116:, in which Murphy suddenly demanded entry to the ASIO headquarters in Melbourne and the Canberra office, after the press had been alerted. The government's inability to justify the raids in Parliament and ASIO's own response - leaking documents which contradicted the prime minister's account - "rendered the reform of the intelligence community both politically untouchable and urgent".
293:
to spy on
Japanese delegates during 1973 trade negotiations. This was the first of many such instances. By the time of the Second Hope Commission in the 1980s he found the exploitation of Pine Gap had changed and that the Hawke government was handing raw intelligence to major Australian corporations.
141:
In the light of past experience, and having regard to the security of
Australia as a nation, the rights and responsibilities of individual persons and future as well as present needs, to make recommendations on the intelligence and security services which the nation should have available to it and on
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I found ASIO’s files in such disorder that, in the time that has been available to me, I have been quite unable to establish the truth or otherwise of many of the particulars of matter alleged in evidence, or raised with ASIO as the result of other inquiries. I have taken the view, however, that my
277:
In a top secret supplement to the report on ASIO Hope stated his suspicion that ASIO had been "penetrated by a hostile intelligence agency" that had succeeded in making the organisation ineffective. He shared the belief of US and UK intelligence agencies that ASIO was fundamentally compromised and
167:
The Royal
Commission began a process of reform that consciously depoliticised ASIO, brought it into line with the established practises of the bureaucracy, and refocused it on tangible threats posed to the state. However, the selection of royal commissioner and the terms of reference prevented the
119:
In
September 1973, Whitlam publicly indicated that an inquiry into ASIO of some kind would be instigated. Labor took the policy of establishing a judicial inquiry to the 1974 election as part of its policy platform. It was not until the controversial leak of the 'Cairns dossier' (ASIO's view of
294:
He said he found ASIO to be dominated by conservatives who were fanatical about the Cold War and that "the whole system was substantially directed to the left wing of politics”. He found that ASIO was "deliberately designed to shield the organisation from external (and internal) scrutiny".
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An organisation truly fulfilling ... is entitled to the confidence and respect of the nation. It is only in performing such a role that ASIO will be able to attain a standing comparable with that of the various defence services. My recommendations will be directed to this
268:
Aside from the observation that ASIS was 'singularly well run and well managed', the report(s) on ASIS were not released, but on 25 October 1977, Fraser publicly announced the existence of ASIS and its functions on the
Commission's recommendation.
136:
on 21 August 1974 on the advice of
Whitlam and Murphy. The terms of reference were made public by Whitlam in a press release on the same day. The most important part of the terms of reference, as Whitlam argued in 1985, was:
301:
controversially ordered that the
Commission "should not be told too much" because this would put the Five Eyes alliance in jeopardy. As a result, the Commission was not granted access to the satellite tracking station at
227:
Hope recommended that ASIO should continue to be overseen by the
Executive (Australian Government) as opposed to Parliament and that the organisation be routinely reviewed to ensure its operational efficacy.
192:
With regards to ASIO, Hope found that its existence was legally, philosophically and practically legitimate. Despite being directed by the terms of reference to examine the history of ASIO, Hope declined:
176:
observed secretly, "Seems clear has no intention of abolishing... He will eventually be able to say that he has had a careful inquiry... and might make some organizational or personnel changes."
163:, suggests the Royal Commission could have brought ASIO to an end. However, this has since been argued to be incorrect as the Whitlam government had no intention of disbanding or abolishing ASIO:
250:. ONA reported directly to the Prime Minister to provide foreign intelligence assessments on political, strategic and economic issues. ONA began operations on 20 February 1978, and assumed the
246:
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314:
On 27 May 2008, the records of the commission were partly released to the public. As of 2014, many declassified documents authored by the commission remain redacted.
537:
254:'s foreign intelligence assessment role. The Joint Intelligence Organisation retained its defence intelligence assessment role until it was restructured as the
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109:, stressed that terrorists would be hunted and political violence either to person or property would not be tolerated either inside or outside Australia.
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Mr
Malcolm Fraser, 'Royal Commission on Intelligence and Security', Ministerial Statement, House of Representatives, Debates, 25 October 1977, p. 2339
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Hope made many recommendations. With regards to ASIO, Hope wanted it to become truly part of the defence forces of
Australia and celebrated as such:
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to be released after his death. In the interview Hope revealed a number of controversial things. According to Hope, the Whitlam government had used
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task is to make recommendations for the future rather than to seek to track down the truth or otherwise of past errors or alleged past errors.
142:
the way in which the relevant organisations can most efficiently and effectively serve the interest of the Australian people and Government...
89:(ASIO) in 1949, the subsequent actions of the organisation contributed to Labor's long period out of office. One of the first acts of the new
202:
In his report, Hope asserted that Australia's intelligence agencies were too close to those in the UK and the US, as part of the five-nation
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of the NSW Court of Appeal. It concluded its work in 1977, although the reports were gradually handed down from 1975 under Prime Minister
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The Hope Royal Commission delivered eight reports, four of which were tabled in Parliament on 5 May 1977 and 25 October 1977.
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Gyngell, A. and Wesley, M. (2003) Making Australian Foreign Policy. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. (page 146)
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124:) in June 1974 - although the leak probably occurred much earlier in April 1973 - that an inquiry was called.
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During its first term (1972-1974) the government quickly became embroiled in a political scandal known as the
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that this was part of a global trend or "grand design", possibly referring to the leak of the FBI's
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Royal Commission from reaching radical conclusions, especially the disbandment of ASIO.
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Labor had rejected the policy of abolishment at its 1971 and 1973 conferences. As the
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and the Croatian nationalist bombings in Sydney. Both Whitlam and Attorney-General
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613:. This document contains numerous references upon which this article is based.
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240:(ONA) as a statutory body independent from government with the passage of the
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to combat global terrorism, which had recently gained prominence with the
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Results from the other reports included the establishment of the
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Records of the Royal Commission on Intelligence and Security
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Origins of the Royal Commission on Intelligence and Security
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Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Act 1979
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to reach findings and make recommendations as to the
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had come to power in 1972 after over two decades of
538:"Robert Marsden Hope and Australian Public Policy"
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195:
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139:
285:In 1998, Hope conducted an interview with the
762:Royal Commission on Intelligence and Security
87:Australian Security Intelligence Organisation
32:Royal Commission on Intelligence and Security
8:
353:https://hcommons.org/deposits/item/hc:21763/
297:The Secretary of the Department of Defence,
777:Commonwealth of Australia royal commissions
132:The Governor-General commissioned Justice
261:The Defence Signals Division was renamed
56:The commission was conducted by Justice
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242:Office of National Assessments Act 1977
396:"Australia's Cold War spooks revealed"
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388:
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7:
351:(2018: MA thesis submitted at UNSW)
797:1977 disestablishments in Australia
273:Top secret and undisclosed aspects
93:was to help US-led efforts in the
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256:Defence Intelligence Organisation
85:rule. Despite having created the
51:Australian Intelligence Community
42:established on 21 August 1974 by
792:Australian intelligence agencies
787:1974 establishments in Australia
244:, and the reform of ASIO by the
718:Origins of the Royal Commission
705:Origins of the Royal Commission
692:Origins of the Royal Commission
679:Origins of the Royal Commission
666:Origins of the Royal Commission
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447:Origins of the Royal Commission
434:Origins of the Royal Commission
421:Origins of the Royal Commission
378:Origins of the Royal Commission
365:Origins of the Royal Commission
252:Joint Intelligence Organisation
95:United Nations General Assembly
644:Office of National Assessments
623:National Archives of Australia
611:Intelligence Services Act 2001
600:Bills Digest No. 11 of 2001–02
545:Office of National Assessments
238:Office of National Assessments
1:
287:National Library of Australia
310:Release of commission papers
27:Australian government agency
263:Defence Signals Directorate
44:Prime Minister of Australia
818:
730:Dibb, Paul (31 May 2008).
83:Liberal Party of Australia
34:(RCIS), also known as the
151:The second volume of the
732:"How spies won turf war"
598:Parliament of Australia
153:Official History of ASIO
400:Television New Zealand
225:
200:
170:
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120:Deputy Prime Minister
105:, emulating President
79:Australian Labor Party
36:First Hope Commission
802:Espionage by country
99:1972 Munich Olympics
174:US State Department
134:Robert Marsden Hope
646:History of the ONA
605:6 May 2009 at the
554:on 26 January 2014
128:Terms of reference
91:Whitlam government
73:Policy development
329:Watergate scandal
206:(commonly called
147:Abolition of ASIO
114:1973 Murphy raids
16:(Redirected from
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62:Malcolm Fraser
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741:. Retrieved
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155:, edited by
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35:
31:
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58:Robert Hope
771:Categories
743:30 January
589:, 182-183.
558:30 January
405:30 January
335:References
280:COINTELPRO
122:Jim Cairns
68:Background
514:, Chp. 8.
475:, 167-68.
462:, Chp. 7.
449:, 157-58.
423:, Chp. 6.
380:, Chp. 6.
258:in 1990.
208:Five Eyes
603:Archived
367:, Pt. 1.
318:See also
304:Pine Gap
291:Pine Gap
188:Findings
38:, was a
180:Reports
720:, 186.
707:, 185.
694:, 127.
681:, 184.
668:, 184.
576:, 171.
527:, 179.
501:, 158.
488:, 170.
436:, 119.
552:(PDF)
541:(PDF)
223:end."
745:2014
560:2014
407:2014
77:The
30:The
609:of
210:).
773::
734:.
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398:.
385:^
306:.
282:.
265:.
64:.
53:.
747:.
562:.
409:.
20:)
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