2113:
2136:
2102:
912:
habitat. Fauna of the
Eastern Americas Realm (EAR), which was restricted to a shallow basin in southwest Laurussia, were gradually replaced by aggressive cosmopolitan species of the Old World Realm (OWR), which invaded through a seaway cutting along a flooded continental arch on the western edge of
1169:
1150:
961:
Kaufmann, B.; Trapp, E.; Mezger, K. (2004). "The numerical age of the Upper
Frasnian (Upper Devonian) Kellwasser horizons: A new U-Pb zircon date from Steinbruch Schmidt(Kellerwald, Germany)".
1151:"Earth's earliest forest: fossilized trees and vegetation-induced sedimentary structures from the Middle Devonian (Eifelian) Hangman Sandstone Formation, Somerset and Devon, SW England"
1482:
1186:
996:
Algeo, T. J. (1998). "Terrestrial-marine teleconnections in the
Devonian: links between the evolution of land plants, weathering processes, and marine anoxic events".
2177:
877:
The end of the
Eifelian was marked by a biological crisis known as the Kačák Event, a two-part interval of extinction which led to ecological turnover among
1341:"Persistent depositional sequences and bioevents in the Eifelian (early Middle Devonian) of eastern Laurentia: North American evidence of the Kačák Events?"
900:
Warming and sea level rise through the
Eifelian and beyond would have had major effects on diversity, likely leading to the downfall of several marine
1475:
571:
522:
1435:"The rise and fall of the Malvinoxhosan (Malvinokaffric) bioregion in South Africa: Evidence for Early-Middle Devonian biocrises at the South Pole"
1468:
1292:
Königshof, P.; Silva, A. C. Da; Suttner, T. J.; Kido, E.; Waters, J.; Carmichael, S. K.; Jansen, U.; Pas, D.; Spassov, S. (2016-01-01).
1388:"Recognizing the Kačák Event in the Devonian terrestrial environment and its implications for understanding land–sea interactions"
2170:
1252:"The Kačák event (late Eifelian, Middle Devonian) on the Belgian shelf and its effects on rugose coral palaeobiodiversity"
2206:
2163:
1491:
560:
932:"A high-precision U–Pb age constraint on the Rhynie Chert Konservat-Lagerstätte: time scale and other implications"
2201:
469:
465:
728:
660:
781:
Epoch. It lasted from 393.3 ± 1.2 million years ago to 387.7 ± 0.8 million years ago. It was preceded by the
642:
1764:
1759:
327:
285:
623:
1180:
834:
824:
section at the
Wetteldorf Richtschnitt outcrop. The base of the Eifelian is defined by the start of the
714:
1434:
970:
890:
605:
2095:
1251:
901:
1202:"Correlation of mid-Palaeozoic ammonoid evolutionary events with global sedimentary perturbations"
1415:
1368:
1321:
1274:
1229:
2112:
646:
506:
2196:
1893:
1857:
1407:
1386:
Marshall, J. E. A.; Astin, T. R.; Brown, J. F.; Mark-Kurik, E.; Lazauskiene, J. (2007-01-01).
1360:
1313:
1221:
909:
872:
2147:
1987:
1862:
1831:
1628:
1446:
1399:
1352:
1305:
1266:
1213:
1161:
1097:
1057:
1023:
1005:
978:
943:
931:
444:
1956:
1852:
1790:
1685:
1654:
1623:
1102:
838:
813:
778:
309:
1062:
974:
2135:
2106:
1925:
1795:
1690:
1659:
894:
300:
2190:
2143:
1826:
1816:
1785:
1748:
1680:
1649:
1419:
1372:
1325:
1278:
1085:
850:
595:
318:
292:
277:
61:
1450:
1233:
1042:
885:, and other free-swimming animals. In deep marine waters, the event is indicated by
2117:
2101:
2048:
1898:
1821:
1387:
1294:"Shallow-water facies setting around the Kačák Event: a multidisciplinary approach"
1293:
886:
855:
774:
426:
1340:
1084:
Walliser, O.; Bultynck, P.; Weddige, K.; Becker, R.; House, M. (September 1995).
2043:
1912:
1888:
1733:
1528:
826:
631:
384:
36:
2038:
1998:
1941:
1841:
1738:
1612:
1512:
1460:
947:
335:
81:
46:
1411:
1364:
1317:
1270:
1225:
743:
730:
675:
662:
2053:
2003:
1977:
1936:
1883:
1728:
1704:
1585:
1575:
1564:
882:
878:
377:
247:
86:
1201:
1009:
2013:
2008:
1972:
1872:
1805:
1774:
1669:
1638:
1599:
1549:
1523:
1499:
905:
830:
786:
718:
627:
370:
363:
267:
257:
76:
71:
56:
51:
41:
1165:
1124:
2027:
1967:
1717:
1554:
1538:
1149:
Davies, Neil S., McMahon, William J. and Berry, Christopher M. (2024).
860:
817:
722:
654:
342:
91:
66:
998:
Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
2063:
1946:
1580:
1217:
904:. The cool-water Malvinoxhosan Realm (MXR), on the northwest edge of
782:
349:
1403:
1356:
1309:
982:
930:
Parry, S. F.; Noble, S. R.; Crowley, Q. G.; Wellman, C. H. (2011).
16:
Fourth stage of the
Devonian and first stage of the Middle Devonian
650:
1339:
DeSantis, M. K.; Brett, C. E.; Straeten, C. A. Ver (2007-01-01).
859:
and other plants have formed the forest landscape in what is now
2087:
2083:
2079:
821:
30:
1464:
107:
908:, was decimated as rising temperatures eliminated suitably
792:
North
American subdivisions of the Eifelian Stage include
2151:
849:
The earliest forest is known from the
Eifelian stage.
889:
black shales. There is evidence for a major pulse of
1086:"Definition of the Eifelian-Givetian Stage boundary"
2062:
2026:
1986:
1955:
1924:
1911:
1871:
1840:
1804:
1773:
1747:
1716:
1703:
1668:
1637:
1611:
1598:
1563:
1537:
1511:
1498:
1433:Penn-Clarke, C. R.; Harper, D. A. T. (2023-11-01).
759:
710:
699:
691:
638:
619:
611:
601:
591:
586:
578:
566:
556:
551:
543:
538:
100:
21:
837:, 1.9 metres (6.2 ft) below the base of the
1392:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
1345:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
1298:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
1125:"GSSP for the Emsian - Eifelian Stage Boundary"
1245:
1243:
2171:
1476:
521:Subdivision of the Devonian according to the
8:
1185:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1030:. International Commission on Stratigraphy.
528:Vertical axis scale: millions of years ago.
2178:
2164:
1921:
1713:
1608:
1508:
1483:
1469:
1461:
942:(4). London: Geological Society: 863–872.
1101:
1061:
922:
833:zone. This layer lies within the Upper
1178:
1041:Ziegler, W.; Klapper, G. (June 1985).
18:
7:
2132:
2130:
496:
478:
455:
434:
416:
2082:= kiloannum (thousands years ago);
2150:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
2086:= megaannum (millions years ago);
14:
2090:= gigaannum (billions years ago).
1158:Journal of the Geological Society
936:Journal of the Geological Society
2134:
2111:
2100:
1250:Jamart, V.; Denayer, J. (2020).
1175:from the original on 2024-03-09.
897:) and warming during the event.
812:The Eifelian is named after the
1451:10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104595
1103:10.18814/epiiugs/1995/v18i3/002
1043:"Stages of the Devonian System"
643:Wetteldorf Richtschnitt section
1063:10.18814/epiiugs/1985/v8i2/006
1:
1529:Pleistocene (11.7 ka–2.58 Ma)
632:Polygnathus costatus partitus
1492:Geological history of Earth
2223:
2129:
1765:Mississippian (323–359 Ma)
1760:Pennsylvanian (299–323 Ma)
1524:Holocene (present–11.7 ka)
1200:House, Michael R. (1985).
870:
785:Stage and followed by the
29:393.3 ± 1.2 – 387.7 ± 0.8
2077:
2049:Paleoarchean (3.2–3.6 Ga)
1899:Terreneuvian (521–539 Ma)
948:10.1144/0016-76492010-043
700:Upper boundary definition
620:Lower boundary definition
518:
105:
26:
2044:Mesoarchean (2.8–3.2 Ga)
1889:Miaolingian (497–509 Ma)
1734:Guadalupian (260–272 Ma)
1586:Paleocene (56.0–66.0 Ma)
1576:Oligocene (23.0–33.9 Ma)
1271:10.3140/bull.geosci.1788
470:Late Devonian extinction
2039:Neoarchean (2.5–2.8 Ga)
2004:Orosirian (1.8–2.05 Ga)
1999:Statherian (1.6–1.8 Ga)
1942:Cryogenian (635–720 Ma)
1832:Llandovery (433–444 Ma)
1739:Cisuralian (272–299 Ma)
1550:Pliocene (2.59–5.33 Ma)
1259:Bulletin of Geosciences
705:Polygnathus hemiansatus
233:−360 —
223:−365 —
213:−370 —
203:−375 —
193:−380 —
183:−385 —
173:−390 —
163:−395 —
153:−400 —
143:−405 —
133:−410 —
123:−415 —
113:−420 —
2009:Rhyacian (2.05–2.3 Ga)
1978:Calymmian (1.4–1.6 Ga)
1937:Ediacaran (539–635 Ma)
1884:Furongian (485–497 Ma)
1729:Lopingian (252–260 Ma)
1555:Miocene (5.33–23.0 Ma)
1010:10.1098/rstb.1998.0195
963:The Journal of Geology
2014:Siderian (2.3–2.5 Ga)
1973:Ectasian (1.2–1.4 Ga)
1894:Series 2 (509–521 Ma)
1581:Eocene (33.9–56.0 Ma)
1439:Earth-Science Reviews
2054:Eoarchean (3.6–4 Ga)
1947:Tonian (720 Ma–1 Ga)
1827:Wenlock (427–433 Ma)
1817:Pridoli (419–423 Ma)
1028:www.stratigraphy.org
902:biogeographic realms
827:Polygnathus partitus
820:, which exposed the
773:is the first of two
703:FAD of the conodont
449:Famennian glaciation
2207:Geochronology stubs
2109: •
2098: •
2096:Geologic time scale
1858:Middle (458–470 Ma)
1822:Ludlow (423–427 Ma)
1791:Middle (383–393 Ma)
1686:Middle (237–247 Ma)
1655:Middle (164–174 Ma)
1166:10.1144/jgs2023-204
975:2004JG....112..495K
808:Name and definition
760:Upper GSSP ratified
740: /
711:Upper boundary GSSP
692:Lower GSSP ratified
672: /
639:Lower boundary GSSP
612:Time span formality
2107:Geology portal
1968:Stenian (1–1.2 Ga)
1863:Early (470–485 Ma)
1796:Early (393–419 Ma)
1691:Early (247–252 Ma)
1660:Early (174–201 Ma)
1629:Early (100–145 Ma)
1624:Late (66.0–100 Ma)
1024:"Chart/Time Scale"
835:Heisdorf Formation
744:31.2374°N 4.3541°W
676:50.1496°N 6.4716°E
602:Stratigraphic unit
592:Chronological unit
579:Time scale(s) used
490:shrubs & trees
2159:
2158:
2124:
2123:
2022:
2021:
1988:Paleoproterozoic
1907:
1906:
1853:Late (444–458 Ma)
1786:Late (359–383 Ma)
1699:
1698:
1681:Late (201–237 Ma)
1650:Late (145–164 Ma)
1594:
1593:
1515:(present–2.58 Ma)
1503:(present–66.0 Ma)
1004:(1365): 113–130.
767:
766:
715:Jebel Mech Irdane
552:Usage information
533:
532:
514:
513:
495:
494:
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476:
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432:
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2138:
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2118:World portal
2116:
2115:
2105:
2104:
2067:
2031:
1991:
1960:
1957:Mesoproterozoic
1929:
1922:
1917:
1876:
1845:
1809:
1778:
1752:
1721:
1714:
1709:
1673:
1642:
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1471:
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1423:
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1247:
1238:
1237:
1218:10.1038/313017a0
1197:
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1065:
1047:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1020:
1014:
1013:
993:
987:
986:
958:
952:
951:
927:
853:trees including
755:
754:
752:
751:
750:
749:31.2374; -4.3541
745:
741:
738:
737:
736:
733:
687:
686:
684:
683:
682:
677:
673:
670:
669:
668:
665:
502:
497:
484:
479:
466:Kellwasser event
461:
456:
445:Hangenberg event
440:
435:
422:
417:
330:
321:
312:
303:
270:
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114:
108:
96:
33:
19:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2202:Middle Devonian
2187:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2127:
2125:
2120:
2110:
2099:
2091:
2073:
2065:
2058:
2029:
2018:
1989:
1982:
1958:
1951:
1927:
1926:Neoproterozoic
1916:(539 Ma–2.5 Ga)
1915:
1914:
1913:Proterozoic Eon
1903:
1874:
1867:
1843:
1836:
1807:
1800:
1776:
1769:
1750:
1743:
1719:
1707:
1706:
1695:
1671:
1664:
1640:
1633:
1614:
1602:
1601:
1590:
1566:
1559:
1540:
1533:
1514:
1502:
1501:
1494:
1489:
1459:
1458:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1404:10.1144/SP278.6
1385:
1384:
1380:
1357:10.1144/SP278.4
1338:
1337:
1333:
1310:10.1144/SP423.4
1291:
1290:
1286:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1241:
1212:(5997): 17–22.
1199:
1198:
1194:
1177:
1172:
1153:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1133:
1131:
1123:
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1118:
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1106:
1083:
1082:
1078:
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1039:
1035:
1022:
1021:
1017:
995:
994:
990:
960:
959:
955:
929:
928:
924:
919:
875:
869:
847:
839:Lauch Formation
814:Eifel Mountains
810:
779:Middle Devonian
748:
746:
742:
739:
734:
731:
729:
727:
726:
725:
681:50.1496; 6.4716
680:
678:
674:
671:
666:
663:
661:
659:
658:
657:
534:
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527:
510:
509:
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84:
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69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
28:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2220:
2218:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2139:
2122:
2121:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2060:
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2057:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2035:
2033:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1995:
1993:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1933:
1931:
1919:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1878:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1847:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1813:
1811:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1782:
1780:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1749:Carboniferous
1745:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1711:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1677:
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1662:
1657:
1652:
1646:
1644:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1620:
1618:
1606:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1572:
1570:
1567:(23.0–66.0 Ma)
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1546:
1544:
1541:(2.58–23.0 Ma)
1535:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1520:
1518:
1506:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1465:
1457:
1456:
1425:
1398:(1): 133–155.
1378:
1331:
1304:(1): 171–199.
1284:
1265:(3): 279–311.
1239:
1192:
1141:
1116:
1096:(3): 107–115.
1076:
1056:(2): 104–109.
1033:
1015:
988:
983:10.1086/421077
969:(4): 495–501.
953:
921:
920:
918:
915:
895:sea level rise
871:Main article:
868:
865:
846:
843:
809:
806:
796:, and part of
765:
764:
761:
757:
756:
712:
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688:
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635:
621:
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609:
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593:
589:
588:
584:
583:
582:ICS Time Scale
580:
576:
575:
568:
567:Regional usage
564:
563:
558:
557:Celestial body
554:
553:
549:
548:
545:
544:Name formality
541:
540:
536:
535:
531:
530:
519:
516:
515:
512:
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507:HunsrĂĽck fauna
505:
503:
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284:
283:
275:
274:
264:
263:
255:
254:
244:
243:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
103:
102:
98:
97:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
35:
34:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2219:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2181:
2176:
2174:
2169:
2167:
2162:
2161:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2146:article is a
2145:
2144:geochronology
2140:
2137:
2133:
2128:
2119:
2114:
2108:
2103:
2097:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2076:
2070:
2068:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2025:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1928:(539 Ma–1 Ga)
1923:
1920:
1918:
1910:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1870:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1848:
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1839:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1803:
1797:
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1779:
1772:
1766:
1763:
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1757:
1755:
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1746:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1705:Paleozoic Era
1702:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1636:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:(66.0–145 Ma)
1610:
1607:
1605:
1603:(66.0–252 Ma)
1597:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1562:
1556:
1553:
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1522:
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1510:
1507:
1505:
1497:
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1463:
1452:
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1429:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1382:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1351:(1): 83–104.
1350:
1346:
1342:
1335:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1288:
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1260:
1253:
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1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1196:
1193:
1188:
1182:
1171:
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1163:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1142:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
992:
989:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
957:
954:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
926:
923:
916:
914:
911:
907:
903:
898:
896:
892:
891:transgression
888:
884:
880:
874:
866:
864:
862:
858:
857:
852:
851:Cladoxylopsid
844:
842:
840:
836:
832:
829:
828:
823:
819:
815:
807:
805:
803:
799:
795:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
775:faunal stages
772:
762:
758:
753:
724:
720:
716:
713:
709:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
685:
656:
652:
648:
644:
641:
637:
634:
633:
629:
625:
622:
618:
614:
610:
607:
604:
600:
597:
594:
590:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
562:
559:
555:
550:
546:
542:
537:
526:
525:, as of 2021.
524:
517:
508:
504:
499:
498:
486:
481:
480:
471:
467:
463:
458:
457:
446:
442:
437:
436:
428:
424:
419:
418:
415:
386:
379:
372:
365:
358:
351:
344:
337:
329:
320:
311:
302:
294:
287:
280:
279:
271:
269:
260:
259:
251:
249:
242:
110:
109:
104:
99:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
32:
25:
20:
2152:expanding it
2141:
2126:
2092:
2028:Archean Eon
1990:(1.6–2.5 Ga)
1875:(485–539 Ma)
1844:(444–485 Ma)
1808:(419–444 Ma)
1777:(359–419 Ma)
1751:(299–359 Ma)
1720:(252–299 Ma)
1708:(252–539 Ma)
1672:(201–252 Ma)
1641:(145–201 Ma)
1600:Mesozoic Era
1500:Cenozoic Era
1442:
1438:
1428:
1395:
1391:
1381:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1301:
1297:
1287:
1262:
1258:
1209:
1205:
1195:
1181:cite journal
1157:
1144:
1132:. Retrieved
1129:stratigraphy
1128:
1119:
1107:. Retrieved
1093:
1089:
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
1053:
1049:
1036:
1027:
1018:
1001:
997:
991:
966:
962:
956:
939:
935:
925:
899:
876:
856:Calamophyton
854:
848:
845:Major events
825:
811:
801:
797:
793:
791:
770:
768:
704:
630:
520:
427:Rhynie chert
356:
276:
265:
256:
245:
2064:Hadean Eon
1842:Ordovician
1613:Cretaceous
1513:Quaternary
1109:19 December
1069:18 December
913:Laurussia.
873:Kačák Event
867:Extinctions
816:of Western
747: /
679: /
2191:Categories
2066:(4–4.6 Ga)
2030:(2.5–4 Ga)
1959:(1–1.6 Ga)
1565:Paleogene
1445:: 104595.
917:References
802:Cazenovian
732:31°14′15″N
664:50°08′59″N
647:Wetteldorf
587:Definition
488:Widespread
336:Lochkovian
101:Chronology
2093:See also:
1873:Cambrian
1806:Silurian
1775:Devonian
1670:Triassic
1639:Jurassic
1420:128992526
1412:0305-8719
1373:129585313
1365:0305-8719
1326:131042746
1318:0305-8719
1279:225423367
1226:1476-4687
910:temperate
883:conodonts
879:ammonoids
798:Cazenovia
794:Southwood
735:4°21′15″W
667:6°28′18″E
539:Etymology
378:Famennian
248:Paleozoic
2197:Eifelian
1718:Permian
1539:Neogene
1234:34273115
1170:Archived
1090:Episodes
1050:Episodes
906:Gondwana
831:conodont
787:Givetian
771:Eifelian
719:Tafilalt
628:conodont
570:Global (
385:Tournai.
371:Frasnian
364:Givetian
357:Eifelian
268:Devonian
22:Eifelian
1134:30 June
971:Bibcode
861:England
818:Germany
789:Stage.
777:in the
723:Morocco
655:Germany
626:of the
501:←
483:←
460:←
439:←
421:←
343:Pragian
293:PĹ™ĂdolĂ
238:–
228:–
218:–
208:–
198:–
188:–
178:–
168:–
158:–
148:–
138:–
128:–
118:–
2072:
1418:
1410:
1371:
1363:
1324:
1316:
1277:
1232:
1224:
1206:Nature
887:anoxic
783:Emsian
615:Formal
547:Formal
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
350:Emsian
2142:This
1416:S2CID
1369:S2CID
1322:S2CID
1275:S2CID
1255:(PDF)
1230:S2CID
1173:(PDF)
1154:(PDF)
1046:(PDF)
651:Eifel
606:Stage
561:Earth
301:Early
2148:stub
1408:ISSN
1361:ISSN
1314:ISSN
1222:ISSN
1187:link
1136:2017
1111:2020
1071:2020
822:GSSP
800:(or
769:The
763:1994
695:1985
319:Late
37:Preęž’
1447:doi
1443:246
1400:doi
1396:278
1353:doi
1349:278
1306:doi
1302:423
1267:doi
1214:doi
1210:313
1162:doi
1098:doi
1058:doi
1006:doi
1002:353
979:doi
967:112
944:doi
940:168
804:).
624:FAD
596:Age
572:ICS
523:ICS
310:Mid
2193::
2088:Ga
2084:Ma
2080:ka
1441:.
1437:.
1414:.
1406:.
1394:.
1390:.
1367:.
1359:.
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1320:.
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881:,
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717:,
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645:,
328:EM
87:Pg
31:Ma
2179:e
2172:t
2165:v
2154:.
1484:e
1477:t
1470:v
1453:.
1449::
1422:.
1402::
1375:.
1355::
1328:.
1308::
1281:.
1269::
1236:.
1216::
1189:)
1164::
1138:.
1113:.
1100::
1073:.
1060::
1054:8
1012:.
1008::
985:.
981::
973::
950:.
946::
893:(
574:)
472:)
468:(
447:,
286:M
278:C
258:S
92:N
82:K
77:J
72:T
67:P
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47:O
42:ęž’
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