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her eggs into the male's ventral brood pouch via an ovipositor. There may be up to one-thousand eggs in a singular pouch, where the developmental process can last from twenty to twenty-eight days. Birth, however, depends largely on the monsoon patterns, lunar cycles, and water temperature. Males typically go into labor during a full moon, and after birth, the baby seahorses average a length of seven millimeters.
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Seahorses spend most of their time anchoring to coral reefs and branches with their tails because they are poor swimmers. They therefore need similar anchor points in the aquarium. Seahorses like a quiet tank, without large, belligerent fish, and a slow-moving current. Aquarists have found them to be
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is completely monogamous. The species engages in a unique courtship ritual before engaging in mating. The male will change its color patterns and dance around the female and while producing a clicking with the coronet. Eventually, the tails of the male and female intertwine and the female will place
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inhabits waters from the
Persian Gulf to Southeast Asia, Australia, Japan, and several Pacific islands including Hawaii, and is also found the eastern coast of Africa from Tanzania to South Africa, including the Indo-Pacific region ranging from the northwest Indian Ocean to the central areas of the
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The seahorse possesses a tail that is used as a bending and grasping appendage. The seahorse is able to bend its tail ventrally due to its possession of body plates. The hypoxia muscle is responsible for bending the seahorse's tail. The plates send forces to the hypoxia muscles to ensure bending of
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The yellow seahorse is a small fish that can reach a length of 17–30 cm. The body is quite large, elongated, and has no spines, all bumps are rounded. The head is relatively large compared to the body. The snout is short and thick. The coronet is small and rises towards the rear, it can also
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Common seahorses generally do best at a temperature of 72–77 °F (22–25 °C), optimally 73–75 °F (23–24 °C). They do not tolerate even spikes above 80 °F (27 °C) well. Their optimal pH range is around 8.1–8.4. The common seahorse can tolerate a range of
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sometimes have more or less long filaments. Some adults have a black line running through the dorsal fin in the direction of its width. The body coloration is often dark with a grainy texture but can also be yellow, cream, or reddish blotches and numerous small dark spots.
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inhabit estuaries, lagoons, harbors, littoral zones, and coastal seagrass beds, where they are found in shallow waters of up to fifty-five meters in depth. Their habitat regions can include (but are not limited to) tropical, saltwater, or marine regions.
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716:(CITES), which means that it is not necessarily threatened with extinction, but its trade must still be controlled in order to avoid utilization incompatible with their survival. Populations of
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has been said to regulate nervous, reproductive, endocrine, and immune systems. 25 million seahorses are used every year for medicinal purposes. The largest known exporters of
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are omnivores, feeding on minuscule living prey, such as larval fishes and zooplankton, via suction feeding. They are not strong swimmers. Predators of
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from 18 parts per thousand (ppt) to 36 ppt but salinity below about 25ppt should be promptly corrected. About 32 ppt is ideal.
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have declined by 30% in the last few decades due to pollution, habitat destruction, and illegal trading in
Chinese medicine.
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the tail. These functions of the musculoskeletal system allow us to understand the anatomy of seahorses in further depth.
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is a popular species among aquarium keepers. Common seahorses have very small mouths, eating only small animals like
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The species is still commonly encountered (especially in
Indonesia and New Guinea) but is currently classified as
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Bailey, Mary; Gina
Sandford. The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Aquarium Fish & Fish Care. p. 239.
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643:. Seahorses need to eat approximately 4–5 times daily. Many aquarists who have kept
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Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
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has been used for populations formerly treated as the separate species
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include crabs, rays, tuna, and sea turtles, as well as humans.
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624:are Vietnam, India, the Philippines, and Thailand.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
566:populates the Chinese coast down to Australia.
762:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T10075A16664386.en
8:
506:is a species of seahorse, also known as the
661:is eaten when other foods are unavailable.
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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577:Biological development and reproduction
665:generally accepting of tankmates like
7:
884:. Seahorse Australia. Archived from
47:adding citations to reliable sources
882:"Setting up your seahorse aquarium"
748:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
858:. Ocean Rider Club. Archived from
827:. Ocean Rider Club. Archived from
671:and other bottom-dwelling fishes.
14:
819:Giwojna, Pete (16 January 2006).
1214:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
850:Giwojna, Pete (6 January 2006).
206:
23:
562:Pacific Ocean. The majority of
34:needs additional citations for
683:Yellow seahorse in an aquarium
612:are extremely valuable to the
1:
675:Temperature, pH, and salinity
1254:Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker
614:traditional Chinese medicine
1249:Vulnerable fauna of Oceania
439:Jordan & Evermann, 1903
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475:Hippocampus novaehebudorum
1224:Fish of the Pacific Ocean
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203:Scientific classification
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1244:Vulnerable fauna of Asia
554:Distribution and habitat
402:Hippocampus borboniensis
391:Hippocampus rhynchomacer
372:Hippocampus melanospilos
356:Hippocampus taeniopterus
737:Aylesworth, L. (2014).
348:Hippocampus moluccensis
1259:Fish described in 1852
1234:Fish of Southeast Asia
821:"Re:KH is killing me!"
684:
668:Synchiropus splendidus
452:Hippocampus natalensis
364:Hippocampus polytaenia
913:on Sealife Collection
852:"Re:Maybe Seahorses?"
755:: e.T10075A16664386.
682:
581:The mating system of
421:Hippocampus aterrimus
380:Hippocampus chinensis
784:"Appendices | CITES"
647:cultivate their own
605:Importance to humans
541:Physical description
444:Hippocampus taeniops
43:improve this article
1219:Hippocampus (genus)
710:habitat destruction
696:Conservation status
533:, now a synonym of
436:Hippocampus hilonis
410:Hippocampus tristis
156:Conservation status
16:Species of seahorse
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531:Hippocampus fuscus
337:Hippocampus fuscus
58:"Hippocampus kuda"
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1160:Open Tree of Life
931:Taxon identifiers
920:(Common seahorse)
639:and even newborn
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741:Hippocampus kuda
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559:Hippocampus kuda
520:spotted seahorse
512:estuary seahorse
503:Hippocampus kuda
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862:on 16 July 2011
856:Seahorse Forums
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831:on 16 July 2011
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54:Find sources:
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32:This article
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890:. Retrieved
886:the original
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864:. Retrieved
860:the original
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833:. Retrieved
829:the original
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766:. Retrieved
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649:brine shrimp
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637:brine shrimp
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270:Syngnathidae
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1069:iNaturalist
963:Wikispecies
768:15 November
524:common name
281:Hippocampus
189:Appendix II
1208:Categories
909:Photos of
892:2009-05-07
793:2022-01-14
724:References
702:vulnerable
384:Basilewsky
171:Vulnerable
69:newspapers
788:cites.org
590:Predation
457:von Bonde
414:Castelnau
288:Species:
226:Kingdom:
220:Eukaryota
1173:Species+
1087:10159562
1043:FishBase
948:Wikidata
690:salinity
653:rotifers
527:sea pony
328:Synonyms
266:Family:
240:Chordata
236:Phylum:
230:Animalia
216:Domain:
176:IUCN 3.1
99:May 2023
1061:5201037
954:Q716470
718:H. kuda
704:by the
658:Daphnia
645:H. kuda
641:guppies
633:H. kuda
622:H. kuda
618:H. kuda
616:trade.
610:H. kuda
599:H. kuda
595:H. kuda
583:H. kuda
570:H. kuda
564:H. kuda
535:H. kuda
490:Whitley
468:Duncker
395:Duméril
341:Rüppell
319:Bleeker
276:Genus:
256:Order:
246:Class:
191: (
174: (
148:Germany
83:scholar
1191:212237
1165:782489
1152:212237
1139:791918
1126:103715
1100:166495
1004:ARKive
522:. The
492:, 1955
481:, 1944
479:Fowler
470:, 1926
459:, 1923
431:, 1902
429:Snyder
427:&
425:Jordan
416:, 1872
397:, 1870
386:, 1855
343:, 1838
321:, 1852
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71:
64:
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1186:WoRMS
1178:10660
1113:10075
1082:IRMNG
1074:84970
1035:3LZMR
1022:64327
866:7 May
835:7 May
193:CITES
187:CITES
90:JSTOR
76:books
1147:OBIS
1121:NCBI
1108:IUCN
1095:ITIS
1056:GBIF
1048:5955
1017:BOLD
868:2009
837:2009
770:2021
753:2014
706:IUCN
651:and
62:news
1030:CoL
991:AFD
978:ADW
757:doi
518:or
142:At
45:by
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