3115:
3112:, p. 149
3111:
3106:
3103:
3100:, p. 619
3099:
3094:
3091:
3088:, p. 114
3087:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3071:
3068:
3064:
3059:
3056:
3053:, p. 191
3052:
3047:
3044:
3040:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2971:
2970:Garfield Todd
2967:
2963:
2959:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2937:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2904:
2899:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2879:
2876:
2870:
2865:
2859:
2855:
2850:
2842:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2820:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2785:
2778:
2766:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2744:
2737:
2722:Other offices
2709:(Birth–Death)
2701:
2694:
2686:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2667:
2660:
2648:
2641:
2631:
2630:
2622:
2615:
2587:(Birth–Death)
2579:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2557:
2549:
2544:
2538:
2534:
2529:
2512:
2505:
2497:
2496:
2485:
2478:
2450:(Birth–Death)
2442:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2421:
2417:
2416:Robert Mugabe
2411:
2407:
2403:
2395:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2372:
2357:
2350:
2342:
2341:
2333:
2326:
2298:(Birth–Death)
2290:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2244:Abel Muzorewa
2241:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2133:
2130:
2125:
2118:
2113:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2083:
2076:
2068:
2067:
2059:
2052:
2045:
2040:
2025:
2018:
2010:
2009:
2001:
1994:
1966:(Birth–Death)
1958:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1925:Harold Wilson
1922:
1918:
1917:
1911:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1872:
1868:
1867:Harold Wilson
1864:
1861:
1857:
1850:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1820:
1813:
1805:
1804:
1796:
1789:
1786:
1782:
1777:
1762:
1755:
1747:
1746:
1735:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1701:
1694:
1686:
1685:
1677:
1670:
1642:(Birth–Death)
1634:
1628:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1616:Winston Field
1613:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1596:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1575:Garfield Todd
1572:
1565:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1519:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1492:
1485:
1477:
1476:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1438:
1431:
1428:MP for Gwanda
1423:
1422:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1385:
1378:
1375:MP for Gwanda
1370:
1369:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1329:
1322:
1314:
1313:
1302:
1295:
1267:(Birth–Death)
1259:
1248:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1201:
1200:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1083:
1078:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1026:
1025:Privy Council
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
993:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
949:
945:
941:
934:
925:
918:
911:
905:
904:
895:
889:
882:
875:
869:
868:
859:
855:
850:
844:
843:
837:Arthur Lawley
833:
827:
822:
802:
801:
792:
786:
779:
772:
766:
765:
755:
749:
742:
735:
729:
728:
719:
715:
710:
703:
696:
690:
689:
680:
669:
663:
660:
658:
654:
650:
646:
645:administrator
636:
615:
607:
605:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
578:
576:
572:
571:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
545:
540:
536:
535:Royal Charter
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
510:
506:
502:
494:
489:
487:
485:
481:
477:
476:Robert Mugabe
473:
469:
465:
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
405:
404:administrator
401:
397:
385:
380:
378:
373:
371:
366:
365:
363:
362:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
341:
337:
333:
330:
329:
323:
319:
318:
317:
314:
313:
310:
305:
304:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
283:
280:
275:
274:
267:
264:
262:
259:
253:
250:
245:
244:
242:
236:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
209:
204:
203:
201:
200:
197:
192:
191:
184:
183:Supreme Court
181:
180:
174:
173:
164:
161:
157:
154:
153:
152:
149:
145:
142:
141:
140:
137:
136:
135:
132:
131:
125:
124:
117:
114:
110:
107:
105:
102:
101:
100:
97:
93:
90:
89:
88:
85:
84:
78:
77:
70:
67:
65:
62:
61:
58:
53:
52:
49:
48:
44:
40:
39:
35:
30:
27:
19:
6670:Coat of arms
6468:Demographics
6403:Reserve Bank
6179:
6018:Company rule
6008:Pre-colonial
5968:Company rule
5865:Coat of arms
5665:Demographics
5640:Prostitution
5605:Architecture
5529:Central bank
5444:Human rights
5175:Company rule
5165:Pre-colonial
5116:Company rule
5052:
5029:
5016:
5003:
4990:
4967:
4948:
4927:
4899:
4877:
4858:
4836:
4815:
4796:
4776:. New York:
4772:
4755:
4728:
4718:
4693:
4665:
4646:
4629:
4610:
4592:Hoover Press
4587:
4568:
4549:
4536:
4516:. New York:
4512:
4489:
4472:
4449:
4441:Bibliography
4419:. Retrieved
4413:. New York:
4390:. Retrieved
4379:
4364:. Retrieved
4357:
4342:. Retrieved
4335:
4322:26 September
4320:. Retrieved
4304:. Retrieved
4284:. Retrieved
4279:
4273:
4240:
4234:
4214:
4208:
4189:. Retrieved
4184:
4180:
4164:. Retrieved
4157:the original
4140:
4134:
4115:. Retrieved
4110:
4106:
4081:. Retrieved
4074:
4048:
4036:
4025:
4020:, p. 89
4013:
4008:, p. 79
3987:
3957:
3933:Wessels 2010
3925:Sibanda 2005
3920:
3909:
3893:
3887:Lockley 1990
3854:
3842:
3827:
3816:Wessels 2010
3811:
3800:Wessels 2010
3795:
3783:
3756:
3744:
3732:
3720:
3713:Wessels 2010
3704:
3697:Wessels 2010
3680:
3668:
3656:
3651:, p. 70
3644:
3639:, p. 35
3632:
3625:Wessels 2010
3593:
3588:, p. 38
3581:
3561:, p. 47
3554:
3534:, p. 64
3523:
3511:
3506:, p. 33
3499:
3395:
3384:
3372:
3360:
3353:Willson 1963
3348:
3336:
3325:
3267:
3255:
3250:, p. 46
3248:Willson 1963
3243:
3236:Willson 1963
3231:
3224:Willson 1963
3219:
3207:
3176:
3164:
3153:
3148:, p. 18
3146:Wessels 2010
3141:
3134:Willson 1963
3129:
3122:Willson 1963
3117:
3105:
3093:
3081:
3070:
3063:Wessels 2010
3058:
3051:Hopkins 2002
3046:
3019:
2998:, p. 77
2991:
2958:United Party
2952:
2942:
2936:
2919:
2901:
2897:
2892:
2878:
2826:
2750:
2628:
2570:Joshua Nkomo
2559:
2494:
2413:
2339:
2228:
2195:
2187:a referendum
2180:
2173:
2152:Elizabeth II
2148:unrecognised
2137:
2131:
2065:
2007:
1941:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1896:
1891:R. A. Butler
1876:
1862:
1802:
1744:
1683:
1604:
1599:a referendum
1595:Roy Welensky
1592:
1568:
1545:United Party
1487:12 September
1474:
1440:12 September
1420:
1367:
1311:
1156:a referendum
1146:
1136:
1128:United Party
1117:
1105:
1087:
1041:A referendum
1029:
1009:Orange River
990:
952:
902:
866:
854:Matabeleland
841:
799:
763:
737:10 September
726:
705:10 September
687:
661:
642:
579:
568:
527:Cecil Rhodes
523:Matabeleland
512:
461:
453:Elizabeth II
442:unrecognised
431:
426:
395:
393:
243:Referendums
109:Kembo Mohadi
69:Human rights
57:Constitution
26:
6519:Rusape Jews
5978:; 1965–79:
5974:; 1953–63:
5970:; 1923–80:
5966:1890–1923:
5717:Rusape Jews
5456:Land reform
5449:LGBT rights
5281:Gukurahundi
5114:1890–1923:
4752:Leys, Colin
4366:18 November
4344:25 February
4306:15 November
4247:: 177–184.
4143:(1969sep).
3832:Harris 1969
3693:Berlyn 1978
3689:Harris 1969
3673:Palley 1966
3661:Berlyn 1978
3637:Berlyn 1978
3621:Berlyn 1978
3602:Berlyn 1978
3473:Hutson 1978
3379:, p. 9
3341:Berlyn 1978
3318:Hutson 1978
3260:Berlyn 1978
3202:, p. 8
3110:Palley 1966
3039:Ranger 2010
3026:, p. 3
2837:21 November
2832:(born 1942)
2768:21 November
2761:22 December
2756:(born 1924)
2650:22 December
2634:(born 1924)
2514:12 December
2500:(1925–2010)
2352:11 November
2345:(1919–2007)
2215:Warsaw Pact
2085:11 November
2071:(1919–2007)
2013:(1904–1969)
1927:'s British
1822:31 December
1815:17 December
1808:(1904–1969)
1764:17 December
1757:17 February
1750:(1905–1971)
1703:17 February
1696:7 September
1689:(1908–2002)
1494:7 September
1480:(1883–1971)
1426:(1867–1937)
1380:2 September
1373:(1869–1951)
1317:(1863–1927)
1141:during the
1107:sui generis
1092:in 1933 by
977:—the same "
920:1 September
908:(1866–1933)
877:20 December
872:(1854–1930)
847:(1860–1932)
817:20 December
805:(1854–1930)
769:(1851–1917)
759:Albert Grey
732:(1853–1917)
714:Mashonaland
693:(1848–1914)
575:Mashonaland
482:during the
394:The modern
354:Visa policy
336:in Zimbabwe
128:Legislature
6552:Afrikaners
6459:Rhodesiana
6195:Parliament
6075:Federation
5976:Federation
5765:Portuguese
5750:Afrikaners
5481:Presidents
5466:Parliament
5157:Chronology
5124:Federation
4993:. London:
4940:B0006DBAJ6
4930:. London:
4904:. London:
4896:Smith, Ian
4828:B0000CMYXJ
4818:. Oxford:
4539:. London:
4298:. London:
4166:18 October
3929:Smith 1997
3898:Binda 2008
3859:Binda 2008
3847:Smith 1997
3649:Smith 1997
3606:Smith 1997
3559:Smith 1997
3547:Blake 1977
3528:Blake 1977
3504:Smith 1997
3400:Blake 1977
3365:Blake 1977
3272:Blake 1977
3212:Okoth 2006
3181:Blake 1977
3086:Blake 1977
2983:References
2132:(pictured)
1608:chief whip
1547:(1934–53)
1080:The first
1021:Afrikaners
913:1 November
884:1 November
840:6th Baron
810:5 December
781:5 December
320:Minister:
134:Parliament
81:Government
6622:Afrikaans
6614:Languages
6590:Coloureds
6351:Provinces
6326:President
6200:Elections
6185:Districts
6128:Geography
5833:Sindebele
5818:Afrikaans
5810:Languages
5781:Coloureds
5429:Elections
5388:Provinces
5373:Districts
5351:Geography
4972:Routledge
4638:224687202
4223:0018-2753
4147:: 72–80.
3981:Winn 1979
3863:ZANU 1974
3820:Wood 2008
3804:Wood 2008
3788:Wood 2005
3776:Wood 2008
3749:Wood 2005
3737:Wood 2005
3709:Wood 2005
3598:Wood 2005
3586:Wood 2005
3574:Wood 2005
3516:Leys 1959
3492:Gale 1973
3477:Leys 1959
3469:Gale 1973
3432:Leys 1959
3417:Wood 2005
3377:Wood 2005
3299:Gale 1973
3200:Wood 2005
2927:into the
2908:Fort Tuli
2827:Mnangagwa
2825:Emmerson
2779:(1986–89)
2703:Portrait
2661:(1986–89)
2581:Portrait
2566:President
2563:executive
2444:Portrait
2292:Portrait
2260:elections
2236:in Geneva
2191:President
2020:1 January
1960:Portrait
1860:Ian Smith
1745:Whitehead
1682:Garfield
1636:Portrait
1612:Ian Smith
1331:28 August
1324:1 October
1261:Portrait
1168:Nyasaland
1151:George VI
1032:dividends
1013:Transvaal
764:Earl Grey
698:1 October
688:Colquhoun
519:Lobengula
457:President
449:Salisbury
429:in 1933.
407:appointed
291:Districts
286:Provinces
196:Elections
177:Judiciary
144:President
87:President
6729:Category
6714:Category
6692:Insignia
6685:national
6627:English
6529:Tokaleya
6481:diaspora
6321:Governor
6168:Politics
6119:Zimbabwe
6087:Bush War
5992:Zimbabwe
5986:; 1979:
5980:Rhodesia
5915:Category
5727:Tokaleya
5679:diaspora
5635:Polygamy
5600:Abortion
5461:Military
5417:Politics
5403:Wildlife
5337:Military
5310:By topic
5249:Bush War
5244:Rhodesia
5140:Zimbabwe
5134:; 1979:
5128:Rhodesia
5106:articles
5102:Zimbabwe
4926:(1964).
4754:(1959).
4510:(1977).
4421:11 March
4286:11 March
4203:(1990).
4191:11 March
4117:10 March
4083:10 March
4030:BBC 1979
3914:BBC 1975
2843:present
2643:18 April
2495:Muzorewa
2268:majority
2181:Fearless
2156:Governor
2078:13 April
2027:13 April
2006:Winston
1937:May 1965
1801:Winston
1473:Godfrey
1460: –
1421:Mitchell
1310:Charles
1147:pro rata
983:dominion
946:and the
901:Francis
677:Post(s)
586:Rhodesia
570:izinDuna
565:smallpox
561:Bulawayo
529:and his
438:Governor
344:Passport
202:General
6653:Symbols
6640:Ndebele
6600:Indians
6594:Goffals
6573:Rhodies
6557:British
6514:Ndebele
6509:Manyika
6437:Society
6418:Tourism
6387:Dollar
6376:Economy
6341:Cabinet
6283:(SRANC)
6000:History
5899:Outline
5847:Symbols
5823:English
5796:Indians
5785:Goffals
5755:British
5712:Ndebele
5707:Manyika
5588:Culture
5569:Tourism
5517:Economy
5148:History
4932:Collins
4541:Cassell
4481:4282978
4392:20 June
4261:2626673
2749:Robert
2627:Robert
1904:Selukwe
1588:in June
1475:Huggins
1419:George
1366:Howard
1312:Coghlan
1017:unitary
842:Wenlock
774:2 April
744:2 April
727:Jameson
582:Zambezi
553:Mashona
495:Context
417:, with
409:by the
156:Speaker
116:Cabinet
6697:Flower
6675:Emblem
6665:Anthem
6660:Animal
6583:Others
6562:Greeks
6395:Pound
6307:(UNFP)
6295:(SRLP)
6289:(SRCP)
6227:Police
5982:under
5880:Flower
5870:Emblem
5860:Anthem
5855:Animal
5774:Others
5760:Greeks
5393:Rivers
5130:under
5104:
5059:
5040:
4978:
4955:
4938:
4912:
4884:
4865:
4843:
4826:
4803:
4784:
4740:
4706:
4676:
4653:
4636:
4617:
4598:
4575:
4556:
4524:
4496:
4479:
4460:
4275:People
4259:
4221:
2751:Mugabe
2629:Mugabe
2507:1 June
2490:Bishop
2408:, and
2359:1 June
1929:Labour
1916:indaba
1863:(left)
1743:Edgar
1433:5 July
1387:5 July
1368:Moffat
1245:
1243:
1232:
1230:
1219:
1217:
1206:
1204:
1194:
1183:
1181:
955:fought
867:Milton
800:Milton
549:Tswana
507:, and
139:Senate
6680:Flags
6635:Shona
6544:White
6534:Tonga
6524:Shona
6504:Lemba
6499:Kunda
6491:Black
6316:Queen
6301:(UFP)
6277:(RLP)
6265:(RAP)
6259:(RGA)
5906:Index
5828:Shona
5742:White
5732:Tonga
5722:Shona
5702:Lemba
5697:Kunda
5689:Black
5630:Music
5625:Media
4257:JSTOR
4160:(PDF)
4131:(PDF)
2871:Notes
2840:2017
2771:2017
2764:1987
2734:Refs
2730:of PM
2653:1987
2646:1980
2612:Refs
2608:of PM
2517:1979
2510:1979
2493:Abel
2475:Refs
2471:of PM
2362:1979
2355:1965
2340:Smith
2323:Refs
2319:of PM
2174:Tiger
2088:1965
2081:1964
2066:Smith
2030:1964
2023:1964
2008:Field
1991:Refs
1987:of PM
1825:1963
1818:1962
1803:Field
1767:1962
1760:1958
1706:1958
1699:1953
1667:Refs
1663:of PM
1497:1953
1490:1933
1443:1933
1436:1933
1390:1933
1383:1927
1334:1927
1327:1923
1292:Refs
1288:of PM
1005:Natal
923:1923
916:1914
887:1914
880:1901
820:1901
813:1898
784:1898
777:1896
747:1896
740:1894
708:1894
701:1890
671:Name
296:Wards
6567:Jews
6271:(RF)
5875:Flag
5791:Jews
5057:ISBN
5038:ISBN
4976:ISBN
4953:ISBN
4936:ASIN
4910:ISBN
4882:ISBN
4863:ISBN
4841:ISBN
4824:ASIN
4801:ISBN
4782:ISBN
4738:ISBN
4704:ISBN
4674:ISBN
4651:ISBN
4634:OCLC
4615:ISBN
4596:ISBN
4573:ISBN
4554:ISBN
4522:ISBN
4494:ISBN
4477:OCLC
4458:ISBN
4423:2012
4394:2012
4368:2011
4346:2012
4324:2011
4308:2011
4288:2012
4219:ISSN
4193:2012
4168:2011
4119:2012
4085:2012
2956:The
2925:raid
2910:and
2900:and
2858:2018
2809:2013
2805:2008
2801:2002
2797:1996
2793:1990
2706:Name
2679:1985
2675:1980
2584:Name
2537:1979
2447:Name
2388:1977
2384:1974
2380:1970
2338:Ian
2295:Name
2179:HMS
2172:HMS
2144:1776
2106:1965
2064:Ian
1963:Name
1886:and
1843:1962
1785:1958
1724:1954
1684:Todd
1639:Name
1540:1948
1536:1946
1532:1939
1528:1934
1524:1933
1408:1928
1355:1924
1264:Name
1166:and
1098:1932
1059:for
1011:and
1001:Cape
762:4th
633:The
596:and
252:2013
249:2000
235:2023
232:2018
229:2013
226:2008
223:2005
220:2000
217:1995
214:1990
211:1985
208:1980
5984:UDI
5610:Art
5132:UDI
4300:BBC
4249:doi
4149:doi
2246:'s
2142:in
1740:Sir
1470:Sir
1307:Sir
1154:of
898:Sir
862:Sir
795:Sir
683:Sir
537:by
521:of
6731::
5036:.
4974:.
4934:.
4908:.
4822:.
4780:.
4736:.
4702:.
4672:.
4594:.
4520:.
4456:.
4378:.
4356:.
4334:.
4280:11
4278:.
4272:.
4255:.
4239:.
4215:40
4213:.
4207:.
4183:.
4179:.
4141:23
4139:.
4133:.
4111:II
4109:.
4105:.
4073:.
3998:^
3969:^
3940:^
3873:^
3865:;
3834:;
3768:^
3691:;
3687:;
3613:^
3566:^
3539:^
3484:^
3439:^
3424:^
3407:^
3306:^
3279:^
3188:^
3031:^
3003:^
2807:,
2803:,
2799:,
2795:,
2677:,
2404:,
2386:,
2382:,
2283:.
2193:.
2158:,
1538:,
1534:,
1530:,
1526:,
1170:.
1115:.
1007:,
1003:,
722:Dr
604:.
503:,
486:.
459:.
334:/
6596:)
6592:(
6575:"
6571:"
6483:)
6479:(
5949:e
5942:t
5935:v
5787:)
5783:(
5681:)
5677:(
5094:e
5087:t
5080:v
5065:.
5046:.
5023:.
5010:.
4997:.
4984:.
4961:.
4942:.
4918:.
4890:.
4871:.
4849:.
4830:.
4809:.
4790:.
4762:.
4746:.
4712:.
4682:.
4659:.
4640:.
4623:.
4604:.
4581:.
4562:.
4543:.
4530:.
4502:.
4483:.
4466:.
4425:.
4396:.
4370:.
4348:.
4326:.
4310:.
4290:.
4263:.
4251::
4241:4
4225:.
4195:.
4185:2
4170:.
4151::
4121:.
4087:.
2717:—
2595:—
2458:—
2366:–
2306:—
2092:–
2048:–
2034:–
1974:—
1878:"
1829:–
1650:—
1447:–
1275:—
1061:£
383:e
376:t
369:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
