662:
1049:
460:
495:
591:' 4th Corps on the left flank, in preparation for the battle ahead. He had great difficulty crossing "the steep, muddy ravines that had to be crossed without a guide, sometimes in the deepest darkness, sometimes in the midst of bivouac fires that dazzled them and made them lose all direction". Artillery played a decisive role at Moskova, where no fewer than 60,000 cannon shots were fired by French and Allied artillerymen, according to an official report drawn up by General Lariboisière, the Grande Armée's inspector general of artillery. Based on 50,000 Russian cannon shots, this gives a figure of three cannon shots per second for the ten hours of battle.
770:
600:
375:
31:
1023:
955:
939:
521:'s troops suffered heavy losses on the morning of 6 July 1809, and were forced to retreat, the Austrians decided to reinforce their wings, de facto weakening their centre. Napoleon then decided to use his artillery in the centre to prepare his counter-offensive, and ordered General Lauriston to concentrate all his batteries there. The Guard artillery deployed forty-eight guns, twenty-four of them mounted, and was soon joined by the line artillery for a total of one hundred guns on a 1,400-meter front. These combined efforts opened a breach in the Austrian centre, into which
997:
1213:
1061:
320:
974:
1080:
2022:
281:
542:
888:
747:
2011:
1198:
483:, on the outskirts of the capital. Lieutenant Bosc writes to his family: "The officers are housed with the soldiers in their quarters. There's not a single piece of furniture, no bed, no chair, no bench. We sleep on the floor. I like the bivouac where I am today about as much as this kind of accommodation. I don't need to tell you that we're not all comfortable in Spain".
1232:
848:
The "tenue de route" is a sober version of the "grande tenue", without the pelisse - which can, however, be "chaussée" (slipped over the dolman) in bad weather - and without the plumeet of the colback, or of the "petite tenue", worn with the charivari. The artillerymen are equipped with the cavalry's
818:
During the
Hundred Days, no Hungarian-style outfits were made for the troop, which also wore neither sabretaches, nor colback flames nor plumes, the latter having most likely, according to Pierre Juhel, been "left in store when the horse artillery left for the campaign, following the example of other
918:
As was customary in the mounted troops of
Napoleonic armies, trumpeters wore a distinctly more colorful uniform than that of the ranks. Like those of the officers, the trumpets' large and small uniforms are of the same cut as those of the troop, but sky-blue in color, with the flame and plume of the
622:. Colonel Major Griois describes his regiment's engagement as follows: "Some distance ahead of the town, we encountered the enemy vanguard. It was supported by numerous Russian and Prussian troops, and soon the affair became general, particularly to the left, where I was with part of the artillery".
1518:
During the battle, Napoleon himself aimed one of the Guard's horse artillery pieces. As several artillerymen were killed alongside him, and his staff implored him to withdraw, the
Emperor replied: "Come, my friends, the cannonball that is to kill me has not yet melted! Another version says that, as
584:: "A superb sky and the setting sun reflected in the rifles and sabres added to the beauty of the spectacle. From their positions, the rest of the army followed these marching troops with their eyes, proud to be the first to be called to the honor of combat, and accompanied them with their cheers".
327:
The Regime of the Horse
Artillery of the Imperial Guard was created by imperial decree on 15 April 1806. It was organized into three squadrons, two of veterans and one of velites, each divided into two companies of 60 men, for a theoretical total of 360 artillerymen. The Guard's horse artillery
732:, inflicting severe losses on the enemy. Nevertheless, with no cavalry or infantry support, no decisive results were obtained from two hours of deadly exchanges of shells and cannonballs. At around 7:30 p.m., the Guard's horse artillery took part with four batteries in the
331:
In May 1811, the Guard's horse artillery fielded 24 cannon. On 2 January 1813, two new companies were created, and this was ratified by imperial decree on April 8. At that date, the regiment had 36 artillery pieces. In 1814, a 7th company was added to the regiment, formed from
328:
underwent numerous changes, including the reduction of each company to 80 men, and was reshuffled several times, notably in 1808 when the 3rd squadron of velites was incorporated into the newly-created Guard foot artillery regiment, reducing the strength to 320 artillerymen.
717:. The Emperor galloped there with the horse artillery of the Guard, which he had batteryed to cannonade the allied rearguard. Six artillery pieces marched to the front in pursuit of the retreating enemy, alongside Napoleon, who led the column on a small, very light
1131:
721:. The Emperor is constantly with the guns, exalting the horse artillerymen of the Guard by his presence and his words, and more than once amid cannonballs and shells, he shouts to them with an accent of hatred: "Shoot! Shoot them! They're English!".
923:, and the saddle blanket and portmanteau of the same color. The colback is white and, as with the officers, all the trimmings and fittings on the large uniform are gold. The pelisse is red, trimmed with white fur, and the
665:
The horse artillery of the
Imperial Guard grappling with British infantry at Waterloo. Watercolor by Denis Dighton, 1819. An officer is visible in the foreground. By mistake, the author shows the horsemen wearing visored
2079:
973:
954:
2069:
1060:
2074:
2685:
1048:
2680:
300:. The horse artillerymen were increased to the size of a squadron after a second company was created on 25 August 1802, incorporating the last cannoneer-guides from the Army of the East.
1022:
1977:
907:
is trimmed with white fur. The sabretaches are brighter than those of the troop, red with gold trim and braid (see figures 2 and 8). The giberne band is red with gold braid and trim.
804:
The headdress consists of a black colback with cords and chinstraps, topped with a vermilion plumeet and a tricolor cockade. The whole is decorated with red snowshoes and a red flam.
1110:, depicted horses covered with a blue saddlecloth, braided in red and decorated with the imperial eagle in the points covering the hindquarters (see figure 1). Officers wore "fancy"
831:, but in blue. The jacket (frac) is long, red-trimmed and stamped with the imperial eagle. The pointed lapel and straight collar are piped in red. It is worn over a blue vest. A red
1999:
378:
Napoleon checking the alignment of a cannon on the battlefield. Around him, the mounted artillerymen of the
Imperial Guard prepare to fire the starter's pistol. Illustration by Job.
1523:, a cannonball rolled past him. Pushing his horse onto the explosive, it burst and Napoleon rolled to the ground. Rising unscathed, he is said to have uttered his famous phrase...
2690:
895:
Officers' uniforms and dress uniforms are in the same style as those of the troops, but with a more attractive cut (Guards officers regularly had their uniforms made by private
1212:
274:
2239:
486:
On 6 January 1809, a two-piece convoy of Guards horse artillery commanded by Bosc was attacked by the
Spaniards and had to withdraw, leaving three dead and two wounded.
418:
1070:
1191:
with six cannons, prompting
Napoleon to declare: "Doesn't it look like Duchand is deserting?". The latter was hit by a cannonball during the battle and died instantly.
343:
Following the
Emperor's abdication, the Guard artillery was disbanded by royal decree on 12 May 1814. The horse artillerymen were transferred to the line regiments.
938:
1423:
996:
1134:
Jean-Jacques
Desvaux de Saint-Maurice (1775–1815), last commander of theImperial Guard artillery, killed at the Battle of Waterloo. Oil on canvas, 19th century.
661:
350:, with four companies. It was definitively disbanded on 7 November 1815, and most of its men were used to form the new artillery regiments of the Garde royale.
1102:
The saddle consisted of a white and red chabraque, with a blue portmanteau with red braids, but other 19th-century military painters and illustrators, such as
533:
with an army reduced by around 50,000 men. During the battle, the French artillery fired some 96,000 cannon shots and used around 250,000 pounds of gunpowder.
459:
1992:
292:, Bonaparte created the Garde des Consuls, which included a company of horse artillery. This company particularly distinguished itself at the battles of
1079:
1317:
Lettres du Capitaine Bosc (1807–1809), Compilation, présentation et commentaires par Diégo Mané, d'après des documents communiqués par Jean-Luc Marie
841:, reinforced with black leather basanes on the inside from the crotch and with underfoot, is also worn. Nankin pants can also be worn in summer. The
2038:
793:
of the dolman is blue, edged in red, and the "pointed" facings are red. The wool belt is scarlet with yellow cords. The buttons are all yellow. The
710:
444:
2089:
2048:
1251:
828:
554:
429:
2675:
2213:
1180:
was appointed colonel-general of the regiment, and Desvaux de Saint-Maurice was put in charge of the entire artillery of the Guard. During the
649:
plain before they were out of range. Napoleon himself pointed one of the pieces from two batteries of horse artillery in the direction of the
417:
positions. The enthusiastic Ney soon found himself in the middle of the enemy lines, and artillery support was decisive when Prussian general
2183:
2102:
2030:
1985:
1389:
1370:
1342:
1305:
1162:
1089:
706:
695:
147:
769:
612:
231:
494:
2470:
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1154:
599:
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2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
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2234:
2229:
451:'s cavalry galloped forward to repel a Russian charge, a 30-gun battery was quickly deployed, inflicting heavy losses on the Russians.
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2188:
374:
30:
1401:
Fastes de la Légion d'honneur : biographie de tous les décorés accompagnée de l'histoire législative et réglementaire de l'ordre
910:
Officers are generally armed with "fancy" light cavalry sabers, with elaborate guards (see figure 7) and richly decorated scabbards.
1589:
1493:
526:
448:
2650:
2588:
2364:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2354:
2097:
1526:
Gustave de Pontécoulant places General Desvaux de Saint-Maurice's death at around 4 p.m. (see de Pontécoulant 1866, p. 301).
2614:
2299:
2304:
2053:
1114:-skin chabraques embellished with yellow braid edged in red and festooned in red, blue or gold (see figures 2 and 4). Harness,
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2043:
855:' uniforms differed little from those of the troops. However, there are gold rank braids above the facing. A red and yellow
273:
of escort guides. Satisfied with this organization, which combined firepower and mobility, he repeated the operation in the
2593:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
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on the Mont-Saint-Jean plateau. Before the fighting was over, General Desvaux de Saint-Maurice was killed by a cannonball.
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2516:
2511:
2506:
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2349:
1261:
406:
200:
2145:
1218:
1142:
141:
2645:
2629:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2016:
646:
634:
304:
293:
181:
2619:
1177:
402:
196:
1231:
733:
502:
The two artillery regiments of the Guard (horse artillery and foot artillery) were brought together under General
235:
2112:
1237:
1166:
581:
550:
220:
2579:
1520:
852:
778:
588:
433:
391:
1122:
are made of black leather for the troops, studded or embellished with gilded copper parts for the officers.
740:
608:
387:
270:
250:
227:
739:
After this final feat of arms, the unit was definitively disbanded following Napoleon's abdication and the
319:
1280:
Petit journal de l'exposition "Napoléon, l'histoire et la légende" : Bicentenaire de Wagram 1809-2009
1197:
838:
573:
307:
was formed by imperial decree, incorporating the horse artillery squadron. This squadron took part in the
266:
189:
2320:
1169:
became major of the regiment, a position he held until the Guard artillery was disbanded on 12 May 1814.
638:
984:
702:
630:
1107:
945:
815:
with red ornaments and aurora, with an embroidered imperial eagle in the center (in copper from 1811).
691:
507:
480:
216:
2325:
790:
1203:
1138:
619:
577:
522:
395:
308:
95:
903:, Hungarian knots and other trimmings, small garment furs) are gold, as are the boot trimmings. The
436:. Throughout the day of 8 February 1807, it supported the center of the army with a 40-gun battery.
1103:
1039:
645:, a large-caliber gun was installed, and had time to fire six shots at the coalition forces on the
642:
626:
440:
289:
208:
100:
62:
518:
2205:
1417:
1181:
725:
687:
569:
562:
558:
390:
in September 1805, the Guard's horse artillerymen numbered 286 men. Under the command of Colonel
115:
110:
603:
Napoleon giving instructions to the horse artillerymen of the Guard at the Battle of Montmirail.
280:
2021:
1585:
1489:
1436:
1385:
1366:
1338:
1301:
1150:
980:
679:
671:
541:
503:
337:
311:
on 2 December 1805, supporting the attack of the Guard cavalry with 16 guns in two batteries.
297:
246:
1146:
1035:
900:
887:
786:
511:
358:
333:
105:
1256:
1188:
683:
425:
204:
195:
Initially organized into three squadrons, the Guard's horse artillerymen took part in the
173:
472:
72:
701:
On 17 June 1815, Napoleon observed that the Quatre-Bras position so hotly contested the
1933:
729:
212:
587:
On the night of 6–7 September 1812, Griois moved his artillery pieces forward to join
188:
until April 1806, its origins date back to May 1797, when it was first trained in the
2669:
1149:, where his right arm was blown off by a cannonball. As a reward, he was promoted to
1031:
920:
876:
837:
is worn on the left shoulder. Pants and boots are those of the grande tenue, but the
833:
808:
718:
637:, where Napoleon was to join them. Around 4 p.m., after a cavalry charge by Generals
1505:
Histoire générale des ordres de chevalerie, civils et militaires, existant en Europe
1459:
Souvenirs militaires. Napoléon à Waterloo, ou précis rectifié de la campagne de 1815
1410:
Les régiments d'artillerie de la Garde impériale sous le Premier Empire (1804–1815)
1222:
1173:
746:
675:
347:
242:
323:
Jean-Jacques Desvaux de Saint-Maurice, in Guard horse artillery officer's uniform.
1529:
This detail is repeated by many contemporary uniformologists: see external links.
1450:
Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850
1141:
was appointed major when the regiment was created in 1806. On 13 September 1808,
35:
Horse artilleryman of the Imperial Guard. Oil painting by Édouard Detaille, 1870.
1006:
1477:
Artillerie à cheval de la Garde : officiers et trompettes : 1800–1815
1130:
479:
on December 3, where four of their officers were wounded. The unit bivouacs at
241:
The régiment d'artillerie à cheval de la Garde was reformed in 1815 during the
1158:
924:
812:
410:
899:) and a more sparkling look. All embellishments (collar cords and snowshoes,
964:
82:
1440:
1382:
De l'île d'Elbe à Waterloo : la Garde impériale pendant les Cent-Jours
249:. It was definitively disbanded after Napoleon's second abdication and the
773:
Guard mounted artilleryman in full regalia, drawing by Adolphe de Chesnel.
1185:
794:
714:
262:
185:
177:
1363:
The French Imperial Guard : Cavalry and Horse Artillery (1804–1815)
827:
The small uniform of the mounted artillerymen is similar to that of the
728:. At around 5:30 pm, Napoleon detached two batteries to the left of the
261:
The story of the Guard's horse artillerymen began on May 30, 1797, when
1115:
1111:
904:
842:
782:
629:
on 18 February 1814. At around 7 a.m., the horse artillery set off for
530:
463:
Imperial Guard horse artillery taking up position, by Alphonse Lalauze.
414:
354:
2010:
896:
650:
476:
52:
514:, where the artillery played a decisive role in the French victory.
797:
are blue with red Hungarian knots. Light cavalry "Hungarian-style"
674:, the Guard's horse artillery was reconstituted in 1815 during the
1433:
Histoire anecdotique, politique et militaire de la Garde impériale
1129:
886:
872:
768:
745:
660:
598:
540:
493:
468:
458:
401:
In 1806 and 1807, the Guard's horse artillerymen took part in the
383:
373:
318:
279:
398:
on December 2 of the same year, with a strength of 298 soldiers.
1119:
798:
698:, the latter being in charge of all the artillery of the Guard.
607:
The Guard's horse artillerymen again took an active part in the
557:'s 3rd Cavalry Corps. It distinguished itself at the battles of
1981:
1488:. Translated by Kahn, Michèle. Saint-Germain-en-Laye: Commios.
1145:
became major of the Garde horse artillery. He stood out at the
525:'s troops rushed, cutting the Austrian army in two and forcing
336:'s Spanish Royal Guard, which had returned to France after the
1519:
Napoleon was reviewing the grenadiers of the Guard during the
979:
Figure 3: Artillery officers in full regalia, illustration by
891:
Foot gunner and mounted artillery officer, drawing by Lacoste.
777:
Guards mounted artillerymen wear hussar-style uniforms, with
475:. The Guard's horse artillerymen took part in the capture of
357:, Surgeon-Major Therrin, who was promoted to Officer of the
346:
The Guard's horse artillery was reformed in 1815 during the
724:
The following day, the horse artillerymen took part in the
713:'s rearguard, whose army had retreated in the direction of
424:
The horse artillery once again distinguished itself at the
269:, created a horse artillery section of 30 gunners from his
238:
on 12 May 1814 and transferred back to the line regiments.
1399:
Lievyns, A.; Verdot, Jean Maurice; BĂ©gat, Pierre (1844).
1165:
was appointed major of the regiment. On 6 November 1813,
580:'s 1st corps, which sounded like a festive tune to Major
871:
Armament consists of a light cavalry-style curved steel
1335:
La campagne de Russie : 22 juin - 14 décembre 1812
1069:
Imperial Guard horse artillery saber on display at the
284:
Battle of Marengo. Painting by Louis-François Lejeune.
1636:
1282:. Draguignan: Musée de l'artillerie. 2009. p. 8.
849:
ample "rotunda coat" for bad weather (see figure 3).
785:, trimmed in black fur, "imperial blue" with scarlet
545:
Mounted artilleryman and veteran, drawing by Lacoste.
428:, pounding the Russians under the command of General
2686:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1815
879:(see figure 6), as the artillerymen have no musket.
2638:
2607:
2578:
2479:
2388:
2342:
2313:
2292:
2253:
2222:
2204:
2197:
2176:
2144:
2111:
2088:
2062:
2029:
750:
Guards horse artillery cannonading enemy positions.
421:decided to counter-attack with his entire cavalry.
129:
124:
88:
78:
68:
58:
48:
40:
23:
1867:
1695:
1384:. Annecy-le-Vieux: Éditions de la Revue Napoléon.
875:with a copper guard (see figure 5) and an An XIII
549:The Guard's horse artillery also took part in the
2681:Military units and formations established in 1806
1486:Austerlitz : Napoléon, l'Europe et la Russie
1909:
1468:Artillerie à cheval de la Garde : 1800–1815
568:On 5 September 1812, the regiment witnessed the
1850:
1838:
1826:
1814:
1184:, the former rushed to within rifle range of a
819:Guard troops for which the fact is mentioned".
443:under the command of generals Lariboisière and
498:The Guard's horse artillery at Wagram, by Job.
277:, this time forming a half-company of 60 men.
1993:
1743:
1731:
1326:Napoléon et la campagne de France : 1814
963:Officer by Tanconville. In the background, a
8:
1957:
1291:. Draguignan: Impr. du Progrès. p. 24.
618:On 11 February 1814, they took part in the
467:In 1808, Napoleon personally intervened in
439:Mounted artillerymen also took part in the
2604:
2385:
2339:
2310:
2289:
2219:
2201:
2059:
2000:
1986:
1978:
1422:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1403:. Vol. 3. Bureau de l'administration.
226:The unit again took an active part in the
29:
1921:
1886:
927:has a sky-blue background and gold trim.
2691:Regiments of Napoleon I's Imperial Guard
1803:
983:. They are wearing the rotunda coat and
1660:
1648:
1539:
1503:Viton de Saint-Allais, Nicolas (1811).
1252:Imperial Guard Artillery (First empire)
1193:
1013:
929:
829:mounted chasseurs of the Imperial Guard
678:. During this period, it fought in the
1968:
1945:
1791:
1683:
1431:de Saint-Hilaire, Émile Marco (1847).
1415:
1071:Musée d'art et d'histoire de Neuchâtel
20:
1897:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1352:Lubin Griois, Charles Pierre (1909).
1163:Jean-Jacques Desvaux de Saint-Maurice
576:, at the head of the 5th division of
170:Horse Artillery of the Imperial Guard
148:Jean-Jacques Desvaux de Saint-Maurice
24:Horse Artillery of the Imperial Guard
7:
1779:
1767:
1755:
1719:
1707:
1672:
1624:
1620:
1618:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1584:. DelPrado & Osprey Publishing.
1575:
1573:
1564:
1560:
1558:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1365:. Vol. 4. Amber Books Limited.
823:Lightweight handling and roadholding
811:is black. Riders also wear the blue
760:Troops and non-commissioned officers
807:The buffleteries are white and the
234:of 1814, before being disbanded by
1161:artillery school. Six days later,
801:are black with red ornamentation.
184:. Although it was not formed as a
16:French military unit, 1806 to 1815
14:
1868:Lievyns, Verdot & BĂ©gat (1844
1696:Lievyns, Verdot & BĂ©gat (1844
1457:de Pontécoulant, Gustave (1866).
1054:Figure 6: An XIII cavalry pistol.
2020:
2009:
1580:Haythornthwaite, Philip (2004).
1324:Boudon, Jacques-Olivier (2014).
1230:
1211:
1196:
1157:and appointed commandant of the
1078:
1059:
1047:
1021:
1005:Officer and trumpet, drawing by
995:
972:
953:
937:
690:, under the command of generals
1178:Jean-Baptiste Duchand de Sancey
595:Campaigns in Germany and France
199:, in particular the battles of
845:can be worn with this outfit.
1:
2676:Artillery regiments of France
1262:Lancers of the Imperial Guard
967:of the Garde artillery train.
883:Officers (Figures 2, 3 and 4)
403:Prussian and Polish campaigns
370:First campaigns of the Empire
197:Prussian and Polish campaigns
1300:. Paris: Perrin. p. 8.
734:attack on the Imperial Guard
1637:Viton de Saint-Allais (1811
1238:Charles Pierre Lubin Griois
1167:Charles Pierre Lubin Griois
625:They also took part in the
394:, they were present at the
2707:
1475:Rousselot, Lucien (1980).
1466:Rousselot, Lucien (1958).
1354:Mémoires du général Griois
1287:Bienvenu, Jacques (1964).
290:coup d'Ă©tat of 18 Brumaire
265:, then at the head of the
2651:Artillery Train Battalion
2615:Artillery Train Battalion
2017:Napoleon's Imperial Guard
1219:Augustin Marie d'Aboville
1143:Augustin Marie d'Aboville
1090:Desvaux de Saint-Mauriece
853:Non-commissioned officers
409:, they supported Marshal
142:Augustin-Marie d'Aboville
28:
1521:Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube
1448:Mullié, Charles (1852).
1361:Jouineau, André (2006).
1298:IĂ©na : Octobre 1806
1289:La Bataille de Montereau
1225:on canvas, 19th century.
696:Desvaux de Saint-Maurice
510:of 1809, notably at the
434:Imperial Guard artillery
211:. They took part in the
156:Duchand de Sancey (1815)
1153:on 9 July 1809, made a
392:Joseph Christophe Couin
257:Origins of the Regiment
2589:Administration Workers
2365:Tirailleurs-Grenadiers
1910:de Saint-Hilaire (1847
1484:Sokolov, Oleg (2006).
1380:Juhel, Pierre (2009).
1356:. Paris: Plon-Nourrit.
1135:
1016:Armament and equipment
892:
774:
755:Uniforms and equipment
751:
741:return of the Bourbons
667:
604:
546:
499:
464:
382:When they crossed the
379:
324:
285:
251:return of the Bourbons
2380:Flanquerers-Chasseurs
2375:Flanqueurs-Grenadiers
2370:Tirailleurs-Chasseurs
2355:Conscripts-Grenadiers
2063:Light Cavalry Lancers
1851:de Pontécoulant (1866
1839:de Pontécoulant (1866
1827:de Pontécoulant (1866
1815:de Pontécoulant (1866
1337:. Paris: Tallandier.
1333:Cate, Curtis (2012).
1315:Bosc, Julien (2011).
1296:Blin, Arnaud (2003).
1133:
890:
772:
765:Full dress (Figure 1)
749:
705:was now held only by
664:
633:with the rest of the
631:Villeneuve-les-Bordes
602:
589:Eugène de Beauharnais
544:
497:
462:
377:
353:The unit had its own
322:
303:On 29 July 1804, the
283:
245:and took part in the
176:unit integrated into
138:Doguereau (1806–1808)
2300:Fusiliers-Grenadiers
1932:See illustration by
1461:. Paris: J. Dumaine.
1435:. Paris: E. Penaud.
1408:Mané, Diégo (2014).
1268:Notes and references
944:Figure 1: Gunner by
670:Disbanded under the
620:Battle of Montmirail
570:attack on Chevardino
506:to take part in the
396:Battle of Austerlitz
309:Battle of Austerlitz
96:Battle of Austerlitz
2305:Fusiliers-Chasseurs
1958:Lubin Griois (1909)
1853:, pp. 315–316)
1841:, pp. 185–186)
1770:, pp. 385–386)
1744:Petit Journal (2009
1732:Petit Journal (2009
1155:baron of the Empire
914:Trumpets (Figure 4)
627:battle of Montereau
471:at the head of the
441:Battle of Friedland
101:Battle of Friedland
63:First French Empire
2039:Mounted Grenadiers
1582:La Garde impériale
1182:Battle of Waterloo
1136:
1108:Hippolyte Bellangé
946:Hippolyte Bellangé
893:
775:
752:
726:Battle of Waterloo
711:Duke of Wellington
668:
605:
547:
500:
465:
380:
365:Military campaigns
325:
286:
263:Napoleon Bonaparte
153:Griois (1813–1814)
116:Battle of Waterloo
111:Battle of Borodino
2663:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2172:
2171:
2090:Mounted Chasseurs
2049:Lithuanian Tatars
2019:(1798–1814; 1815)
1936:in external link.
1391:978-2-9524583-3-7
1372:978-2-35250-002-5
1344:978-2-84734-928-3
1307:978-2-262-01751-4
1151:brigadier general
859:is worn with the
692:Duchand de Sancey
508:Austrian campaign
490:Austrian Campaign
455:Spanish Civil War
338:battle of Vitoria
217:Austrian Campaign
174:mounted artillery
163:
162:
2698:
2605:
2386:
2340:
2311:
2290:
2220:
2202:
2113:Guards of Honour
2080:3rd (Lithuanian)
2060:
2024:
2014:
2013:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1979:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1930:
1924:
1922:Rousselot (1980)
1919:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1887:Rousselot (1958)
1884:
1871:
1865:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1777:
1771:
1765:
1759:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1613:
1607:
1596:
1595:
1577:
1568:
1562:
1553:
1547:
1508:
1499:
1480:
1471:
1462:
1453:
1444:
1427:
1421:
1413:
1404:
1395:
1376:
1357:
1348:
1329:
1320:
1311:
1292:
1283:
1234:
1215:
1200:
1147:Battle of Wagram
1116:stirrup leathers
1104:Édouard Detaille
1082:
1063:
1051:
1034:saber under the
1025:
999:
976:
957:
941:
730:Haye Sainte farm
680:Belgian campaign
657:Belgium Campaign
611:of 1813 and the
551:Russian campaign
537:Russian campaign
527:Archduke Charles
512:Battle of Wagram
447:. While General
361:on 9 July 1809.
334:Joseph Bonaparte
275:Army of the East
247:Belgian campaign
230:of 1813 and the
221:Russian Campaign
219:in 1809 and the
106:Battle of Wagram
33:
21:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2655:
2634:
2603:
2599:Horse Artillery
2594:Equipment Train
2566:
2475:
2384:
2360:Pupils Regiment
2330:
2309:
2280:
2249:
2218:
2193:
2168:
2140:
2107:
2084:
2058:
2025:
2008:
2006:
1976:
1975:
1967:
1963:
1956:
1952:
1944:
1940:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1916:
1908:
1904:
1896:
1892:
1885:
1874:
1866:
1857:
1849:
1845:
1837:
1833:
1825:
1821:
1813:
1809:
1804:Bienvenu (1964)
1802:
1798:
1790:
1786:
1778:
1774:
1766:
1762:
1754:
1750:
1742:
1738:
1730:
1726:
1718:
1714:
1706:
1702:
1694:
1690:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1667:
1659:
1655:
1647:
1643:
1635:
1631:
1623:
1616:
1608:
1599:
1592:
1579:
1578:
1571:
1563:
1556:
1548:
1541:
1536:
1515:
1502:
1496:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1430:
1414:
1407:
1398:
1392:
1379:
1373:
1360:
1351:
1345:
1332:
1323:
1314:
1308:
1295:
1286:
1278:
1275:
1270:
1257:Horse artillery
1248:
1241:
1235:
1226:
1216:
1207:
1204:Louis Doguereau
1201:
1139:Louis Doguereau
1128:
1100:
1098:Horses and tack
1093:
1083:
1074:
1064:
1055:
1052:
1043:
1026:
1010:
1000:
991:
990:of the cavalry.
977:
968:
958:
949:
942:
916:
885:
869:
825:
767:
762:
757:
659:
613:French campaign
609:German campaign
597:
539:
492:
457:
449:Latour-Maubourg
426:Battle of Eylau
388:German campaign
372:
367:
359:Legion of Honor
317:
259:
232:French campaign
228:German campaign
166:
159:
131:
120:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2704:
2702:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2668:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2646:Foot Artillery
2642:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2620:Foot Artillery
2617:
2611:
2609:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2585:
2583:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2392:
2390:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2350:National Guard
2346:
2344:
2336:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2317:
2315:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2296:
2294:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2226:
2224:
2217:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2150:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2094:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2064:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2035:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1982:
1974:
1973:
1971:, p. 455)
1961:
1950:
1938:
1934:Maurice Orange
1925:
1914:
1912:, p. 120)
1902:
1900:, p. 155)
1890:
1872:
1870:, p. 177)
1855:
1843:
1831:
1829:, p. 185)
1819:
1817:, p. 180)
1807:
1796:
1784:
1782:, p. 390)
1772:
1760:
1758:, p. 377)
1748:
1736:
1724:
1712:
1700:
1698:, p. 552)
1688:
1686:, p. 173)
1676:
1665:
1663:, p. 510)
1653:
1651:, p. 466)
1641:
1629:
1614:
1597:
1590:
1569:
1554:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1507:. p. 135.
1500:
1494:
1481:
1472:
1463:
1454:
1445:
1428:
1405:
1396:
1390:
1377:
1371:
1358:
1349:
1343:
1330:
1328:. p. 368.
1321:
1312:
1306:
1293:
1284:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1236:
1229:
1227:
1217:
1210:
1208:
1202:
1195:
1127:
1126:Heads of corps
1124:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1092:'s sabretache.
1084:
1077:
1075:
1065:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1046:
1044:
1027:
1020:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1001:
994:
992:
978:
971:
969:
959:
952:
950:
943:
936:
934:
915:
912:
884:
881:
877:cavalry pistol
868:
865:
824:
821:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
658:
655:
635:Imperial Guard
596:
593:
538:
535:
529:to retreat to
517:After Marshal
491:
488:
456:
453:
432:, head of the
407:Battle of Jena
371:
368:
366:
363:
316:
313:
305:Imperial Guard
258:
255:
182:Imperial Guard
164:
161:
160:
158:
157:
154:
151:
145:
139:
135:
133:
127:
126:
122:
121:
119:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
92:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
50:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2703:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2582:& Support
2581:
2577:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2015:Regiments of
2012:
2003:
1998:
1996:
1991:
1989:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1970:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1948:, p. 13)
1947:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1800:
1797:
1793:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1713:
1709:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1669:
1666:
1662:
1661:Sokolov (2006
1657:
1654:
1650:
1649:Sokolov (2006
1645:
1642:
1639:, p. 69)
1638:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1591:2-84349-178-9
1587:
1583:
1576:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1495:2-9518364-3-0
1491:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1319:. p. 13.
1318:
1313:
1309:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1221:(1776–1843),
1220:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1132:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1097:
1091:
1087:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1062:
1057:
1050:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1032:light cavalry
1030:
1024:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1004:
998:
993:
989:
987:
982:
975:
970:
966:
962:
956:
951:
947:
940:
935:
933:
930:
928:
926:
922:
913:
911:
908:
906:
902:
898:
889:
882:
880:
878:
874:
866:
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
844:
840:
836:
835:
830:
822:
820:
816:
814:
810:
805:
802:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
771:
764:
759:
754:
748:
744:
742:
737:
735:
731:
727:
722:
720:
719:Arabian horse
716:
712:
708:
707:Lord Uxbridge
704:
699:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
663:
656:
654:
652:
648:
647:Saint-Maurice
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
623:
621:
616:
614:
610:
601:
594:
592:
590:
585:
583:
579:
575:
571:
566:
564:
560:
556:
553:with General
552:
543:
536:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
515:
513:
509:
505:
496:
489:
487:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
461:
454:
452:
450:
446:
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
422:
420:
416:
413:'s attack on
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
376:
369:
364:
362:
360:
356:
351:
349:
344:
341:
339:
335:
329:
321:
314:
312:
310:
306:
301:
299:
295:
291:
282:
278:
276:
272:
268:
267:Army of Italy
264:
256:
254:
252:
248:
244:
239:
237:
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315:Organization
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73:Grande Armée
18:
2639:Young Guard
2389:Tirailleurs
2343:Young Guard
2075:2nd (Dutch)
1898:Juhel (2009
1673:Blin (2003)
1240:(1772–1839)
1206:(1777–1856)
1172:During the
1007:Victor Huen
672:Restoration
572:by General
213:Spanish War
150:(1809–1813)
144:(1808–1809)
89:Engagements
2670:Categories
2630:Pontoniers
2480:Voltigeurs
2223:Grenadiers
1780:Cate (2012
1768:Cate (2012
1756:Cate (2012
1720:Bosc (2011
1708:Bosc (2011
1625:Mané (2014
1610:Mané (2014
1565:Mané (2014
1550:Mané (2014
1534:References
925:sabretache
857:fourragère
834:fourragère
813:sabretache
703:day before
294:Montebello
288:After the
178:Napoleon I
125:Commanders
59:Allegiance
2608:Old Guard
2580:Artillery
2254:Chasseurs
2206:Old Guard
2177:Gendarmes
2054:Mamelukes
1418:cite book
1086:Figure 8:
1067:Figure 7:
1036:Consulate
1029:Figure 5:
1003:Figure 4:
986:charivari
965:postilion
961:Figure 2:
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615:of 1814.
523:Macdonald
504:Lauriston
481:Chamartin
445:SĂ©narmont
419:Hohenlohe
405:. At the
271:companies
223:in 1812.
209:Friedland
132:commander
83:Artillery
44:1806–1815
2321:Florence
2214:Veterans
2198:Infantry
2189:Ordnance
2044:Dragoons
1246:See also
1186:Scottish
1088:General
988:trousers
932:Uniforms
795:breeches
715:Brussels
709:and the
688:Waterloo
666:collars.
563:Berezina
415:Prussian
386:for the
186:regiment
2625:Sailors
2314:VĂ©lites
2031:Cavalry
1441:7044648
1412:. Lyon.
1159:La Fère
1112:panther
921:colback
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897:tailors
843:bicorne
809:giberne
783:pelisse
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574:Compans
559:Moskova
555:Grouchy
531:Moravia
519:Masséna
355:surgeon
298:Marengo
130:Current
49:Country
2146:Scouts
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1189:square
1040:Empire
867:Arming
791:collar
789:. The
779:dolman
653:road.
639:Delort
582:Griois
578:Davout
477:Madrid
69:Branch
53:France
41:Active
2326:Turin
2184:Elite
1513:Notes
1120:reins
873:saber
799:boots
684:Ligny
643:Pajol
469:Spain
384:Rhine
205:Eylau
172:is a
2562:16th
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1586:ISBN
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1437:OCLC
1424:link
1386:ISBN
1367:ISBN
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1302:ISBN
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1106:and
1038:and
781:and
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641:and
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1223:oil
981:Job
682:at
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