19:
274:. Because Title IX mandates equal money spent on men's and women's sports, rowing is particularly useful due to the extremely high costs of equipment per athlete. Therefore, many schools open a rowing program only to women to financially counteract the prevalence of men's sports. As a result, many women's college rowers have not previously competed at high school or for a club team. In the United States, it is important to note that Women's Rowing is an
851:
1407:
112:
1419:
191:
where four countries had nominated women: Great
Britain, France, Holland and Denmark. The congress decided that "international regattas for women should be held each year under the auspices of FISA, if possible as part of the European championships, either on the day before them or after them, but on
175:
was trialled first before the events became fully accredited. It was also decided at the August 1950 congress that women would compete over a 1000 m distance, with no reasons recorded for this decision. The normal distance for men was 2000 m and the shorter distance for women would be kept
262:
At the international level, women's rowing traditionally has been dominated by
Eastern European countries, such as Romania, Russia, and Bulgaria, although other countries such as Germany, Canada, the Netherlands, Great Britain, and New Zealand often field competitive teams.
47:, across the same age ranges and standards as men, from junior amateur through university-level to elite athlete. Typically men and women compete in separate crews although mixed crews and mixed team events also take place. Coaching for women is similar to that for men.
62:. Women's rowing was added to the Olympic Games programme in 1976 at a distance of 1000 metres. This was extended to 2000 metres from 1984 onwards at world championship level, and from 1988 at the Summer Olympics, consistent with men's rowing events at the Olympics.
139:
and students "who can swim 50 feet" were permitted to use it. In 1892, four young women started what became ZLAC Rowing Club in San Diego, California, which is thought today to be the world's oldest continuously existing all-women's rowing club.
167:. There was opposition to women's rowing from the Swiss and Italian rowing associations but the motion was passed. It was decided that the feasibility of holding women's event would be trialled first; in the same way, the introduction of
227:
But even before the 1953 European Rowing
Championships had been held, FISA decided at an extraordinary congress in May 1953 that the women's events would formally become part of the European Rowing Championships starting with the
26:
282:(IRA). The IRA, formed in 1895, preceded the NCAA by at least ten years and provided a guideline for the rules of eligibility and sportsmanship later adopted by the NCAA when it was formed.
559:
687:
255:
and qualified
Leander to receive a £1.5 million grant for refurbishment from the Lottery Sports Fund. The club was opened to women in 1998 and appointed Olympic medallist,
1387:
709:
901:
119:
Despite its male domination, women's competitive rowing can be traced back to the early 19th century, and an image of a women's double scull race made the cover of
1372:
1040:
196:, the event for women was always held before the event for men, and in two years, the women's championships were held in different locations: in 1955 (when the
76:
For most of its history, rowing has been a male dominated sport. Although rowing's roots as a sport in the modern
Olympics can be traced back to the original
875:
675:
18:
209:
201:
1186:
1007:
782:
275:
266:
The United States also has had very competitive crews, and in recent years these crews have become even more competitive given the surge in women's
205:
197:
131:
achieved national celebrity becoming known as the champion female rower of the world; her all-women crew often winning against the best male teams.
987:
1206:
880:
127:
in
Massachusetts was the first school to organize a competitive rowing team for women in the late 19th century. The 19th Century English rower
88:
in
Montreal that women were allowed to participate (at a distance of 1000 metres) – well after their fellow athletes in similar sports such as
1367:
840:
104:. This increased the growth of women's rowing because it created the incentive for national rowing federations to support women's events.
1196:
1131:
830:
1392:
1201:
967:
820:
279:
229:
221:
213:
193:
188:
181:
153:
105:
85:
59:
51:
1377:
1245:
506:
470:
239:
was held. Henley Royal
Regatta first included a women's singles event over the full course in 1993, followed in 2000 by eights (now
172:
1280:
1270:
1265:
1230:
1095:
810:
753:
720:
379:
177:
55:
633:
1250:
1176:
533:
267:
301:
1255:
1225:
1065:
865:
815:
164:
439:
1115:
1110:
962:
942:
835:
775:
244:
132:
1301:
1275:
1156:
1090:
1045:
343:
251:, one of the oldest rowing clubs in the world, voted to admit women as members. This rule met a condition imposed by
1445:
1450:
1260:
1060:
1055:
1035:
1030:
1235:
957:
236:
148:
between Oxford and
Cambridge was held. For the first few years it was an exhibition, and it later became a race.
141:
1151:
1362:
1050:
71:
1080:
916:
768:
1105:
947:
932:
825:
291:
240:
1382:
54:
as test events. After three successful tests, these became official championships as accredited by the
163:, approved at its ordinary congress on 30 August 1950 that women's rowing event would be added to the
1181:
1100:
1085:
1075:
1070:
1017:
1002:
870:
357:
212:). There were no European Rowing Championships in 1952 as the men did not compete in Europe when the
145:
77:
392:
1025:
414:
1311:
972:
911:
480:
168:
93:
224:, the four initial countries were joined by Norway, Finland, Austria, West Germany, and Poland.
120:
1166:
952:
885:
466:
124:
1240:
1171:
1161:
1141:
997:
805:
89:
1411:
1146:
1136:
977:
492:
149:
510:
1331:
1191:
937:
850:
791:
160:
136:
44:
36:
1439:
982:
463:
Against
Hegemonic Currents: Women's Rowing in the First Half of the Twentieth Century
278:
sport, while Men's Rowing chooses to remain governed by its own regulatory body, the
128:
1336:
1321:
1306:
1216:
992:
641:
256:
248:
40:
22:
611:
537:
135:
owned a boat for use by its women students as early as 1891; it was stored at the
662:
1341:
296:
97:
1423:
1316:
1296:
906:
217:
50:
At an international level, the first women's races were introduced at the
1326:
271:
252:
101:
144:
was formed the following year in Cambridge, England. In 1927, the first
111:
192:
no account during the actual championships." Until the hiatus of the
108:
in London included six events for women compared with eight for men.
81:
321:
247:). In 1997 one of the last bastions of rowing was breached when the
110:
17:
710:"Did NCAA Student-Athletes Compete on High School or Club Teams?"
663:"Leander rowing club elects Debbie Flood as first female captain"
382:
sections on World Rowing Masters Regatta and World Rowing Sprints
184:
were the last Olympic Games that used the 1000 m distance.
764:
440:"Feature: the impact of Olympic inclusion on women's rowing"
747:
115:
Lithograph from 1889 depicting female rower holding an oar
760:
583:
216:, and the same four countries sent women to a regatta in
688:"For US women's eight, golden road begins in college"
152:, called the "Mother of Women's Rowing", formed the
1355:
1289:
1215:
1124:
1016:
925:
894:
858:
798:
187:The next FISA congress was held just prior to the
902:List of New Zealand rowers at the Summer Olympics
605:
603:
601:
25:competing in the women's quadruple sculls in the
180:when women's rowing changed to 2000 m. The
35:is the participation of women in the sport of
776:
214:Summer Olympics were held in Europe that year
8:
434:
432:
676:List of Olympic medalists in rowing (women)
783:
769:
761:
612:"1951–1953 International Women's Regattas"
748:FISA — The Official World Rowing Website
393:"What makes a successful women's coach?"
313:
72:History of rowing sports § Women's
610:Smalman-Smith, Helena (8 March 2017).
488:
478:
39:. Women row in all boat classes, from
1008:Women's Eights Head of the River Race
841:Head of the River (Western Australia)
7:
1418:
243:) and 2001 by quadruple sculls (now
876:Secondary School Rowing Association
831:Head of the River (New South Wales)
690:. The Boston Globe. 21 October 2012
821:Head of the Schoolgirls (Victoria)
280:Intercollegiate Rowing Association
230:1954 European Rowing Championships
222:1953 European Rowing Championships
189:1951 European Rowing Championships
106:Rowing at the 2012 Summer Olympics
60:1954 European Rowing Championships
52:1951 European Rowing Championships
14:
358:"2014 World Rowing Championships"
344:"2015 World Rowing Championships"
1417:
1406:
1405:
849:
417:. World Rowing. 23 February 2015
159:FISA, under its Swiss president
968:Schools' Head of the River Race
754:International Rowing Federation
465:. Routledge. pp. 124–125.
395:. World Rowing. 8 December 2014
380:International Rowing Federation
178:1984 World Rowing Championships
154:Philadelphia Girls' Rowing Club
56:International Rowing Federation
1041:Silver Goblets & Nickalls'
194:European Championships in 1973
1:
881:University Rowing Association
560:"St Hugh's College Boat Club"
165:European Rowing Championships
943:British Rowing Championships
836:Head of the River (Victoria)
665:. BBC News. 8 December 2012.
584:"About ZLAC and its History"
461:Schweinbenz, Amanda (2014).
442:. World Rowing. 12 June 2013
245:Princess Grace Challenge Cup
302:Women's rowing in Australia
1467:
1388:School and university oars
1246:World Junior Championships
509:. Kernoweb. Archived from
259:, as its captain in 2012.
69:
1401:
1378:Rowing boat manufacturers
963:National Schools' Regatta
847:
634:"Leander voted for women"
142:Newnham College Boat Club
133:St Hugh's College, Oxford
1363:Glossary of rowing terms
204:) and in 1963 (when the
1251:World U23 Championships
84:, it was not until the
1256:European Championships
1177:Head of the Schuylkill
958:Henley Women's Regatta
948:Head of the River Race
241:Remenham Challenge Cup
237:Henley Women's Regatta
202:women met in Bucharest
116:
29:
292:List of female rowers
206:men met in Copenhagen
114:
70:Further information:
21:
1182:Poughkeepsie Regatta
1018:Henley Royal Regatta
871:Rowing Canada Aviron
811:Rowing Championships
182:1984 Summer Olympics
173:junior championships
86:1976 Summer Olympics
1261:Asian Championships
1236:World Championships
513:on 20 November 2008
235:In 1988, the first
210:women met in Moscow
1281:Commonwealth Games
1271:Pan American Games
1096:Princess Elizabeth
973:Scottish Boat Race
912:Rowing New Zealand
895:New Zealand rowing
586:. ZLAC Rowing Club
117:
30:
1451:History of rowing
1433:
1432:
1167:Head of the Hooch
1003:Women's Boat Race
988:University rowing
953:Henley Boat Races
886:Head of the Trent
816:Head of the River
799:Australian rowing
415:"Women in rowing"
378:See for example,
268:collegiate rowing
146:Women's Boat Race
125:Wellesley College
1458:
1421:
1420:
1409:
1408:
1393:World best times
1241:World Rowing Cup
1231:Paralympic Games
1172:Head of the Ohio
1162:Head of the Fish
998:Wingfield Sculls
853:
806:Rowing Australia
785:
778:
771:
762:
735:
734:
732:
731:
725:
719:. Archived from
714:
706:
700:
699:
697:
695:
684:
678:
673:
667:
666:
659:
653:
652:
650:
649:
640:. Archived from
630:
624:
623:
621:
619:
607:
596:
595:
593:
591:
580:
574:
573:
571:
570:
556:
550:
549:
547:
545:
540:on 15 April 2016
536:. Archived from
529:
523:
522:
520:
518:
503:
497:
496:
490:
486:
484:
476:
458:
452:
451:
449:
447:
436:
427:
426:
424:
422:
411:
405:
404:
402:
400:
389:
383:
376:
370:
369:
367:
365:
355:
353:
351:
340:
334:
333:
331:
329:
318:
198:men met in Ghent
1466:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1436:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1397:
1351:
1290:Types of rowing
1285:
1211:
1147:Eastern Sprints
1120:
1066:Prince of Wales
1012:
978:Scottish Rowing
933:Boston Marathon
921:
890:
866:Canadian Henley
859:Canadian rowing
854:
845:
794:
789:
744:
739:
738:
729:
727:
723:
712:
708:
707:
703:
693:
691:
686:
685:
681:
674:
670:
661:
660:
656:
647:
645:
632:
631:
627:
617:
615:
609:
608:
599:
589:
587:
582:
581:
577:
568:
566:
558:
557:
553:
543:
541:
534:"Ann Glanville"
531:
530:
526:
516:
514:
507:"Ann Glanville"
505:
504:
500:
487:
477:
473:
460:
459:
455:
445:
443:
438:
437:
430:
420:
418:
413:
412:
408:
398:
396:
391:
390:
386:
377:
373:
363:
361:
356:
349:
347:
342:
341:
337:
327:
325:
320:
319:
315:
310:
288:
150:Ernestine Bayer
121:Harper's Weekly
74:
68:
12:
11:
5:
1464:
1462:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1446:Women's rowing
1438:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1415:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1332:Stern sculling
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1222:
1220:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1192:Stotesbury Cup
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1132:College rowing
1128:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1116:Princess Royal
1113:
1111:Princess Grace
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
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1014:
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1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
938:British Rowing
935:
929:
927:
923:
922:
920:
919:
917:The Great Race
914:
909:
904:
898:
896:
892:
891:
889:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
862:
860:
856:
855:
848:
846:
844:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
802:
800:
796:
795:
790:
788:
787:
780:
773:
765:
759:
758:
743:
742:External links
740:
737:
736:
701:
679:
668:
654:
638:REGATTA OnLine
625:
614:. Rowing Story
597:
575:
564:www.sutori.com
551:
524:
498:
471:
453:
428:
406:
384:
371:
360:. World Rowing
346:. World Rowing
335:
324:. World Rowing
312:
311:
309:
306:
305:
304:
299:
294:
287:
284:
161:Gaston Mullegg
137:River Cherwell
67:
64:
58:(FISA) at the
33:Women's rowing
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1463:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1426:
1425:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1383:Rowing venues
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1373:National oars
1371:
1369:
1366:
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1305:
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1298:
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1282:
1279:
1277:
1276:African Games
1274:
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1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
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1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1226:Olympic Games
1224:
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1218:
1214:
1208:
1205:
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1200:
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1190:
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1091:Prince Albert
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1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
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1059:
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1052:
1049:
1047:
1046:Double Sculls
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
983:The Boat Race
981:
979:
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974:
971:
969:
966:
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954:
951:
949:
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931:
930:
928:
924:
918:
915:
913:
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908:
905:
903:
900:
899:
897:
893:
887:
884:
882:
879:
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874:
872:
869:
867:
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863:
861:
857:
852:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
803:
801:
797:
793:
786:
781:
779:
774:
772:
767:
766:
763:
756:
755:
749:
746:
745:
741:
726:on 2021-07-28
722:
718:
711:
705:
702:
689:
683:
680:
677:
672:
669:
664:
658:
655:
644:on 2007-09-27
643:
639:
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629:
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613:
606:
604:
602:
598:
585:
579:
576:
565:
561:
555:
552:
539:
535:
532:Hunt, Bruce.
528:
525:
512:
508:
502:
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494:
482:
474:
472:9781317985235
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129:Ann Glanville
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63:
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42:
38:
34:
28:
27:2012 Olympics
24:
20:
16:
1422:
1410:
1346:
1322:Racing shell
1307:Indoor rower
1217:World Rowing
1152:Harvard–Yale
1036:Queen Mother
993:Welsh Rowing
751:
728:. Retrieved
721:the original
716:
704:
692:. Retrieved
682:
671:
657:
646:. Retrieved
642:the original
637:
628:
616:. Retrieved
588:. Retrieved
578:
567:. Retrieved
563:
554:
542:. Retrieved
538:the original
527:
515:. Retrieved
511:the original
501:
462:
456:
444:. Retrieved
419:. Retrieved
409:
397:. Retrieved
387:
374:
362:. Retrieved
348:. Retrieved
338:
326:. Retrieved
316:
265:
261:
257:Debbie Flood
249:Leander Club
234:
226:
186:
158:
118:
75:
49:
41:single scull
32:
31:
23:Debbie Flood
15:
1342:Rowing tank
1312:Lightweight
1266:Universiade
544:26 December
517:26 December
489:|work=
297:Rower woman
169:lightweight
1440:Categories
1297:Bumps race
826:King's Cup
730:2018-06-19
648:2006-12-23
569:2023-08-18
308:References
176:until the
78:1896 games
1368:Club oars
1125:US rowing
1081:Britannia
1061:Visitors'
1031:Stewards'
926:UK rowing
907:Maadi Cup
491:ignored (
481:cite book
220:. At the
218:Amsterdam
156:in 1938.
123:in 1870.
94:athletics
1412:Category
1327:Sculling
1142:Dad Vail
1106:Remenham
694:19 April
590:29 March
446:19 April
421:19 April
399:19 April
364:19 April
350:19 April
328:19 April
322:"Rowing"
286:See also
272:Title IX
253:UK Sport
208:and the
200:and the
102:canoeing
90:swimming
1424:Commons
1347:Women's
1302:Coastal
1197:NCAA D1
1137:CRASH-B
1056:Ladies'
1051:Diamond
618:4 March
270:due to
98:cycling
66:History
1219:events
1101:Fawley
1086:Temple
1076:Wyfold
1071:Thames
792:Rowing
469:
100:, and
82:Athens
45:eights
37:rowing
1356:Lists
1337:Sweep
1187:SRAAA
1026:Grand
724:(PDF)
713:(PDF)
1317:Para
1207:ACRA
1157:HOCR
752:See
717:NCAA
696:2015
620:2018
592:2015
546:2009
519:2009
493:help
467:ISBN
448:2015
423:2015
401:2015
366:2015
352:2015
330:2015
276:NCAA
171:and
1202:IRA
80:in
43:to
1442::
715:.
636:.
600:^
562:.
485::
483:}}
479:{{
431:^
232:.
96:,
92:,
784:e
777:t
770:v
757:)
750:(
733:.
698:.
651:.
622:.
594:.
572:.
548:.
521:.
495:)
475:.
450:.
425:.
403:.
368:.
354:.
332:.
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