2870:
2875:
64:
2117:
2105:
2091:
2098:
2865:
2111:
44:
380:. All of the species had comparatively large, flattened heads with, as suggested by the upward opening orbits, upward-pointing eyes. These adaptations suggest that the various species were benthic predators. A study on
497:. Compared to other species, the anatomy of the plate suggests the species is very primitive for the genus. Denison, 1978, suggests that the species may be different enough to merit its own distinct genus.
555:
in having comparatively thick plates, a large, massive crest-like keel along the dorsal-center of its medial dorsal plate, and head-plates over a meter in length. Originally described as "
2939:
572:
This species is found in the
Eifelian-aged Elm Point Limestone of Manitoba. Based on a pair of paranuchal and marginal plates originally referred to the genus
416:. This suggests that these specimens became radioactive from the animals ingesting radioactive isotopes in life (e.g., through ingesting radioactive
2926:
3012:
420:), rather than radioactive isotopes being absorbed by the bones during fossilization (as in most cases of radioactive fossils). Individuals of
2869:
694:
2997:
922:
883:
859:
2992:
493:
This species is based on a 15 centimeter-long preorbital plate from the early
Eifelian of the Wood Bay formations of Spitzbergen,
825:
3007:
2977:
2874:
2982:
3002:
2987:
63:
603:. It is a medium-sized species with a comparatively very rectangular-shaped median dorsal plate. It is named for
640:
had thick plates, and a well-developed keel on the dorsal-center of its median dorsal plate. It was larger than
428:
were chronically exposed to enough radiation that these animals would be expected to suffer negative effects of
915:
2116:
1365:
2972:
2894:
2104:
2097:
1005:
2864:
1682:
759:
Bowie, S. H. U.; Atkin, D. (March 1956). "An
Unusually Radioactive Fossil Fish from Thurso, Scotland".
2256:
2967:
2647:
2654:
1813:
1743:
2605:
2339:
2090:
1908:
1698:
1454:
1032:
908:
2180:
2029:
1559:
1379:
522:
2173:
1901:
1894:
1629:
1613:
1489:
429:
270:
58:
2493:
2441:
2315:
2043:
1827:
1799:
1778:
2640:
2300:
2208:
2110:
1848:
1806:
1792:
1657:
1200:
511:
epoch-aged layers of the Wood Bay formations of
Spitzbergen. May or may not be of this genus.
2944:
1691:
1386:
1306:
1186:
1172:
875:
855:
741:
690:
425:
409:
397:
711:
2428:
2022:
1246:
879:
799:
768:
731:
723:
600:
404:
are known to be significantly radioactive, on the order of 1.2 * 10 gamma/min/g . Notably,
2633:
2564:
2514:
2459:
2287:
2222:
2146:
2134:
2054:
1987:
1757:
1531:
1402:
1297:
2771:
2679:
2577:
2507:
2486:
2365:
2008:
1964:
1935:
1919:
1879:
1785:
1643:
1570:
1431:
1313:
1255:
1179:
736:
596:
2961:
2806:
2778:
2764:
2750:
2722:
2713:
2612:
2584:
2526:
2500:
2479:
2323:
2308:
2240:
2155:
2015:
1769:
1714:
1601:
1552:
1517:
1420:
1356:
1235:
990:
967:
539:
A giant species from the
Eifelian-aged Aruküla beds of Estonia, and may have existed
413:
134:
2841:
2736:
2688:
2668:
2472:
2448:
2388:
2381:
2374:
2354:
2331:
2271:
2229:
2215:
2164:
2036:
1980:
1928:
1872:
1841:
1728:
1636:
1622:
1586:
1545:
1496:
1475:
1468:
1461:
1372:
1273:
1207:
1193:
1151:
1137:
1130:
455:
The type species of the genus. It is a thin-plated species from the
Eifelian-aged
437:
382:
169:
2917:
471:
is the official type species as it was the first to be described as a placoderm (
2827:
2799:
2785:
2743:
2729:
2702:
2661:
2542:
2395:
2264:
1994:
1973:
1859:
1671:
1650:
1538:
1327:
1144:
710:
Coatham, Samuel J.; Vinther, Jakob; Rayfield, Emily J.; Klug, Christian (2020).
604:
147:
2834:
2820:
2813:
2792:
2757:
2619:
2598:
2591:
2402:
2249:
2201:
2194:
2187:
1949:
1593:
1579:
1524:
1503:
1482:
1440:
1334:
1320:
1286:
1262:
1228:
1214:
1165:
1098:
1085:
1044:
961:
931:
574:
456:
350:
121:
2695:
2626:
2549:
2535:
2409:
2347:
2001:
1886:
1834:
1735:
1664:
1510:
1447:
1158:
1123:
1116:
1017:
973:
540:
373:
353:
108:
75:
745:
617:
Another species from the
Eifelian-aged Aruküla beds of Estonia. Although
483:
had a small, thin keel down the dorsal-center of its median dorsal plate.
43:
2911:
1820:
1750:
1341:
1221:
955:
417:
401:
361:
357:
95:
34:
30:
727:
2931:
476:
460:
377:
949:
804:
787:
772:
508:
494:
369:
365:
85:
2888:
521:
This species is from the
Givetian of Middle Devonian Greenland, of
346:
2892:
2132:
1083:
942:
904:
582:
is the only member of the genus found in North
America proper.
712:"Was the Devonian placoderm Titanichthys a suspension feeder?"
900:
788:"An Unusually Radioactive Fossil Fish from Thurso, Scotland"
689:. Stuttgart New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag. p. 71.
826:"The radioactive fossil fishes of the north of Scotland"
629:
was originally described as a soft-shelled turtle, ne "
2901:
2712:
2678:
2563:
2525:
2458:
2427:
2364:
2286:
2239:
2163:
2154:
2145:
2053:
1963:
1918:
1858:
1768:
1712:
1681:
1612:
1569:
1430:
1400:
1355:
1296:
1272:
1245:
1096:
1043:
1016:
989:
819:
817:
815:
876:"Collections: Fossil - 'Homosteus milleri traq.'"
529:has a comparatively very narrow nuchal plate.
916:
408:specimens are the only fish fossils from the
8:
2889:
2569:
2464:
2433:
2292:
2160:
2151:
2142:
2129:
1864:
1720:
1412:
1408:
1278:
1108:
1104:
1093:
1080:
1022:
995:
986:
939:
923:
909:
901:
42:
20:
854:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
803:
786:Diggle, W. R.; Saxon, J. (October 1965).
735:
686:Volume 2 of Handbook of Paleoichthyology'
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
595:is from the Givetian of what is now the
440:or other radiation-induced pathologies.
386:, in contrast, suggests that species of
657:
390:may have been filter-feeders instead.
7:
360:. Fossils are found primarily in
226:Stensiö & Säve-Söderbergh 1938
14:
850:Kielan-Jaworowska, Zofia (2013).
507:Based on a specimen found in the
2873:
2868:
2863:
2115:
2109:
2103:
2096:
2089:
62:
886:from the original on 2024-02-17
467:was described earlier in 1837,
644:, but still much smaller than
475:was originally described as a
1:
3013:Fossil taxa described in 1856
830:Caithness Field Club Bulletin
2998:Placoderms of North America
852:In pursuit of early mammals
3029:
716:Royal Society Open Science
432:. However, no specimen of
2861:
2572:
2467:
2436:
2295:
2141:
2128:
2087:
1867:
1723:
1415:
1411:
1281:
1111:
1107:
1092:
1079:
1025:
998:
985:
938:
276:
269:
191:
186:
175:
168:
59:Scientific classification
57:
50:
41:
23:
2993:Fossils of Great Britain
682:Denison, Robert (1978).
280:Dinichthys manitobensis
177:Homosteus formosissimus
364:-epoch aged strata of
304:Homosteus cataphractus
16:Genus of fossil fishes
621:was described before
3008:Fossils of Greenland
2978:Placoderms of Europe
412:to show significant
312:Homosteus ponderosus
728:10.1098/rsos.200272
477:soft-shelled turtle
396:specimens from the
2983:Fossils of Estonia
1614:Groenlandaspididae
824:Saxon, J. (1979).
525:, to be precise.
436:shows any sign of
430:radiation exposure
3003:Fossils of Canada
2988:Fossils of Norway
2955:
2954:
2895:Taxon identifiers
2886:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2559:
2558:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2282:
2281:
2124:
2123:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
1959:
1958:
1708:
1707:
1683:Williamsaspididae
1396:
1395:
1351:
1350:
1307:Austrophyllolepis
1173:Heightingtonaspis
1075:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1062:
798:(5008): 400–400.
767:(4506): 487–488.
696:978-0-89574-027-4
635:
561:
426:Old Red Sandstone
410:Old Red Sandstone
398:Old Red Sandstone
338:
337:
332:
324:
316:
308:
300:
292:
284:
263:
254:
245:
236:
227:
218:
209:
200:
3020:
2948:
2947:
2935:
2934:
2922:
2921:
2920:
2890:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2570:
2465:
2434:
2429:Pachyosteomorphi
2293:
2257:Kimberleyichthys
2161:
2152:
2143:
2130:
2119:
2113:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2093:
2023:Parabuchanosteus
1865:
1721:
1413:
1409:
1279:
1247:Wuttagoonaspidae
1109:
1105:
1094:
1081:
1023:
996:
987:
980:
979:
940:
925:
918:
911:
902:
895:
894:
892:
891:
880:Stromness Museum
872:
866:
865:
847:
841:
840:
838:
836:
821:
810:
809:
807:
805:10.1038/208400a0
783:
777:
776:
773:10.1038/177487b0
756:
750:
749:
739:
707:
701:
700:
679:
642:H. formosissimus
633:
631:Trionyx sulcatus
623:H. formosissimus
601:Shetland Islands
559:
553:H. formosissimus
545:H. formosissimus
481:H. formosissimus
469:H. formosissimus
450:H. formosissimus
356:from the Middle
330:
322:
320:Trionyx sulcatus
314:
306:
298:
296:Homosteus anceps
290:
282:
261:
252:
243:
234:
225:
216:
207:
198:
196:H. formosissimus
159:
146:
133:
120:
107:
67:
66:
46:
29:Temporal range:
21:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3017:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2943:
2938:
2930:
2925:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2897:
2887:
2878:
2847:
2708:
2674:
2648:Squamatognathus
2634:Kendrickichthys
2565:Aspinothoracidi
2555:
2521:
2515:Xiangshuiosteus
2460:Dunkleosteoidea
2454:
2415:
2360:
2288:Incisoscutoidea
2278:
2235:
2223:Protitanichthys
2147:Coccosteomorphi
2137:
2135:Eubrachythoraci
2120:
2102:
2095:
2069:
2055:Eubrachythoraci
2049:
1988:Burrinjucosteus
1955:
1914:
1854:
1764:
1758:Xiangshuiosteus
1717:
1704:
1677:
1608:
1565:
1532:Neophlyctaenius
1426:
1405:
1403:Phlyctaenioidei
1392:
1347:
1298:Phyllolepididae
1292:
1268:
1241:
1101:
1088:
1059:
1039:
1012:
981:
945:
944:
934:
929:
899:
898:
889:
887:
874:
873:
869:
862:
849:
848:
844:
834:
832:
823:
822:
813:
785:
784:
780:
758:
757:
753:
709:
708:
704:
697:
681:
680:
659:
654:
615:
590:
580:H. manitobensis
570:
567:H. manitobensis
537:
519:
505:
502:H. cf. arcticus
491:
453:
446:
244:(Okulitch) 1944
241:H. manitobensis
214:H. cf. arcticus
182:
179:
157:
144:
131:
118:
105:
61:
37:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3026:
3024:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2960:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2936:
2923:
2907:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2772:Gymnotrachelus
2768:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2718:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2684:
2682:
2680:Brachydeiridae
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2665:
2658:
2655:Tafilalichthys
2651:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2581:
2578:Bruntonichthys
2573:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2531:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2511:
2508:Westralichthys
2504:
2497:
2490:
2487:Golshanichthys
2483:
2476:
2468:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2445:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2370:
2368:
2366:Camuropiscidae
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2312:
2305:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2268:
2261:
2253:
2245:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2169:
2167:
2158:
2149:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2126:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2009:Goodradigbeeon
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1969:
1967:
1965:Buchanosteidae
1961:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1936:Atlantidosteus
1932:
1924:
1922:
1920:Migmatocephala
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1905:
1898:
1891:
1883:
1880:Cathlesichthys
1876:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1824:
1817:
1814:Gyroplacosteus
1810:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1786:Belemnacanthus
1782:
1774:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1754:
1747:
1744:Gemuendenaspis
1740:
1732:
1724:
1718:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1695:
1687:
1685:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1654:
1647:
1644:Groenlandaspis
1640:
1633:
1626:
1618:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1598:
1590:
1583:
1575:
1573:
1571:Arctolepididae
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1507:
1500:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1436:
1434:
1432:Phlyctaeniidae
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1416:
1406:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1361:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1314:Cobandrahlepis
1310:
1302:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1256:Wuttagoonaspis
1251:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1211:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1183:
1180:Kujdanowiaspis
1176:
1169:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1120:
1112:
1102:
1097:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1049:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1009:
1008:
999:
993:
983:
982:
978:
977:
970:
964:
958:
952:
943:
936:
935:
930:
928:
927:
920:
913:
905:
897:
896:
867:
861:978-0253008176
860:
842:
811:
778:
751:
702:
695:
656:
655:
653:
650:
614:
609:
589:
584:
569:
564:
551:differed from
536:
531:
518:
513:
504:
499:
490:
485:
452:
447:
445:
442:
336:
335:
334:
333:
325:
317:
309:
301:
293:
285:
274:
273:
267:
266:
265:
264:
262:(Kutorga) 1837
255:
246:
237:
228:
219:
210:
201:
189:
188:
184:
183:
180:
173:
172:
166:
165:
155:
151:
150:
142:
138:
137:
129:
125:
124:
116:
112:
111:
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
55:
54:
48:
47:
39:
38:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3025:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2973:Eifelian life
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2928:
2924:
2919:
2913:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2891:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2807:Paramylostoma
2804:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2779:Heintzichthys
2776:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2765:Gorgonichthys
2762:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2751:Draconichthys
2748:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2723:Alienacanthus
2720:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2714:Selenosteidae
2711:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2613:Erromenosteus
2610:
2608:
2607:
2606:Dinomylostoma
2603:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2585:Bullerichthys
2582:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2527:Heterosteidae
2524:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2501:Kiangyousteus
2498:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2480:Eastmanosteus
2477:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2340:Parabelosteus
2337:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2324:Harrytoombsia
2321:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2309:Compagopiscis
2306:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2241:Panxiosteidae
2238:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2156:Coccosteoidea
2153:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2118:
2114:
2112:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2016:Narrominaspis
2013:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1909:Luetkeichthys
1906:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1770:Holonematidae
1767:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1715:Brachythoraci
1711:
1701:
1700:
1699:Williamsaspis
1696:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1604:
1603:
1602:Kueichowlepis
1599:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1553:Prosphymaspis
1550:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1518:Kueichowlepis
1515:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1455:Barwickosteus
1452:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1421:Dicksonosteus
1418:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1399:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1357:Actinolepidae
1354:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1236:Yujiangolepis
1233:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1007:
1006:Gnathostomata
1003:
1002:
1001:
1000:
997:
994:
992:
991:Gnathostomata
988:
984:
975:
971:
969:
968:Gnathostomata
966:Infraphylum:
965:
963:
959:
957:
953:
951:
947:
946:
941:
937:
933:
926:
921:
919:
914:
912:
907:
906:
903:
885:
881:
877:
871:
868:
863:
857:
853:
846:
843:
831:
827:
820:
818:
816:
812:
806:
801:
797:
793:
789:
782:
779:
774:
770:
766:
762:
755:
752:
747:
743:
738:
733:
729:
725:
722:(5): 200272.
721:
717:
713:
706:
703:
698:
692:
688:
685:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
658:
651:
649:
647:
643:
639:
632:
628:
624:
620:
613:
610:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
588:
585:
583:
581:
577:
576:
568:
565:
563:
558:
557:Trionyx latus
554:
550:
546:
542:
541:sympatrically
535:
532:
530:
528:
524:
517:
514:
512:
510:
503:
500:
498:
496:
489:
486:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
451:
448:
443:
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
414:radioactivity
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
389:
385:
384:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
352:
349:of flattened
348:
344:
343:
329:
328:Trionyx latus
326:
321:
318:
313:
310:
305:
302:
297:
294:
289:
288:Homostius sp.
286:
283:Okulitch 1944
281:
278:
277:
275:
272:
268:
260:
256:
253:Traquair 1888
251:
247:
242:
238:
233:
229:
224:
220:
215:
211:
206:
202:
197:
193:
192:
190:
185:
178:
174:
171:
167:
164:
163:
156:
153:
152:
149:
143:
140:
139:
136:
135:Brachythoraci
130:
127:
126:
123:
117:
114:
113:
110:
104:
101:
100:
97:
94:
91:
90:
87:
84:
81:
80:
77:
74:
71:
70:
65:
60:
56:
53:
49:
45:
40:
36:
32:
26:
22:
19:
2902:
2842:Walterosteus
2840:
2833:
2826:
2819:
2812:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2763:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2737:Brachyosteus
2735:
2728:
2721:
2701:
2694:
2689:Brachydeirus
2687:
2669:Titanichthys
2667:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2473:Dunkleosteus
2471:
2449:Rhachiosteus
2447:
2440:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2389:Incisoscutum
2387:
2382:Fallacosteus
2380:
2375:Camuropiscis
2373:
2355:Trematosteus
2353:
2346:
2338:
2332:Mcnamaraspis
2330:
2322:
2314:
2307:
2299:
2272:Plourdosteus
2270:
2263:
2255:
2248:
2230:Watsonosteus
2228:
2221:
2216:Millerosteus
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2181:Clarkeosteus
2179:
2172:
2165:Coccosteidae
2094:
2042:
2037:Taemasosteus
2035:
2030:Toombsosteus
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1981:Buchanosteus
1979:
1972:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1934:
1929:Antineosteus
1927:
1907:
1900:
1893:
1885:
1878:
1873:Angarichthys
1871:
1847:
1842:Tropidosteus
1840:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1777:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1734:
1729:Antineosteus
1727:
1697:
1690:
1670:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1642:
1637:Cosmacanthus
1635:
1628:
1623:Africanaspis
1621:
1600:
1592:
1587:Heintzosteus
1585:
1578:
1560:Stipatosteus
1558:
1551:
1546:Phlyctaenius
1544:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1502:
1497:Heterogaspis
1495:
1488:
1481:
1476:Elegantaspis
1474:
1469:Diadsomaspis
1467:
1462:Cartieraspis
1460:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1419:
1385:
1380:Bollandaspis
1378:
1373:Ailuracantha
1371:
1364:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1285:
1274:Phyllolepida
1261:
1254:
1234:
1227:
1220:
1213:
1208:Proaethaspis
1206:
1199:
1194:Lehmanosteus
1192:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1152:Bryantolepis
1150:
1143:
1138:Antarctaspis
1136:
1131:Anarthraspis
1129:
1122:
1115:
888:. Retrieved
870:
851:
845:
833:. Retrieved
829:
795:
791:
781:
764:
760:
754:
719:
715:
705:
687:
683:
645:
641:
637:
634:Kutorga 1837
630:
626:
622:
618:
616:
611:
592:
591:
586:
579:
573:
571:
566:
560:Kutorga 1837
556:
552:
548:
544:
538:
533:
526:
523:Canning Land
520:
515:
506:
501:
492:
487:
480:
472:
468:
464:
463:. Although
454:
449:
433:
421:
405:
393:
392:
387:
383:Titanichthys
381:
341:
340:
339:
331:Kutorga 1837
327:
323:Kutorga 1837
319:
311:
303:
295:
287:
279:
258:
249:
240:
231:
222:
213:
204:
195:
176:
170:Type species
161:
160:
51:
24:
18:
2968:Homostiidae
2828:Selenosteus
2800:Pachyosteus
2786:Melanosteus
2744:Braunosteus
2730:Amazichthys
2703:Synauchenia
2662:Tapinosteus
2543:Heterosteus
2396:Latocamurus
2265:Panxiosteus
2174:Belgiosteus
1995:Errolosteus
1974:Arenipiscis
1902:Euleptaspis
1895:Euleptaspis
1860:Homostiidae
1672:Turrisaspis
1651:Mithakaspis
1630:Boomeraspis
1539:Pageauaspis
1490:Grifftaylor
1366:Actinolepis
1328:Phyllolepis
1145:Baringaspis
960:Subphylum:
835:31 December
684:Placodermi
638:H. sulcatus
627:H. sulcatus
619:H. sulcatus
612:H. sulcatus
605:Hugh Miller
488:H. arcticus
473:H. sulcatus
465:H. sulcatus
438:bone cancer
315:Asmuss 1856
307:Asmuss 1856
299:Asmuss 1856
291:Asmuss 1856
259:H. sulcatus
235:Asmuss 1856
208:Heintz 1934
205:H. arcticus
199:Asmuss 1856
181:Asmuss 1856
148:Homostiidae
2962:Categories
2835:Stenosteus
2821:Rhinosteus
2814:Phymosteus
2793:Microsteus
2758:Enseosteus
2620:Hadrosteus
2599:Dinichthys
2592:Bungartius
2494:Hussakofia
2442:Leptosteus
2403:Rolfosteus
2316:Cyrtosteus
2250:Janiosteus
2202:Jiuchengia
2195:Dickosteus
2188:Coccosteus
2064:see below↓
2044:Uralosteus
1950:Tityosteus
1828:Megaloplax
1800:Deirosteus
1779:Artesonema
1594:Huginaspis
1580:Arctolepis
1525:Lyhoalepis
1504:Huginaspis
1483:Gaspeaspis
1441:Aggeraspis
1335:Placolepis
1321:Cowralepis
1287:Gavinaspis
1263:Yiminaspis
1229:Simblaspis
1215:Qataraspis
1166:Eskimaspis
1099:Arthrodira
1086:Arthrodira
1054:see below↓
1045:Arthrodira
1033:Placodermi
1018:Placodermi
974:Placodermi
962:Vertebrata
932:Arthrodira
890:2024-06-19
652:References
593:H. milleri
587:H. milleri
575:Dinichthys
351:arthrodire
250:H. milleri
217:Orvig 1969
128:Suborder:
122:Arthrodira
109:Placodermi
52:H. milleri
2918:Q16983279
2903:Homosteus
2696:Oxyosteus
2641:Mylostoma
2627:Holdenius
2550:Yinostius
2536:Herasmius
2410:Tubonasus
2348:Torosteus
2301:Belosteus
2209:Livosteus
2002:Exutaspis
1943:Homosteus
1887:Dhanguura
1849:Tropinema
1835:Rhenonema
1807:Deveonema
1793:Bimbianga
1736:Dhanguura
1665:Tiaraspis
1658:Mulgaspis
1511:Kolpaspis
1448:Arctaspis
1201:Mediaspis
1159:Erikaspis
1124:Aleosteus
1117:Aethaspis
948:Kingdom:
434:Homosteus
424:from the
422:Homosteus
406:Homosteus
394:Homosteus
388:Homosteus
374:Greenland
354:placoderm
342:Homosteus
162:Homosteus
82:Kingdom:
76:Eukaryota
25:Homosteus
2912:Wikidata
1821:Holonema
1751:Maideria
1692:Elvaspis
1387:Szelepis
1342:Yurammia
1222:Sigaspis
1187:Lataspis
972:Class: "
956:Chordata
954:Phylum:
950:Animalia
884:Archived
746:32537223
646:H. latus
549:H. latus
534:H. latus
527:H. kochi
516:H. kochi
459:beds of
418:sediment
402:Scotland
362:Eifelian
358:Devonian
271:Synonyms
232:H. latus
223:H. kochi
187:Species
141:Family:
96:Chordata
92:Phylum:
86:Animalia
72:Domain:
35:Givetian
31:Eifelian
2945:1401975
2932:4853025
737:7277245
461:Estonia
457:Aruküla
444:Species
378:Estonia
154:Genus:
115:Order:
102:Class:
858:
792:Nature
761:Nature
744:
734:
693:
597:Orkney
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