150:
144:
27:
1159:
2682:
156:
2689:
2027:
Other expressions used to add to the names of people who died: "the deceased", "rest of Eden", "rest in peace". It is customary to sign the tombstones with the initials ืชึทึผื ึฐืฆึฐืึธ"ื (ืชึฐึผืึดื ื ึดืฉึฐืืึธืชืึน ืฆึฐืจืึผืจึธื ืึดึผืฆึฐืจืึนืจ ืึทืึทืึดึผืื (according to the language of the verse: and the soul was a pure soul in
1763:. Joseph S. Park argues that it is distinctively Jewish, relating to the Jewish concept of death-as-sleep, although it also appears in a period Christian inscription. It is equivalent to Hebrew ื/ืชื ืื ืืฉืืื and ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืื (cf. Is. 57:2), found on 3-6th century Jewish tombstones in
1929: and was used for any deceased person, a usage which spread to the Jews of Christian Europe beginning in the 12th century. The phrase is more common in Islamic literature as an honorific for saints, and over time in Hebrew it came to predominate over
1837:
In the past, it was common to use this expression for living people as well. In the
Babylonian Talmud, it is mentioned that a person should say this expression about his dead father, in addition to the phrase " I be the atonement of his resting-place."
1206:, there are several traditional honorifics for the dead which are used when naming and speaking of the deceased. Different honorifics might be applied depending on the particular status of the deceased. These honorifics are frequently found on
1748:
Some honorifics may be used for any individual. These honorifics are generally not used for rabbis or other special persons, since the specific honorifics for those people are used instead, as a sign of honor and respect. See below.
2066:" which adds "Amen" at the end. This expression stems from the belief that a righteous person who passes to the next world can serve as an advocate before God for his remaining community. Other acronyms of this type are
2325:
44:
1975:
soldiers who are killed in battle with the enemy and was approved by the IDF in 2024 to appear on military headstones at the request of the family. The Hebrew phrase is
3116:
2564:
1759:
The single most common funerary salutation in Jewish inscriptions from Rome in the 3rd and 4th centuries is แผฮฝ ฮตแผฐฯฮฎฮฝแฟ แผก ฮบฮฟฮนฮผฮฎฯฮนฯ ฮฑแฝฯฮฟแฟฆ/ฮฑแฝฯแฟฯ/ฯฮฟแฟฆ
91:
1221:
In writing, it is most common to use the name followed by an abbreviation of an honorific either in Hebrew or
English. For examples, see chart.
63:
2625:
2393:
2366:
675:
2160:
ZT"L" (d. 1105). This expression is synonymous with Z"L (see above) in that Z"L inherently implies the person was righteous, but, in modern
2744:
1033:
70:
2199:
While the above-mentioned positive honorifics are added to the names of beloved people, the names of those considered to be particularly
1959:
is generally used for an individual who are considered to have been murdered through acts of anti-Semitism such as pogroms, genocide, or
1078:
2463:
2409:
2446:
2258:
2207:" ืืื ืฉืื, "May his name be blotted out". Another phrase is "Shem reshaim yirkav" ืฉื ืจืฉืขืื ืืจืงื, "the name of the wicked will rot".
1189:
110:
77:
2308:
3111:
59:
48:
1241:, their translation, the masculine and feminine forms, the type of person which the honorific is applied to, and examples.
3121:
2152:
It is used primarily in reference to rabbis who have been deceased in recent memory. Thus, one is likely to write "Rabbi
1051:
2782:
476:
1968:
1660:
262:
166:
37:
2739:
2618:
1885:
1616:
Rabbenu Tzadok
Hacohen (may the memory of the righteous and holy be a blessing for the life of the world to come)
282:
225:
1963:. The term is also applied to any innocent Jew killed, whether for anti-Semitic reasons or others; for example,
84:
2774:
1143:
1041:
764:
2111:
2522:""Is the Epitaph Acronym ืขืดื an Abbreviation of ืขืืื ืืฉืืื or ืขืื ืืฉื?" Michael J. Broyde Hakirah #3 pg. 17"
1971:, is referred to as Shira Banki HY"D by the Israeli LGBTQ community. The term has also been used for Jewish
1717:
1695:
292:
192:
1767:. Park argues that ืฉืืื by itself is also intended as the equivalent, but that ืฉืืื ืขื ืืฉืืื means instead
3047:
2870:
2842:
2216:
1557:
1133:
769:
2313:. Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 2. Reihe. Vol. 121. Mohr Siebeck. p. 98.
2764:
2221:
1912:
1203:
1182:
1138:
1056:
2187:"; "may the memory of the righteous and holy be a blessing for the life of the world to come" (
2054:/May his merit shield us", and often follows the mention of meritorious righteous ones. A variant is "
2880:
2611:
2508:
1964:
1113:
1046:
201:
2713:
2172:
has acquired a different meaning, ZT"L may be used to distinguish the Tzadik in that modern sense.
1068:
759:
532:
368:
1764:
1128:
458:
272:
235:
127:
2175:
In the course of time, additional versions of the above expressions were created, for example: "
2488:
2277:
1775:
and the equivalent ืื ืืืชื ืืืื (Is. 11:10) , shortened to ืื"ื, was particularly common in the
2442:
2389:
2362:
2337:
2254:
1890:
551:
346:
254:
2385:
Death in Jewish Life: Burial and
Mourning Customs Among Jews of Europe and Nearby Communities
1787:
May he rest in peace / lie in peace and sleep in peace / until the
Comforter announces peace.
3027:
2860:
2787:
1238:
1175:
837:
736:
472:
433:
418:
174:
149:
3080:
3060:
2915:
2646:
2161:
2153:
1776:
1073:
981:
875:
428:
220:
185:
3055:
2812:
2754:
1916:
1163:
937:
732:
621:
527:
423:
299:
287:
230:
213:
180:
3105:
2936:
2827:
2749:
2651:
2435:
1607:
989:
904:
413:
313:
277:
143:
2565:"Religious phrases okayed on army headstones, including appeal for divine vengeance"
1933: (the classical Hebrew honorific for biblical figures), and by 1600 usage of
3037:
2671:
2204:
1781:
1724:
1511:
1461:
1123:
1118:
1063:
942:
847:
807:
754:
708:
512:
321:
2383:
2356:
2875:
2666:
2661:
2494:
2110:
people, and "the name of the wicked shall perish" on a wicked person. both from
749:
206:
155:
26:
2538:
2951:
2656:
2464:"Why Jews Say 'May Her Memory Be a Blessing/Revolution' When Someone Has Died"
1730:
994:
744:
537:
332:
2341:
2179:"; "may the memory of the righteous and holy be a blessing" (ZTVK"L;
1960:
1785:
concludes ืื ืื ื ืคืฉื ืืฉืืื / ืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืืืฉื ืืฉืืื / ืขื ืืื ืื ืื ืืฉืืืข ืฉืืื,
1230:
1211:
1207:
962:
661:
507:
484:
2681:
2521:
3075:
3012:
2920:
2905:
2900:
2885:
2802:
2703:
1908:
1215:
1019:
1004:
967:
957:
952:
817:
703:
656:
642:
499:
448:
267:
240:
1907:
The term ืขืืื ืืฉืืื did not appear in Hebrew literature until the early
3065:
3017:
3002:
2997:
2985:
2973:
2968:
2956:
2910:
2852:
2822:
2817:
2759:
2718:
2203:(i.e. evil, despised, etc.) are sometimes embellished with the phrase "
1103:
1009:
927:
832:
822:
777:
637:
632:
603:
591:
559:
438:
405:
389:
384:
374:
337:
135:
2326:"Aramaic Tombstones from Zoar and Jewish Conceptions of the Afterlife"
3085:
3070:
3032:
3022:
3007:
2992:
2978:
2963:
2941:
2865:
2837:
2832:
2807:
2797:
2792:
2723:
2708:
2226:
2167:
1234:
1108:
999:
947:
932:
922:
917:
890:
885:
868:
842:
827:
812:
787:
782:
698:
651:
626:
608:
522:
517:
494:
453:
443:
379:
356:
351:
2382:
Reif, Stefan C.; Lehnardt, Andreas; Bar-Levav, Avriel (2014-08-27).
2946:
2895:
2890:
2688:
2157:
2107:
2103:
1880:
1014:
912:
861:
854:
718:
713:
693:
688:
683:
598:
586:
581:
576:
569:
564:
489:
361:
327:
2282:
1941: (or its feminine/plural forms) as the only expansion of
1098:
613:
2607:
2603:
1972:
1893:). However, unlike in Islamic usage, the English abbreviation
20:
2437:
Ben-Yehuda's Pocket
English-Hebrew Hebrew-English Dictionary
2487:
Dandrowitz, Yisrael. "Zichrono
Livrocho on a Living Man".
1822: (m.)). It is often abbreviated in English both as
2253:. New York: Hebrew Publishing Company. pp. 564โ565.
2310:
Conceptions Of
Afterlife In Jewish Inscriptions Complete
1550:
may the memory of the righteous and holy be a blessing
2355:
Uro, Risto Ilmari; Flesher, Paul V. M. (2022-11-07).
2127:". The English abbreviation commonly used is "
2410:"ืฆืืืืง ืืืื - ืืืืชื ืื ืฉืคืืื | ืืคืขื ืืืืืื ืืืืกืืืจื"
1553:
righteous and holy person, not necessarily a martyr
3046:
2929:
2851:
2773:
2732:
2696:
2639:
1900:The above two may be used interchangeably; however
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2434:
2137:" is used. It is pronounced in reading as "
2433:Ben-Yehuda, Ehud; Weinstein, David, eds. (1961).
1925:("peace be upon him") was translated to Hebrew
1897:is not commonly used for the Jewish honorific.
1868: (f.)). It is abbreviated in English as
2156:ZT"L" (d. 1986) but far less likely to write "
2619:
2100:May the memory of the righteous be a blessing
1183:
8:
2441:. New York: Pocket Books. pp. xxโxxvi.
2165:
2144:
2138:
2128:
2118:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2037:
2011: (pl.)). The English abbreviation is
1993:
1985:
1977:
1920:
1919:, after the Arab conquest the Arabic phrase
1709:
1703:
1693:
1687:
1680:
1673:
1646:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1591:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1543:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1497:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1443:
1437:
1430:
1423:
1416:
1382:
1376:
1369:
1363:
1356:
1349:
1313:
1307:
1300:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1210:, on memorial walls inside the sanctuary of
2588:The Book of Samuel I, chapter 25, verse 29.
2626:
2612:
2604:
2244:
2242:
2078:; his soul in the heavenly vineyards) and
1190:
1176:
122:
1504:may the memory of the holy be a blessing
1214:, in speeches, and in writing such as in
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1639:
1582:
1536:
1490:
1436:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1243:
2238:
1233:used, along with their abbreviation in
134:
2388:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
1911:, a century after its introduction in
1507:holy person, not necessarily a martyr
2272:
2270:
1667:Rabbi Menachem Mendel Shneersohn ืื"ืข
7:
2302:
2300:
1229:The following chart shows different
60:"Honorifics for the dead in Judaism"
49:adding citations to reliable sources
2597:This phrase refers to Proverbs 10:7
2185:ืืืจ ืฆืืืง ืืงืืืฉ ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื
2086:
2080:
2074:
2068:
2056:
2038:
1921:
1704:
1688:
1681:
1641:
1634:
1577:
1563:Rabbi Avraham Yitzchak Bloch ืืฆืืงืดื
1558:Rabbi Avraham Yitzchak Bloch ZTVK"L
1538:
1531:
1492:
1485:
1438:
1431:
1377:
1364:
1357:
1308:
1295:
1288:
3117:Orthodox rabbinic roles and titles
2102:" is used after the names of holy
1967:, a teenager murdered in the 2015
14:
1937: had disappeared, leaving
1804:may his/her memory be a blessing.
1593:zekher tzaddik v'kadosh livrakha,
1322:may his/her memory be a blessing
2687:
2680:
2330:Journal for the Study of Judaism
1723:Martyred Jews or Jews killed by
1661:Rabbi Menachem Mendel Shneersohn
1620:Rabbenu Tzadok Hacohen ืืฆืืงืืืืดื
1545:zekher tzaddik v'kadosh livrakha
1157:
154:
148:
142:
25:
16:Jewish phrases to honor the dead
2251:Encyclopedia of Jewish Concepts
1957:May HaShem avenge his/her blood
1950:May HaShem avenge his/her blood
1879:This phrase is the same as the
1771:. Also popular was ืืฉืืื ืืืืื
36:needs additional citations for
2414:maagarim.hebrew-academy.org.il
2143:". It may be also written as "
1806:The Hebrew transliteration is
1:
1915:. According to the theory of
1798:The most common honorific is
1769:May his tomb be left in peace
2462:Burack, Emily (2020-09-21).
2358:Ancient Synagogues, Volume 2
2117:In Hebrew transliteration: "
1848:An alternative honorific is
1761:May he/she/you rest in peace
1736:Hana "Haniฤka" Bradyovรก ืืืดื
1731:Hana "Haniฤka" Bradyovรก HY"D
1728:
1722:
1715:
1702:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1632:
1625:
1614:
1611:
1599:
1575:
1568:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1529:
1522:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1483:
1476:
1459:
1454:
1452:the righteous be a blessing
1449:
1429:
1415:
1396:
1391:
1388:
1375:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1306:
1293:
1286:
1278:
1273:
1270:
2493:(in Hebrew). Vol. 11.
2166:
2145:
2139:
2129:
2119:
2062:
2050:
2044:
1994:
1986:
1978:
1872:The Hebrew abbreviation is
1830:The Hebrew abbreviation is
1710:
1694:
1674:
1647:
1627:
1592:
1570:
1544:
1524:
1498:
1478:
1444:
1424:
1417:
1383:
1370:
1350:
1314:
1301:
1280:
3138:
1656:outstandingly holy person
1612:outstandingly holy person
1389:may peace be upon him/her
2678:
2249:Birnbaum, Philip (1964).
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2134:
2124:
2016:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1873:
1865:
1861:
1831:
1819:
1815:
1584:
2307:Park, Joseph S. (2000).
1653:may his merit shield us
1467:Maran Ovadia Yosef ZTz"L
1343:Rabbi Israel Israeli ืืดื
1339:Rabbi Israel Israeli Z"L
2094:Memory of the righteous
1889:(which is used for all
1720:avenge his / her blood
1471:Maran Ovadia Yosef ืืฆืดื
1462:Maran Ovadia Yosef ZT"L
3112:Bereavement in Judaism
2490:Nezer HaTorah, Av 5765
2324:Wilfand, Yael (2009).
2217:Bereavement in Judaism
2120:zekher tzadik livrakha
2090:; died to his world).
2032:Holy and the righteous
1969:Jerusalem Pride Parade
1852:The Hebrew version is
1850:Peace be upon him/her.
1595:l'chayei ha'olam ha-ba
1499:zekher kadosh livrakha
1445:zekher tzadik livrakha
1257:Full phrase in Hebrew
2745:Prayers and blessings
2539:"ืฉืืืจืช ืืืื ื ืืจืืืคืื"
2222:Honorifics in Judaism
2051:zekhuto yagen `aleinu
2028:the chorus of life).
1843:Peace be upon him/her
1320:of blessed memory; or
1204:honorifics in Judaism
3122:Religious honorifics
2881:Weekly Torah reading
2195:Memory of the wicked
2177:ืืืจ ืฆืืืง ืืงืืืฉ ืืืจืื
1904:is the most common.
1773:May he rest in glory
1754:May he rest in peace
1648:zechuto yagen aleinu
1606:for the life of the
1585:ืืืจ ืฆืืืง ืืงืืืฉ ืืืจืื
1539:ืืืจ ืฆืืืง ืืงืืืฉ ืืืจืื
1260:English translation
45:improve this article
2714:Bar and bat mitzvah
2497:. pp. 157โ168.
2278:"Tractate Yoma 38a"
2164:communities, where
1922:ุนููููููู ูฑูุณููููุงู
ู
1394:or biblical figure
1069:Abrahamic religions
968:Selichot (S'lichot)
760:Bar and bat mitzvah
263:Principles of faith
2853:Religious practice
2133:" and in Hebrew, "
2123:" and in Hebrew: "
2075:ื ืฉืืชื ืืื ืื ืืจืืืื
2036:The abbreviation "
1995:HaShem yikom damam
1812:zikhronah livrakha
1744:General honorifics
1711:Hashem yikkom dama
1604:holy be a blessing
1335:Israel Israeli ืืดื
1331:Israel Israeli Z"L
1315:zikhronah livrakha
1164:Judaism portal
1129:Holocaust theology
3099:
3098:
2755:Grace after meals
2640:Birth and infancy
2543:israelhayom.co.il
2395:978-3-11-037748-4
2368:978-90-04-53236-6
2015:, the Hebrew one
1987:HaShem yikom dama
1979:HaShem yikom damo
1961:terrorist attacks
1902:of blessed memory
1891:prophets of Islam
1886:peace be upon him
1808:zikhrono livrakha
1800:of blessed memory
1793:Of blessed memory
1741:
1740:
1602:the righteous and
1600:may the memory of
1517:Judah Halevi ืืงืดื
1512:Judah Halevi ZK"L
1457:righteous person
1450:may the memory of
1410:Avraham Avinu ืข"ื
1406:Avraham Avinu A"H
1402:Albert Peretz ืขืดื
1398:Albert Peretz A"H
1327:righteous person
1302:zikhrono livrakha
1200:
1199:
552:Important figures
226:Reconstructionist
121:
120:
113:
95:
3129:
2861:613 commandments
2783:Marriageable age
2691:
2684:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2605:
2598:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2518:
2512:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2440:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2304:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2274:
2265:
2264:
2246:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2171:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2132:
2126:
2122:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2018:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1989:
1981:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1875:
1867:
1863:
1833:
1821:
1817:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1700:
1691:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1677:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1630:
1597:
1589:
1588:
1580:
1579:
1573:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1527:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1481:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1427:
1420:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1283:
1244:
1225:Comparison chart
1192:
1185:
1178:
1162:
1161:
1160:
434:Aruch HaShulchan
158:
152:
146:
123:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3081:Yahrzeit candle
3042:
2930:Religious items
2925:
2847:
2769:
2750:Prayer services
2728:
2692:
2686:
2685:
2676:
2647:Hebrew birthday
2635:
2632:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2573:
2571:
2569:Times of Israel
2563:
2562:
2558:
2548:
2546:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2524:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2506:
2502:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2472:
2470:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2449:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2418:
2416:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2396:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2369:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2306:
2305:
2298:
2288:
2286:
2276:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2248:
2247:
2240:
2235:
2213:
2197:
2154:Moshe Feinstein
2098:The honorific "
2096:
2087:ื ืคืืจ ืืืืช ืขืืืื
2034:
2025:
2007: (f.) /
2003: (m.) /
1999:(pl.) (Hebrew:
1953:
1909:Rishonic period
1864: (m.) /
1858:aleha ha-shalom
1846:
1818: (f.) /
1796:
1777:Rishonic period
1757:
1746:
1708:
1692:
1645:
1642:ืืืืชื ืืื ืขืืื ื
1605:
1603:
1601:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1542:
1496:
1456:
1451:
1442:
1421:
1393:
1384:aleha ha-shalom
1381:
1368:
1326:
1321:
1312:
1299:
1284:
1253:
1248:
1227:
1196:
1158:
1156:
1149:
1148:
1094:
1093:
1084:
1083:
1074:Judeo-Christian
1037:
1036:
1034:Other religions
1025:
1024:
985:
984:
973:
972:
908:
907:
896:
895:
850:
803:
802:
793:
792:
774:
740:
739:
724:
723:
679:
678:
676:Religious roles
667:
666:
629:
625:
555:
554:
543:
542:
504:
480:
479:
464:
463:
429:Mishnah Berurah
409:
408:
397:
396:
371:
324:
317:
316:
305:
304:
258:
257:
246:
245:
177:
170:
169:
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3135:
3133:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3104:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3056:Chevra Kadisha
3052:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2857:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2813:Jewish wedding
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2740:Ritual washing
2736:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2693:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2608:
2600:
2599:
2590:
2581:
2556:
2530:
2513:
2500:
2479:
2454:
2447:
2425:
2401:
2394:
2374:
2367:
2347:
2336:(4): 510โ539.
2316:
2296:
2266:
2259:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2212:
2209:
2196:
2193:
2183:), or "
2125:ืืืจ ืฆืืืง ืืืจืื
2095:
2092:
2048:" stands for "
2033:
2030:
2024:
2021:
1955:The honorific
1952:
1947:
1917:Michael Broyde
1860:(f.) (Hebrew:
1854:alav ha-shalom
1845:
1840:
1814:(f.) (Hebrew:
1795:
1790:
1782:Tzidduq hadDin
1756:
1751:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1727:
1721:
1714:
1701:
1685:
1678:
1670:
1669:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1638:
1631:
1623:
1622:
1613:
1610:
1598:
1587:ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื
1581:
1574:
1566:
1565:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1535:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1493:ืืืจ ืงืืืฉ ืืืจืื
1489:
1482:
1474:
1473:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1439:ืืืจ ืฆืืืง ืืืจืื
1435:
1428:
1413:
1412:
1395:
1392:non-rabbinical
1390:
1387:
1374:
1371:alav ha-shalom
1361:
1354:
1346:
1345:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1305:
1292:
1285:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1250:
1226:
1223:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1095:
1092:Related topics
1091:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
986:
982:Major holidays
980:
979:
978:
975:
974:
971:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
938:Birkat Hamazon
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
909:
903:
902:
901:
898:
897:
894:
893:
888:
882:
881:
880:
879:
872:
865:
858:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
804:
801:Ritual objects
800:
799:
798:
795:
794:
791:
790:
785:
780:
773:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
741:
731:
730:
729:
726:
725:
722:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
680:
674:
673:
672:
669:
668:
665:
664:
659:
654:
648:
647:
646:
645:
640:
635:
622:Rabbinic sages
617:
616:
611:
606:
601:
595:
594:
589:
584:
579:
573:
572:
567:
562:
556:
550:
549:
548:
545:
544:
541:
540:
535:
530:
528:Chevra kadisha
525:
520:
515:
510:
503:
502:
497:
492:
487:
481:
471:
470:
469:
466:
465:
462:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
424:Shulchan Aruch
421:
416:
410:
404:
403:
402:
399:
398:
395:
394:
393:
392:
387:
382:
377:
365:
364:
359:
354:
349:
343:
342:
341:
340:
335:
330:
318:
312:
311:
310:
307:
306:
303:
302:
300:Musar movement
297:
296:
295:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
259:
253:
252:
251:
248:
247:
244:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
217:
216:
211:
210:
209:
198:
197:
196:
195:
190:
189:
188:
171:
165:
164:
163:
160:
159:
139:
138:
132:
131:
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3134:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2937:Sifrei Kodesh
2935:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2828:Sheva Brachot
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2788:Role of women
2786:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2772:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2697:Coming of age
2695:
2690:
2683:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2652:Shalom Zachar
2650:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2629:
2624:
2622:
2617:
2615:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2594:
2591:
2585:
2582:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2531:
2523:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2504:
2501:
2496:
2492:
2491:
2483:
2480:
2469:
2465:
2458:
2455:
2450:
2448:0-671-47211-9
2444:
2439:
2438:
2429:
2426:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2397:
2391:
2387:
2386:
2378:
2375:
2370:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2351:
2348:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2317:
2312:
2311:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2260:0-88482-930-8
2256:
2252:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2202:
2194:
2192:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2147:
2141:
2131:
2121:
2115:
2113:
2112:Proverbs 10:7
2109:
2105:
2101:
2093:
2091:
2064:
2052:
2046:
2031:
2029:
2022:
2020:
2014:
1998:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1982:
1980:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1903:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1871:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1825:
1820:ืืืืจืื ื ืืืจืื
1816:ืืืืจืื ื ืืืจืื
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1743:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1699:
1697:
1676:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1662:
1649:
1629:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1609:
1608:world to come
1596:
1572:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1546:
1526:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1500:
1480:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1446:
1426:
1419:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1385:
1372:
1352:
1347:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1316:
1303:
1282:
1277:
1269:
1254:abbreviation
1249:abbreviation
1245:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1181:
1179:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
990:Rosh Hashanah
988:
987:
983:
977:
976:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
910:
906:
900:
899:
892:
889:
887:
884:
883:
878:
877:
873:
871:
870:
866:
864:
863:
859:
857:
856:
852:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
805:
797:
796:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
742:
738:
734:
728:
727:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
681:
677:
671:
670:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
649:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
630:
628:
624:
623:
619:
618:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
596:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
574:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
557:
553:
547:
546:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
505:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
482:
478:
474:
468:
467:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
414:Mishneh Torah
412:
411:
407:
401:
400:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
372:
370:
367:
366:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
325:
323:
320:
319:
315:
309:
308:
301:
298:
294:
291:
290:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
260:
256:
250:
249:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
218:
215:
212:
208:
205:
204:
203:
200:
199:
194:
191:
187:
184:
183:
182:
179:
178:
176:
173:
172:
168:
162:
161:
157:
151:
145:
141:
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3038:Four species
2672:Pidyon haben
2593:
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2012:
2009:ืืฉื ืืงืื ืืื
2005:ืืฉื ืืงืื ืืื
2001:ืืฉื ืืงืื ืืื
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1913:Judeo-Arabic
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1274:For a woman
1228:
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1124:Anti-Judaism
1119:Antisemitism
1064:Samaritanism
1042:Christianity
943:Shehecheyanu
874:
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848:Four species
755:Pidyon haben
709:Rosh yeshiva
620:
513:Beth midrash
459:Noahide laws
202:Conservative
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43:Please help
38:verification
35:
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2876:Torah study
2803:Matchmaking
2667:Hebrew name
2662:Zeved habat
2634:Jewish life
2545:(in Hebrew)
2495:HebrewBooks
1965:Shira Banki
1725:antisemites
1698:yikkom damo
1455:a holy or a
1325:a holy or a
1208:gravestones
808:Sefer Torah
770:Bereavement
750:Zeved habat
533:Holy Temple
473:Holy cities
207:Conservadox
101:August 2018
3106:Categories
3091:Honorifics
2808:Engagement
2765:Honorifics
2733:Daily life
2657:Brit milah
2473:2022-10-01
2419:2024-07-17
2233:References
2191:).
2106:and other
1939:ืขืืื ืืฉืืื
1927:ืขืืื ืืฉืืื
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1866:ืขืืื ืืฉืืื
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1263:When used
1231:honorifics
1216:obituaries
1212:synagogues
1202:Among the
995:Yom Kippur
538:Tabernacle
283:Chosenness
255:Philosophy
236:Humanistic
71:newspapers
2549:25 August
2509:Kiddushin
2361:. BRILL.
2342:0047-2212
2189:ืืฆืืงืืืืดื
2019:.
1945:.
1876:.
1834:.
1765:Palestine
1578:ืืฆืืงืืืืดื
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1057:Mormonism
963:Kol Nidre
737:education
662:Acharonim
508:Synagogue
485:Jerusalem
167:Movements
3076:Yahrzeit
3071:Tehillim
3013:Tefillin
2921:Tzedakah
2916:Holidays
2906:Chavurah
2901:Chavrusa
2886:Daf Yomi
2775:Marriage
2704:Upsherin
2468:Hey Alma
2211:See also
1266:Example
1144:Muhammad
1047:Hinduism
1020:Hanukkah
958:Tachanun
953:Havdalah
818:Tefillin
765:Marriage
657:Rishonim
643:Savoraim
500:Tiberias
449:Tzedakah
369:Rabbinic
268:Kabbalah
241:Haymanot
175:Orthodox
128:a series
126:Part of
3066:Kaddish
3028:Menorah
3018:Mezuzah
3003:Tzitzit
2998:Machzor
2986:Midrash
2974:Tosefta
2969:Mishnah
2957:Ketuvim
2952:Nevi'im
2911:Chidush
2866:Customs
2843:Divorce
2823:Chuppah
2818:Ketubah
2760:Kashrut
2719:Yeshiva
2574:18 July
2289:July 7,
2162:Hasidic
1991:(f.) /
1983:(m.) /
1935:ืขืื ืืฉื
1931:ืขืื ืืฉื
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1856:(m.) /
1826:and as
1810:(m.) /
1247:English
1239:English
1104:Zionism
1010:Shavuot
928:Kaddish
905:Prayers
838:Menorah
833:Mezuzah
823:Tzitzit
778:Yeshiva
733:Culture
638:Amoraim
633:Tannaim
604:Rebecca
592:Solomon
560:Abraham
439:Kashrut
390:Tosefta
385:Midrash
375:Mishnah
357:Piyutim
338:Ketuvim
333:Nevi'im
273:Messiah
231:Renewal
221:Karaite
186:Hasidic
136:Judaism
85:scholar
3086:Yizkor
3033:Shofar
3023:Kippah
3008:Tallit
2993:Siddur
2979:Gemara
2964:Talmud
2942:Tanakh
2838:Mikvah
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2798:Yichus
2793:Tzniut
2724:Kollel
2709:Wimpel
2511:, 31:b
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2201:wicked
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2140:zatzal
2104:rabbis
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1718:Hashem
1696:Hashem
1532:ืืฆืืงืดื
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1252:Hebrew
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1109:Israel
1005:Pesach
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933:Minyan
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918:Amidah
891:Gartel
886:Kittel
869:Hadass
843:Shofar
828:Kippah
813:Tallit
788:Cheder
783:Kollel
699:Hazzan
652:Geonim
627:Chazal
609:Rachel
523:Sukkah
518:Mikveh
495:Hebron
477:places
454:Niddah
444:Tzniut
380:Talmud
352:Siddur
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322:Tanakh
278:Ethics
214:Reform
193:Modern
181:Haredi
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3061:Shiva
3048:Death
2947:Torah
2896:Siyum
2891:Shiur
2871:Rites
2525:(PDF)
2158:Rashi
2146:ZTz"L
2081:ื ืื"ืข
2069:ื ืื"ื
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1139:Jesus
1134:Music
1052:Islam
1015:Purim
913:Shema
876:Arava
862:Lulav
855:Etrog
719:Kohen
714:Mohel
704:Dayan
694:Posek
689:Rebbe
684:Rabbi
599:Sarah
587:David
582:Aaron
577:Moses
570:Jacob
565:Isaac
490:Safed
362:Zohar
328:Torah
314:Texts
293:Names
92:JSTOR
78:books
2576:2024
2551:2023
2443:ISBN
2390:ISBN
2363:ISBN
2338:ISSN
2291:2019
2283:Yoma
2255:ISBN
2135:ืืฆืดื
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2108:holy
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735:and
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1973:IDF
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