591:); 802.11n's speed may go up to 150 megabits per second if there are not other Bluetooth, microwave or Wi-Fi emissions in the neighborhood by using two 20 MHz channels in 40 MHz mode. If more antennas are used, then 802.11n can go up to 288 megabits per second in 20 MHz mode with four antennas, or 600 megabits per second in 40 MHz mode with four antennas and 400 ns guard interval. Because the 2.4 GHz band is seriously congested in most urban areas, 802.11n networks usually have more success in increasing data rate by utilizing more antennas in 20 MHz mode rather than by operating in the 40 MHz mode, as the 40 MHz mode requires a relatively free radio spectrum which is only available in rural areas away from cities. Thus, network engineers installing an 802.11n network should strive to select routers and wireless clients with the most antennas possible (one, two, three or four as specified by the 802.11n standard) and try to make sure that the network's bandwidth will be satisfactory even on the 20 MHz mode.
2153:" products that claimed to comply with the standard draft, even before standard finalization which mean they might not be inter-operational with products produced according to IEEE 802.11 standard after the standard publication, nor even among themselves. The Wi-Fi Alliance began certifying products based on IEEE 802.11n draft 2.0 mid-2007. This certification program established a set of features and a level of interoperability across vendors supporting those features, thus providing one definition of "draft n" to ensure compatibility and interoperability. The baseline certification covers both 20 MHz and 40 MHz wide channels, and up to two spatial streams, for maximum throughputs of 144.4 Mbit/s for 20 MHz and 300 Mbit/s for 40 MHz (with short
1761:
need to support legacy equipment that still is 802.11b/g only. In a mixed-mode system, an optimal solution would be to use a dual-radio access point and place the 802.11b/g traffic on the 2.4 GHz radio and the 802.11n traffic on the 5 GHz radio. This setup assumes that all the 802.11n clients are 5 GHz capable, which is not a requirement of the standard. 5 GHz is optional on Wi-Fi 4; quite some Wi-Fi 4 capable devices only support 2.4 GHz and there is no practical way to upgrade them to support 5 GHz. Some enterprise-grade APs use
481:(SDM), which spatially multiplexes multiple independent data streams, transferred simultaneously within one spectral channel of bandwidth. MIMO SDM can significantly increase data throughput as the number of resolved spatial data streams is increased. Each spatial stream requires a discrete antenna at both the transmitter and the receiver. In addition, MIMO technology requires a separate radio-frequency chain and analog-to-digital converter for each antenna, making it more expensive to implement than non-MIMO systems.
2182:
IEEE Std 802.11r-2008, IEEE Std 802.11y-2008 and IEEE P802.11w. TGn will be the 5th amendment to the 802.11-2007 standard. The scope of this project is to define an amendment that shall define standardized modifications to both the 802.11 physical layers (PHY) and the 802.11 Medium Access
Control Layer (MAC) so that modes of operation can be enabled that are capable of much higher throughputs, with a maximum throughput of at least 100 Mbit/s, as measured at the MAC data service access point (SAP).
1779:
channel 3 SCA (secondary channel above), also known as 3+7, reserves the first 9 out of the 11 channels available. In Europe and other places where channels 1–13 are available, allocating 1+5 uses slightly more than 50% of the channels, but the overlap with 9+13 is not usually significant as it lies at the edges of the bands, and so two 40 MHz bands typically work unless the transmitters are physically very closely spaced.
4800:
2374:
Draft 9.0 passed sponsor ballot recirculation; the ballot passed by an 80.7% majority (75% required) (233 votes received, 171 approve, 41 not approve); 277 members are in the sponsor ballot pool; The comment resolution committee is resolving the 23 new comments received, and will authorize the editor
1760:
To achieve maximum output, a pure 802.11n 5 GHz network is recommended. The 5 GHz band has substantial capacity due to many non-overlapping radio channels and less radio interference as compared to the 2.4 GHz band. An 802.11n-only network may be impractical for many users because they
484:
Channels operating with a width of 40 MHz are another feature incorporated into 802.11n; this doubles the channel width from 20 MHz in previous 802.11 PHYs to transmit data, and provides twice the PHY data rate available over a single 20 MHz channel. It can be enabled in the 5 GHz
4796:
2316:
Draft 3.02 approved. This version incorporates previously approved technical and editorial comments. There remain 127 unresolved technical comments. It was expected that all remaining comments will be resolved and that TGn and WG11 would subsequently release draft 4.0 for working group recirculation
1778:
is fairly congested. With 802.11n, there is the option to double the bandwidth per channel to 40 MHz (fat channel) which results in slightly more than double the data rate. However, in North
America, when in 2.4 GHz, enabling this option takes up to 82% of the unlicensed band. For example,
2283:
Letter Ballot 97, the 30-day
Technical vote to approve draft 2.0, closed. They were announced by IEEE 802 leadership during the Orlando Plenary on 12 March 2007. The ballot passed with an 83.4% approval, above the 75% minimum approval threshold. There were still approximately 3,076 unique comments,
2181:
The IEEE-SA New
Standards Committee (NesCom) approved the Project Authorization Request (PAR) for the purpose of amending the 802.11-2007 standard. The new 802.11 Task Group (TGn) is to develop a new amendment. The TGn amendment is based on IEEE Std 802.11-2007, as amended by IEEE Std 802.11k-2008,
2172:
The first meeting of the High-Throughput Study Group (HTSG) was held. Earlier in the year, in the
Wireless Next Generation standing committee (WNG SC), presentations were heard on why they need change and what the target throughput would be required to justify the amendments. Compromise was reached
2365:
Draft 8.0 proceeded to sponsor ballot recirculation; the ballot passed by an 80.1% majority (75% required) (228 votes received, 169 approve, 42 not approve); 277 members are in the sponsor ballot pool; The comment resolution committee resolved the 77 comments received, and authorized the editor to
2247:
The IEEE 802.11 Working Group voted not to forward draft 1.0 of the proposed 802.11n standard. Only 46.6% voted to approve the ballot. To proceed to the next step in the IEEE standards process, a majority vote of 75% is required. This letter ballot also generated approximately 12,000 comments—many
1736:
PHY level protection: Mixed Mode Format protection (also known as L-SIG TXOP Protection): In mixed mode, each 802.11n transmission is always embedded in an 802.11a or 802.11g transmission. For 20 MHz transmissions, this embedding takes care of the protection with 802.11a and 802.11g. However,
2256:
TGn voted to accept draft version 1.06, incorporating all accepted technical and editorial comment resolutions prior to this meeting. An additional 800 comment resolutions were approved during the
November session which will be incorporated into the next revision of the draft. As of this meeting,
2265:
The IEEE 802.11 Working Group unanimously (100 yes, 0 no, 5 abstaining) approved a request by the 802.11n Task Group to issue a new draft 2.0 of the proposed standard. Draft 2.0 was based on the Task Group's working draft version 1.10. Draft 2.0 was at this point in time the cumulative result of
5058:
IEEE Standard for
Information Technology- Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems- Local and Metropolitan Area Networks- Specific Requirements Part Ii: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications. (n.d.). doi:10.1109/ieeestd.2003.94282
1782:
The specification calls for requiring one primary 20 MHz channel as well as a secondary adjacent channel spaced ±20 MHz away. The primary channel is used for communications with clients incapable of 40 MHz mode. When in 40 MHz mode, the center frequency is actually the
485:
mode, or within the 2.4 GHz mode if there is knowledge that it will not interfere with any other 802.11 or non-802.11 (such as
Bluetooth) system using the same frequencies. The MIMO architecture, together with the wider channels, offers increased physical transfer rate over standard
356:(multiple-input and multiple-output) support, sometimes devices/systems that support 802.11n standard (or draft version of the standard) are being referred to as MIMO (Wi-Fi products), especially before the introduction of the next generation standard. The use of MIMO-
594:
Data rates up to 600 Mbit/s are achieved only with the maximum of four spatial streams using one 40 MHz-wide channel. Various modulation schemes and coding rates are defined by the standard, which also assigns an arbitrary number to each; this number is the
586:
Assuming equal operating parameters to an 802.11g network achieving 54 megabits per second (on a single 20 MHz channel with one antenna), an 802.11n network can achieve 72 megabits per second (on a single 20 MHz channel with one antenna and 400 ns
2274:
The results of Letter Ballot 95, a 15-day
Procedural vote, passed with 97.99% approval and 2.01% disapproval. On the same day, 802.11 Working Group announced the opening of Letter Ballot 97. It invited detailed technical comments to closed on 9 March
2140:
has upgraded its suite of compatibility tests for some enhancements that were finalized after a 2.0. Furthermore, it has affirmed that all draft-n certified products remain compatible with the products conforming to the final standards.
525:
The number of simultaneous data streams is limited by the minimum number of antennas in use on both sides of the link. However, the individual radios often further limit the number of spatial streams that may carry unique data. The
1765:
to send 802.11n clients to the 5 GHz band, leaving the 2.4 GHz band for legacy clients. Band steering works by responding only to 5 GHz association requests and not the 2.4 GHz requests from dual-band clients.
2123:
Local regulations may restrict certain channels from operation. For example, Channels 12 and 13 are normally unavailable for use as either a primary or secondary channel in North
America. For further information, see
1676:
PHY level data rate does not match user level throughput because of 802.11 protocol overheads, like the contention process, interframe spacing, PHY level headers (Preamble + PLCP) and acknowledgment frames. The main
2222:
Previous competitors TGn Sync, WWiSE, and a third group, MITMOT, said that they would merge their respective proposals as a draft. The standardization process was expected to be completed by the second quarter of
1703:
is a process of packing multiple MSDUs or MPDUs together to reduce the overheads and average them over multiple frames, thereby increasing the user level data rate. A-MPDU aggregation requires the use of
2214:
Proposals were downselected to a single proposal, but there is not a 75% consensus on the one proposal. Further efforts were expended over the next 3 sessions without being able to agree on one proposal.
4333:
552:) is the maximum number of data spatial streams the radio can use. For example, a radio that can transmit on two antennas and receive on three, but can only send or receive two data streams, would be
5711:
418:
versions to provide wireless connectivity in homes and businesses. Development of 802.11n began in 2002, seven years before publication. The 802.11n protocol is now Clause 20 of the published
3898:
extended operation of 802.11a to the licensed 3.7 GHz band. Increased power limits allow a range up to 5,000 m. As of 2009, it is only being licensed in the United States by the
574:. All three configurations have the same maximum throughputs and features, and differ only in the amount of diversity the antenna systems provide. In addition, a fourth configuration,
2239:
IEEE 802.11 Working Group sent the 802.11n draft to its first letter ballot, allowing the 500+ 802.11 voters to review the document and suggest bug fixes, changes, and improvements.
3964:
has become available for 802.11ax, these may decrease. Also, these theoretical values depend on the link distance, whether the link is line-of-sight or not, interferences and the
4508:
4113:
Wi-Fi 6E is the industry name that identifies Wi-Fi devices that operate in 6 GHz. Wi-Fi 6E offers the features and capabilities of Wi-Fi 6 extended into the 6 GHz band.
2257:
three of the 18 comment topic ad hoc groups chartered in May had completed their work, and 88% of the technical comments had been resolved, with approximately 370 remaining.
2444:
5280:
4734:
4633:
4248:
Giordano, Lorenzo; Geraci, Giovanni; Carrascosa, Marc; Bellalta, Boris (November 21, 2023). "What Will Wi-Fi 8 Be? A Primer on IEEE 802.11bn Ultra High Reliability".
5384:
4303:
477:
MIMO is a technology that uses multiple antennas to coherently resolve more information than possible using a single antenna. One way it provides this is through
360:(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) to increase the data rate while maintaining the same spectrum as 802.11a was first demonstrated by Airgo Networks.
4325:
5918:
4931:
49:
2300:
Task Group agreed on all outstanding issues for draft 2.07. Draft 3.0 is authorized, with the expectation that it go to a sponsor ballot in November 2007.
509:
and spatial coding, where spatial beamforming improves the received signal quality at the decoding stage. Spatial coding can increase data throughput via
6686:
4553:
3841:
3802:
3771:
3740:
3709:
3439:
3384:
2663:
5168:
3988:
to 3.2 microseconds, in order to support Outdoor communications, where the maximum possible propagation delay is larger compared to Indoor environments.
5262:
4906:
5451:
4450:
4681:
606:. The table below shows the relationships between the variables that allow for the maximum data rate. GI (Guard Interval): Timing between symbols.
4870:
4659:
4711:
4529:
1720:
between legacy and successor devices. 802.11n extends the coexistence management to protect its transmissions from legacy devices, which include
2437:
4592:
4487:
4069:
1751:
MAC level protection: An RTS/CTS frame exchange or CTS frame transmission at legacy rates can be used to protect subsequent 11n transmission.
4081:
4031:
5411:
4832:
6722:
6712:
2357:
Draft 7.0 forwarded to sponsor ballot; the sponsor ballot was approved (158 for, 45 against, 21 abstaining); 241 comments were received.
4504:
5561:
5090:
4695:
474:
which were based upon 802.11g and 802.11a technology, but this was the first time it was standardized across all radio manufacturers.
5987:
5506:
5112:
5023:
4774:
4756:
3899:
2575:
2430:
2173:
in May 2002 to delay the start of the Study Group until September to allow 11g to complete major work during the July 2002 session.
375:
from 54 Mbit/s to 72 Mbit/s with a single spatial stream in a 20 MHz channel, and 600 Mbit/s (slightly higher
5686:
3837:
3798:
3767:
3736:
3705:
3581:
2570:
42:
5968:
5284:
4742:
2157:). A number of vendors in both the consumer and enterprise spaces have built products that have achieved this certification.
447:
338:
4629:
1744:
PHY level protection: Transmissions using a 40 MHz channel in the presence of 802.11a or 802.11g clients require using
4369:
2308:
Draft 3.0 approved (240 voted affirmative, 43 negative, and 27 abstained). The editor was authorized to produce draft 3.01.
5943:
4295:
478:
467:
2399:
Final WG Approval passed with 53 approve, 1 against, 6 abstain. Unanimous approval to send Final WG draft 11.0 to RevCom.
544:) is the maximum number of transmit antennas or transmitting TF chains that can be used by the radio. The second number (
5444:
4185:
3577:
2149:
After the first draft of the IEEE 802.11n standard was published in 2006, many manufacturers began producing so-called "
597:
5220:
6352:
5913:
5616:
5531:
5511:
471:
345:, and security improvements, among other features, and can be used in the 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz frequency bands.
4104:
802.11ac only specifies operation in the 5 GHz band. Operation in the 2.4 GHz band is specified by 802.11n.
637:. The total bandwidth is 20 MHz with an occupied bandwidth of 17.8 MHz. Total symbol duration is 3.6 or 4
548:) is the maximum number of receive antennas or receiving RF chains that can be used by the radio. The third number (
6755:
5484:
5460:
5347:
5072:
35:
5326:
4939:
4814:
514:
6322:
5521:
5234:
3667:
3646:
2614:
2550:
96:
20:
621:
with a carrier separation of 0.3125 MHz (20 MHz/64) (3.2 μs). Each of these subcarriers can be a
5756:
4775:"Wi-Fi Alliance Reveals New Logo and Announces First Wi-Fi Certified 802.11n Draft 2.0 Products and Test Suite"
4388:
4355:
4270:
2231:
The IEEE 802.11n Task Group approved the Joint Proposal's specification, enhanced by EWC's draft specification.
4568:
3932:; standard guard interval is ~10% slower. Rates vary widely based on distance, obstructions, and interference.
1748:
protection on both 20 MHz halves of the 40 MHz channel, to prevent interference with legacy devices.
4143:
6760:
5621:
5611:
5591:
5437:
4975:
1681:(MAC) feature that provides a performance improvement is aggregation. Two types of aggregation are defined:
4892:
3821:
3036:
5933:
5494:
4536:
1717:
610:
6727:
5850:
5586:
4442:
4026:
2125:
1716:
When 802.11g was released to share the band with existing 802.11b devices, it provided ways of ensuring
1705:
4719:
4655:
3874:
This is obsolete, and support for this might be subject to removal in a future revision of the standard
5203:
398:
standards that govern wireless networking transmission methods. They are commonly used today in their
6781:
5993:
5923:
5741:
5671:
5042:
The Physical Layer of the IEEE 802.11p WAVE Communication Standard: The Specifications and Challenges
5040:
4953:
4687:
3493:
1678:
510:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
505:
and postcoding techniques, respectively, to achieve the capacity of a MIMO link. Precoding includes
5395:
5263:"IEEE 802.11ay: 1st real standard for Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) via mmWave – Technology Blog"
3202:
2736:
2505:
2488:
1745:
1738:
4603:
5875:
5751:
5309:
5003:
4249:
4078:
3597:
2852:
2847:
1693:
626:
622:
223:
202:
4828:
5415:
2292:
The Wi-Fi Alliance announced its official certification program for devices based on draft 2.0.
6424:
6419:
6399:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6347:
6342:
6332:
6327:
5963:
5793:
4691:
4483:
4065:
3965:
3895:
2763:
2696:
2676:
2631:
2594:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1700:
1686:
490:
463:
455:
443:
439:
435:
431:
342:
165:
142:
119:
6552:
6293:
6288:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
363:
The purpose of the standard is to improve network throughput over the two previous standards—
6317:
5983:
5362:
5242:
5150:
4475:
4397:(in Traditional Chinese). Vol. 2008 年 7 月號, no. 89 期. 城邦文化事業股份有限公司. Archived from
4198:
4057:
387:
329:, is a wireless-networking standard that uses multiple antennas to increase data rates. The
5098:
2284:
which were to be individually examined for incorporation into the next revision of draft 2.
422:
standard and subsequently renamed to clause 19 of the published IEEE 802.11-2020 standard.
5746:
5235:"An Overview of China Millimeter-Wave Multiple Gigabit Wireless Local Area Network System"
4782:
4760:
4085:
3145:
1784:
5123:
4222:
3134:
5002:
Banerji, Sourangsu; Chowdhury, Rahul Singha. "On IEEE 802.11: Wireless LAN Technology".
4849:
645:
a guard interval of 0.4 (also known as short guard interval (SGI)) or 0.8 microseconds.
6601:
5731:
5726:
5646:
5596:
4984:
4715:
4398:
3985:
3981:
3957:
3929:
2154:
2137:
690:
588:
451:
376:
330:
578:
is becoming common, which has a higher throughput, due to the additional data stream.
6775:
6707:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6571:
6547:
6523:
6511:
6500:
6489:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6462:
6449:
6438:
5928:
5908:
5761:
5736:
5666:
5556:
5501:
4976:"Wi-Fi CERTIFIED n: Longer-Range, Faster-Throughput, Multimedia-Grade Wi-Fi Networks"
3587:
3527:
3485:
3407:
3356:
3310:
3260:
3232:
3129:
3020:
2927:
278:
273:
254:
6691:
6681:
6429:
6414:
6409:
6404:
6394:
6337:
5978:
5973:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5898:
2715:
618:
513:
and increase range by exploiting the spatial diversity, through techniques such as
462:. There were older proprietary implementations of MIMO and 40MHz channels such as
5247:
5185:
5154:
4479:
4061:
6563:
6303:
6057:
5938:
5903:
5893:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5838:
5833:
5823:
5366:
2453:
1708:
or BlockAck, which was introduced in 802.11e and has been optimized in 802.11n.
638:
506:
419:
28:
19:"11n" redirects here. For the airport in Connecticut with the FAA code 11N, see
5141:
4180:
2747:
2726:
6676:
6671:
6003:
5885:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5788:
5403:
4036:
380:
4202:
6737:
6717:
6575:
5828:
5721:
5716:
5701:
5691:
5681:
5661:
5656:
5641:
5631:
5626:
5606:
5601:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5551:
5516:
3509:
2814:
1696:(MPDUs) at the bottom of the MAC (referred to as MPDU aggregation or A-MPDU)
669:
540:
notation helps identify what a given radio is capable of. The first number (
502:
459:
2266:
thousands of changes to the 11n document as based on all previous comments.
383:) with the use of four spatial streams at a channel width of 40 MHz.
6008:
5780:
5771:
5489:
5479:
5474:
5073:"Wi-Fi Capacity Analysis for 802.11ac and 802.11n: Theory & Practice"
4900:
4680:
Jackman, Shawn M.; Swartz, Matt; Burton, Marcus; Head, Thomas W. (2011).
3634:
1775:
1689:(MSDUs) at the top of the MAC (referred to as MSDU aggregation or A-MSDU)
415:
411:
379:
including for example error-correction codes, and slightly lower maximum
372:
239:
4370:"Here come Wi-Fi 4, 5 and 6 in plan to simplify 802.11 networking names"
6732:
6528:
6494:
6443:
6388:
6283:
6248:
6223:
6198:
6193:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6147:
6141:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6120:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6093:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6017:
5651:
5636:
5204:"Understanding IEEE 802.11ad Physical Layer and Measurement Challenges"
4935:
4471:
4053:
3175:
3060:
3025:
2960:
2937:
2932:
2875:
486:
407:
403:
399:
368:
364:
249:
218:
197:
3984:
is 0.8 microseconds. However, 802.11ax extended the maximum available
6595:
6067:
6062:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
5696:
5526:
5024:"The complete family of wireless LAN standards: 802.11 a, b, g, j, n"
4530:"Wireless Without Compromise: Delivering the promise of IEEE 802.11n"
1732:. There are MAC and PHY level protection mechanisms as listed below:
391:
4254:
333:
has also retroactively labelled the technology for the standard as
6453:
6308:
5843:
5706:
5546:
5008:
4564:
4423:
4410:
3961:
3566:
3249:
3063:
2963:
349:
5429:
4468:
IEEE 802.11n-2009—Amendment 5: Enhancements for Higher Throughput
4050:
IEEE 802.11n-2009—Amendment 5: Enhancements for Higher Throughput
2333:
Draft 5.0 approved and anticipated publication timeline modified.
5676:
5541:
5536:
4271:"Wi-Fi Now Has Version Numbers, and Wi-Fi 6 Comes Out Next Year"
4194:
3640:
3620:
3178:
2878:
2497:
740:
712:
614:
395:
357:
353:
5433:
430:
IEEE 802.11n is an amendment to IEEE 802.11-2007 as amended by
4759:(Press release). Wi-Fi Alliance. June 25, 2007. Archived from
3474:
3183:
3068:
2968:
2883:
2819:
795:
634:
630:
4757:"Wi-Fi Alliance Begins Testing of Next-Generation Wi-Fi Gear"
2165:
The following are milestones in the development of 802.11n:
5348:"IEEE 802.11ah: A Long Range 802.11 WLAN at Sub 1 GHz"
5048:. World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science. 2014.
4712:"Wi-Fi Alliance Launches Updated Wi-Fi Certified n Program"
4683:
Certified Wireless Design Professional Official Study Guide
3351:
2492:
5174:. Rohde & Schwarz GmbH. November 21, 2013. p. 14.
3402:
4161:
3480:
2479:
5310:"802.11 Alternate PHYs A whitepaper by Ayman Mukaddam"
5169:"802.11ad - WLAN at 60 GHz: A Technology Introduction"
4954:"Official IEEE 802.11 working group project timelines"
4296:"The Most Common Wi-Fi Standards and Types, Explained"
2502:
446:, and builds on previous 802.11 standards by adding a
2190:
The first meeting of the new 802.11 Task Group (TGn).
4871:"July 2009 Plenary Presentation from WG11 to 802 EC"
6700:
6664:
6562:
6302:
6002:
5884:
5779:
5770:
5467:
2485:
5140:
4974:
4505:"TGn SB2: Presentation for 40MHz Coexistence CIDs"
3255:
3014:
16:Wireless networking standard in the 802.11 family
5396:"Three Spatial Streams: The Good, Bad, and Ugly"
4554:"Intel Ultimate N Wi-Fi Link 5300 Product Brief"
4005:
4003:
3960:which is 0.8 microseconds. Since multi-user via
3891:
3889:
316:They do not exist in the official nomenclature.
3976:
3974:
3952:
3950:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3942:
3940:
3938:
2391:Draft 11.0 passed sponsor ballot recirculation.
2383:Draft 10.0 passed sponsor ballot recirculation.
4656:"How to: Migrate to 802.11n in the Enterprise"
4462:
4460:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3124:
5445:
4630:"How to: Minimize 802.11 Interference Issues"
4144:"MCS table (updated with 80211ax data rates)"
3956:For single-user cases only, based on default
2438:
43:
8:
5113:"IEEE 802.11ac: What Does it Mean for Test?"
4797:"Wi-Fi Certified 802.11n draft 2.0 products"
3572:
2841:
2375:to create a new draft for further balloting.
371:—with a significant increase in the maximum
3870:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3858:
2482:
5776:
5452:
5438:
5430:
5142:"IEEE Standard for Information Technology"
4181:"Future Directions for Wi-Fi 8 and Beyond"
2445:
2431:
2423:
647:
50:
36:
25:
5246:
5067:
5065:
5007:
4997:
4995:
4829:"IEEE 802.11n Report (Status of Project)"
4253:
2757:
2366:create a draft 9.0 for further balloting.
562:Common configurations of 11n devices are
450:(MIMO) system and 40 MHz channels to the
386:IEEE 802.11n-2009 is an amendment to the
5089:Belanger, Phil; Biba, Ken (2007-05-31).
1789:
227:
4441:Stanford, Michael (September 7, 2007).
4424:"MIMO-OFDM Multiple Antenna Technology"
4179:Reshef, Ehud; Cordeiro, Carlos (2023).
4135:
4097:
3854:
3850:
3340:carrier, low-power single carrier
3299:carrier, low-power single carrier
2921:
2782:
2206:32 first round of proposals were heard.
1787:of the primary and secondary channels.
617:subcarriers, 52 are for data and 4 are
230:
149:
5304:
5302:
4905:(unconfirmed ed.). 17 July 2009.
4844:
4842:
4453:from the original on November 9, 2007.
2589:
5283:. IEEE. pp. 2, 3. Archived from
4336:from the original on 11 November 2021
4306:from the original on 11 November 2021
3685:
3197:
7:
5239:IEICE Transactions on Communications
4718:. September 30, 2009. Archived from
4390:數位家庭無「線」蔓延 802.11n傳輸率大幅提升 MIMO測試不可或缺
4032:Spectral efficiency comparison table
2132:Wi-Fi Alliance certification program
1770:40 MHz channels in 2.4 GHz
521:Numbers of antennas and data streams
5412:"Not all Streams are Created Equal"
4835:from the original on June 10, 2011.
4356:"Wi-Fi Alliance introduces Wi-Fi 6"
4294:Phillips, Gavin (18 January 2021).
2506:
2317:ballot following the March meeting.
314:are named by retroactive inference.
5385:"WLAN 802.11n - From SISO to MIMO"
5186:"Connect802 - 802.11ac Discussion"
4443:"How does 802.11n get to 600Mbps?"
14:
5404:"Fundamentals of Spatial Streams"
4269:Kastrenakes, Jacob (2018-10-03).
3522:
501:The transmitter and receiver use
4912:from the original on 6 June 2011
4850:"Gartner: don't rush on 802.11n"
4602:. August 5, 2008. Archived from
4428:Communications Design Conference
4162:"Understanding Wi-Fi 4/5/6/6E/7"
2407:RevCom/Standards Board approval.
5091:"802.11n Delivers Better Range"
4803:from the original on 2007-08-11
4662:from the original on 2008-09-21
4636:from the original on 2008-08-12
4511:from the original on 2011-07-17
4422:Van Nee, Richard (March 2004).
2493:
558:The 802.11n draft allows up to
5355:Journal of ICT Standardization
5122:. October 2013. Archived from
4781:. May 16, 2007. Archived from
4503:Vlantis, George (2009-05-11).
3997:Wake-up Radio (WUR) Operation.
3968:components in the environment.
2710:5,000 m (16,000 ft)
2653:divide by 2 and 4 for 10 and 5
2198:Call for Proposals was issued.
649:Modulation and coding schemes
448:multiple-input multiple-output
390:wireless-networking standard.
339:multiple-input multiple-output
337:. It standardized support for
1:
5241:. E101.B (2): 262–276. 2018.
4932:"IEEE-SA - News & Events"
2752:1,000 m (3,300 ft)
2731:1,000 m (3,300 ft)
479:spatial division multiplexing
5248:10.1587/transcom.2017ISI0004
5155:10.1109/IEEESTD.2018.8345727
4480:10.1109/IEEESTD.2009.5307322
4326:"Wi-Fi Generation Numbering"
4186:IEEE Communications Magazine
4062:10.1109/IEEESTD.2009.5307322
2645:6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54
1648:
1623:
1598:
1573:
1547:
1521:
1495:
1469:
1443:
1417:
1391:
1365:
1339:
1313:
1287:
1261:
1235:
1209:
1183:
1157:
1131:
1105:
1079:
1053:
1027:
1001:
975:
949:
923:
897:
871:
845:
819:
790:
764:
736:
708:
609:20 MHz channel uses an
598:modulation and coding scheme
282:
258:
206:
185:
169:
146:
123:
100:
5367:10.13052/jicts2245-800X.115
4893:"July 2009 meeting minutes"
1737:802.11b devices still need
290:
285:
267:
261:
243:
233:
212:
209:
191:
188:
172:
152:
129:
126:
106:
103:
6798:
6756:IEEE Standards Association
5329:. IEEE P802.11. 2012-07-10
4733:Shaw, Keith (2006-08-07).
3851:
3680:
2536:
2426:
18:
6746:
4735:"The draft-n controversy"
3562:
3508:
3472:
3254:
3245:
3077:120 m (390 ft)
3076:
3073:
3057:
3054:
3041:
3030:
3019:
3013:
2977:120 m (390 ft)
2976:
2973:
2957:
2954:
2945:
2942:
2926:
2920:
2891:
2888:
2872:
2869:
2860:
2857:
2846:
2840:
2828:250 m (820 ft)
2827:
2824:
2813:
2810:
2801:
2798:
2787:
2781:
2777:140 m (460 ft)
2671:120 m (390 ft)
2662:
2659:
2644:
2641:
2627:
2623:140 m (460 ft)
2584:100 m (330 ft)
2516:
2513:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2461:
2107:
2087:
2067:
2047:
1906:
1886:
1866:
1846:
1803:
1800:
1792:
683:
680:
675:
668:
663:
658:
653:
352:standard that introduced
295:
222:
21:Candlelight Farms Airport
5361:(1): 83–108. July 2013.
5221:"802.11aj Press Release"
4903:LMSC Executive Committee
4389:
4203:10.1109/MCOM.003.2200037
3883:For Japanese regulation.
3681:802.11 Standard rollups
3302:3.3 m (11 ft)
2889:35 m (115 ft)
2825:70 m (230 ft)
2774:38 m (125 ft)
2668:35 m (115 ft)
2620:35 m (115 ft)
6761:Category:IEEE standards
5281:"P802.11 Wireless LANs"
4009:For Chinese regulation.
3782:802.11-2020 (802.11md)
3751:802.11-2016 (802.11mc)
3720:802.11-2012 (802.11mb)
3689:802.11-2007 (802.11ma)
3074:30 m (98 ft)
2974:30 m (98 ft)
2581:20 m (66 ft)
5147:IEEE Std 802.11aj-2018
4658:. Wireless-Nets, Ltd.
4632:. Wireless-Nets, Ltd.
4567:. 2008. Archived from
2248:more than anticipated.
1774:The 2.4 GHz
1718:backward compatibility
1712:Backward compatibility
4815:registration required
4688:John Wiley & Sons
4027:List of WLAN channels
3832:Up to 9608 or 303336
2126:List of WLAN channels
1756:Deployment strategies
1706:block acknowledgement
4690:. pp. 519–521.
3793:Up to 866.7 or 6757
3762:Up to 866.7 or 6757
3235:(multi-carrier OOK)
1679:media access control
684:40 MHz channel
613:of 64, of which: 56
511:spatial multiplexing
452:PHY (physical layer)
5327:"TGaf PHY proposal"
5267:techblog.comsoc.org
4722:on October 4, 2009.
4609:on 17 February 2013
4474:. 29 October 2009.
4122:Per spatial stream.
4056:. 29 October 2009.
2349:Draft 7.0 approved.
2341:Draft 6.0 approved.
2325:Draft 4.0 approved.
1694:protocol data units
1692:Aggregation of MAC
1685:Aggregation of MAC
681:20 MHz channel
676:Data rate (Mbit/s)
650:
507:spatial beamforming
58:
5190:www.connect802.com
4956:. January 26, 2017
4831:. March 16, 2009.
4561:Download.Intel.com
4223:"What is Wi-Fi 8?"
4148:semfionetworks.com
4084:2013-02-03 at the
2404:September 11, 2009
2203:September 13, 2004
2187:September 15, 2003
2178:September 11, 2003
2169:September 11, 2002
1804:40 MHz below
1801:40 MHz above
1687:service data units
648:
26:
6769:
6768:
6660:
6659:
4988:. September 2009.
4745:on April 8, 2015.
4714:(Press release).
4600:www.airmagnet.com
4489:978-0-7381-6046-7
4300:MUO - Make Use Of
4079:IEEE 802.11n-2009
4071:978-0-7381-6046-7
4018:
4017:
3896:IEEE 802.11y-2008
2456:network standards
2297:September 7, 2007
2121:
2120:
1701:Frame aggregation
1672:Frame aggregation
1669:
1668:
493:(2.4 GHz).
489:(5 GHz) and
456:frame aggregation
444:IEEE 802.11w-2009
440:IEEE 802.11y-2008
436:IEEE 802.11r-2008
432:IEEE 802.11k-2008
343:frame aggregation
323:IEEE 802.11n-2009
320:
319:
6789:
5777:
5454:
5447:
5440:
5431:
5426:
5424:
5423:
5414:. Archived from
5407:
5399:
5391:
5389:
5371:
5370:
5352:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5323:
5317:
5316:
5314:
5306:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5292:
5277:
5271:
5270:
5259:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5231:
5225:
5224:
5217:
5211:
5210:
5208:
5200:
5194:
5193:
5182:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5165:
5159:
5158:
5144:
5137:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5117:
5109:
5103:
5102:
5097:. Archived from
5086:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5069:
5060:
5056:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5037:
5031:
5030:
5028:
5020:
5014:
5013:
5011:
4999:
4990:
4989:
4981:
4978:
4971:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4961:
4950:
4944:
4943:
4938:. Archived from
4928:
4922:
4921:
4919:
4917:
4911:
4897:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4878:
4866:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4846:
4837:
4836:
4825:
4819:
4818:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4793:
4787:
4786:
4771:
4765:
4764:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4741:. Archived from
4730:
4724:
4723:
4708:
4702:
4701:
4677:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4651:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4625:
4619:
4618:
4616:
4614:
4608:
4597:
4593:"802.11n Primer"
4589:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4573:
4558:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4535:. Archived from
4534:
4526:
4520:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4500:
4494:
4493:
4464:
4455:
4454:
4447:Wirevolution.com
4438:
4432:
4431:
4430:. San Francisco.
4419:
4413:
4409:
4407:
4406:
4384:
4378:
4377:
4366:
4360:
4359:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4343:
4341:
4330:ElectronicsNotes
4322:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4311:
4291:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4266:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4229:. March 25, 2023
4227:everythingrf.com
4219:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4209:
4176:
4170:
4169:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4140:
4123:
4120:
4114:
4111:
4105:
4102:
4075:
4010:
4007:
3998:
3995:
3989:
3978:
3969:
3954:
3933:
3926:
3903:
3893:
3884:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3612:
3574:
3548:
3524:
3482:
3467:
3463:
3456:
3452:
3445:
3432:
3423:
3404:
3390:
3377:
3353:
3339:
3329:
3298:
3285:
3276:
3257:
3225:
3221:
3199:
3166:
3126:
3118:
3104:
3090:
3051:
3016:
3008:
2996:
2923:
2843:
2784:
2759:
2656:
2650:
2591:
2540:
2531:
2508:
2495:
2480:Frequency
2447:
2440:
2433:
2424:
2412:October 29, 2009
2271:February 7, 2007
2262:January 19, 2007
2228:January 19, 2006
1790:
651:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
538:
534:
530:
420:IEEE 802.11-2012
388:IEEE 802.11-2007
288:
265:
59:
52:
45:
38:
6797:
6796:
6792:
6791:
6790:
6788:
6787:
6786:
6772:
6771:
6770:
6765:
6742:
6696:
6656:
6558:
6306:
6298:
6006:
5998:
5880:
5766:
5463:
5458:
5421:
5419:
5410:
5402:
5394:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5378:Further reading
5375:
5374:
5350:
5346:
5345:
5341:
5332:
5330:
5325:
5324:
5320:
5312:
5308:
5307:
5300:
5290:
5288:
5279:
5278:
5274:
5261:
5260:
5256:
5233:
5232:
5228:
5219:
5218:
5214:
5206:
5202:
5201:
5197:
5184:
5183:
5179:
5171:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5139:
5138:
5134:
5126:
5115:
5111:
5110:
5106:
5088:
5087:
5083:
5075:
5071:
5070:
5063:
5057:
5053:
5045:
5039:
5038:
5034:
5026:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5001:
5000:
4993:
4979:
4973:
4972:
4968:
4959:
4957:
4952:
4951:
4947:
4930:
4929:
4925:
4915:
4913:
4909:
4895:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4876:
4874:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4854:
4852:
4848:
4847:
4840:
4827:
4826:
4822:
4812:
4806:
4804:
4795:
4794:
4790:
4773:
4772:
4768:
4755:
4754:
4750:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4710:
4709:
4705:
4698:
4679:
4678:
4674:
4665:
4663:
4653:
4652:
4648:
4639:
4637:
4627:
4626:
4622:
4612:
4610:
4606:
4595:
4591:
4590:
4586:
4577:
4575:
4571:
4556:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4539:
4532:
4528:
4527:
4523:
4514:
4512:
4502:
4501:
4497:
4490:
4466:
4465:
4458:
4440:
4439:
4435:
4421:
4420:
4416:
4404:
4402:
4391:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4368:
4367:
4363:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4339:
4337:
4324:
4323:
4319:
4309:
4307:
4293:
4292:
4288:
4279:
4277:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4232:
4230:
4221:
4220:
4216:
4207:
4205:
4178:
4177:
4173:
4160:
4159:
4155:
4142:
4141:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4126:
4121:
4117:
4112:
4108:
4103:
4099:
4094:
4086:Wayback Machine
4072:
4048:
4045:
4023:
4014:
4013:
4008:
4001:
3996:
3992:
3979:
3972:
3955:
3936:
3928:Based on short
3927:
3906:
3894:
3887:
3882:
3878:
3873:
3856:
3819:
3638:
3610:
3595:
3575:
3564:
3546:
3544:
3536:
3495:
3465:
3461:
3454:
3450:
3443:
3430:
3428:
3421:
3419:
3388:
3375:
3373:
3368:
3337:
3327:
3325:
3296:
3283:
3281:
3274:
3272:
3247:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3181:
3174:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3152:
3143:
3132:
3116:
3111:
3102:
3097:
3088:
3083:
3066:
3059:
3049:
3034:
3023:
3006:
2994:
2966:
2959:
2936:
2930:
2881:
2874:
2850:
2817:
2791:
2685:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2636:September 1999
2599:September 1999
2538:
2529:
2496:
2487:
2476:
2465:
2463:
2457:
2451:
2422:
2163:
2147:
2134:
1794:
1772:
1758:
1714:
1674:
1627:Asymmetric mod.
1602:Asymmetric mod.
1577:Asymmetric mod.
701:400 ns GI
671:
665:
660:
655:
584:
575:
571:
567:
563:
560:4 × 4 : 4.
559:
554:2 × 3 : 2.
553:
549:
545:
541:
536:
532:
528:
527:
523:
515:Alamouti coding
499:
428:
315:
286:
263:
83:
81:
76:
74:
66:
57:
56:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6795:
6793:
6785:
6784:
6774:
6773:
6767:
6766:
6764:
6763:
6758:
6753:
6747:
6744:
6743:
6741:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6704:
6702:
6698:
6697:
6695:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6668:
6666:
6662:
6661:
6658:
6657:
6655:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6568:
6566:
6560:
6559:
6557:
6556:
6544:
6541:
6538:
6535:
6532:
6520:
6517:
6514:
6509:
6506:
6503:
6498:
6486:
6483:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6457:
6447:
6435:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6314:
6312:
6300:
6299:
6297:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6276:
6271:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6014:
6012:
6000:
5999:
5997:
5996:
5991:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5890:
5888:
5882:
5881:
5879:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5847:
5846:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5785:
5783:
5774:
5768:
5767:
5765:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5498:
5497:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5471:
5469:
5465:
5464:
5461:IEEE standards
5459:
5457:
5456:
5449:
5442:
5434:
5428:
5427:
5408:
5400:
5392:
5379:
5376:
5373:
5372:
5339:
5318:
5298:
5272:
5254:
5226:
5212:
5195:
5177:
5160:
5149:. April 2018.
5132:
5129:on 2014-08-16.
5104:
5101:on 2008-11-24.
5081:
5061:
5051:
5032:
5015:
4991:
4985:Wi-Fi Alliance
4966:
4945:
4942:on 2010-07-26.
4923:
4884:
4869:Rosdahl, Jon.
4861:
4838:
4820:
4788:
4785:on 2008-12-22.
4766:
4763:on 2008-04-11.
4748:
4725:
4716:Wi-Fi Alliance
4703:
4697:978-0470769041
4696:
4672:
4646:
4620:
4584:
4545:
4542:on 2009-01-06.
4521:
4495:
4488:
4456:
4433:
4414:
4379:
4361:
4347:
4317:
4286:
4261:
4240:
4214:
4171:
4153:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4115:
4106:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4088:
4076:
4070:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4011:
3999:
3990:
3986:guard interval
3982:guard interval
3970:
3958:guard interval
3934:
3930:guard interval
3904:
3885:
3876:
3853:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3827:2.4, 5, 6, 60
3825:
3817:September 2024
3814:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3785:December 2020
3783:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3754:December 2016
3752:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3743:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3644:
3630:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3617:
3614:
3607:
3604:
3601:
3590:
3585:
3570:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3541:
3538:
3533:
3530:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3491:
3490:February 2014
3488:
3483:
3478:
3470:
3469:
3458:
3447:
3437:
3434:
3425:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3405:
3399:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3382:
3379:
3370:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3334:
3331:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3290:
3287:
3278:
3269:
3266:
3265:December 2012
3263:
3258:
3253:
3243:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3230:
3227:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3171:
3168:
3157:
3154:
3149:
3138:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3099:
3093:
3092:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3056:
3053:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3029:
3018:
3011:
3010:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2983:
2979:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2925:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2858:December 2013
2856:
2845:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2786:
2779:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2761:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2745:
2742:
2741:December 2022
2739:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2712:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2701:November 2008
2699:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2682:
2681:November 2004
2679:
2673:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2661:
2658:
2651:MHz bandwidth,
2643:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2608:1, 2, 5.5, 11
2606:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2548:
2542:
2534:
2533:
2526:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2517:Outdoor
2515:
2511:
2510:
2504:
2501:
2491:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2459:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2339:
2338:September 2008
2335:
2334:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2298:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2162:
2159:
2155:guard interval
2146:
2143:
2138:Wi-Fi Alliance
2133:
2130:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1771:
1768:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1742:
1713:
1710:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
996:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
970:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
954:
951:
948:
944:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
918:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
892:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
866:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
844:
840:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
814:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
792:
789:
785:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
759:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
738:
735:
731:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
710:
707:
703:
702:
699:
698:800 ns GI
696:
695:400 ns GI
693:
686:
685:
682:
678:
677:
674:
667:
662:
657:
589:guard interval
583:
580:
576:3 × 3 : 3
572:3 × 2 : 2
568:2 × 3 : 2
564:2 × 2 : 2
522:
519:
498:
495:
427:
424:
377:gross bit rate
331:Wi-Fi Alliance
318:
317:
293:
292:
289:
284:
283:expected 2028
281:
276:
270:
269:
266:
260:
259:expected 2024
257:
252:
246:
245:
242:
236:
235:
232:
229:
226:
221:
215:
214:
211:
208:
205:
200:
194:
193:
190:
187:
184:
179:
175:
174:
171:
168:
163:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
140:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
117:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
94:
86:
85:
78:
71:
68:
63:
55:
54:
47:
40:
32:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6794:
6783:
6780:
6779:
6777:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6748:
6745:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6705:
6703:
6699:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6669:
6667:
6663:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6597:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6577:
6573:
6570:
6569:
6567:
6565:
6561:
6554:
6550:
6549:
6545:
6542:
6539:
6536:
6533:
6530:
6526:
6525:
6521:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6496:
6492:
6491:
6487:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6458:
6455:
6451:
6448:
6445:
6441:
6440:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6390:
6386:
6385:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6305:
6301:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6149:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6122:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6095:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6005:
6001:
5995:
5992:
5989:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5887:
5883:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5845:
5844:WiMAX · d · e
5842:
5841:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5786:
5784:
5782:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5769:
5763:
5760:
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5472:
5470:
5466:
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5450:
5448:
5443:
5441:
5436:
5435:
5432:
5418:on 2015-12-22
5417:
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5368:
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5305:
5303:
5299:
5287:on 2017-12-06
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4744:
4740:
4739:Network World
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4650:
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4621:
4605:
4601:
4594:
4588:
4585:
4574:on 2009-01-26
4570:
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4401:on 2018-12-05
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3599:
3594:
3593:December 2023
3591:
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3262:
3259:
3251:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3207:October 2021
3206:
3204:
3201:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3180:
3177:
3172:
3169:
3158:
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2866:
2863:
2854:
2849:
2839:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2821:
2816:
2807:
2804:
2799:October 2009
2795:
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2780:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2756:
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2560:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2535:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2514:Indoor
2512:
2499:
2490:
2460:
2455:
2448:
2443:
2441:
2436:
2434:
2429:
2428:
2425:
2419:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2396:July 17, 2009
2395:
2394:
2390:
2388:June 23, 2009
2387:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2371:April 4, 2009
2370:
2369:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2346:November 2008
2345:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2305:November 2007
2304:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2289:June 25, 2007
2288:
2287:
2282:
2280:March 9, 2007
2279:
2278:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2253:November 2006
2252:
2251:
2246:
2243:
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2238:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2218:
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2209:
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2201:
2197:
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2189:
2186:
2185:
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2171:
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2156:
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2144:
2142:
2139:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2096:
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2090:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
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1932:
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1926:
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1911:
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1900:
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1883:
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1811:
1808:
1807:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1763:band steering
1755:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1711:
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1527:
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1513:
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1507:
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1501:
1498:
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1397:
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1371:
1368:
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1357:
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1299:
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1227:
1224:
1221:
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1215:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
998:
997:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
972:
971:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
946:
945:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
920:
919:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
894:
893:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
868:
867:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
842:
841:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
816:
815:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
797:
793:
787:
786:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
761:
760:
756:
753:
750:
747:
744:
742:
739:
733:
732:
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
714:
711:
705:
704:
700:
697:
694:
692:
688:
687:
679:
673:
652:
646:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
607:
605:
601:
599:
592:
590:
581:
579:
556:
520:
518:
516:
512:
508:
504:
497:Data encoding
496:
494:
492:
488:
482:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
425:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
384:
382:
378:
374:
373:net data rate
370:
366:
361:
359:
355:
351:
348:As the first
346:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
313:
309:
305:
301:
298:
294:
280:
277:
275:
272:
271:
256:
253:
251:
248:
247:
241:
238:
237:
225:
220:
217:
216:
204:
201:
199:
196:
195:
183:
180:
177:
176:
167:
164:
161:
157:
156:
144:
141:
138:
134:
133:
121:
118:
115:
111:
110:
98:
95:
92:
88:
87:
79:
72:
69:
64:
61:
60:
53:
48:
46:
41:
39:
34:
33:
30:
22:
6750:
6546:
6522:
6488:
6437:
6383:
6382:
6146:
6119:
6092:
5420:. Retrieved
5416:the original
5358:
5354:
5342:
5331:. Retrieved
5321:
5289:. Retrieved
5285:the original
5275:
5266:
5257:
5238:
5229:
5215:
5198:
5189:
5180:
5163:
5146:
5135:
5124:the original
5119:
5107:
5099:the original
5095:Wi-Fi Planet
5094:
5084:
5054:
5041:
5035:
5018:
4983:
4969:
4958:. Retrieved
4948:
4940:the original
4926:
4914:. Retrieved
4899:
4887:
4875:. Retrieved
4873:. p. 10
4864:
4853:. Retrieved
4823:
4805:. Retrieved
4791:
4783:the original
4778:
4769:
4761:the original
4751:
4743:the original
4738:
4728:
4720:the original
4706:
4682:
4675:
4664:. Retrieved
4654:Geier, Jim.
4649:
4638:. Retrieved
4628:Geier, Jim.
4623:
4611:. Retrieved
4604:the original
4599:
4587:
4576:. Retrieved
4569:the original
4560:
4548:
4537:the original
4524:
4513:. Retrieved
4498:
4467:
4446:
4436:
4427:
4417:
4403:. Retrieved
4399:the original
4394:
4387:張俊傑 (2008).
4382:
4373:
4364:
4350:
4338:. Retrieved
4329:
4320:
4308:. Retrieved
4299:
4289:
4278:. Retrieved
4274:
4264:
4243:
4231:. Retrieved
4226:
4217:
4206:. Retrieved
4190:
4184:
4174:
4165:
4156:
4147:
4138:
4118:
4109:
4100:
4049:
3993:
3980:The default
3879:
3816:
3666:
3633:
3603:800–1000 nm
3592:
3503:Up to 568.9
3427:Up to 303336
3292:
3216:0.0625, 0.25
3140:
3031:
2808:Up to 288.8
2793:
2788:
2574:
2545:
2380:May 15, 2009
2354:January 2009
2313:January 2008
2195:May 17, 2004
2164:
2150:
2148:
2135:
2122:
1798:20 MHz
1781:
1773:
1762:
1759:
1715:
1699:
1675:
689:800 ns
642:
639:microseconds
608:
603:
596:
593:
585:
557:
524:
500:
483:
476:
429:
394:is a set of
385:
362:
347:
334:
326:
322:
321:
311:
307:
303:
299:
296:
181:
160:Wi-Fi 3
159:
137:Wi-Fi 2
136:
114:Wi-Fi 1
113:
91:Wi-Fi 0
90:
6782:IEEE 802.11
6323:legacy mode
4340:10 November
4233:January 21,
3788:2.4, 5, 60
3757:2.4, 5, 60
3723:March 2012
3692:March 2007
3654:850–900 nm
3647:802.11-1997
3473:Sub 1 GHz (
3372:Up to 15015
3361:April 2018
3315:April 2018
3222:kbit/s, 250
3173:Multi-link
3153:42, 60, 71
3151:2.4, 5, 6,
2985:Up to 2294
2952:Up to 1147
2916:Up to 6933
2908:Up to 3467
2900:Up to 1600
2551:802.11-1997
2503:Modulation
2244:May 2, 2006
1741:protection.
619:pilot tones
426:Description
410:, 802.11n,
62:Generation
31:generations
6701:Superseded
5772:802 series
5422:2015-12-16
5333:2013-12-29
4960:2017-02-12
4855:2024-04-23
4807:2008-07-18
4666:2008-07-30
4640:2008-07-30
4578:2015-12-16
4515:2009-08-11
4405:2018-11-29
4310:9 November
4280:2019-05-02
4255:2303.10442
4208:2024-05-21
4166:wiisfi.com
4130:References
4037:WiMAX MIMO
3966:multi-path
3731:Up to 150
3651:June 1997
3543:Up to 8.67
3418:Up to 8640
3412:July 2021
3324:Up to 3754
3280:Up to 8085
3115:Up to 46.1
3112:(160+160)
3048:Up to 11.5
3042:2.4, 5, 6
3005:Up to 11.0
2946:2.4, 5, 6
2867:Up to 693
2836:Up to 600
2768:June 2003
2720:July 2010
2642:5, 10, 20
2555:June 1997
2483:Bandwidth
2462:Frequency
2420:Comparison
2415:Published.
2362:March 2009
2236:March 2006
2211:March 2005
664:Modulation
582:Data rates
381:throughput
291:2.4, 5, 6
268:2.4, 5, 6
244:2.4, 5, 6
6576:Bluetooth
5120:LitePoint
5009:1307.2661
4916:10 August
4779:wi-fi.org
4275:The Verge
3813:802.11me
3700:Up to 54
3609:Up to 9.6
3535:0.7, 0.8,
3532:May 2017
3510:MIMO-OFDM
3098:(160+80)
2993:Up to 5.5
2943:May 2021
2815:MIMO-OFDM
2489:data rate
2472:Protocol
2330:July 2008
2219:July 2005
1646:77 – 127
604:MCS index
503:precoding
460:MAC layer
231:0.4–9608
210:6.5–6933
82:frequency
75:link rate
67:standard
6776:Category
6751:See also
6708:754-1985
6665:Proposed
6009:Ethernet
5495:Revision
4907:Archived
4901:IEEE 802
4877:July 13,
4833:Archived
4801:Archived
4660:Archived
4634:Archived
4509:Archived
4451:Archived
4393:. 每月焦點.
4334:Archived
4304:Archived
4082:Archived
4043:Standard
4021:See also
3588:802.11bb
3528:802.11ah
3500:6, 7, 8
3486:802.11af
3446:carrier
3442:, single
3433:Gbit/s)
3408:802.11ay
3391:carrier
3387:, single
3378:Gbit/s)
3357:802.11aj
3330:Gbit/s)
3311:802.11aj
3295:, single
3286:Gbit/s)
3261:802.11ad
3226:kbit/s)
3203:802.11ba
3167:Gbit/s)
3141:May 2028
3130:802.11bn
3101:Up to 35
3087:Up to 23
3084:(80+80)
3032:Sep 2024
3021:802.11be
2938:Wi-Fi 6E
2928:802.11ax
2848:802.11ac
2744:5.9, 60
2737:802.11bd
2684:4.9, 5.0
2500:streams
2475:Release
2466:or type
2322:May 2008
2161:Timeline
1795:channel
1776:ISM band
1651:Reserved
1641:Depends
1621:53 – 76
1616:Depends
1596:39 – 52
1591:Depends
1571:33 – 38
661:streams
643:includes
641:, which
535: :
416:802.11ax
412:802.11ac
279:802.11bn
255:802.11be
240:Wi-Fi 6E
224:802.11ax
203:802.11ac
189:6.5–600
178:Wi-Fi 4
70:Adopted
6692:P1906.1
6553:Wi-Fi 8
6529:Wi-Fi 7
6495:Wi-Fi 6
6444:Wi-Fi 5
6389:Wi-Fi 4
5468:Current
4936:IEEE-SA
4472:IEEE-SA
4411:Alt URL
4395:新通訊元件雜誌
4054:IEEE-SA
3726:2.4, 5
3695:2.4, 5
3686:
3613:Gbit/s
3246:mmWave
3210:2.4, 5
3176:MU-MIMO
3161:100000
3135:Wi-Fi 8
3119:Gbit/s
3105:Gbit/s
3091:Gbit/s
3061:MU-MIMO
3052:Gbit/s
3026:Wi-Fi 7
3017:-OFDMA
3009:Gbit/s
2997:Gbit/s
2961:MU-MIMO
2933:Wi-Fi 6
2924:-OFDMA
2876:MU-MIMO
2853:Wi-Fi 5
2802:2.4, 5
2794:Wi-Fi 4
2789:802.11n
2764:802.11g
2716:802.11p
2697:802.11y
2677:802.11j
2647:(for 20
2632:802.11a
2617:, DSSS
2595:802.11b
2590:HR/DSSS
2507:Approx.
2464:range,
2151:draft-n
2145:draft-n
1827:Blocks
1821:2nd ch.
1812:2nd ch.
1793:Primary
1730:802.11a
1726:802.11b
1722:802.11g
1638:Depends
1635:Depends
1632:Depends
1613:Depends
1610:Depends
1607:Depends
1588:Depends
1585:Depends
1582:Depends
659:Spatial
491:802.11g
487:802.11a
468:Super G
458:to the
408:802.11g
404:802.11b
400:802.11a
369:802.11g
365:802.11a
335:Wi-Fi 4
327:802.11n
300:Wi‑Fi 0
287:100,000
274:Wi-Fi 8
250:Wi-Fi 7
234:2.4, 5
219:Wi-Fi 6
198:Wi-Fi 5
192:2.4, 5
182:802.11n
166:802.11g
143:802.11a
120:802.11b
77:(Mb/s)
73:Maximum
6596:Zigbee
6564:802.15
6304:802.11
5542:1149.1
5291:Dec 6,
4694:
4486:
4193:(10).
4068:
3611:
3563:Light
3547:
3494:0.054–
3466:
3464:m (328
3462:
3455:
3451:
3444:
3431:
3422:
3389:
3376:
3338:
3336:single
3328:
3297:
3284:
3275:
3224:
3220:
3213:4, 20
3182:(8192-
3165:
3159:Up to
3117:
3103:
3089:
3067:(4096-
3050:
3007:
3002:80+80
2995:
2967:(1024-
2844:-OFDM
2785:-OFDM
2760:-OFDM
2655:
2649:
2544:DSSS,
2539:
2530:Mbit/s
2525:(MHz)
2522:(GHz)
2509:range
2486:Stream
2454:802.11
1824:Center
1818:Blocks
1815:Center
1809:Blocks
1525:64-QAM
1499:64-QAM
1473:64-QAM
1447:16-QAM
1421:16-QAM
1317:64-QAM
1291:64-QAM
1265:64-QAM
1239:16-QAM
1213:16-QAM
1109:64-QAM
1083:64-QAM
1057:64-QAM
1031:16-QAM
1005:16-QAM
901:64-QAM
875:64-QAM
849:64-QAM
823:16-QAM
670:Coding
656:index
633:or 64-
570:, and
464:Xpress
442:, and
392:802.11
310:, and
264:23,059
97:802.11
84:(GHz)
6687:P1823
6682:P1699
6677:P1619
6672:P1363
6454:WiGig
6318:-1997
6309:Wi-Fi
6018:-1983
6004:802.3
5886:802.1
5762:42010
5757:29148
5752:16326
5747:16085
5742:14764
5737:12207
5732:11073
5388:(PDF)
5351:(PDF)
5313:(PDF)
5207:(PDF)
5172:(PDF)
5127:(PDF)
5116:(PDF)
5076:(PDF)
5046:(PDF)
5027:(PDF)
5004:arXiv
4980:(PDF)
4910:(PDF)
4896:(PDF)
4613:3 May
4607:(PDF)
4596:(PDF)
4572:(PDF)
4565:Intel
4557:(PDF)
4540:(PDF)
4533:(PDF)
4250:arXiv
4092:Notes
3962:OFDMA
3660:1, 2
3567:Li-Fi
3549:MHz)
3540:1–16
3453:m (33
3424:GHz)
3420:(8.64
3369:1080
3326:(3.75
3321:1080
3277:GHz)
3273:(2.16
3250:WiGig
3218:(62.5
3064:OFDMA
3058:UL/DL
2964:OFDMA
2958:UL/DL
2882:(256-
2748:500 m
2727:200 m
2657:MHz)
2628:OFDM
2564:1, 2
2477:date
2275:2007.
2223:2009.
2117:7–13
2105:11–13
2097:6–13
2085:10–13
2077:5–13
2057:4–12
2037:3–11
2011:2–10
1534:288.8
1482:231.2
1456:173.2
1430:115.6
1326:216.7
1303:364.5
1297:175.5
1274:173.3
1199:121.5
1118:144.4
1066:115.6
887:121.5
666:type
629:, 16-
602:, or
600:index
472:Nitro
350:Wi-Fi
325:, or
228:2021
207:2013
186:2009
170:2003
150:6–54
147:1999
127:1–11
124:1999
101:1997
80:Radio
29:Wi-Fi
6738:1471
6733:1364
6728:1362
6723:1233
6718:1219
5988:LACP
5727:2050
5722:2030
5717:1905
5712:1904
5707:1902
5702:1901
5697:1900
5692:1855
5687:1850
5682:1849
5677:1815
5672:1801
5667:1800
5662:1733
5657:1722
5652:1685
5647:1675
5642:1667
5637:1666
5632:1619
5627:1613
5622:1603
5617:1596
5612:1588
5607:1584
5602:1547
5597:1541
5592:1516
5587:1497
5582:1451
5577:1394
5572:1355
5567:1284
5562:1278
5557:1275
5552:1164
5547:1154
5537:1076
5532:1016
5527:1014
5522:1003
5293:2017
4918:2009
4879:2018
4692:ISBN
4615:2018
4484:ISBN
4374:CNET
4342:2021
4312:2021
4235:2024
4195:IEEE
4066:ISBN
3842:OFDM
3838:DSSS
3822:est.
3803:OFDM
3799:DSSS
3772:OFDM
3768:DSSS
3741:OFDM
3737:DSSS
3710:OFDM
3706:DSSS
3641:IrDA
3621:OFDM
3598:est.
3537:0.9
3496:0.79
3481:TVHT
3468:ft)
3457:ft)
3440:OFDM
3429:(303
3403:EDMG
3385:OFDM
3367:540,
3352:CMMG
3293:OFDM
3271:2160
3179:OFDM
3163:(100
3156:320
3146:est.
3037:est.
2913:160
2879:OFDM
2818:(64-
2771:2.4
2723:5.9
2704:3.7
2664:OFDM
2602:2.4
2576:FHSS
2571:DSSS
2558:2.4
2546:FHSS
2541:GHz
2498:MIMO
2494:Max.
2469:PHY
2136:The
2065:9–13
2045:8–12
2028:7–13
2019:7–11
2002:6–13
1993:6–10
1985:1–9
1976:5–13
1959:1–8
1950:4–12
1933:1–7
1924:3–11
1904:2–10
1785:mean
1728:and
1566:6.7
1554:1/4
1551:BPSK
1540:600
1528:5/6
1514:540
1502:3/4
1488:480
1476:2/3
1462:360
1450:3/4
1436:240
1424:1/2
1410:180
1404:86.8
1398:3/4
1395:QPSK
1384:120
1378:57.6
1372:1/2
1369:QPSK
1352:28.8
1346:1/2
1343:BPSK
1332:450
1320:5/6
1306:405
1294:3/4
1280:360
1268:2/3
1254:270
1242:3/4
1228:180
1222:86.7
1216:1/2
1202:135
1193:58.5
1190:3/4
1187:QPSK
1170:43.3
1164:1/2
1161:QPSK
1147:40.5
1144:21.7
1141:19.5
1138:1/2
1135:BPSK
1124:300
1112:5/6
1098:270
1086:3/4
1072:240
1060:2/3
1046:180
1040:86.7
1034:3/4
1020:120
1014:57.8
1008:1/2
988:43.3
982:3/4
979:QPSK
962:28.9
956:1/2
953:QPSK
936:14.4
930:1/2
927:BPSK
916:150
910:72.2
904:5/6
890:135
881:58.5
878:3/4
864:120
858:57.8
852:2/3
832:43.3
826:3/4
806:28.9
800:1/2
780:40.5
777:21.7
774:19.5
771:3/4
768:QPSK
751:14.4
745:1/2
741:QPSK
726:13.5
717:1/2
713:BPSK
672:rate
627:QPSK
623:BPSK
615:OFDM
470:and
454:and
414:and
396:IEEE
367:and
358:OFDM
354:MIMO
262:0.4–
173:2.4
130:2.4
107:2.4
104:1–2
65:IEEE
6713:830
6637:.4z
6632:.4g
6627:.4f
6622:.4e
6617:.4d
6612:.4c
6607:.4b
6602:.4a
5929:Qbb
5924:Qaz
5919:Qay
5914:Qat
5909:Qav
5876:.24
5871:.22
5866:.21
5861:.20
5856:.18
5851:.17
5839:.16
5834:.14
5829:.12
5824:.10
5781:802
5517:896
5512:829
5507:828
5502:854
5490:754
5485:730
5480:693
5475:488
5363:doi
5243:doi
5151:doi
4476:doi
4199:doi
4058:doi
3900:FCC
3668:PPM
3606:20
3582:OWC
3578:VLC
3545:(@2
3523:S1G
3475:IoT
3460:100
3415:60
3374:(15
3364:45
3318:60
3268:60
3256:DMG
3233:OOK
3198:WUR
3184:QAM
3170:16
3125:UHR
3110:320
3096:240
3082:160
3069:QAM
3055:16
3045:80
3015:EHT
2990:80
2982:40
2969:QAM
2949:20
2905:80
2897:40
2884:QAM
2864:20
2842:VHT
2833:40
2820:QAM
2805:20
2758:ERP
2615:CCK
2605:22
2561:22
2537:1–7
1967:5–9
1941:4–8
1915:3–7
1895:2–6
1884:1–9
1875:1–5
1864:1–8
1855:1–4
1844:1–7
1835:1–3
1746:CTS
1739:CTS
1563:6.0
1545:32
1537:540
1531:260
1519:31
1511:486
1508:260
1505:234
1493:30
1485:432
1479:208
1467:29
1459:324
1453:156
1441:28
1433:216
1427:104
1415:27
1407:162
1389:26
1381:108
1363:25
1358:60
1337:24
1329:405
1323:195
1311:23
1300:195
1285:22
1277:324
1271:156
1259:21
1251:243
1248:130
1245:117
1233:20
1225:162
1207:19
1181:18
1176:90
1155:17
1150:45
1129:16
1121:270
1115:130
1103:15
1095:243
1092:130
1089:117
1077:14
1069:216
1063:104
1051:13
1043:162
1025:12
1017:108
999:11
994:90
973:10
968:60
942:30
913:135
861:108
838:90
812:60
796:QAM
794:16-
783:45
757:30
729:15
723:7.2
720:6.5
654:MCS
635:QAM
631:QAM
611:FFT
162:*)
139:*)
116:*)
93:*)
6778::
6652:.7
6647:.6
6642:.5
6592:.4
6587:.3
6582:.2
6572:.1
6548:bn
6543:bk
6540:bi
6537:bh
6534:bf
6524:be
6519:bd
6516:bc
6512:bb
6508:ba
6505:az
6501:ay
6490:ax
6485:aq
6482:ak
6478:aj
6473:ai
6468:ah
6463:af
6459:ae
6450:ad
6439:ac
6434:aa
6294:df
6289:de
6284:dd
6279:db
6274:da
6269:cz
6264:cy
6259:cx
6254:cw
6249:cv
6244:cu
6239:ct
6234:cs
6229:cr
6224:cq
6219:cp
6214:cn
6209:cm
6204:ck
6199:ch
6194:cg
6189:ce
6184:cd
6179:cc
6174:cb
6169:ca
6164:bz
6159:by
6154:bu
6148:bt
6142:ba
6137:az
6132:av
6127:au
6121:at
6115:aq
6110:an
6105:ak
6100:ah
6094:af
6088:ae
6083:ad
6078:ac
6073:ab
5994:BA
5984:AX
5979:AS
5974:aq
5969:ak
5964:ah
5959:ag
5954:AE
5949:ad
5944:AB
5819:.9
5814:.8
5809:.7
5804:.6
5799:.5
5794:.4
5789:.2
5357:.
5353:.
5301:^
5265:.
5237:.
5188:.
5145:.
5118:.
5093:.
5064:^
4994:^
4982:.
4934:.
4898:.
4841:^
4799:.
4777:.
4737:.
4686:.
4598:.
4563:.
4559:.
4507:.
4482:.
4470:.
4459:^
4449:.
4445:.
4426:.
4372:.
4332:.
4328:.
4302:.
4298:.
4273:.
4225:.
4197:.
4191:60
4189:.
4183:.
4164:.
4146:.
4064:.
4052:.
4002:^
3973:^
3937:^
3907:^
3888:^
3857:^
3840:,
3824:)
3801:,
3770:,
3739:,
3708:,
3676:?
3673:?
3663:—
3657:?
3643:)
3635:IR
3628:?
3625:?
3619:O-
3616:—
3600:)
3584:)
3573:LC
3569:)
3558:?
3555:?
3552:4
3517:?
3514:?
3506:4
3477:)
3449:10
3436:8
3397:?
3394:?
3381:4
3346:?
3343:?
3333:—
3305:?
3289:—
3282:(8
3252:)
3241:?
3238:?
3229:—
3192:?
3189:?
3186:)
3148:)
3137:)
3071:)
3039:)
3028:)
2971:)
2955:8
2940:)
2922:HE
2892:?
2886:)
2873:DL
2870:8
2861:5
2855:)
2822:)
2811:4
2796:)
2783:HT
2707:?
2691:?
2688:?
2660:—
2639:5
2611:—
2573:,
2567:—
2532:)
2128:.
2114:11
2102:13
2094:10
2082:12
2062:11
2042:10
2025:11
2022:13
1999:10
1996:12
1970:11
1944:10
1907:—
1887:—
1867:—
1847:—
1724:,
1665:—
1624:4
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