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his brothel. Multiple investigations were conducted and found that the released tapes were selectively edited to portray ACORN as negatively as possible, and found James O'Keefe's recordings violated privacy laws in
Maryland and California. The organization conducted its own audits and cooperated with investigations of employees, referring some cases to law enforcement. Not one of the cases were forward to a judge. In the meantime, however, the organization suffered an immediate loss of funding from government agencies with which it had contracts and from private donors.
811:. On December 13, 1975, sixty leaders from the three ACORN states elected the first associate Executive Board and the first ACORN president, Steve McDonald, to deal with matters beyond the scope of the individual city and state boards. Each year thereafter ACORN chapters were established in three or more states, building to a total of 20 states represented by 1980. This expansion led to multi-state campaigns, beginning with a mass meeting of 1,000 members in
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1287:$ 948,607.50 from the group and affiliated charitable organizations in 1999 and 2000. ACORN executives decided to handle it as an internal matter, and did not inform most of the board members or law enforcement, and instead signed an enforceable restitution agreement with the Rathke family to repay the amount of the embezzlement. $ 210,000 has already been repaid, and a donor,
1384:, after an independent internal investigation of ACORN, found the videos that had been released appeared to have been edited, "in some cases substantially". He found no evidence of criminal conduct by ACORN employees, but concluded that ACORN had poor management practices that contributed to unprofessional actions by a number of its low-level employees. On March 1, 2010, the
72:
1388:'s office for Brooklyn determined that the videos were "heavily edited" and "many of the seemingly crime-encouraging answers were taken out of context so as to appear more sinister", and concluded that there was no criminal wrongdoing by the ACORN staff in the videos from the Brooklyn ACORN office. On April 1, 2010, an investigation by the
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organization was dogged for years by financial problems and accusations of fraud." "That 20-minute video ruined 40 years of good work," said Sonja
Merchant-Jones, former co-chairwoman of ACORN's recently closed Maryland chapter. "But if the organization had confronted its own internal problems, it might not have been taken down so easily."
1468:
ACORN CEO Bertha Lewis reported that ACORN was "still alive. We're limping along. We're on life support." Lewis said that ACORN's annual budget had been reduced from $ 25 million to $ 4 million, and that its staff of 350 to 600 people had been reduced to four. Lewis explained the controversies had left a stain on ACORN, "sort of like a
1417:. One argument was that while government funding choices do not generally qualify as bills of attainder, the lack of a non-punitive regulatory purpose for the legislation may give a court "sufficient basis to overcome the presumption of constitutionality." The court issued a preliminary injunction that nullified the act.
400:
and Hannah Giles secretly recorded, and released videos of interactions with low-level ACORN personnel in several of their offices. In the videos, James poses as a pimp attempting to start a brothel with underage immigrant girls from
Central America. ACORN personnel attempt to help James with housing
1190:
ACORN chapter. The report said claims that
Iglesias was fired for poor performance were not credible, and the "real reason for Iglesias's removal was the complaints from New Mexico Republican politicians and party activists about how Iglesias handled voter fraud ." Iglesias did not believe there was
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On March 22, 2010, National ACORN spokesman Kevin Whelan says the organization's board decided to close remaining state affiliates and field offices by April 1 because of falling revenues. Other national operations continued operating for another several weeks before shutting for good. On April 20,
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After the videos were made public, the U.S. Congress voted to eliminate federal funding to ACORN. The House passed a bill by a 345–75 vote to stop all federal funding to ACORN. Every House
Republican who attended the vote backed the measure, as well as 172 Democrats, while only 75 Democrats opposed
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and O'Keefe posed as her boyfriend in order to elicit damaging responses from employees of ACORN. The videos were recorded over the summer of 2009 while visiting ACORN offices in eight cities, and purported to show low-level ACORN employees in several cities providing advice to Giles and O'Keefe on
998:
While some of ACORN's most notable efforts were in the area of housing, it has counted health, public safety, education, representation, work and workers' rights and communications concerns among its victories. The 1990 ACORN convention in
Chicago focused on the fast-breaking housing campaign. It
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claimed in a subpoena that ACORN's board of directors found that a larger amount—$ 5 million—had been embezzled from the organization. Bertha Lewis, ACORN's CEO, said the allegation is false. On
November 6, following up on the subpoena, Caldwell served a search warrant at the ACORN headquarters in
1302:
In
September 2008, following revelations of Dale Rathke's embezzlement, two members of ACORN's national board of directors filed a lawsuit seeking to obtain financial documents and to force the organization to sever ties with Wade Rathke. ACORN's executive committee voted unanimously to remove the
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that the following weekend, a teleconference was planned to discuss a bankruptcy filing; "private donations from foundations to Acorn all but evaporated," and the federal government had distanced itself from the group. "ong before the activist videos delivered what may become the final blow, the
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reported that ACORN was on the verge of filing for bankruptcy; 15 of the group's 30 state chapters had disbanded over the previous six months, and other chapters (including the largest, in New York and
California) renamed themselves and severed all ties to the national organization. Two unnamed
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reported that, according to Wade Rathke, "the decision to keep the matter secret was not made to protect his brother but because word of the embezzlement would have put a 'weapon' into the hands of enemies of ACORN, a liberal group that is a frequent target of conservatives who object to ACORN's
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hearing room. It established ACORN Housing
Corporation to assist people in moving into homes under the housing campaign, and to rehabilitate hundreds of houses addressed by the CRA. The ACORN convention in New York in 1992, called the "ACORN-Bank Summit", was organized to make deals with giant
1405:
In late 2009, after various allegations of criminal activity due to the videos, a number of Democrats who once advertised their connections to ACORN began to distance themselves. In immediate response to the 2009 video controversy, the United States House and Senate, by wide margins, attached
409:
liquidation effectively closing the organization. ACORN members and organizers formed new organizations in at least three states while ACORN groups outside of the US continued unaffected. ACORN, under ACORN International, still works within the US through its Home Savers Campaign, for example.
1439:
On August 13, 2010 the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed Judge Gershon's decision. The appeals court cited a study finding that only 10% of ACORN's funding came from federal sources, and stated, "We doubt that the direct consequences of the appropriations laws temporarily
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amendments to pending spending legislation that would temporarily prohibit the federal government from funding ACORN, or any agency that had been involved in similar scandals — including money authorized by previous legislation. President Obama signed the bill into law on October 1.
1436:(GAO) opened an investigation of ACORN in December 2009. In June 2010, the GAO released a preliminary report stating the investigation has found no sign the group or related organizations mishandled the $ 40 million in federal money they received from nine federal agencies.
1296:
often strident advocacy on behalf of low- and moderate-income families and workers." A whistleblower revealed the embezzlement in 2008. On June 2, 2008, Dale Rathke was dismissed, and Wade stepped down as ACORN's chief organizer, but he remains chief organizer for
1377:, on August 13, 2010, a federal appeals court upheld the congressional act that cut off federal funding for ACORN. In March 2010, ACORN announced it would be closing its offices and disbanding due to loss of funding from government and private donors.
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charities; and the national nonprofit and nonstock organization, ACORN Housing Corporation. ACORN's priorities included: better housing and wages for the poor, more community development investment from banks and governments, better public schools,
988:
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called this claim "breathtakingly inaccurate," but acknowledged that ACORN had problems with phony registrations. The ads also claimed that home loan programs ACORN promoted were partly responsible for the sub-prime mortgage crisis, claims which
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conspiracy theories. (In a follow-poll in 2012, PPP found that 49% of Republicans, nearly the same percentage as in 2009, believed that ACORN had stolen the 2012 election for Obama, despite the fact that by then ACORN was no longer operating.)
921:, which resulted in more participation by minorities, including women. At-large voting tends to favor candidates who can appeal to the majority and who can command more campaign funding, reducing participation by a wider variety of citizens.
404:
The loss of funds had been too damaging, and by March 2010, 15 of ACORN's 30 state chapters had already closed. ACORN announced it was closing its remaining state chapters and disbanding. On November 2, 2010, its U.S. offices filed for
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453:, in the US ACORN had an annual budget of approximately US$ 25 million, with approximately 10% of those funds coming from federal sources, a smaller figure from state sources, and the rest coming from supporters and membership.
2811:
According to the California Attorney General's investigation report, page 8, the recordings occurred in ACORN offices in eight cities: Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, D.C., Brooklyn, Miami, Los Angeles, San Diego, and San
1123:, seeking to improve their $ 20,200 annual salary for a 54-hour work week. The NLRB ordered the two employees be reinstated in their former jobs and that ACORN cease from interrogating employees about organizing activity.
846:
By 1980, ACORN's staff was stretched thin by the demands of meeting its expansion goals. Much of its resources and energy had been dedicated to the presidential primaries and national party conventions. ACORN launched
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The leadership and staff that were working with ACORN in California made the decision to break off from ACORN and launch a new organization here in California called Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment
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found the videos from Los Angeles, San Diego and San Bernardino to be "heavily edited," and the investigation did not find evidence of criminal conduct on the part of ACORN employees. On June 14, 2010, the U.S.
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ACORN was among groups conducting voter registration drives prior to the 2008 presidential election; it was alleged they were responsible for voter registration fraud and had a conflict of interest. During the
775:
laws, began their effort to create and sustain a movement to assist welfare and lower-income working individuals; they developed the Arkansas Community Organizations for Reform Now, the beginnings of ACORN.
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A Milwaukee offshoot of ACORN called Acorn Housing changed its name to Affordable Housing Centers of America yet has retained the same tax and employee identification numbers that it held under its former
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Throughout the election season, supporters of Republican candidates alleged that ACORN was responsible for widespread vote fraud. In October 2008, the campaign for Republican presidential candidate
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estimated that ACORN received $ 42 million in federal funds since the 2000 budget year; the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee estimated that ACORN received $ 53 million since 1994.
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1224:, ACORN Votes, endorsed Barack Obama. Obama, with several other attorneys, had served as local counsel for ACORN more than a decade earlier in a 1995 voting rights lawsuit joined by the
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1212:, said, "Absolutely none. All funds would go to state and local governments." Critics also claimed that ACORN's complex organizational structure allowed it to escape public scrutiny.
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conventions. ACORN was criticized by Republicans for its support of Democratic candidates and for its general support of political positions that are more often favored by Democrats.
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ACORN is a liberal organization, and in the US its legally separate political action arm frequently endorsed causes and candidates, including the 2008 Democratic presidential nominee
150:
96:
44:
1232:. Obama's campaign hired an ACORN affiliate for $ 800,000 to conduct a get-out-the-vote effort during that primary, but did not retain ACORN for the general presidential election.
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1428:, wrote a five-page memorandum concluding that the law does not prohibit the government from paying ACORN for services already performed. On December 11, U.S. District Judge
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1069:, hitting sales offices in 14 cities and a stockholders meeting. Allstate agreed to negotiate and signed an agreement in 1994 for a $ 10 million partnership with ACORN and
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ACORN wanted to endorse a candidate, setting a 75% support in polls among members as its requirement. No candidate reached that level, though there was strong support for
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featured a squatting demonstration at an RTC house. ACORN members demanded that banks provide loan data on low- and moderate-income communities and comply with the 1977
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efforts within its own organization by laying off two workers who were trying to organize. The two workers, both field organizers with ACORN, began discussions with the
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it. The Senate, earlier had passed a bill by an 83 to 7 margin to bar ACORN from receiving federal housing grants from the Department of Housing and Urban Development.
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1397:(GAO) released its findings which showed that ACORN evidenced no sign that it, or any of its related organizations, mishandled any federal money they had received.
1315:
New Orleans. Caldwell stated, "This is an investigation of everything—Acorn, the national organization, the local organization and all of its affiliated entities."
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Ranches" in Washington, DC and more than 35 other cities, in reaction to its belief that the president was focused on military as opposed to social spending. These
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released a Web-based advertisement claiming ACORN was responsible for "massive voter fraud," a point that Sen. McCain repeated in the final presidential debate.
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ACORN's membership grew to more than 70,000 in 28 states during this time. It increased its legislative lobbying efforts in Washington, DC, and strengthened its
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ACORN sued the United States Government in the United States District Court in Brooklyn over the measure, known as the "Defund ACORN Act", claiming it was a
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2011:
1265:. That number increased to 56% amongst Republicans polled. The Democratic polling organization commented that this was somewhat higher than belief in the
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50:
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After ACORN International was founded, groups in other countries became affiliated, include Living Rent in Scotland and Alliance Citoyenne in France.
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causes and social justice issues. ACORN pursued these goals through demonstration, negotiation, lobbying for legislation, and voter participation.
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could potentially lead to money going to groups like ACORN. When asked how much money ACORN or other community groups would get, a spokesman for
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issued a preliminary injunction blocking the government from enforcing its temporary spending ban, a week before it was set to expire. The
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438:
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conference with the outline of a nine-point "People's Platform." When ratified in 1979, this became the foundation of ACORN's platform.
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and Gary Delgado, and, at its peak in the US, had over 500,000 members and more than 1,200 neighborhood chapters in over 100 cities.
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1985:
757:
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58:
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165:
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385:-based organizations that advocated for low- and moderate-income families by working. The association was founded in 1970 by
154:
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1444:, which had argued the case on ACORN's behalf, was considering a request for a rehearing by more judges of the 2nd Circuit.
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precluding ACORN from federal funds were so disproportionately severe or so inappropriate as to constitute punishment." The
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agreed to a Neighborhood and Home Safety Program, linking access to insurance and lower rates to public safety programs.
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about what they described as the housing crisis in America. The last Reagan Ranch was held at the Republican Convention in
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281:
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Members and staff of California ACORN founded a new organization, the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment.
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two, "because their actions—such as releasing a confidential legal memo to the press—were damaging the organization."
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1198:, some commentators claimed that a draft provision (omitted in the adopted bill) to give money to funds run by the
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Although the resolutions were later nullified in a federal court ruling that the measure was an unconstitutional
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2008:
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906:
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After the dissolution of ACORN in the US, some chapters continued operations by setting up new organization:
1023:, which provided for voter registration at motor vehicle bureaus. After its passage, ACORN members attended
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1977:
1908:"Liquid Tenancy: 'Post-crisis' economies of displacement, community organizing, and new forms of resistance"
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1004:
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772:
354:
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143:
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reported on July 9, 2008, that Dale Rathke, the brother of ACORN's founder Wade Rathke, was found to have
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1093:
918:
875:
827:
419:
1940:"New Report Finds Widespread Local Use of Affordable Housing Program Being Currently Debated in Congress"
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4111:
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4016:
4001:
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3941:
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3682:
Seeds of Change: The Story of ACORN, America's Most Controversial Antipoverty Community Organizing Group
2538:
1254:
1173:
867:
834:; marched on the president's campaign finance committee chair's home; and presented its platform to the
686:
423:
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1186:(one of nine US attorneys removed in 2006) for political reasons after Iglesias failed to prosecute a
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1850:(Press release). Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment. January 13, 2010. Archived from
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was created in 2004 as an offshoot of ACORN to aid the spread of ACORN's model to other countries.
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901:. During this period ACORN also focused on local election reform in a number of cities, including
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812:
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The Americanization of French social movements? Community organizing and its discontents in the
3278:
1472:," forcing the group to spend money defending itself against "one investigation after another."
1065:, a practice that put the gains made in other housing campaigns at risk. The campaign targeted
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4152:
3986:
3911:
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3871:
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3664:
3639:
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1991:
1981:
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1385:
1374:
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992:
628:
82:
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1943:
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4207:
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2997:
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1919:
1751:
1413:, and therefore unconstitutional. Experts varied on the merit of the case, which was styled
1354:
how to avoid taxes and detection by the authorities with regard to their plans to engage in
1342:
1334:
1176:
1097:
972:
964:
870:, which tried repeatedly to evict the tenters. The protesters remained; they marched on the
753:
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484:
397:
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1012:, the nation's largest bank, did not participate, conventioneers protested at its downtown
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3339:
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2128:
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2015:
1359:
792:
760:. ACORN's first campaign was to help welfare recipients attain their basic needs, such as
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603:
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3582:
Housing will be the basis for all change in our country': an interview with Living Rent
3406:
2790:
2340:
1971:
1880:
1311:
929:
898:
691:
2638:"Ousted ACORN members seek federal criminal investigation – Pittsburgh Tribune-Review"
1748:"Second Video Shows ACORN Officials Helping 'Pimp,' 'Prostitute' in Washington Office"
4572:
4539:
4341:
3019:
2954:
2823:
2783:"Brown Releases Report Detailing a Litany of Problems with ACORN, But No Criminality"
2718:
2612:
2280:
2263:
1810:
1755:
1522:
1346:
1288:
1240:
1180:
1028:
1003:(CRA). ACORN fought weakening of the CRA in 1991, staging a two-day takeover of the
940:, ACORN held its National Convention in the same city as the Democratic Convention —
925:
894:
879:
859:
696:
3372:
2264:"An Investigation into the Removal of Nine U.S. Attorneys in 2006, pp. 156–167, 190"
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1101:
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1024:
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By the end of Reagan's first term, ACORN operated in 27 states, adding chapters in
831:
808:
788:
780:
745:
661:
518:
3450:
3109:
Damaging Brooklyn ACORN Sting Video Ruled 'Heavily Edited,' No Charges to Be Filed
2687:"State investigators taking dozens of computers from ACORN office on Canal Street"
1085:
ACORN has worked on supporting a "Living Wage" programs, voter registration, and
913:. They encouraged cities to change legislative bodies whose members were elected
815:
in 1978. At the end of the conference, ACORN convention delegates marched on the
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1355:
1236:
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signing ceremony. ACORN worked for new voter registration laws in Arkansas and
871:
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666:
613:
443:
386:
299:
132:
2028:
2594:"Head of Foundation Bailed Out Nonprofit Group After Its Funds Were Embezzled"
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987:
866:
were erected for two days on national park grounds; they were resisted by the
656:
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4529:
4479:
4464:
3772:
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3163:
3013:
An Independent Governance Assessment of ACORN: The Path To Meaningful Reform
1995:
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863:
848:
765:
435:
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303:
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1906:
Akers, Joshua; Seymour, Eric; Butler, Diné; Rathke, Wade (April 4, 2019).
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Organizing Urban America: Secular and Faith-based Progressive Movements
3458:
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933:
671:
1924:
1907:
1851:
4474:
3340:"Defunding ACORN: Necessary and Proper, and Certainly Constitutional"
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headquarters, and won a meeting to negotiate for similar programs.
885:
In addition to protesting, ACORN also developed and strengthened its
851:
campaigns in an attempt to obtain affordable housing, and encouraged
1424:
lawyer, David Barron, the acting assistant attorney general for the
3534:"An ACORN by Any Other Name Still Smells Like an ACORN Critics Say"
3190:
ACORN Vindicated of Wrongdoing by the Congressional Watchdog Office
3716:
986:
804:
3248:"Justice Department Says Acorn Can Be Paid for Pre-Ban Contracts"
4519:
4484:
2096:. National Labor Relations Board. March 27, 2003. Archived from
1581:"Power to the People: Thirty-five Years of Community Organizing"
956:
322:
3745:
3307:"The proposed "Defund ACORN Act": Is it a "Bill of Attainder?""
1250:
and Factcheck.org also found to be exaggerated and inaccurate.
2312:
1191:
sufficient evidence to support prosecution by the government.
960:
418:
In the US, ACORN was composed of a number of legally distinct
126:
65:
24:
2767:
Fake pimp from ACORN videos tries to 'punk' CNN correspondent
967:
programming. It also sought and received appointments to the
826:
with the "People's Platform" serving as its standard. It led
3741:
2664:"La. prosecutor probes ACORN after $ 5 million embezzlement"
830:
aimed at both major party candidates; demanded to meet with
2122:
Willamette Week | "The ACORN that imploded"|March 6th, 2002
1670:"Report of the Attorney General on the activities of ACORN"
897:. ACORN also established a legislative office that year in
4619:
Immigration political advocacy groups in the United States
1881:"Milwaukee chosen to pilot program aimed at foreclosures"
971:(RTC), which was formed to dissolve the assets of failed
3728:
1055:
against certain state practices as a result of the act.
2163:
Williamson, Elizabeth; Mullins, Brody (July 31, 2008).
1073:
for below-market mortgages to low-income home-buyers.
1058:
In 1993, ACORN also began a national campaign to fight
3621:
Organizing the Movement: The Roots and Growth of ACORN
3046:"ACORN Workers Cleared Of Illegality By Outside Probe"
1973:
Organizing the Movement: The Roots and Growth of ACORN
1942:. ACORN (press release). July 23, 2002. Archived from
889:
and encouraged its members to run for office. For the
4138:
Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now
3011:
Scott Harshbarger and Amy Crafts (December 7, 2009).
2888:"House Ban on Acorn Grants Is Ruled Unconstitutional"
2881:
2879:
2748:
California AG Determines ACORN Broke No Criminal Laws
2640:. Pittsburghlive.com. January 8, 2009. Archived from
2512:. Publicpolicypolling.blogspot.com. November 19, 2009
1257:
found that 26% of respondents overall, believed in a
375:
Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now
248:
Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now
21:
Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now
2446:"Missouri officials suspect fake voter registration"
4442:
4256:
4120:
3779:
3220:Sharon Theimer and Pete Yost (September 19, 2009).
3126:"Advice to Fake Pimp Was No Crime, Prosecutor Says"
2206:"ACORN's Political Action Committee Endorses Obama"
779:ACORN's goal was to "unite welfare recipients with
361:
346:
310:
295:
287:
277:
269:
261:
157:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3679:
3652:
3516:"ACORN CEO outside court: 'We're on life support'"
2824:"A Political Gadfly Lampoons the Left via YouTube"
2384:Barabak, Mark Z.; Seema Mehta (October 16, 2008).
3451:"Federal appeals court in NY rules against ACORN"
2994:"ACORN disbanding because of money woes, scandal"
2308:"ACORN Has Long Been In Republicans' Cross Hairs"
4614:Gun control advocacy groups in the United States
2777:
2775:
2420:"Obama to amend report on $ 800,000 in spending"
4594:Civil rights organizations in the United States
3159:"Brooklyn prosecutors clear local ACORN office"
2977:Federal appeals court in NY rules against ACORN
1875:
1873:
422:entities and affiliates including a nationwide
381:) is an international collection of autonomous
4629:Progressive organizations in the United States
4624:Nonpartisan organizations in the United States
3445:
3443:
3441:
2852:"House Votes to End Federal Funding for ACORN"
2534:Republicans not handling election results well
2262:U.S. Department of Justice Inspector General.
2237:"Detailed History of ACORN: The ACORN 80 Plan"
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
855:to refit the premises for comfortable living.
748:in 1970. Rathke had previously dropped out of
3757:
2613:"Lawsuit Adds to Turmoil for Community Group"
2563:"Funds Misappropriated at 2 Nonprofit Groups"
2413:
2411:
2386:"McCain, Obama duel in caustic debate finale"
2165:"Democratic Ally Mobilizes In Housing Crunch"
1718:"Acorn on Brink of Bankruptcy, Officials Say"
1629:
1627:
1531:The Politics and Government Blog of the Times
1337:publicized hidden camera recordings through
959:in Dallas, AM/FM established radio stations,
951:(PACs). It also developed what it called the
716:
8:
3557:"Dear Democrats: Populism Will Not Save You"
3373:"Judge Blocks U.S. Ban on Funding for Acorn"
2075:ACORN affiliates rebrand after video scandal
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1527:"Acorn Chief Denounces Air of 'McCarthyism'"
1196:Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
1158:to those conventions; ACORN also lobbied at
247:
3400:
3398:
2556:
2554:
2184:Katrina vanden Heuvel (February 23, 2008).
1502:includes many of the old chapters of ACORN.
59:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3764:
3750:
3742:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3203:"Preliminary report clears ACORN on funds"
3192:Huffington Post; June 15, 2010; John Atlas
2158:
2156:
2154:
2029:"Western Historical Manuscript Collection"
1965:
1963:
1961:
1165:In a report released in October 2008, the
768:. This drive, inspired by a clause in the
723:
709:
464:
253:
246:
4609:United States political action committees
3338:Hans von Spokavsky (September 27, 2009).
3241:
3239:
3222:"Did ACORN get too big for its own good?"
2719:"Acorn offices in New Orleans Are Raided"
2439:
2437:
1923:
1610:Michael B. Farrell (September 16, 2009).
1556:"Did ACORN get too big for its own good?"
1291:, has offered to pay the remaining debt.
235:Learn how and when to remove this message
217:Learn how and when to remove this message
115:Learn how and when to remove this message
4584:1970 establishments in the United States
3734:The ACORN website as it appeared in 2009
3433:Preliminary report clears ACORN on funds
2947:"House Votes to Strip Funding for ACORN"
2367:"On Obama, Acorn and Voter Registration"
1785:"ACORN Issue Fueling Bailout Opposition"
1422:Housing and Urban Development Department
1325:ACORN 2009 undercover videos controversy
4203:Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca
3279:"Acorn Sues Over Funding Vote in House"
2850:Bacon Jr., Perry (September 19, 2009).
2611:Strom, Stephanie (September 12, 2008).
2231:
2229:
2227:
2085:
2083:
2039:from the original on September 29, 2007
1842:
1840:
1635:"Who is ACORN? (organization homepage)"
1571:
1569:
1550:
1548:
1514:
648:
586:
560:
541:
510:
476:
467:
392:In the U.S., ACORN suffered a damaging
166:"History of ACORN in the United States"
3383:from the original on December 15, 2009
3371:Merchant, Nomaan (December 12, 2009).
3352:from the original on November 12, 2009
2208:(Press release). ACORN. Archived from
1612:"What is the ACORN controversy about?"
3319:from the original on November 4, 2009
2917:"Senate votes to deny funds to ACORN"
2915:Taylor, Andrew (September 14, 2009).
2787:California Office of Attorney General
2699:from the original on November 9, 2009
2467:from the original on January 22, 2009
2396:from the original on October 19, 2008
2320:from the original on December 5, 2010
2287:from the original on November 8, 2010
2243:from the original on December 5, 2010
1834:; Los Angeles Times; November 2, 2010
1832:ACORN filing for Chapter 7 bankruptcy
1775:
1773:
1117:Service Employees International Union
7:
4589:Organizations disestablished in 2010
3246:Charlie Savage (November 27, 2009).
2953:. September 17, 2009. Archived from
2592:Strom, Stephanie (August 17, 2008).
1754:. September 11, 2009. Archived from
1261:that ACORN "stole" the election for
1253:A poll released in November 2009 by
1218:2008 Democratic Presidential Primary
1019:ACORN supported and lobbied for the
953:Affiliated Media Foundation Movement
155:adding citations to reliable sources
4243:Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign
3514:Larry Neumeister (April 20, 2010).
3490:from the original on March 25, 2010
3138:from the original on March 25, 2010
3018:(Report). Proskauer. Archived from
2886:Lorber, Janie (December 11, 2009).
2822:Shane, Scott (September 19, 2009).
2461:"The Whoppers of 2008 – The Sequel"
2365:Stephanie Strom (October 8, 2008).
1728:from the original on March 23, 2010
1349:. In the videos, Giles posed as a
1119:and later sought to organize under
991:ACORN member demonstrating against
803:In 1975, ACORN created branches in
500:International Covenant on Economic,
367:US$ 25 Million, 10% federal funding
4218:Squatters' Action for Secure Homes
3711:ACORN International's US campaigns
3518:. Associated Press. Archived from
3405:Jake Sherman (December 17, 2009).
3312:. Congressional Research Service.
3277:Kareem Fahim (November 12, 2009).
3258:from the original on July 14, 2011
3171:from the original on March 7, 2010
3071:ACORN and the Ethics of Leadership
2729:from the original on July 10, 2011
2666:. StAugustine.com. October 7, 2009
2459:Novak, Viveca (October 31, 2008).
2418:David M. Brown (August 22, 2008).
2142:International community organising
1803:"ACORN Closing in Wake of Scandal"
795:rights, and emergency room care."
450:
14:
4579:Organizations established in 1970
4193:Ontario Coalition Against Poverty
3605:' (29/06/17) on metropolitics.org
3052:from the original on May 11, 2011
3044:James, Frank (December 7, 2009).
2685:Carr, Martha (November 6, 2009).
2573:from the original on July 9, 2011
2561:Strom, Stephanie (July 9, 2008).
2283:. U.S. House of Representatives.
1420:In response to an inquiry from a
1111:found that ACORN tried to thwart
1107:A March 27, 2003 decision of the
1087:grassroots political organization
758:Students for a Democratic Society
40:This article has multiple issues.
4599:Community-building organizations
4553:
4552:
3124:Newman, Andrew (March 1, 2010).
2531:Jensen, Tom (December 4, 2012),
2339:Henig, Jess (October 18, 2008).
2091:"Decisions of the NLRB, 338–129"
1809:. March 22, 2010. Archived from
1442:Center for Constitutional Rights
1434:Government Accountability Office
1395:Government Accountability Office
1380:On December 7, 2009, the former
1100:, which had made increasing the
554:1202a Nuisance Abatement Program
434:; local chapters established as
131:
70:
29:
3407:"GAO Opens ACORN Investigation"
2789:. April 1, 2010. Archived from
2486:Jess Henig (October 18, 2008).
2444:Bill Draper (October 8, 2008).
1675:. April 1, 2010. Archived from
1489:New York Communities for Change
1200:U.S. Department of the Treasury
1121:Industrial Workers of the World
1092:In 1998, ACORN helped form the
955:(AM/FM). Starting with station
874:and members testified before a
858:In June 1982, ACORN sponsored "
609:Kensington Welfare Rights Union
142:needs additional citations for
48:or discuss these issues on the
4634:Squatting in the United States
4183:National Union of the Homeless
4133:Advisory Service for Squatters
2510:"Public Policy Polling: ACORN"
1716:Urbina, Ian (March 19, 2010).
1382:Massachusetts Attorney General
1148:Democratic National Convention
1109:National Labor Relations Board
619:National Union of the Homeless
451:controversies of 2008 and 2009
1:
4604:Consumer rights organizations
3729:ACORN USA website placeholder
3661:University of Minnesota Press
3555:Judis, John (June 20, 2015).
3478:Smith, Ben (March 22, 2010).
3157:Madde, Mike (March 1, 2010).
1319:Undercover videos controversy
282:Non-governmental organization
4213:Revolutionary Housing League
3536:. Foxnews.com. April 7, 2010
1500:Center for Popular Democracy
1204:Financial Services Committee
969:Resolution Trust Corporation
598:Organizations for Reform Now
92:excess blow by blow details.
4349:No Land! No House! No Vote!
3717:ACORN International website
3688:Vanderbilt University Press
3087:ACORN Investigation Results
1390:California Attorney General
1154:and had members elected as
949:Political Action Committees
887:political action committees
90:. The specific problem is:
4650:
4173:Landless Workers' Movement
4158:Homeless Workers' Movement
3461:Alaska), August 13, 2010.
3092:December 13, 2009, at the
2753:November 12, 2010, at the
2692:New Orleans Times-Picayune
2077:; NBC News; March 15, 2010
2062:September 6, 2008, at the
1885:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
1322:
1298:Acorn International L.L.C.
1222:political action committee
1167:U.S. Department of Justice
1138:Accusations of voter fraud
1104:as its centerpiece issue.
1001:Community Reinvestment Act
574:Mutual housing association
502:Social and Cultural Rights
396:in the fall of 2009 after
18:
4548:
4419:The Strategy of the Snail
3651:Swarts, Heidi J. (2008).
2424:Pittsburgh Tribune Review
1617:Christian Science Monitor
1459:ACORN officials told the
1194:During the debate on the
911:Sioux Falls, South Dakota
252:
4370:Squatting the real story
3465:August 15, 2010, at the
2140:D. Beck and R. Purcell,
2035:– St. Louis. June 1980.
1848:"January 13th Statement"
907:Columbia, South Carolina
822:ACORN was active in the
596:Association of Community
491:Universal Declaration of
4412:The Silverado Squatters
3626:Temple University Press
3345:The Heritage Foundation
3098:The Nonprofit Quarterly
2769:CNN; September 29, 2009
2757:FOX News; April 1, 2010
2170:The Wall Street Journal
2014:March 27, 2012, at the
1978:Temple University Press
1912:Radical Housing Journal
1487:New York ACORN founded
1476:ACORN-affiliated groups
1426:Office of Legal Counsel
1005:House Banking Committee
977:Savings and Loan crisis
917:to electing members by
876:Congressional committee
414:Organization and budget
4384:The Cambridge Squatter
3618:Delgado, Gary (1986).
2186:"ACORN: Obama Gets It"
2033:University of Missouri
1970:Delgado, Gary (1986).
1783:(September 27, 2008).
1415:ACORN v. United States
1230:League of Women Voters
1146:. ACORN lobbied every
1094:Working Families Party
995:
919:single-member district
832:President Jimmy Carter
783:around issues such as
394:nationwide controversy
4148:Eurodusnie Collective
4128:Abahlali baseMjondolo
2957:on September 22, 2009
2927:on September 23, 2009
2539:Public Policy Polling
1946:on September 27, 2011
1758:on September 13, 2009
1562:. September 19, 2009.
1255:Public Policy Polling
1174:U.S. Attorney General
990:
868:National Park Service
740:ACORN was founded by
477:International context
424:umbrella organization
16:Former advocacy group
4495:Occupation (protest)
4307:In Krakende Welstand
4198:Picture the Homeless
3678:Atlas, John (2010).
3435:, CNN; June 14, 2010
3025:on September 8, 2010
2864:on February 24, 2013
2725:. November 6, 2009.
2430:on October 12, 2008.
2103:on November 29, 2007
1641:on December 31, 2012
1591:on November 15, 2010
1533:. The New York Times
838:platform committee.
781:needy working people
744:, Gary Delgado, and
579:Community land trust
291:Active; defunct (US)
151:improve this article
97:improve this article
86:to meet Knowledge's
4398:The Harvest Gypsies
4228:The City is For All
3802:Antigua and Barbuda
3377:Wall Street Journal
3305:Kenneth R. Thomas.
2857:The Washington Post
2498:on August 14, 2009.
2488:"ACORN Accusations"
2448:. Associated Press.
2341:"ACORN Accusations"
1525:(October 7, 2009).
1452:On March 19, 2010,
1329:In September 2009,
1220:, ACORN's national
1127:ACORN International
1075:Travelers Insurance
1025:President Clinton's
975:resulting from the
639:Urban Homesteading
587:Housing and justice
569:Housing cooperative
561:Solution frameworks
524:Homestead principle
249:
4450:Adverse possession
4405:The Legacy of Luna
4391:The Good Terrorist
4223:Take Back the Land
4168:Justice Not Crisis
3522:on April 25, 2010.
3284:The New York Times
3252:The New York Times
3131:The New York Times
2983:, August 13, 2010.
2893:The New York Times
2829:The New York Times
2723:The New York Times
2617:The New York Times
2598:The New York Times
2567:The New York Times
2371:The New York Times
2127:2008-10-16 at the
1722:The New York Times
1455:The New York Times
1364:child prostitution
1343:Andrew Breitbart's
1280:The New York Times
1226:Justice Department
1031:and filed suit in
996:
634:Take Back the Land
550:Urban homesteading
529:Adverse possession
4566:
4565:
4500:Pavement dwellers
4433:We, the Invisible
4363:Squatter's Rights
4265:A Squatter's Tale
4153:Exodus Collective
3862:England and Wales
3697:978-0-8265-1705-0
3670:978-0-8166-4839-9
3112:New York Magazine
2644:on March 29, 2012
2463:. factcheck.org.
2390:Los Angeles Times
1925:10.54825/JGJT2051
1854:on April 14, 2013
1813:on March 25, 2010
1411:bill of attainder
1386:District Attorney
1375:bill of attainder
1310:Attorney General
1306:In October 2009,
1259:conspiracy theory
1170:Inspector General
1021:"Motor Voter" Act
993:predatory lending
973:Savings and Loans
793:Vietnam veterans'
733:
732:
629:Operation Move-In
471:the United States
426:established as a
371:
370:
245:
244:
237:
227:
226:
219:
201:
125:
124:
117:
88:quality standards
79:This article may
63:
4641:
4556:
4555:
4426:Two Up, Two Down
4335:Miracle in Milan
4233:The Land is Ours
4208:Reclaim The City
3766:
3759:
3752:
3743:
3701:
3685:
3674:
3658:
3647:
3624:. Philadelphia:
3606:
3596:
3590:
3584:' (29/04/20) in
3578:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3561:National Journal
3552:
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3230:Associated Press
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3209:. June 15, 2010.
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2998:Associated Press
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2981:Associated Press
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2967:
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2964:
2962:
2943:
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2934:
2932:
2923:. Archived from
2921:Associated Press
2912:
2906:
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2901:
2883:
2874:
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2871:
2869:
2860:. Archived from
2847:
2841:
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2809:
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2798:
2793:on April 3, 2010
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2494:. Archived from
2483:
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2431:
2426:. Archived from
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2212:on June 16, 2011
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1682:on June 12, 2011
1681:
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1648:
1646:
1637:. Archived from
1631:
1622:
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1607:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1587:. Archived from
1573:
1564:
1563:
1552:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1519:
1401:Defund ACORN Act
1177:Alberto Gonzales
1113:union organizing
965:cable television
836:Republican Party
817:Democratic Party
754:draft resistance
750:Williams College
725:
718:
711:
641:Assistance Board
485:Right to housing
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4525:Squatters union
4505:Pueblos jĂłvenes
4438:
4252:
4163:Homes Not Jails
4116:
4022:Solomon Islands
3775:
3770:
3723:Legacy websites
3708:
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3659:. Minneapolis:
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3467:Wayback Machine
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3114:; March 2, 2010
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3094:Wayback Machine
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4443:Related topics
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4293:Emergency Exit
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4248:Zone to Defend
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3686:. Nashville:
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3508:
3506:
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3489:
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3480:"ACORN Folds"
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2896:. p. A12
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2058:
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2024:
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2017:
2013:
2010:
2009:ACORN History
2005:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1987:0-87722-393-9
1983:
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1335:James O'Keefe
1332:
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1289:Drummond Pike
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4286:Dear Mandela
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4188:Occupy Homes
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3612:Bibliography
3601:
3598:J. Talpin, '
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3580:P. Smythe, '
3576:
3564:. Retrieved
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3538:. Retrieved
3528:
3520:the original
3492:. Retrieved
3484:Politico.com
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3418:December 17,
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3412:Politico.com
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3387:December 12,
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1589:the original
1585:The Workbook
1584:
1577:Walls, David
1535:. Retrieved
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1331:Hannah Giles
1328:
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1301:
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1277:
1274:Embezzlement
1263:Barack Obama
1252:
1245:
1234:
1214:
1210:Barney Frank
1193:
1164:
1144:Barack Obama
1141:
1125:
1106:
1102:minimum wage
1091:
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1053:Pennsylvania
1018:
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809:South Dakota
802:
789:unemployment
778:
746:George Wiley
739:
662:Bullet Space
519:Sweat equity
493:Human Rights
469:Squatting in
448:
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374:
372:
355:Bertha Lewis
296:Headquarters
288:Legal status
262:Abbreviation
231:
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161:
149:Please help
144:verification
141:
111:
102:
95:Please help
91:
80:
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43:
42:Please help
39:
4515:Shanty town
4238:We Are Here
4178:Mad Housers
4012:South Korea
3992:Philippines
3967:Netherlands
3587:The Student
3449:Hays, Tom.
3262:December 3,
3048:. Npr.org.
3029:October 12,
2975:Hays, Tom.
2900:February 1,
2812:Bernardino.
2703:November 6,
2577:October 13,
2471:January 23,
2400:October 17,
2324:December 3,
2291:December 3,
2247:December 3,
2216:December 3,
2107:October 12,
1918:(1): 9–28.
1595:December 3,
1448:Dissolution
1356:tax evasion
1237:John McCain
1071:NationsBank
872:White House
864:tent cities
752:to promote
742:Wade Rathke
667:Dos Blockos
614:Mad Housers
439:nonpartisan
387:Wade Rathke
357:(2008–2010)
300:New Orleans
99:if you can.
4573:Categories
4460:Campamento
4257:In culture
3927:Kazakhstan
3847:Costa Rica
3822:Bangladesh
3780:By country
2191:The Nation
2144:(Bristol:
1537:October 7,
1510:References
1351:prostitute
1188:New Mexico
1160:Republican
1049:New Jersey
903:Pittsburgh
882:in 1984.
657:ABC No Rio
511:Principles
449:Until the
177:newspapers
45:improve it
4530:Tent city
4480:Gecekondu
4465:Cantegril
4314:Kill City
4279:Dark Days
4121:Movements
4102:West Bank
4097:Venezuela
4032:Sri Lanka
3812:Australia
3807:Argentina
3773:Squatting
3602:banlieues
3494:March 22,
3164:Salon.com
2239:. ACORN.
2018:acorn.org
1950:March 19,
1817:March 22,
1781:Ryan Grim
1732:March 20,
1308:Louisiana
1293:The Times
1285:embezzled
1156:delegates
1133:2008–2009
1081:1998–2004
1063:redlining
1060:insurance
1037:Louisiana
1014:Manhattan
983:1988–1998
853:squatters
849:squatting
842:1981–1989
799:1975–1980
766:furniture
736:1970–1975
687:Slab City
436:501(c)(3)
428:501(c)(4)
420:nonprofit
407:Chapter 7
383:community
327:Argentina
304:Louisiana
270:Formation
207:July 2022
105:July 2022
51:talk page
4558:Category
4377:Suburbia
4112:Zimbabwe
4057:Thailand
4042:Suriname
4017:Slovenia
4002:Scotland
3982:Pakistan
3942:Malaysia
3897:Honduras
3837:Cambodia
3644:12134922
3566:July 30,
3488:Archived
3463:Archived
3381:Archived
3350:Archived
3314:Archived
3256:Archived
3226:NBC News
3175:March 7,
3169:Archived
3142:March 7,
3136:Archived
3090:Archived
3050:Archived
2951:Fox News
2797:April 3,
2751:Archived
2727:Archived
2697:Archived
2571:Archived
2492:Newsweek
2465:Archived
2394:Archived
2318:Archived
2285:Archived
2241:Archived
2125:Archived
2060:Archived
2037:Archived
2012:Archived
1996:12134922
1807:FOX News
1789:CBS News
1752:Fox News
1726:Archived
1560:NBC News
1345:website
1339:Fox News
1247:Newsweek
1228:and the
1207:chairman
1098:New York
1067:Allstate
1045:Missouri
1041:Michigan
1033:Illinois
1010:Citibank
915:at-large
770:Arkansas
762:clothing
542:Programs
432:lobbying
363:Budget
81:require
4470:Colonia
4321:Lefties
4143:Diggers
4092:Vanuatu
4087:Uruguay
4072:Ukraine
4062:Tunisia
3997:Romania
3972:Nigeria
3957:Namibia
3952:Myanmar
3937:Liberia
3917:Ireland
3867:Estonia
3852:Croatia
3817:Bahamas
3792:Algeria
3787:Albania
3540:May 12,
3459:KTUU-TV
3056:May 12,
2670:May 12,
2648:May 12,
2622:May 12,
2516:May 12,
2350:May 31,
2148:, 2013)
1891:May 12,
1865:(ACCE).
1858:May 12,
1686:May 19,
1267:birther
942:Atlanta
934:Chicago
813:Memphis
773:welfare
672:C-Squat
461:History
191:scholar
83:cleanup
4475:Favela
4107:Zambia
4076:Crimea
4067:Uganda
4052:Taiwan
4007:Serbia
3977:Norway
3947:Mexico
3887:Guyana
3882:Greece
3832:Brazil
3827:Bhutan
3797:Angola
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1994:
1984:
1362:, and
1179:fired
1150:since
1051:, and
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909:, and
880:Dallas
860:Reagan
336:Canada
330:Mexico
306:, U.S.
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4047:Syria
4037:Sudan
4027:Spain
3962:Nepal
3932:Kenya
3922:Italy
3902:India
3892:Haiti
3877:Ghana
3842:Chile
3736:(USA)
3457:(via
3317:(PDF)
3310:(PDF)
3023:(PDF)
3016:(PDF)
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2101:(PDF)
2094:(PDF)
1680:(PDF)
1673:(PDF)
1495:name.
1461:Times
805:Texas
379:ACORN
333:India
265:ACORN
198:JSTOR
184:books
4520:Slum
4485:Home
3987:Peru
3912:Iraq
3907:Iran
3872:Fiji
3692:ISBN
3665:ISBN
3640:OCLC
3630:ISBN
3568:2015
3542:2011
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2518:2011
2473:2009
2402:2008
2352:2019
2326:2010
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2249:2010
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2045:2007
1992:OCLC
1982:ISBN
1952:2020
1893:2011
1860:2011
1819:2010
1764:2009
1734:2010
1688:2010
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1597:2010
1539:2009
1498:The
1341:and
1333:and
1152:1980
957:KNON
807:and
764:and
756:for
534:Gift
373:The
323:Peru
278:Type
273:1970
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