132:
she maintained sporadic contact. In 1946, during the 4th illegal
Congress of the PCP, at the age of nine, she was explained away as the "daughter" of the "maid" during the meeting, with instructions to stay in the garden of the building where it was being held and warn the participants of anything unusual. Her parents were both arrested in December 1949. In 1954 her father was the first communist to escape from
461:
227:. She was the author of one of 13 letters sent secretly from Caxias Prison in May 1961, intended to be read at a meeting in Paris and addressed to "organizations and democratic women from all over the world". These letters denounced the conditions in which the women were held and the torture they faced.
131:
da Silva and
Casimira da Conceição Silva, which meant changing homes often and sometimes being left with family friends so that she could go to school. At the age of seven she went to live with the publisher, Francisco Lyon de Castro, and from that time she no longer lived with her parents, although
31:
230:
Lourenço was eventually released on 8 June 1964 having spent six years and nine months in confinement. She told the Público newspaper in 2004: "It was a very important period that I was in prison. For example, when I left in 1964, I had never heard
172:, working with Rolando Verdial. On 23 November 1957 she and Verdial were arrested: she was later sentenced to two years in prison but served much longer as the trial only took place three years after she was arrested. She was held in
168:. She became a Communist Party militant in 1953 and in 1955 also went underground, working to support other Party members, usually men. She worked at a house in Lisbon before transferring to one in Pinhal Novo in the
106:
regime in
Portugal. She spent almost seven years as a political prisoner. A report of her imprisonment in a British newspaper led to her being indirectly connected with the foundation of the human rights organization
339:
176:, near Lisbon. Verdial was sentenced to six years in prison and was held in Peniche Fortress. He was one of the ten who escaped on 3 January 1960, to the embarrassment of the regime.
279:
of London on his way to work, when he saw an article reporting on the sentencing of Lourenço and
Verdial. This inspired him to write and get published an opinion piece in
345:
494:
255:, she returned to living a legal life, reuniting with her father, who she had not seen since his arrest. She then worked with the official PCP newspaper,
283:, known as the "forgotten prisoners", on 28 May 1961, the date Amnesty International celebrates as its founding date. Benenson went on to launch the
509:
247:
to take part in the PCP's 6th
Congress, her conditional release from prison was revoked. She went underground again to escape arrest. After the
179:
Lourenço was initially held in solitary confinement for six months, eventually being moved to a collective dormitory where she lived with
372:
489:
308:
484:
165:
212:
153:
208:
433:
405:
196:
216:
204:
128:
102:
284:
268:
108:
504:
499:
248:
188:
169:
120:
48:
220:
160:- MUD), which was a quasi-legal platform of Portuguese democratic organizations that opposed the
192:
149:
133:
127:. She was the daughter of two clandestine members of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP),
30:
466:
272:
224:
200:
478:
173:
16:
Portuguese communist opponent of the Estado Novo dictatorship and political prisoner
280:
232:
456:
184:
180:
276:
287:, which lead to the creation of Amnesty International in September 1962.
52:
256:
244:
124:
240:
236:
235:." On her release, she was subject to tight surveillance by the
148:
At the age of 15, with the encouragement of the PCP activist,
259:, until retiring in 2003. Lourenço died on 24 January 2008.
239:, Portugal's secret police. Following her illegal trip to
119:
Ivone Conceição Dias Lourenço was born on 3 April 1937 in
373:"Morreu a antiga presa política Ivone Dias Lourenço"
83:
75:
67:
59:
37:
21:
100:was a Portuguese communist and an opponent of the
123:, just to the north of the Portuguese capital of
8:
29:
18:
400:
398:
396:
394:
367:
365:
363:
334:
332:
330:
328:
428:
426:
152:, Lourenço joined the youth wing of the
309:"The forgotten, forgotten prisoners..."
296:
302:
300:
251:on 25 April 1974, which overthrew the
7:
495:Portuguese prisoners and detainees
344:. pp. 378–380. Archived from
14:
209:Maria da Piedade Gomes dos Santos
459:
341:Feminae Dicionário Contemporâneo
263:Amnesty International connection
158:Movimento de Unidade Democrática
510:People from Vila Franca de Xira
406:"IVONE CONCEIÇÃO DIAS LOURENÇO"
136:, which was being used by the
91:Government; Political prisoner
1:
434:"Faleceu Ivone Dias Lourenço"
42:Ivone Conceição Dias Lourenço
154:Movement of Democratic Unity
205:Maria Ângela Vidal e Campos
166:António de Oliveira Salazar
526:
213:Maria Eugénia Varela Gomes
87:Opponent of authoritarian
63:24 January 2008 (Aged 70)
28:
490:Portuguese anti-fascists
285:Appeal for Amnesty 1961
197:Fernanda de Paiva Tomás
140:as a political prison.
275:was reading a copy of
217:Maria Luísa Costa Dias
485:Portuguese communists
269:Amnesty International
267:On 19 December 1960,
129:António Dias Lourenço
109:Amnesty International
410:Silêncios e Memórias
249:Carnation Revolution
121:Vila Franca de Xira
98:Ivone Dias Lourenço
49:Vila Franca de Xira
23:Ivone Dias Lourenço
348:on 8 February 2021
221:Georgette Ferreira
379:. 25 January 2008
150:Domingos Abrantes
95:
94:
517:
469:
464:
463:
462:
449:
448:
446:
444:
430:
421:
420:
418:
416:
402:
389:
388:
386:
384:
369:
358:
357:
355:
353:
336:
323:
322:
320:
318:
304:
219:and the sisters
170:Setúbal district
134:Peniche Fortress
33:
19:
525:
524:
520:
519:
518:
516:
515:
514:
475:
474:
473:
472:
467:Portugal portal
465:
460:
458:
453:
452:
442:
440:
432:
431:
424:
414:
412:
404:
403:
392:
382:
380:
371:
370:
361:
351:
349:
338:
337:
326:
316:
314:
307:Shipsey, Bill.
306:
305:
298:
293:
265:
193:Cândida Ventura
146:
117:
55:
46:
44:
43:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
523:
521:
513:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
477:
476:
471:
470:
455:
454:
451:
450:
422:
390:
359:
324:
295:
294:
292:
289:
273:Peter Benenson
264:
261:
225:Sofia Ferreira
201:Julieta Gandra
164:regime led by
145:
142:
116:
113:
93:
92:
85:
84:Known for
81:
80:
77:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
61:
57:
56:
47:
41:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
522:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
482:
480:
468:
457:
439:
435:
429:
427:
423:
411:
407:
401:
399:
397:
395:
391:
378:
374:
368:
366:
364:
360:
347:
343:
342:
335:
333:
331:
329:
325:
313:
310:
303:
301:
297:
290:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
262:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
228:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
189:Alda Nogueira
186:
182:
177:
175:
174:Caxias prison
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
143:
141:
139:
135:
130:
126:
122:
114:
112:
110:
105:
104:
99:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
441:. Retrieved
437:
413:. Retrieved
409:
381:. Retrieved
376:
350:. Retrieved
346:the original
340:
315:. Retrieved
311:
281:The Observer
266:
252:
229:
178:
161:
157:
147:
137:
118:
101:
97:
96:
88:
45:3 April 1937
505:2008 deaths
500:1937 births
253:Estado Novo
233:The Beatles
162:Estado Novo
138:Estado Novo
103:Estado Novo
89:Estado Novo
68:Nationality
479:Categories
291:References
185:Aida Paula
181:Aida Magro
115:Early life
79:Journalist
76:Occupation
71:Portuguese
312:The Times
277:The Times
352:19 March
271:founder
144:Activism
53:Portugal
438:Avante!
377:Público
257:Avante!
245:Ukraine
443:21 May
415:21 May
383:21 May
317:21 May
125:Lisbon
445:2021
417:2021
385:2021
354:2021
319:2021
241:Kiev
237:PIDE
223:and
60:Died
38:Born
243:in
481::
436:.
425:^
408:.
393:^
375:.
362:^
327:^
299:^
215:,
211:,
207:,
203:,
199:,
195:,
191:,
187:,
183:,
111:.
51:,
447:.
419:.
387:.
356:.
321:.
156:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
