330:: Gowans came to Oxford in 1948 and after getting a 1st in the Physiological Sciences Honours School he researched for a DPhil on new antibiotics under Florey. But after a period working in the Pasteur Institute in Paris he decided to pursue immunological research. Florey suggested he should investigate the lymphocyte, a cell whose life history was at that time completely obscure. During the 1950s Gowans pioneering work sorted out the life cycle of that cell, He showed that the small lymphocyte continuously recirculated from the blood to the lymph and back again to the blood. He also demonstrated that this cell was at the centre of immunological responses. Shortly after he had been elected to the Henry Dale Professorship of the Royal Society (1962) the Medical Research Council established, in the Dunn School, A Cellular Immunology Research Unit, under the honorary direction of Gowans, and this led to the construction of an additional building, (the Leslie Martin building). Gowans remained the Honorary Director of the Unit until he moved, in 1977, to become the Secretary of the
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249:, another expatriate Australian, who had arrived in Oxford in 1952 to do a DPhil under Florey's supervision. Harris's main interest was in cell biology and especially what was later to become the science of somatic cell genetics. With John Watkins he developed the technique of cell fusion for the study of the physiology and genetics of higher cells. They demonstrated that cell fusion provided a general method for the amalgamation of different cell types across the barriers imposed by species differences and by the process of differentiation. This technique was one of the main roots of somatic cell genetics and, in due course, resulted in the production of monoclonal antibodies.
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cells were fused with normal fibroblasts, the resulting hybrids were not malignant and had the morphological character of fibroblasts. This meant that there were normal genes that had the ability to suppress malignancy. These genes are now known as tumour suppressor genes and work on them has become a world-wide industry. Harris's research was supported mainly by what is now Cancer
Research UK, (originally The British Empire Cancer Campaign, BECC, and then The Cancer Research Campaign, CRC.)
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242:, the first of the cephalosporin family of antibiotics. This compound and the ring structure on which it was based were patented, and both Newton and Abraham set up trusts out of the royalties that they received. The Edward Penley Abraham Research Fund, the EPA Cephalosporin Fund and the Guy Newton Research Fund are dedicated to the support of medical, biological and chemical research in the Dunn School, Lincoln College and the University of Oxford.
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264:, yet another Australian. Williams was mainly concerned with the structural and biochemical aspects of immunological reactions and developed the concept of the immunoglobulin superfamily. In 1992 Williams was elected to succeed Harris as Professor of Pathology but died before he was able to take up the chair.
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Ernest Ainley-Walker (1871-1955): elected to a fellowship in
University College in 1903, the first ‘medical tutor’ in any Oxford College. Published a textbook of Pathology in 1904. Acting Head of Pathology Department when Ritchie left and on several occasions when Dreyer was absent. Also appointed as
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James
Ritchie (1864-1923): first University lecturer in Pathology in Oxford, 1897. Organised the first undergraduate courses in Pathology and Bacteriology. Helped to fund and build first University department of Pathology in Oxford (1901). Edited standard texts in both Bacteriology (with Muir) and
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It was also by means of cell fusion that Harris and Goss devised the first systematic method for determining the order of genes along the human chromosome and the distances between them. In 1969 Harris, collaborating with George Klein in
Stockholm, showed that when a wide range of malignant tumour
353:. She is Professor of Developmental Biology and a Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow. She is best known for her pioneering work in developmental genetics, having demonstrated how genetic mutations could be introduced into the mouse germ line through genetically altered embryonic stem cells.
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an
Australian. Florey was a physiologist by training and was dedicated to the application of physiological and chemical methods to pathology. His main interests were in the physiology of the cells in the gut, inflammatory reactions and atherosclerosis. He is, however, best known for the work done
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is currently the head of the
Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology at the University of Oxford. Formerly she was the inaugural Sidney Truelove Professor of Gastroenterology at the University of Oxford and the head of the Experimental Medicine Division of the Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine.
340:: Succeeded Gowans as Director of the MRC Cellular Immunology Unit in 1977. With Cesar Milstein in Cambridge, he was the first to use monoclonal antibody technology to analyse molecular composition of the cell surface, and in doing so identified CD4 for the first time.
314:(1941-): graduate student with Edward Abraham 1965–9; the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 "for the elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)". Now Director of the MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit in Cambridge.
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The first
Department of Pathology was opened in 1901 and functioned until 1927 when it was handed over to Pharmacology on completion of the new purpose-built Sir William Dunn School of Pathology. This had been made possible by a munificent
320:: Professor of Chemical Pathology (1978-2008). Cloned and expressed human clotting factor IX, providing a recombinant source of this protein for Haemophilia B patients who had previously relied on the hazardous blood-derived product. With
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The textbook, General
Pathology, based on the preclinical course at the Dunn School, was first published in 1954, and went through four editions. For many years it was the international standard text on the subject.
75:. Its research programme includes the cellular and molecular biology of pathogens, the immune response, cancer and cardiovascular disease. It teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in the medical sciences.
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Gardner (1884-1978): invited to Oxford in 1915 to set up MRC Bacteriological Standards laboratory with Dreyer. Remained in Pathology until his retirement in 1958. Regius Professor of Medicine
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Cell, Vol 12, 663-673, (1977)Analysis of cell surfaces by xenogeneic myeloma-hybrid antibodies: Differentiation antigens of rat lymphocytes. Alan F. Williams, Giovanni Galfrè and Cesar
Milstein
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and he was deeply involved in efforts to produce vaccines for these diseases. He was responsible for the design and manufacture of the earliest oxygen masks worn by pilots in WWI.
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Hybrid Cells Derived from Mouse and Man : Artificial Heterokaryons of Mammalian Cells from Different Species HENRY HARRIS & J. F. WATKINS Nature 205, 640 - 646 (1965).
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under his direction that demonstrated the therapeutic value of penicillin and thus ushered in the age of antibiotics. The purification of penicillin was achieved by
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Expression of active human clotting factor IX from recombinant DNA clones in mammalian cells.D. S. Anson*, D. E. G. Austen† & G. G. Brownlee*
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Pathology (with Pembrey). Founder member and first Secretary of the Pathological Society of GB and I. Left Oxford to return to Edinburgh in 1906.
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see biography "Howard Florey : the making of a great scientist" by Gwyn Macfarlane. Publisher Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1979.
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J Virol. 1999 Nov;73(11):9679-82. Rescue of influenza A virus from recombinant DNA. Fodor E, Devenish L, Engelhardt OG, Palese P, Brownlee GG,
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and co-workers, developed the first "reverse genetics" system for influenza virus, markedly speeding up the process of developing flu vaccines
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J. Physiol. 1959 Apr 23;146(1):54-69. The recirculation of lymphocytes from blood to lymph in the rat. GOWANS JL.
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Lectures on general pathology. Florey, H (Ed.) 1954. Loyd-Luke, London (pub).
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is a British scientist based at the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology,
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634:"Elizabeth Robertson group | Sir William Dunn School of Pathology"
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reactions to infection. His special interest was in the immunology of
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Location of Sir William Dunn School of Pathology within central Oxford
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provided the initial funding. It is located towards the east end of
359:(died 2022) was an American physician who was a professor at the
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of £100,000, made in 1922 by the Trustees set up in the will of
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List of Overseas Places of Historic Significance to Australia
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List of Overseas Places of Historic Significance to Australia
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known for his work on eliminating the need for life long
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32:Sir William Dunn Institute of Biochemistry
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183:The first full Professor of Pathology,
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550:Nature 223, 363 - 368 (26 July 1969);
473:. Sir William Dunn School of Pathology
361:Stanford University School of Medicine
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714:. The Royal Society. 2003
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666:on 6 November 2013
640:on 20 October 2013
400:Emeritus Professor
387:regulatory T cells
369:immune suppressive
180:who died in 1912.
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111:This section
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1708:Oxford Union
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1694:
1687:Student life
1442:Smith School
1202:
1188:Biochemistry
1082:Campion Hall
826:Irene Tracey
729:
716:. Retrieved
711:
702:
690:. Retrieved
680:
668:. Retrieved
664:the original
654:
642:. Retrieved
638:the original
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513:the original
503:
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379:Fiona Powrie
322:Peter Palese
273:
266:
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247:Henry Harris
244:
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201:
197:tuberculosis
182:
170:
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140:
131:
120:Please help
115:verification
112:
77:
68:
66:
36:
1372:Pitt Rivers
1285:Archaeology
992:St Antony's
957:New College
751: /
209:Ernst Chain
174:benefaction
1819:Categories
1542:Ice hockey
1520:Dancesport
1305:Government
1163:Philosophy
1114:Humanities
1032:Somerville
1027:St Peter's
1012:St Hilda's
809:Chancellor
802:Leadership
736:51°45′34″N
718:21 October
692:29 January
688:. Wellcome
670:11 October
644:11 October
439:References
286:Scientists
236:Guy Newton
1552:Quidditch
1300:Economics
1255:Materials
1235:Chemistry
1203:Pathology
1057:Worcester
1022:St John's
1017:St Hugh's
987:St Anne's
947:Mansfield
877:Brasenose
867:All Souls
833:Registrar
739:1°15′05″W
404:Pathology
375:patients.
371:drugs in
1791:Category
1702:The Mays
1695:Cherwell
1537:Handball
1525:Football
1290:Business
1138:Classics
1002:St Cross
972:Pembroke
962:Nuffield
942:Magdalen
907:Hertford
858:Colleges
712:Citation
411:See also
365:Dendreon
300:1948–56.
274:In 2007
256:In 1977
134:May 2021
82:, whose
1722:Related
1647:Venues
1599:Cuppers
1572:Women's
1530:Women's
1515:Cycling
1510:Cricket
1455:centres
1265:Physics
1230:Biology
1143:History
1052:Wolfson
1037:Trinity
977:Queen's
937:Lincoln
932:Linacre
922:Kellogg
872:Balliol
477:26 July
193:enteric
94:History
1803:Portal
1729:People
1562:Rowing
1505:Boxing
1493:Sports
1047:Wadham
982:Reuben
952:Merton
892:Exeter
529:
495:
258:Gowans
223:using
1589:Rugby
1567:Men's
1158:Music
967:Oriel
917:Keble
912:Jesus
1557:Polo
720:2012
694:2018
672:2013
646:2013
527:ISBN
493:ISBN
479:2015
310:Sir
303:Sir
215:and
84:will
67:The
1315:Law
1133:Art
586:doi
569:doi
552:doi
402:of
396:FRS
382:FRS
347:FRS
124:by
1821::
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34:.
20:)
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