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United States at an early date, but can be found throughout most of the country in areas that were settled by the mid-19th century. It is especially prevalent through the culturally mixed midland, an area through central
Pennsylvania and through Ohio, Indiana and Illinois (or approximate to the old
186:
These nineteenth-century houses lacked indoor plumbing and central heating. The classical I-house has fireplaces in each room. In
Missouri I-houses were built from about 1820 to 1890. The style was brought to the US by the Scots-Irish.
190:
Because of the popularity and simple form of the I-house, decorative elements of popular architectural styles were often used. Through the 1840s, front porches and any decoration were primarily designed in the restrained
152:” region of Missouri. He calls the I-house the “Farmer’s Mansion.” It is the Southern-style house sought by a middle-class planter, a symbol of his success. (DW Meinig introduces the I-house and the
160:) In Little Dixie, originally settled primarily by migrants from the Upper South, settlers were so eager to build an I-house that many lived in tents until they completed their new buildings.
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Structural failure reveals the interior layout of this house near
Craigsville, Virginia. Second-floor rooms on the right side of the house feature doorways into a central hallway.
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for a kitchen or additional space. The facade of an I-house tends to be symmetrical. They were constructed in a variety of materials, including logs, wood frame, brick or stone.
77:, all states beginning with the letter "I". But he was not implying that this house type originated in, or was restricted to, those three states. It is also referred to as
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In the South a variation of the I-house, with one-story, rear shed rooms and usually a full-width front porch, is often referred to as the
183:. A two-story, two-pen house is the basic I-house. The house may by modified by additions, but the pen system provides a classification.
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to the side and are at least two rooms in length, one room deep, and two full stories in height. They also often have a rear wing or
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The
Shaping of America: A Geographical Perspective on 500 Years of History, Vol. 2: Continental America, 1800-1867
93:
Moss Hill in Wilcox County, Alabama (c.1845), an I-house with front and rear shed rooms and a partial front porch.
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Fred
Kniffen, "Folk Housing: Key to Diffusion," Annals of the Association of American Geographers 55 (1965).
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https://www.in.gov/core/results.html?profile=_default&query=i-house&collection=global-collection
179:. Pens can also be extended side by side to create a two-pen house, which with a central hall becomes a
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148:, Marshall devotes nine pages to the I-house after investigation of close to 100 old houses in the “
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104:(c. 1873), with a full shed-roof front porch and rear shed rooms in Hampton County, South Carolina.
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in the late 20th century. The basic unit is a sixteen by sixteen foot “hall”, called a pen. A
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He chose the name "I-house" because the style was commonly built in the rural farm areas of
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style was also used during the 1840s and 1850s. The I-house was also adapted to
175:. Combinations define other types. A two-story, single pen house is known as a
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styles during the mid-19th century. Late 19th-century I-houses often featured
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19:
This article is about the historic house type. For the
Clayton I-House, see
362:, pages 29-32. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: The University of Alabama Press, 1990.
46:
from the colonial period onward. The I-house was so named in the 1930s by
988:
749:
322:"Designing Place: Architecture as Community Art in Martinsville, Indiana"
145:
70:
360:
Historic
Architecture in Alabama: A Guide to Styles and Types, 1810-1930
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133:, and now paralleled by Interstate 70). I-houses generally feature
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Pattern in the
Material Folk Culture of the Eastern United States
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Folk
Architecture in Little Dixie: A Regional Culture in Missouri
163:
Marshall classifies folk houses by type using rules developed by
1138:
1058:
481:. Georgia Humanities Council and the University of Georgia Press
74:
511:
384:. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press. pp. 62–71.
58:. He identified and analyzed the type in his 1936 study of
399:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. pp. 274, 280.
341:; the link is broken but for examples in Indiana see:
503:
Encyclopedia of
Oklahoma History and Culture - I-House
414:. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
108:
The I-house developed from traditional 17th-century
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144:In his book on folk architecture in north-central
309:Annals of the Association of American Geographers
233:house type. It is more directly described as an
279:Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History & Culture
523:
8:
326:Morgan County Historic Preservation Society
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516:
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120:. It became a popular house form in the
354:
352:
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156:as symbols of Southern influence in his
307:Fred Kniffen, "Louisiana House Types,"
263:
269:
267:
430:West Central Neighborhood Association
225:I-house with sheds (Plantation Plain)
7:
450:"Plantation Architecture in Alabama"
85:History and defining characteristics
14:
539:Architecture of the United States
475:"Colonial Architecture: Overview"
852:Sarasota School of Architecture
456:. Alabama Humanities Foundation
395:Meinig, Donald William (1993).
380:Marshall, Howard Wight (1981).
112:folk house types, such as the
16:Vernacular architectural style
1:
1322:Plantation Plain architecture
977:Building types and vernacular
281:. Oklahoma Historical Society
426:"2001 Home and Garden Tour"
50:, a cultural geographer at
42:house type, popular in the
1348:
943:New Classical architecture
575:Colonial and post-colonial
52:Louisiana State University
18:
862:Spanish Colonial Revival
702:Richardsonian Romanesque
479:New Georgia Encyclopedia
54:who was a specialist in
454:Encyclopedia of Alabama
410:Glassie, Henry (1967).
795:Dutch Colonial Revival
105:
94:
31:
1039:Hall and parlor house
999:Central-passage house
820:Mediterranean Revival
546:Native and indigenous
118:central-passage house
114:hall and parlor house
100:
92:
29:
1019:Critical regionalism
712:American Renaissance
252:List of house styles
867:Territorial Revival
810:International style
780:California bungalow
770:American Foursquare
247:List of house types
171:might be a typical
158:Shaping of America.
918:Mid-century modern
765:American Craftsman
754:Streamline Moderne
235:I-house with sheds
106:
95:
32:
1309:
1308:
881:Post–World War II
593:Colonial Georgian
56:folk architecture
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1280:Washington, D.C.
898:Deconstructivism
800:Georgian Revival
790:Colonial Revival
743:mid-20th century
667:Mid-19th century
613:Spanish Colonial
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328:. Archived from
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231:Plantation Plain
169:single pen house
79:Plantation Plain
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815:Mayan Revival
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368:0-8173-1134-3
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332:on 2009-02-10
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44:United States
41:
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28:
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21:Clayton Homes
1245:Philadelphia
1205:Jacksonville
1094:Quiggly hole
1043:
933:Neo-futurism
928:Neo-eclectic
888:Blobitecture
741:Late-19th to
651:Neoclassical
646:Jeffersonian
588:First Period
483:. Retrieved
478:
469:
458:. Retrieved
453:
444:
433:. Retrieved
429:
420:
411:
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396:
390:
381:
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359:
334:. Retrieved
330:the original
325:
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303:
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283:. Retrieved
278:
234:
230:
228:
221:
195:manner. The
189:
185:
162:
157:
150:Little Dixie
143:
122:Mid-Atlantic
107:
78:
64:
48:Fred Kniffen
35:
33:
1332:House types
1255:San Antonio
1230:New Orleans
1220:Los Angeles
1210:Kansas City
1144:Town square
1129:Sweat lodge
1079:Plank house
1029:Earth lodge
847:PWA Moderne
722:Stick style
618:Territorial
217:Stick style
177:stack house
1316:Categories
1119:Skyscraper
1074:Moki steps
1069:Longhouses
963:Tiny-house
958:Shed style
948:Postmodern
775:Beaux-Arts
727:Queen Anne
679:Italianate
656:Antebellum
485:2008-10-03
460:2008-10-03
435:2008-10-04
336:2008-10-04
311:26 (1936).
285:2008-10-03
258:References
209:Queen Anne
205:Italianate
40:vernacular
1275:St. Louis
1215:Las Vegas
1124:Sod house
1064:Log cabin
1009:Corn crib
938:Neomodern
913:High-tech
908:Earthship
893:Brutalist
694:Victorian
275:"I-House"
219:details.
173:log cabin
60:Louisiana
1327:I-houses
1250:Portland
1190:Columbus
994:Cape Cod
989:Barabara
750:Art Deco
558:Builders
241:See also
213:Eastlake
146:Missouri
126:Southern
102:Cohasset
71:Illinois
1270:Spokane
1265:Seattle
1200:Houston
1195:Detroit
1185:Chicago
1180:Buffalo
1170:Atlanta
1134:Temples
1104:Saltbox
1044:I-house
1004:Chickee
968:Usonian
903:Dingbat
760:Pre-war
732:Shingle
641:Federal
193:Federal
181:dogtrot
154:dogtrot
110:British
81:style.
67:Indiana
36:I-house
1296:Hawaii
1289:States
1175:Boston
1163:Cities
1154:Wigwam
1114:Sipapu
1099:Ramada
923:Modern
857:Rustic
805:Googie
583:Creole
565:Pueblo
366:
135:gables
1301:Texas
1240:Omaha
1225:Miami
1149:Tupiq
1089:Qargi
1054:Jacal
1049:Igloo
1034:Hogan
984:Adobe
953:Ranch
553:Mound
38:is a
1139:Tipi
1059:Kiva
835:Deco
717:Folk
636:Adam
364:ISBN
211:and
203:and
124:and
116:and
75:Iowa
73:and
34:The
139:ell
1318::
477:.
452:.
428:.
349:^
324:.
277:.
266:^
237:.
69:,
756:)
752:(
531:e
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339:.
288:.
215:-
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
