440:
531:
110:
431:'s decision to accept this split has been questioned on the grounds that the differences in the male courtship displays may be functionally trivial, and would not prevent interbreeding, whereas a difference in a pre-copulation display would indicate that the two are separate species. The committee responded to this scepticism, by explaining that there are differences in both courtship and pre-copulation displays.
68:
232:
49:
340:
and brown on the flight feathers. The sexes are similar, but the female, between 55–65 cm (22–26 in) tall, is rather smaller and greyer above than the male, at 65–75 cm (26–30 in) tall. The body mass is 1.8–3.2 kg (4.0–7.1 lb) in males and 1.2–1.7 kg (2.6–3.7 lb) in females.
577:
developed and implemented a global conservation strategy over the past forty years with the objective of ensuring a sustainable future in the wild through conservation programmes and management plans. This strategy consists of an integrated approach combining ecology, protection measures in the wild,
339:
The houbara bustard is a small to mid-sized bustard. It measures 55–75 cm (22–30 in) in length and spans 135–170 cm (53–67 in) across the wings. It is brown above and white below, with a black stripe down the sides of its neck. In flight, the long wings show large areas of black
541:
The
Houbara bustard has a flamboyant display raising the white feathers of the head and neck and withdrawing the head. Females lay two to four eggs on the ground. It rarely vocalizes, but males make 3-5 low booming notes during breeding displays.
511:. The Asian houbara or MacQueen's bustard which was earlier included in this species occurs east of the Sinai Peninsula. The North African species is sedentary unlike the migratory northern populations of MacQueen's bustards.
1802:
1048:
Bourass, K.; Leger, J.-F.; Zaime, A.; Qninba, A.; Rguibi, H.; El Agbani, M. A.; Benhoussa, A.; Hingrat, Y. (2012). "Observations on the diet of the North
African houbara bustard during the non-breeding season".
428:
995:
Aurelio Martin; Juan
Antonio Lorenzo; Miguel Angel Hernandez; Manuel Nogales; Félix Manuel Medina; Juan Domingo Delgado; José Julián Naranjo; Vicente Quilis; Guillermo Delgado (1997).
1180:
853:
1906:
1187:
1958:
331:
It is dull brown with black markings on the wings, a greyish neck and a black ruff along the side of the neck. Males are larger and heavier than females.
2051:
1880:
1068:
1919:
402:
729:
686:
1204:
1828:
1236:
1199:
1141:
Hingrat, Y., Saint Jalme, M., Ysnel, F., Le Nuz, E. and
Lacroix, F. (2007). "Habitat use and mating system of the houbara bustard (
2066:
1841:
2061:
1924:
948:
Idaghdour, Y.; Broderick, D.; Korrida, A.; Chbel, F. (2004). "Mitochondrial control region diversity of the houbara bustard
1945:
439:
109:
1963:
1859:
565:
and by hunters with guns. The populations declined in the two decades before 2004, but have been increasing since.
1872:
775:
Illustrations of Indian
Zoology; Chiefly Selected from the Collection of Major-General Hardwicke, F.R.S. Volume 2
1721:
1072:
910:
356:
221:
368:
30:
This article is about the North
African species. For the Asian houbara that was considered a subspecies, see
1432:
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1683:
1297:
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1229:
294:
1997:
1487:
1405:
1174:
204:
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1381:
812:
416:
31:
766:
626:
2056:
1748:
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1339:
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1214:
57:
530:
1348:
1162:
1129:
977:
890:
847:
456:
313:
104:
72:
2002:
522:
is highly restricted and endangered. A 1997 survey found a total population of about 500 birds.
1911:
1984:
1937:
1789:
1222:
1121:
1098:
969:
725:
682:
448:
1735:
789:
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621:
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464:
384:
376:
1771:
743:
1989:
1971:
1633:
1463:
1321:
1249:
929:
Collinson, M. (2004). "Are there really two species of houbara? A response from the TSC".
460:
352:
325:
285:
1807:
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1854:
1655:
1589:
519:
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in 2003 because of differences in plumage, vocalizations and courtship behaviour. The
2045:
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406:
317:
77:
1133:
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Knox, A. G.; Collinson, M.; Helbig, A. J.; Parkin, D. T. & Sangster, G. (2002).
1794:
1414:
1330:
1166:
309:
1781:
1117:
1846:
2015:
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1715:
1363:
507:. Some old records exist from Sudan as well. A small population is found in the
389:
181:
2023:
1158:
1001:
Rothschild & Hartert, 1894, in the Canary
Islands, November–December 1994"
492:
420:
231:
1706:
1396:
952:
complex and genetic structure along the
Atlantic seaboard of North Africa".
121:
1145:) in a semi-desertic area of North Africa: implications for conservation".
1125:
973:
1833:
1700:
1511:
1478:
1312:
562:
141:
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777:. London: Treuttel, Würtz, Treuttel, Jun. and Richter. p. Plate 47.
1976:
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1269:
1245:
996:
550:
500:
496:
480:
424:
305:
171:
161:
48:
17:
1898:
312:, where it lives in arid habitats. The global population is listed as
1553:
364:
131:
1820:
1677:
2010:
1815:
1262:
1209:
546:
529:
488:
484:
455:
samples indicates that the houbara bustard and MacQueen's bustard
438:
380:
94:
88:
908:
Cowan, P. J. (2004). "Are there really two species of houbara?".
1069:"Fifty Houbara birds released into the UAE desert - in pictures"
842:. Bombay: Bombay Natural History Society. p. 106, Plate 37.
476:
151:
1681:
1218:
997:"Distribution, status and conservation of the houbara bustard
1025:
Gaucher, P. (1995). "Breeding biology of the
Houbara Bustard
479:, mainly in the western part of the Sahara desert region in
429:
840:
A Pictorial Guide to the Birds of the Indian Subcontinent
475:
The houbara bustard is found in North Africa west of the
423:
of the African houbara. It was proposed as a distinct
707:
Svensson, L.; Mullarney, K.; Zetterstrom, D. (2009).
578:
conservation breeding, and reinforcement programmes.
387:. The African houbara was subordinated to the genus
299:
1690:
1646:
1624:
1602:
1551:
1509:
1476:
1454:
1394:
1361:
1310:
1277:
1261:
724:by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (1992),
1210:International Fund for Houbara Conservation (IFHC)
561:In North Africa, the houbara bustard is hunted by
627:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22728245A90341807.en
304:for bustards in general), is a relatively small
1230:
869:"Taxonomic recommendations for British birds"
813:"On a new Bustard from the Palearctic Region"
711:(Second ed.). London, UK: HarperCollins.
534:Houbara bustard egg in the collection of the
467:was estimated at 20,000 to 25,000 years ago.
443:Canarian houbara in Lanzarote, Canary Islands
359:in 1784 who described a houbara brought from
8:
1179:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
852:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
794:Revue Zoologique par la Société Cuvierienne
575:International Fund for Houbara Conservation
1678:
1237:
1223:
1215:
681:. Bombay: Bombay Natural History Society.
230:
66:
47:
38:
884:
811:Rothschild, W. & Hartert, E. (1894).
702:
700:
698:
625:
463:. The divergence between the African and
320:since 2014. There is a population in the
587:
1172:
845:
597:
595:
593:
591:
834:Ali, S. & Ripley, S. D. (1983). "
7:
1873:d85ed2eb-4268-4768-b907-3a33a014f331
1099:"The Houbara: Headed for Oblivion?"
999:Chlamydotis undulata fuertaventurae
659:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
613:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
289:
1670:26 living species in eleven genera
754:. Wien: C. F. Wappler. p. 24.
25:
1188:Release of Houbara back to nature
752:Beyträge zur Geschichte der Vögel
722:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
2052:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
966:10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.02039.x
886:10.1046/j.1474-919X.2002.00110.x
459:around 430,000 years ago from a
253: Possibly extant (resident)
108:
648:BirdLife International (2015).
602:BirdLife International (2016).
1205:National Avian Research Centre
1:
1143:Chlamydotis undulata undulata
1118:10.1126/science.321.5895.1441
1027:Chlamydotis undulate undulata
1051:Journal of Arid Environments
1200:BirdLife Species Factsheet.
553:and other small creatures.
409:in 1894 for a houbara from
379:in 1832 for a bustard from
324:which has been assessed as
300:
2083:
29:
1668:
1159:10.1007/s10336-006-0098-9
765:Gray, J. E. (1830–1832).
545:It is omnivorous, eating
238:
229:
210:
203:
105:Scientific classification
103:
86:
64:
55:
46:
41:
1298:Southern black korhaan (
1289:Northern black korhaan (
679:The Book of Indian Birds
620:: e.T22728245A90341807.
471:Distribution and habitat
357:Joseph Franz von Jacquin
2067:Birds described in 1784
1488:Black-bellied bustard (
1406:White-bellied bustard (
742:Jacquin, J. F. (1784).
666:: e.T22728245A90341807.
447:Results of analysis of
247: Extant (resident)
1808:chlamydotis-undulata-0
1530:Buff-crested bustard (
1442:Little brown bustard (
1340:Great Indian bustard (
1147:Journal of Ornithology
538:
444:
399:Houbara fuertaventurae
259: Possibly extinct
2062:Birds of North Africa
1998:Paleobiology Database
1539:Red-crested korhaan (
1252:: Otidiformes ·
533:
526:Behaviour and ecology
442:
369:Tiergarten Schönbrunn
2029:Chlamydotis-undulata
1868:Fauna Europaea (new)
1736:Chlamydotis_undulata
1722:Chlamydotis undulata
1692:Chlamydotis undulata
1497:Hartlaub's bustard (
1382:MacQueen's bustard (
1349:Australian bustard (
950:Chlamydotis undulata
836:Chlamydotis undulata
817:Novitates Zoologicae
767:"MacQueen's bustard
652:Chlamydotis undulata
606:Chlamydotis undulata
457:genetically diverged
419:was long regarded a
273:Chlamydotis undulata
214:Chlamydotis undulata
1581:Heuglin's bustard (
1433:Rüppell's korhaan (
788:Lesson, R. (1839).
58:Conservation status
1572:Denham's bustard (
1563:Ludwig's bustard (
1521:Savile's bustard (
1097:Stone, R. (2008).
790:"Oisseaux inédits"
709:Collins Bird Guide
539:
445:
417:MacQueen's bustard
32:MacQueen's bustard
2039:
2038:
1985:Open Tree of Life
1684:Taxon identifiers
1675:
1674:
1634:Lesser florican (
1464:Bengal florican (
1373:Houbara bustard (
1322:Arabian bustard (
954:Molecular Ecology
730:978-0-8493-4258-5
688:978-0-19-563731-1
449:mitochondrial DNA
403:Walter Rothschild
298:
276:), also known as
264:
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98:
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16:(Redirected from
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1656:Little bustard (
1590:Nubian bustard (
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746:Psophia undulata
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733:
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677:Ali, S. (1993).
674:
668:
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645:
639:
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629:
599:
536:Museum Wiesbaden
465:Canarian houbara
451:sequences of 73
401:was proposed by
385:Thomas Hardwicke
377:John Edward Gray
375:was proposed by
349:Psophia undulata
303:
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258:
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246:
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216:
196:C. undulata
113:
112:
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75:
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42:Houbara bustard
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1612:Great bustard (
1598:
1547:
1505:
1490:L. melanogaster
1472:
1450:
1424:Karoo korhaan (
1417:E. caerulescens
1408:E. senegalensis
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1091:Further reading
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769:Otis macqueenii
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514:The subspecies
473:
461:common ancestor
437:
373:Otis macqueenii
353:scientific name
346:
337:
326:Near Threatened
278:African houbara
268:houbara bustard
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1415:Blue korhaan (
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516:fuertaventurae
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505:Western Sahara
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1037:(4): 291–298.
1036:
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1029:in Algeria".
1028:
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931:British Birds
925:
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918:(7): 346–347.
917:
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911:British Birds
904:
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318:IUCN Red List
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296:
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205:Binomial name
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1582:
1573:
1564:
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1540:
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1510:
1498:
1489:
1477:
1465:
1455:
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1434:
1425:
1416:
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1384:C. macqueeni
1383:
1374:
1372:
1362:
1351:A. australis
1350:
1342:A. nigriceps
1341:
1332:
1323:
1311:
1300:E. afraoides
1299:
1290:
1278:
1268:
1175:cite journal
1153:(1): 39−52.
1150:
1146:
1142:
1109:
1105:
1077:. Retrieved
1073:The National
1063:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1011:
1007:
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990:
960:(1): 43–54.
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717:
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678:
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663:
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631:. Retrieved
617:
611:
605:
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572:
569:Conservation
560:
544:
540:
515:
513:
474:
452:
446:
415:
398:
388:
372:
355:proposed by
348:
347:
338:
330:
310:North Africa
281:
277:
272:
271:
267:
265:
241:Ch. undulata
240:
213:
211:
195:
194:
182:
36:
2057:Chlamydotis
1894:iNaturalist
1716:Wikispecies
1626:Sypheotides
1565:N. ludwigii
1532:L. gindiana
1456:Houbaropsis
1426:E. vigorsii
1375:C. undulata
1364:Chlamydotis
1256:: Otididae)
1014:(1): 61–69.
800:(2): 43−47.
633:19 November
453:Chlamydotis
395:René Lesson
390:Chlamydotis
335:Description
183:Chlamydotis
162:Otidiformes
2046:Categories
2024:Xeno-canto
1636:S. indicus
1574:N. denhami
1523:L. savilei
1444:E. humilis
1079:2019-02-28
582:References
493:Mauritania
421:subspecies
314:Vulnerable
308:native to
91:Appendix I
73:Vulnerable
1658:T. tetrax
1397:Eupodotis
937:(7): 348.
848:cite book
823:(5): 689.
563:falconers
435:Phylogeny
397:in 1839.
383:drawn by
328:in 2015.
295:romanized
239:Range of
190:Species:
128:Kingdom:
122:Eukaryota
2011:Species+
1938:22728245
1912:11250765
1772:22728245
1767:BirdLife
1756:BioLib:
1701:Wikidata
1614:O. tarda
1512:Lophotis
1479:Lissotis
1324:A. arabs
1313:Ardeotis
1246:Bustards
1134:26931495
1126:18787147
1057:: 53–59.
982:25591653
974:14653787
895:82531549
413:island.
351:was the
344:Taxonomy
290:حُبَارَى
172:Otididae
168:Family:
142:Chordata
138:Phylum:
132:Animalia
118:Domain:
78:IUCN 3.1
1886:2474864
1821:houbus1
1782:houbus1
1744:Avibase
1707:Q290871
1592:N. nuba
1333:A. kori
1291:E. afra
1280:Afrotis
1270:Species
1167:9173206
1106:Science
1008:Ardeola
771:. Gray"
654:Europe"
557:Threats
551:insects
518:of the
501:Tunisia
497:Morocco
481:Algeria
425:species
361:Tripoli
316:on the
306:bustard
297::
282:houbara
224:, 1784)
222:Jacquin
178:Genus:
158:Order:
148:Class:
93: (
76: (
18:Houbara
2003:371834
1964:172680
1925:176432
1899:204484
1842:EURING
1648:Tetrax
1554:Neotis
1254:family
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1031:Alauda
980:
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365:Vienna
301:ḥubārā
286:Arabic
257:
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1907:IRMNG
1860:96763
1829:EUNIS
1816:eBird
1795:69X4V
1779:BOW:
1263:Genus
1250:order
1163:S2CID
1130:S2CID
1102:(PDF)
1004:(PDF)
978:S2CID
891:S2CID
547:seeds
489:Libya
485:Egypt
381:India
284:from
95:CITES
89:CITES
2016:6280
1990:5023
1959:NCBI
1933:IUCN
1920:ITIS
1881:GBIF
1847:4440
1759:8594
1604:Otis
1181:link
1122:PMID
970:PMID
873:Ibis
854:link
726:ISBN
683:ISBN
664:2015
635:2021
618:2016
573:The
503:and
477:Nile
405:and
266:The
152:Aves
1977:282
1946:NBN
1834:964
1803:CMS
1790:CoL
1731:ADW
1155:doi
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