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542:. Their daughter Claude married the next French king preserving the union of the Duchy in the crown. Their son was the first to unite the Kingdom of France and the Duchy of Brittany into a single person; he attempted to preserve Brittany as a separately ruled sovereignty in a manner similar to the relationship between the crown of England and the Duchy of Cornwall, but his plans did not achieve fruition. This marked the complete union of Brittany to France.
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553:(died 1502), grandson of Nicole de Blois the aforementioned, asserted their claim to the duchy when the last male duke Francis II died. Previous Montfortine rulers of Brittany had however by confiscations and exilings much weakened the Penthièvre family's resources in the duchy and Anne succeeded her father in the administration which wanted to protect Brittany's position to external predators.
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512:– thus, the first female Montfort rulership abrogated the rights of genealogically more senior Penthièvre family (Catholics) as well as those of Rohan family (future Huguenots) but was consistent with the traditions of semi-Salic Brittany and had the support of the Breton nobles in the Estates of Brittany.
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In the last years of
Francis II, war with France continued and he was defeated in 1488. This last duke of independent Brittany was forced to submit to a treaty giving the King of France the right to determine the marriage of the Duke's daughter, Anne, a young girl 12 years old, and now the sole heir
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The dynasty was succeeded by Valois family, first Claude, the daughter of
Montfortine duchess Anne, and then Claude's sons. Already from the time of Duchess Anne's marriage, however, the duchy was gradually subsumed to the French state, in practice, so it can be said that French central government
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will succeed the last male
Montfortist duke. The Breton ducal house and many Breton noble families had followed a semi-Salic tradition which permitted a daughter to inherit from her father. The Blois-Penthièvre family received more estates in Brittany as partial compensation.
560:(died 1524), but it was under the tactical dominion of Anne's widower king Louis (Claude's father, died 1515), and afterwards Claude's husband king Francis. The Montfort family continued only in female line, as nominally and titularly first Claude and then her sons
469:, and a son-in-law of the deposed Penthièvre Duchess Joanna, was appointed lieutenant-general of Brittany by the king, who in 1378 sought to annex Brittany to France, which provoked the Bretons to recall John IV from exile.
532:, but their children did not survive. When Charles died, Anne remained unwed for a time during which she returned to Brittany and attempted to restore her independent rule there as Duchess
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In 1465, Francis II took the county of Penthièvre from its heiress, Nicole de
Bretagne-Blois, thus again undermining the rival family's position in Brittany.
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were supported by the Valois kings of France. John of
Montfort died without accomplishing his objective of becoming sole ruler of Brittany, but his wife
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from his mother. However, he was only a younger son of the Duke, who had several older sons from his first marriage. John only received some
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538:. The French Crown again acted to preserve its control over Brittany and Anne had to marry Charles VIII's distant cousin and successor,
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When the peace was sealed in 1365, it was stipulated that the
Montfort branch would succeed in Brittany subject to the restrictions of
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instead of his sister
Isabelle de Bretagne-Montfort (who married into the Laval family and from whom the future Chabot branch of the
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Brittany retained its autonomy, or rather independence, although continuously giving lip service to French sovereignty. After the
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476:(1381) established Brittany's neutrality in the Anglo-French conflict, although John continued to make homage to King of France.
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According to the succession order enacted, in 1457 Duke Peter II was succeeded by his elderly uncle
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It succeeded the
Brittany branch of the House of Dreux, invoking already in 1341 a right to succeed
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was kidnapped by
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The independence of
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besieged the rebels and set free her husband, who confiscated the Penthièvre's goods.
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incorporated the duchy into the Kingdom of France in 1532 through the
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was deserted by his nobles in 1373 and left for exile in England.
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and in the case of their male line going extinct, the heirs of
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310:(and dowager queen of Scotland) from her second marriage to
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Anne died in 1514, leaving the duchy to her elder daughter
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Arms of the house of Montfort-Brittany, Dukes of Brittany.
423:, Brittany still had links with the English through the
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508:(died in 1488) prepared for succession by his daughter
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John of Montfort however invoked both the principle of
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was a Breton-French noble family, which reigned in the
348:(allowing only males to succeed) and the principle of
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360:), having himself proclaimed Duke. This led to the
337:reigning duchess. She was the daughter of the late
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446:in Brittany was built between 1369 and 1382 by
520:return to the Duchy's semi-Salic traditions.
380:continued the fight in the name of their son
372:. The rivals, Duchess Joanna and her husband
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303:(1365 - 1421) was the sole surviving son of
387:In the midst of the conflict, in 1352, the
264:. It should not be confused with the older
577:Edict of Union between Brittany and France
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
450:to the Rance at a time when the city of
305:Yolande of Dreux, Countess of Montfort
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260:; it was thus ultimately part of the
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368:. His patron in this quest was king
58:adding citations to reliable sources
568:were proclaimed Dukes of Brittany.
329:However, his eldest half-brother,
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504:However, the last male Montfort,
454:did not recognize his authority.
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45:needs additional citations for
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506:Francis II, Duke of Brittany
442:in the estuary of the river
252:from 1365 to 1514. It was a
69:"House of Montfort-Brittany"
562:François, Dauphin of France
524:Ruled by the King of France
312:Arthur II, Duke of Brittany
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352:(as used earlier, e.g. by
331:John III, Duke of Brittany
277:John III, Duke of Brittany
246:House of Montfort-Brittany
564:and after him the future
459:John IV, Duke of Brittany
382:John IV, Duke of Brittany
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283:succeeded the Montforts.
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27:Breton-French royal house
516:to the Duchy based on a
481:John V, Duke of Brittany
448:John V, Duke of Brittany
421:Breton War of Succession
362:Breton War of Succession
339:Guy, Count of Penthièvre
295:Arms of John of Montfort
18:House of Dreux-Montfort
530:Charles VIII of France
463:Louis I, Duke of Anjou
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425:Earldom of Richmond
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178:1322; 702 years ago
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366:Hundred Years' War
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270:Counts of Montfort
589:Montfort-l'Amaury
571:Claude's widower
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393:États de Bretagne
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110:January 2016
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47:verification
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498:descends).
235:Dissolution
193:Final ruler
603:Categories
595:References
452:Saint-Malo
162:(maternal)
80:newspapers
479:In 1420,
409:Salic law
397:parlement
346:Salic law
227:Estate(s)
583:See also
535:suo jure
518:de facto
474:Guérande
356:against
324:Brittany
320:appanage
308:suo jure
230:Brittany
256:of the
183:Founder
175:Founded
167:Country
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558:Claude
299:Count
203:Titles
170:France
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