390:
flight time. Where a simulator is permitted, no more than 100 hours (of which 25 may be in basic instrument training devices) may be credited towards the issue of the licence. Of the 1,500 hours, the applicant is to have completed 250 hours as PIC of which 150 may be PICUS (pilot-in-command under supervision), 200 hours cross-country of which 100 must be as PIC or PICUS, 75 hours instrument time of which not more than 30 may be instrument ground time, 100 hours night flight as PIC or co-pilot and 500 hours in multi-pilot operations in aeroplanes with a maximum take-off weight of at least 5700 kg.
377:
have completed an approved course of aeroplanes) including 100 hours flying experience acting as the pilot in command (abbreviated to 70 hours for applicants who have completed an approved course of aeroplanes), 20 hours cross-country flying experience with at least one solo flight of not fewer than 300 nautical miles with full-stop landings at two or more different aerodromes, 10 hours instrument instruction of which no more than five may be instrument ground time and five hours of night instruction including five take-offs and landings if the privileges are to be exercised at night.
307:, i.e. any form of reward, either financial or in kind. However, subject to national restrictions governing the soliciting of passengers to be carried on board an aircraft operated by a PPL holder, and in addition to several other requirements, a PPL holder may carry passengers who make a remunerative contribution toward the direct cost of the flights.
627:
In the United
Kingdom in 2021, there were 9723 holders of the UK Part-FCL ATPL(A), of which 484 were women, and 5183 holders of the UK Part-FCL CPL(A), of which 339 were women. There were 13197 holders of the UK Part-FCL PPL(A), 1945 holders of the UK Part-FCL LAPL(A), 9275 holders of the UK PPL(A),
550:
The
Instrument Rating (Restricted) is a simplified version of the IR with fewer privileges. The IR(R) allows flight in IMC but only in certain classes of airspace and with restrictions on conditions for take-off and landing. It is a national rating, meaning it is not ordinarily recognised outside the
310:
A flying instructor rating may be included, subject to requirements under UK Part-FCL being satisfied, in a UK Part-FCL PPL provided the applicant has successfully completed a number of additional examinations, training course and assessment. Such a person giving instruction in flying training may be
264:
licence meaning the holder is limited to operating only UK-registered aircraft and it cannot be used outside of the UK without permission from the regulatory authorities of any foreign jurisdictions whose airspace the holder intends to operate into. The holder, when operating under the privileges of
464:
To fly most light aircraft, a pilot must have a valid Single Engine Piston (SEP) or Multi Engine Piston (MEP) rating. These are class ratings. A Single Engine Piston rating lasts 24 months, when the pilot must pass a proficiency check with an examiner, or demonstrate meeting the minimum flight time
376:
Applicants for a commercial pilot licence must be at least 18 years old, hold a valid UK Part-FCL Class 1 medical certificate, have met the specified practical and theoretical training requirements laid down in UK Part-FCL: including at least 200 hours of flying time (150 hours for applicants who
368:
allows the holder to act as the pilot in command of an aircraft for valuable consideration in single pilot operations. It also permits the holder to act as a co-pilot of a multi-crew aircraft for which they are qualified subject to their (i) holding a valid certificate of multi-crew co-operation,
389:
may act as the commander of a multi-crew aircraft under IFR. An applicant for an ATPL must be at least 21 years old, hold a valid class 1 medical certificate, a type rating for a multi-crew aircraft and have completed the required theoretical and flight training and have at least 1,500 hours of
582:. For the PPL, a Class 2 Medical is required, which can be issued by an AeroMedical Examiner (AME). For the CPL, a Class 1 Medical is required. Initial Class 1 Medical examinations must be carried out by an Aero-Medical Centre (AeMC), but revalidations can be issued by an AeroMedical Examiner.
507:
There is no Multi Engine
Turbine (MET) class rating, as multi engine turbine and all jet powered aircraft require a type rating. To add these to their licence a pilot must undergo a course of training and pass an additional skills test. Differences training is also required for certain complex
492:
aircraft, retractable undercarriage, variable-pitch propeller, turbocharged engine, EFIS (Electronic Flight
Information Systems), single level operation and cabin pressurisation. There is no formal test for any difference training; the training is signed off as satisfactorily completed in the
566:
ratings extend the holder's privileges to act, respectively, as an instructor and to act as an examiner for proficiency checks and skill tests. These ratings both exist in a variety of forms whose domains, or ranges of privileges, are for specified aircraft operations.
442:
In addition to their licence, a pilot will obtain one or more ratings. These are qualifications which allow a pilot to fly certain aircraft or in certain conditions. UK licences do not expire; however, to use the licence a pilot must have an appropriate rating.
543:
A single engine IR(A) course requires at least 50 hours of instrument time with an instructor. A multi-engine IR(A) requires at least 55 hours instrument time with an instructor. Pilots who already hold a CPL are credited with 10 hours, to avoid repetition.
228:
Balloon licensing does not follow the PPL-CPL-ATPL progression. The BPL (balloon pilot licence) is considered the equivalent of a
Private Pilot Licence; however, BPL holders may operate commercially once they hold a commercial operation licence.
219:
Gliding does not follow the PPL-CPL-ATPL progression. An SPL holder may operate commercially once they have completed 75 hours of flight time or 200 launches after the issue of their licence, and have passed a proficiency check with an examiner.
323:
flight time. Up to 5 hours of instruction may be undertaken in an approved simulator. Pilots must also undergo a solo flight of at least 150 nautical miles, including full stop landings at two aerodromes different from the departure aerodrome.
211:
and its affiliated clubs. However, from
December 2023 they will require a CAA issued LAPL(S) (or the international Sailplane Pilot Licence (SPL)) to fly UK Part-21 sailplanes. The UK NPPL has close links with the gliding community and a
314:
Applicants for a private pilot licence must be at least 17 years old, hold a valid UK Part-MED Class 2 medical certificate, and have met the specified practical and theoretical training requirements laid down in UK Part-FCL.
551:
UK. It had previously been agreed that pilots who already held the rating before April 2014 would be allowed to use it indefinitely within the UK and to transfer it to a new UK PPL as an
Instrument Rating (Restricted).
318:
PPL courses require at least 45 hours of flight instruction. This must include at least 25 hours of dual flight instruction, at least 10 hours of supervised solo flight time, and at least 5 hours of solo
884:
615:
To convert a third country CPL, it is necessary to complete a course of flight training with a
British air training organisation (ATO). The minimum flight training required depends on prior experience.
585:
For UK licences other than Part-FCL licences, a pilot may make a Pilot
Medical Declaration (PMD) instead of gaining a medical certificate. PMDs are not automatically recognised outside of UK airspace.
183:
The licence held by a pilot confers privileges on the sort of flying they may carry out—broadly, whether or not they may receive remuneration for doing so—and are independent of any aircraft
1379:
288:-recognised licence, and offers similar privileges to those of the NPPL. It is not recognised outside the UK and has three variants for Aeroplanes, Sailplanes and Helicopters.
241:
is a restricted form of the PPL introduced in 2002 for recreational pilots. It has a less stringent medical requirement than the UK Part-FCL PPL and a reduced flying syllabus.
578:
For UK Part-FCL licences, a UK Part-Med certificate is required. UK Part-Med was inherited from EASA Part-Med. For the LAPL, an LAPL medical certificate can be issued by some
327:
In addition to the practical training requirements, nine multiple choice theory examinations must be passed. The pass mark for every exam is 75%; the nine subjects are:
991:
810:
784:
1374:
1369:
892:
1016:
369:(ii) having successfully completed an approved ATPL Theoretical Knowledge Course together with thirteen ATPL theoretical examinations, (iii) having a valid
547:
The
Competency-Based Instrument Rating course is a reduced course which takes into account previous experience. It results in a full instrument rating.
540:(VMC) at all times. Instrument ratings are issued for aeroplanes, helicopters and airships. An IR is required to act as a pilot on a scheduled flight.
1227:
1092:
733:
637:
612:
To sit the UK ATPL theoretical exams, the applicant is required to take a theoretical training course, unless they already hold a third country ATPL.
31:
683:
836:
862:
1277:
1323:
734:"SRG1198B: Balloon - UK Part-BFCL pilot licence application based on conversion of an existing Part-FCL licence issued by the United Kingdom"
662:
973:
601:
The Flight Navigator's Licence allows the holder to act as flight navigator in any non-Part 21 aircraft. None have been issued since 2012.
529:
1063:
593:
To operate an Aircraft Radio Station in a UK registered aircraft, the pilot must hold a Flight Radiotelephony Operator's Licence (FRTOL).
129:
The abbreviations are combined with the licence level held, for example a Commercial Pilot Licence for Balloons can be written as CPL(B).
917:
1122:
291:
It was introduced while the UK was a member of EASA, but since the UK left the EASA system, it is no longer equivalent to EASA LAPLs.
465:
and training requirements. The SEP (Land) rating is generally the first rating obtained by most pilots. This allows flight of single-
269:. The NPPL is more restrictive in respect of additional aircraft ratings which may be added compared with a UK Part-FCL PPL or LAPL.
642:
619:
To convert a third country instrument rating, it is necessary to complete at least 15 hours instrument training with a British ATO.
1252:
537:
1202:
386:
176:
1176:
303:
confers on the holder a privilege to act as the pilot in command of certain kinds of aircraft. The holder may not operate for
142:
47:
708:
488:
SEP rating holders may undertake formal differences training from an instructor. There are seven categories of difference:
244:
The NPPL is administered by the National Pilots Licensing Group under supervision of the CAA. It is granted in two forms:
281:
155:
208:
1298:
1278:"The Air Navigation Order 2016, UK Statutory Instruments 2016 No. 765, Schedule 8, Part 1, Chapter 2, Section 4"
365:
169:
533:
57:, Part-FCL was adopted into UK law as UK Part-FCL. The UK continues to issue non-Part-FCL licences as well.
300:
162:
46:, pilots were licensed in accordance with EASA Part-FCL (Flight Crew Licensing). The UK also issued the
942:
579:
474:
466:
320:
213:
609:
It is possible to convert licences issued by other ICAO States ("third countries") to UK licences.
575:
To use their licence, a pilot must have a valid medical certificate or make a medical declaration.
266:
195:
included in the holder's licence and other ratings required for flying under specified conditions.
516:
The Night Rating allows a pilot to fly at night. It does not expire. It is required for the ATPL.
500:
Other class ratings include Multi Engine Piston (MEP) landplane, Single and Multi engine piston
525:
370:
66:
1041:
758:
461:
permits flight only on a single type or aircraft or a group of closely related types.
1363:
494:
478:
203:
Currently British glider pilots do not require a CAA-granted licence. Regulation of
470:
452:
1344:
482:
457:
1354:
489:
1228:"Medical requirements for private pilots - LAPL | Civil Aviation Authority"
1093:"Airline transport pilot licence for aeroplanes | Civil Aviation Authority"
17:
684:"Conversion of sailplane licences and ratings | Civil Aviation Authority"
501:
1151:
974:"Commercial pilot licence - aeroplanes | Civil Aviation Authority"
204:
92:
UK Part-FCL licences are issued for a particular category of aircraft:
265:
the NPPL, is furthermore restricted to operations in accordance with
54:
1253:"Flight radio telephony operator licence | Civil Aviation Authority"
251:
for Simple Single Engined Aircraft and Self-Launching Motor Gliders
1299:"Flight Crew Licensing Transactions for April 2011 to March 2012"
1203:"Introduction to medical requirements | Civil Aviation Authority"
918:"Private pilot licence for aeroplanes | Civil Aviation Authority"
1324:"Personnel licensing statistics | Civil Aviation Authority"
285:
272:
The NPPL does not require an English language proficiency test.
261:
43:
393:
The theoretical exams required for the ATPL cover 13 subjects:
385:
In addition to the privileges of the CPL, the holder of an
504:, Single Engine Turbine (SET) and Touring Motor Gliders.
96:
Aeroplanes (A) (that can including touring motor-gliders)
400:
Aircraft general knowledge: Airframe/Systems/power plant
1349:
455:
specifies a broad class of aircraft can be flown. A
885:"Guidance on cost sharing and introductory flights"
137:The UK currently grants several levels of licence:
663:"Getting started | Civil Aviation Authority"
1380:Aviation licenses and certifications by country
8:
1017:"Single-engine piston rating for aeroplanes"
497:by the instructor conducting the training.
403:Aircraft general knowledge: Instrumentation
968:
966:
964:
912:
910:
638:Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)
485:land aeroplanes (with a few exceptions).
151:UK Airline Transport Pilot Licence (ATPL)
1350:British Microlight Aircraft Association
1087:
1085:
654:
255:NPPL (Microlight and Powered Parachute)
1146:
1144:
1375:Flight training in the United Kingdom
1117:
1115:
1113:
837:"NPPL national private pilot licence"
536:(IFR). Otherwise they must remain in
508:features within these class ratings.
28:Pilot licensing in the United Kingdom
7:
1370:Aviation licenses and certifications
628:and 4729 holders of the UK NPPL(A).
530:Instrument Meteorological Conditions
1123:"Instrument rating for aeroplanes"
25:
943:"UK Part-FCL Pilot Licence (PPL)"
643:Pilot licensing and certification
239:UK National Private Pilot Licence
538:Visual Meteorological Conditions
1355:Light Aircraft Association (UK)
555:Instructor and Examiner ratings
387:Airline Transport Pilot Licence
373:and multi-engine class rating.
337:Flight performance and planning
177:Airline Transport Pilot Licence
1152:"Instrument Ratings Explained"
863:"Light aircraft pilot licence"
415:Flight planning and monitoring
340:Human performance and planning
148:UK Private Pilot Licence (PPL)
143:National Private Pilot Licence
1:
1064:"Night rating for aeroplanes"
1177:"Competency Based IR (CBIR)"
282:light aircraft pilot licence
156:Light Aircraft Pilot Licence
109:UK licences are issued for:
53:When the UK left EASA after
763:British Gliding Association
209:British Gliding Association
1396:
1183:. Stapleford Flight Centre
1129:. Civil Aviation Authority
1070:. Civil Aviation Authority
1044:. The Pilot Centre, Denham
843:. Civil Aviation Authority
817:. Civil Aviation Authority
791:. Civil Aviation Authority
759:"Pilot Licence Conversion"
597:Flight Navigator's Licence
334:Aircraft general knowledge
102:Sailplanes (S) - Part-SFCL
69:recognised in the UK are:
709:"Sailplane Pilot Licence"
528:allows a pilot to fly in
113:Light aircraft – (NPPL A)
1021:Civil Aviation Authority
366:commercial pilot licence
170:Commercial Pilot Licence
105:Balloons (B) - Part-BFCL
42:When the UK was part of
32:Civil Aviation Authority
596:
534:instrument flight rules
1042:"Differences Training"
992:"The 13 ATPL Subjects"
891:. 2015. Archived from
447:Type and Class ratings
430:Operational procedures
349:Operational procedures
305:valuable consideration
116:Microlights – (NPPL M)
67:categories of aircraft
61:Categories of aircraft
713:Pilot & Club Info
571:Medical certification
301:private pilot licence
163:Private Pilot Licence
1345:NPPL Licensing Group
1156:Bristol Groundschool
996:Bristol Groundschool
947:Cambrian Flying Club
738:publicapps.caa.co.uk
433:Principles of flight
352:Principles of flight
30:is regulated by the
214:gliding certificate
811:"BPL requirements"
785:"SPL requirements"
520:Instrument ratings
424:General navigation
260:The NPPL is a sub-
216:can be converted.
560:Flight Instructor
526:Instrument Rating
418:Human performance
371:instrument rating
284:(LAPL) is not an
133:Levels of licence
16:(Redirected from
1387:
1332:
1331:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1303:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1148:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1119:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1089:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1002:
988:
982:
981:
970:
959:
958:
956:
954:
939:
933:
932:
930:
928:
914:
905:
904:
902:
900:
881:
875:
874:
872:
870:
859:
853:
852:
850:
848:
833:
827:
826:
824:
822:
807:
801:
800:
798:
796:
781:
775:
774:
772:
770:
755:
749:
748:
746:
744:
730:
724:
723:
721:
719:
705:
699:
698:
696:
694:
680:
674:
673:
671:
669:
659:
427:Radio navigation
409:Mass and balance
249:NPPL (SSEA/SLMG)
21:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1360:
1359:
1341:
1336:
1335:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1261:
1259:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1236:
1234:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1209:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1186:
1184:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1160:
1158:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1132:
1130:
1121:
1120:
1111:
1101:
1099:
1091:
1090:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1047:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1025:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1000:
998:
990:
989:
985:
972:
971:
962:
952:
950:
941:
940:
936:
926:
924:
916:
915:
908:
898:
896:
895:on 11 June 2016
883:
882:
878:
868:
866:
861:
860:
856:
846:
844:
835:
834:
830:
820:
818:
809:
808:
804:
794:
792:
783:
782:
778:
768:
766:
757:
756:
752:
742:
740:
732:
731:
727:
717:
715:
707:
706:
702:
692:
690:
682:
681:
677:
667:
665:
661:
660:
656:
651:
634:
625:
607:
599:
591:
573:
557:
522:
514:
495:pilot's logbook
449:
440:
383:
362:
297:
278:
235:
226:
207:is through the
201:
135:
99:Helicopters (H)
63:
40:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1393:
1391:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1340:
1339:External links
1337:
1334:
1333:
1315:
1290:
1269:
1244:
1219:
1194:
1181:www.flysfc.com
1168:
1140:
1109:
1081:
1055:
1033:
1008:
983:
960:
934:
906:
876:
854:
828:
802:
776:
750:
725:
700:
675:
653:
652:
650:
647:
646:
645:
640:
633:
630:
624:
621:
606:
603:
598:
595:
590:
587:
572:
569:
556:
553:
521:
518:
513:
510:
473:, fixed-pitch
467:piston-engined
448:
445:
439:
436:
435:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
406:Communications
404:
401:
398:
382:
379:
361:
358:
357:
356:
355:Communications
353:
350:
347:
344:
341:
338:
335:
332:
296:
293:
277:
274:
258:
257:
252:
234:
231:
225:
222:
200:
197:
181:
180:
173:
166:
159:
152:
149:
146:
134:
131:
127:
126:
123:
120:
119:Gyroplanes (G)
117:
114:
107:
106:
103:
100:
97:
90:
89:
86:
83:
80:
77:
74:
62:
59:
39:
36:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1392:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1329:
1328:www.caa.co.uk
1325:
1319:
1316:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1258:
1257:www.caa.co.uk
1254:
1248:
1245:
1233:
1232:www.caa.co.uk
1229:
1223:
1220:
1208:
1207:www.caa.co.uk
1204:
1198:
1195:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1128:
1127:www.caa.co.uk
1124:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1098:
1097:www.caa.co.uk
1094:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1069:
1068:www.caa.co.uk
1065:
1059:
1056:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1022:
1018:
1012:
1009:
997:
993:
987:
984:
979:
978:www.caa.co.uk
975:
969:
967:
965:
961:
948:
944:
938:
935:
923:
922:www.caa.co.uk
919:
913:
911:
907:
894:
890:
886:
880:
877:
864:
858:
855:
842:
841:www.caa.co.uk
838:
832:
829:
816:
815:www.caa.co.uk
812:
806:
803:
790:
789:www.caa.co.uk
786:
780:
777:
764:
760:
754:
751:
739:
735:
729:
726:
714:
710:
704:
701:
689:
688:www.caa.co.uk
685:
679:
676:
664:
658:
655:
648:
644:
641:
639:
636:
635:
631:
629:
622:
620:
617:
613:
610:
604:
602:
594:
589:Radio licence
588:
586:
583:
581:
576:
570:
568:
565:
561:
554:
552:
548:
545:
541:
539:
535:
532:(IMC), under
531:
527:
519:
517:
511:
509:
505:
503:
498:
496:
491:
486:
484:
480:
479:tricycle gear
476:
472:
468:
462:
460:
459:
454:
446:
444:
437:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
395:
394:
391:
388:
380:
378:
374:
372:
367:
359:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
330:
329:
328:
325:
322:
321:cross-country
316:
312:
311:remunerated.
308:
306:
302:
294:
292:
289:
287:
283:
275:
273:
270:
268:
263:
256:
253:
250:
247:
246:
245:
242:
240:
232:
230:
223:
221:
217:
215:
210:
206:
198:
196:
194:
190:
186:
178:
174:
171:
167:
164:
160:
157:
153:
150:
147:
144:
140:
139:
138:
132:
130:
125:Airships (As)
124:
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512:Night rating
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471:turbocharged
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175:UK Part-FCL
168:UK Part-FCL
161:UK Part-FCL
154:UK Part-FCL
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122:Balloons (B)
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52:
48:National PPL
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26:
1262:23 February
1237:23 February
1212:23 February
1187:23 February
1161:23 February
1133:23 February
1102:23 February
1074:23 February
927:17 February
847:23 February
743:23 February
718:23 February
693:23 February
668:23 February
483:pressurised
458:type rating
421:Meteorology
412:Performance
343:Meteorology
76:Helicopters
1364:Categories
1026:17 October
649:References
623:Statistics
605:Conversion
346:Navigation
88:Gyroplanes
82:Sailplanes
73:Aeroplanes
18:IMC rating
953:5 January
490:tailwheel
475:propeller
1304:. UK CAA
865:. UK CAA
632:See also
564:Examiner
502:seaplane
477:, fixed
224:Balloons
85:Balloons
79:Airships
50:(NPPL).
1048:5 April
1001:5 April
869:5 April
769:5 April
438:Ratings
397:Air law
331:Air law
205:gliding
199:Gliding
193:ratings
38:History
34:(CAA).
1308:3 July
1283:3 July
949:. 2016
899:25 May
889:UK CAA
821:16 May
795:16 May
765:. 2019
481:, non-
469:, non-
179:(ATPL)
158:(LAPL)
145:(NPPL)
55:Brexit
1302:(PDF)
189:class
187:, or
172:(CPL)
165:(PPL)
1310:2022
1285:2022
1264:2022
1239:2022
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1028:2019
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955:2016
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901:2016
871:2023
849:2022
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771:2023
745:2022
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695:2022
670:2022
562:and
381:ATPL
364:The
299:The
286:ICAO
280:The
276:LAPL
262:ICAO
237:The
233:NPPL
185:type
65:The
44:EASA
580:GPs
524:An
360:CPL
295:PPL
267:VFR
141:UK
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