484:
472:
448:
460:
436:
165:
517:
424:
2627:
328:. The Iapodian language before the Romans is mostly unknown: the only indications available are their toponyms and necropolis inscriptions from Roman times. These scarce onomastic indications suggest the Iapodian tongue may be correlated with other Illyrian and Pannonian tribes. During their independence, the Iapodes appear to have been completely illiterate and left no inscriptions before the Roman conquest.
503:
823:
202:; however, Strabo's suggestion of a mixed Celtic-Illyrian Iapodes culture is not confirmed by archaeology. Originally, Iapodes existed at least from the 9th century BC, and Celtic influence reached the region in the 4th century BC when Iapodes entered a decline. Archeological evidence of typical Celtic culture is documented only in the marginal contact zone of the Iapodes and the Celtic
412:
152:
106:. Archaeological documentation confirms their presence in these countries at least from 9th century BC, and they persisted in their area longer than a millennium. The ancient written documentation on inland Iapodes is scarcer than on the adjacent coastal peoples (Liburni, Delmatae, etc.) that had more frequent maritime contacts with ancient Greeks and Romans.
315:
They cultivated chiefly cereals and grapes, and kept varied cattle. Their early metallurgy developed a half millennium before Celtic influence that induced here minor modifications. Their society was simple including warriors, villagers, herdsmen, miners, and metalworkers. In that early phase neither
287:
Due to the rich and extensive forests of their mountainous country, their houses were mostly wooden huts, and they rarely used stone constructions except in some major fortifications. Their settlements were mostly on hilltops, including between 400–3,000 dwellers, and the main
Iapodian settlements in
236:
Romans said of the
Iapodes that they were a warlike race addicted to plundering expeditions, but other archaeological documentation confirms their main economical activity was mining and metallurgy. That attracted the pragmatic Romans to conquer their country, whose river valleys were also a natural
571:
A Classical
Dictionary: Containing The Principle Proper Names Mentioned In Ancient Authors Part One by Charles Anthon,2005,page 539: "... Tor, " elevated," " a mountain. " (Strabo, 293) ; the Iapodes (Strabo, 313), a Gallo-Illyrian race occupying the val. leys of
323:
Their classical culture was a varied mixture of
Pannonian, Illyrian, Greek and Roman influences, mostly without proper peculiarities. Their figural art included the frequent metal decorations in the form of triangles and spirals, and
109:
The
Iapodes had their maximal development and territorial expansion from the 8th to 4th centuries BC. They settled mostly in inland mountain valleys between Pannonia and the coastal Adriatic basin, but in disputation with southern
483:
471:
627:, p. 79. "...along with the evidence of name formulae, a Venetic element among the Japodes. A group of names identified by Alföldy as of Celtic origin: Ammida, Andes, Iaritus, Matera, Maxa,..."
589:,page 79,"along with the evidence of name formulae, a Venetic element among the Japodes. A group of names identified by Alföldy as of Celtic origin: Ammida, Andes, Iaritus, Matera, Maxa,"
447:
316:
leaders nor elite were indicated, and these independent
Iapodes had no detectable collective political organisation. Under the Romans, a Romanized elite emerged, led by the
435:
2681:
364:
as the symbol of their ancestors. Their early tombs were usually in caves, and then in Roman times often in wooden sarcophagi and also incinerated in ceramic urns.
843:
336:
The original religion of
Iapodes is scarcely known, and it appears to be similar with other eastward Illyrians. They knew the divine pair of water-deities
459:
2691:
238:
698:
250:
2676:
254:
2109:
2598:
894:
873:
257:
undertook another expedition against the
Iapodes in 119, which concluded with a triumph in 117. In 78–76 BC they were also attacked by
2671:
2651:
2456:
838:
397:
2666:
2593:
2566:
624:
586:
393:
182:. The first written mention of an Illyrian tribe is from Greek writers from the 6th century BC. They are provisionally described by
237:
way for strategic communications between the
Adriatic and Pannonia. Therefore, induced conflicts started from 171 BC, when consul
423:
125:
Knowledge of the
Iapodes' culture is largely nebulous due to a lack of material evidence. The Iapodes are believed to have been
1877:
242:
2607:
2580:
2139:
2114:
2026:
1500:
1348:
603:
2258:
2330:
1796:
522:
2620:
2408:
1268:
2270:
2253:
1671:
1208:
637:
2486:
2481:
2222:
1183:
686:
2471:
2466:
1213:
2320:
241:
first attacked Iapodes. In 129 BC, Gaius Sempronius Tuditanus attacked the Iapodes and was nearly defeated, but
172:
The exact origin of early Iapodes is uncertain; archaeological documentation suggests mixed affinities to early
164:
2661:
325:
598:
The origins of the Europeans: classical observations in culture and personality by William Scott Shelley,1997,
411:
2549:
2476:
2293:
866:
59:
2561:
2275:
2160:
2056:
103:
98:) which separated them from the coastal Liburnians. Their territory covered the central inlands of modern
2178:
2051:
2018:
1283:
1253:
1218:
535:
2325:
1805:
392:(2022) examined 8 samples from three Early Iron Age Iapodes sites. All five tested men belonged to the
1554:
2446:
2347:
1514:
1128:
751:
367:
341:
258:
2441:
2298:
1544:
1463:
1358:
1308:
1243:
1223:
1178:
734:
2686:
2630:
2313:
2041:
1949:
1775:
1303:
1238:
859:
785:
2126:
1929:
2588:
2554:
2521:
2501:
2428:
2403:
2337:
2280:
2245:
2168:
2089:
2084:
1965:
1698:
1608:
1403:
1363:
1338:
1173:
1133:
777:
694:
620:
599:
582:
349:
1763:
290:
2516:
2436:
2308:
2241:
2101:
2046:
2031:
1919:
1888:
1836:
1661:
1640:
1480:
1318:
1123:
1080:
767:
759:
742:
388:
308:
296:
2491:
2385:
2380:
2303:
2285:
2263:
2074:
1865:
1848:
1842:
1801:
1735:
1718:
907:
371:
272:
246:
138:
755:
2656:
2511:
2506:
2131:
2061:
1682:
1676:
1559:
1428:
1228:
1023:
772:
508:
489:
Potteries and fibula from the Grave of Gospić-Lipe, late Bronze Age, Eighth century BC.
383:
352:), whose rocky reliefs persist today at some springs in their area. They worshiped the
115:
51:
228:, definite Celtic artifacts are scarce and explicable merely by commercial exchanges.
2645:
2375:
2121:
2036:
1423:
1383:
944:
834:
829:
789:
361:
353:
145:
808:
Keltoi in Yugoslavia (Die Kelten und ihre Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet Jugoslawiens).
2420:
2188:
2066:
1971:
1816:
1393:
1378:
209:
79:
2002:
2007:
1613:
1539:
1524:
1373:
1328:
1203:
1168:
974:
934:
606:,page 222,The Transalpine Iapydes, a Pannonian tribe, was both strong and savage
763:
2544:
2205:
2195:
2183:
2096:
1944:
1934:
1519:
1470:
1453:
1248:
1198:
1070:
1053:
1048:
1013:
954:
939:
815:
Zur Frage der keltischen und pannonischen Namengebiete im römischen Dalmatien.
498:
174:
151:
130:
87:
67:
817:
Godisnjak (Annuaire) 3, 55 p., Centar za balkanoloske studije, Sarajevo 1965.
1894:
1853:
1688:
1645:
1623:
1534:
1485:
1343:
1293:
1158:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1038:
969:
922:
882:
477:
Artefacts from the Grave of Gospić-Lipe, late Bronze Age, Eighth century BC.
263:
179:
126:
1904:
1692:
781:
271:, but then from 52–47 BC rebelled. In 34 BC they were finally conquered by
2496:
2227:
2200:
1996:
1954:
1859:
1826:
1756:
1752:
1708:
1703:
1666:
1618:
1591:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1448:
1413:
1388:
1333:
1323:
1288:
1273:
1188:
1163:
1153:
1148:
1085:
1075:
1043:
1006:
984:
979:
959:
949:
927:
912:
735:"Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age"
357:
213:
204:
847:. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 215.
2526:
2357:
2173:
2144:
1986:
1939:
1924:
1882:
1831:
1791:
1740:
1633:
1628:
1529:
1495:
1475:
1458:
1444:
1353:
1298:
1278:
1065:
1028:
1018:
1001:
996:
991:
917:
902:
712:"J-Y86930 YTree v10.04.00 (ID: I23911, I23995, I24638, I24639, I24882)"
711:
302:
225:
217:
99:
91:
32:
28:
17:
2362:
2352:
2342:
2215:
2210:
2079:
1991:
1981:
1976:
1959:
1914:
1899:
1821:
1786:
1746:
1713:
1656:
1650:
1603:
1597:
1549:
1418:
1398:
1368:
1313:
1258:
1233:
1193:
1143:
1138:
1060:
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71:
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border). Elsewhere, and especially in the main Iapodian area of the
1909:
1811:
1781:
1769:
1729:
1723:
1586:
1580:
1509:
1408:
1263:
1105:
828:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
195:
187:
163:
74:
peninsula. They occupied the interior of the country between the
2367:
1872:
530:
221:
134:
66:) were an ancient people who dwelt north of and inland from the
855:
114:
they periodically reached also the northern Adriatic coast at
851:
275:. Then they conserved a partial autonomy with a domestic
133:, or a mixed group with connections to the Pannonians,
555:
553:
551:
370:
were art a unique form influenced to a degree by the
453:
Necklaces, Early Iron Age, VI th-V th centuries BC).
400:
fell under H, H1, 2x H3b, H5, T2a1a, T2b and U5a1g.
374:
art of northern Illyria and Italy and by Greek art.
261:
as part of a war against the Dalmatians. They had a
2579:
2537:
2419:
2396:
2240:
2159:
2017:
1494:
1437:
1116:
893:
441:Fluted urn and lid with jewellery, 8th century BC.
396:patrilineal line J2b2a1-L283 (> J-Y86930). The
144:A major scholar of the Japodi was archaeologist
70:, off the Adriatic coast and eastwards of the
867:
245:arrived and rescued him, and he celebrated a
8:
890:
874:
860:
852:
771:
2682:Ancient tribes in Bosnia and Herzegovina
559:
190:and Illyrians, who used Celtic weapons,
150:
638:"Sjećanje na Branku Raunig (1935-2008)"
547:
407:
155:Iapodes territory in cca 5th century BC
326:large amber pearls and amber figurines
733:Patterson, Nick; et al. (2022).
7:
642:Zemaljski muzej Bosne i Hercegovine
691:The Illyrians: history and culture
581:Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992,
25:
2567:Prehistory of Southeastern Europe
194:themselves, and lived chiefly on
2626:
2625:
821:
515:
501:
482:
470:
458:
446:
434:
422:
410:
267:from 56 BC with Rome and paid a
102:and Una River Valley in today's
2692:Illyrian Bosnia and Herzegovina
417:Iapodian ceramics and metalwork
2140:Albanian traditional tattooing
2027:Central Bosnian cultural group
810:Narodni muzej, Ljubljana 1984.
1:
2331:Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC)
523:Bosnia and Herzegovina portal
429:Pre-Roman bronze spiral booch
2677:Ancient history of Slovenia
2259:Alexander's Balkan campaign
2254:Illyrian invasion of Epirus
63:
2708:
764:10.1038/s41586-021-04287-4
26:
2672:Ancient tribes in Croatia
2652:Historical Celtic peoples
2616:
889:
129:, probably a subgroup of
55:
2667:Celtic tribes of Illyria
714:. YFull.com. 4 July 2022
644:(in Bosnian). 2018-06-13
465:Pectoral of amber beads.
255:Gaius Caecilius Metellus
27:Not to be confused with
2550:Origin of the Albanians
2271:Dardanian–Bastarnic war
844:Encyclopædia Britannica
693:. Noyes Press. p. 203.
2562:History of the Balkans
2276:Invasions of Epidamnus
2161:Religion and mythology
239:Gaius Cassius Longinus
212:river valley (now the
169:
156:
104:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2286:Roman-Macedonian wars
2052:Glasinac-Mati culture
1689:Dyrrhachium/Epidamnus
1284:Glaucias of Taulantii
1254:Eleutherius and Antia
1219:Constantine the Great
806:Mitja Gustin et al.:
687:Stipčević, Aleksandar
536:Bindus (Illyrian god)
386:studies published in
320:installed by Romans.
251:Lucius Aurelius Cotta
243:Decimus Iunius Brutus
167:
154:
2321:Roman–Dalmatian wars
2062:Monte Saraceno woman
1129:Anastasius I Dicorus
368:Japodian burial urns
2409:Proposed vocabulary
2057:Gradistë belt-plate
1359:Peter the Patrician
1309:Irenaeus of Sirmium
1244:Demetrius of Pharos
1224:Constantius Chlorus
1179:Bato the Daesitiate
756:2022Natur.601..588P
619:. Blackwell, 1992,
318:praepositus Iapodum
283:Culture and society
277:praepositus Iapodum
186:as a mixed race of
160:Origin and affinity
2326:Caesar's civil war
1960:Tragurion (Trogir)
1560:Aspalathos (Split)
1501:cities/settlements
1438:Political entities
1304:Gratianus Funarius
813:Radoslav Katicic:
677:(1969), 30-34, 46.
170:
168:Iapodian metalwork
157:
90:) rivers, and the
2639:
2638:
2575:
2574:
2555:Albanian paganism
2522:Pannonia Superior
2502:Pannonia Inferior
2429:Illyrian emperors
2281:Illyro-Roman Wars
1728:Iader or Idassa (
1339:Marcellinus Comes
1174:Bato the Breucian
1134:Artas of Messapia
750:(7894): 588–594.
699:978-0-8155-5052-5
398:mtDNA haplogroups
288:Roman times were
16:(Redirected from
2699:
2629:
2628:
2517:Pannonia Secunda
2122:Trebeništa masks
2102:Spectacle brooch
1945:Scodra (Shkodër)
1925:Scampa (Elbasan)
1641:Dardana Fortress
1510:Acruvium (Kotor)
1481:Illyrian kingdom
891:
876:
869:
862:
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848:
827:
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723:
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518:
511:
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504:
486:
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462:
450:
438:
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394:Y-DNA haplogroup
356:as their tribal
94:mountain range (
57:
21:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2662:Illyrian tribes
2642:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2612:
2599:Illyrian tribes
2571:
2533:
2492:Moesia Superior
2415:
2392:
2343:Desilo shipyard
2264:Siege of Pelium
2236:
2155:
2127:VaÄŤe Belt-Plate
2115:Selca e Poshtme
2013:
1930:Selcë e Poshtme
1719:Hedum castellum
1653:(Lower Neretva)
1515:Ad Acroceraunia
1498:
1490:
1433:
1214:Cleitus Dardani
1112:
885:
880:
837:, ed. (1911). "
833:
822:
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803:
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378:Archaeogenetics
360:, and also the
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273:Augustus Caesar
259:Gaius Cosconius
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36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2512:Pannonia Savia
2509:
2507:Pannonia Prima
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2104:
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2087:
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2077:
2069:
2064:
2059:
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2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2023:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1962:
1957:
1952:
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1839:
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1814:
1809:
1799:
1794:
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1787:Mursa (Osijek)
1784:
1779:
1772:
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1429:Valentinian II
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1236:
1231:
1229:Constantius II
1226:
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1216:
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1201:
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1021:
1016:
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1004:
994:
989:
988:
987:
977:
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967:
962:
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952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
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615:Wilkes, J.J.
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2338:Batonian War
2110:Boka-Përçeva
2001:
1964:
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1858:
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1379:Pleuratus II
1184:Bato Dardani
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2608:Settlements
2477:Epirus Nova
2132:VaÄŤe Situla
2008:Albanopolis
1873:Pola (Pula)
1776:Matohasanaj
1614:Chrysondyon
1540:Antipatreia
1525:Albanopolis
1374:Pleuratus I
1329:Justinian I
1204:Caravantius
1169:Bardylis II
975:Daesitiates
935:Atintanians
362:holy snakes
118:(classical
2646:Categories
2545:Illyrology
2463:Provinces
2184:Deipaturos
2136:Tattooing
2097:Soleto Map
1935:Sesarethus
1592:Brundisium
1520:Ad Quintum
1486:Taulantian
1471:Dassaretan
1454:Autariatan
1249:Diocletian
1071:Osseriates
1014:Dassaretii
960:Bassanitae
955:Baridustae
940:Autariatae
648:2020-05-17
604:1573092207
542:References
354:holy horse
348:(as Roman
340:(as Roman
208:along the
178:and other
137:, and/or
131:Pannonians
120:Valdevinum
68:Liburnians
2687:Foederati
2487:Macedonia
2482:Illyricum
2457:Illyricum
2447:Macedonia
2442:Illyricum
2433:Dioceses
2299:Lyncestis
2223:Nymphaion
2090:Peucetian
2085:Messapian
2042:Education
2003:Zgërdhesh
1878:Poslishte
1854:Pituntium
1770:Lychnidus
1646:Delminium
1624:Damastion
1545:Apollonia
1535:Andetrium
1496:Geography
1476:Enchelean
1459:Dardanian
1344:Monounios
1294:Grabos II
1269:Flavianus
1159:Baraliris
1101:Taulantii
1096:Siculotae
1091:Sardiatae
1039:Iapygians
970:Bylliones
923:Docleatai
883:Illyrians
790:245509501
718:28 August
214:Slovenian
180:Illyrians
127:Illyrians
2631:Category
2621:Timeline
2497:Pannonia
2472:Delmatia
2467:Dardania
2404:Illyrian
2397:Language
2314:Phoenice
2290:Battles
2246:weaponry
2228:Swastika
2201:Medaurus
2169:Religion
2071:Pottery
1997:Vendenis
1982:Ulkinium
1955:Tilurium
1950:Thronion
1860:Pogradec
1843:Persqopi
1827:Palaeste
1709:Eugenium
1704:Epicaria
1699:Enkelana
1667:Doracium
1619:Creonion
1575:Bassania
1570:Bargulum
1449:Labeatan
1445:Ardiaean
1414:Triteuta
1389:Pleurias
1349:Monunius
1334:Longarus
1324:Justin I
1289:Grabos I
1274:Galaurus
1189:Bircenna
1164:Bardylis
1154:Ballaios
1149:Aurelian
1086:Pirustae
1081:Penestae
1076:Parthini
1019:Enchelei
1007:Thuantai
985:Tariotes
980:Dalmatae
950:Balaites
928:Labeatae
913:Amantini
782:34937049
689:(1977).
675:Dalmatia
495:See also
342:Sylvanus
338:Vidassus
332:Religion
269:tributum
218:Croatian
205:Taurisci
192:tattooed
175:Pannonii
2527:Sirmium
2372:Sieges
2358:Liburna
2242:Warfare
2206:Perëndi
2174:Andinus
2145:Sicanje
2075:Daunian
2047:Fibulae
2032:Coinage
2019:Culture
1987:Ulpiana
1972:Tsangon
1966:Triport
1940:Setovia
1883:Promona
1832:Parthus
1797:Nikadin
1792:Nareste
1764:Lofkënd
1741:Kodrion
1672:Dresnik
1629:Daorson
1587:Bouthoe
1555:Arnissa
1530:Amantia
1464:Kingdom
1404:Tacitus
1354:Mytilos
1299:Gratian
1279:Gentius
1066:Narensi
1054:Peuceti
1049:Messapi
1034:Iapodes
1029:Grabaei
1002:Galabri
997:Dardani
918:Ardiaei
908:Amantes
839:Iapydes
832::
801:Sources
773:8889665
752:Bibcode
664:I 48176
404:Gallery
303:Arupium
291:Metulum
247:triumph
226:Croatia
112:Liburni
100:Croatia
92:Velebit
76:Colapis
72:Istrian
56:Ἰάποδες
48:Japodes
44:Iapydes
40:Iapodes
33:Iapyges
29:Iazyges
18:Iapydes
2594:Tribes
2589:People
2386:Oricum
2381:Medion
2363:Sibyna
2353:Lembus
2348:Helmet
2309:Pharos
2216:Tomorr
2211:Prende
2179:Bindus
2106:Tombs
2080:Desilo
2067:Pileus
1992:Uscana
1977:Ugento
1920:Salvia
1915:Salona
1905:Romajë
1900:Rhizon
1895:Ragusa
1889:Rabije
1866:Castle
1837:Pelion
1822:Oricum
1802:Nikaia
1782:Meteon
1753:Lissus
1747:Kratul
1714:Gertus
1693:Durrës
1662:Doclea
1657:Dimale
1651:Desilo
1609:Chinna
1604:Byllis
1598:Bushat
1550:Arduba
1419:Valens
1399:Sirras
1369:Plator
1364:Pinnes
1319:Jovian
1314:Jerome
1259:Epulon
1234:Cynane
1194:Caeria
1144:Audata
1139:Astius
1117:People
1061:Mazaei
992:Daorsi
965:Breuci
903:Albani
895:Tribes
826:
788:
780:
770:
743:Nature
697:
623:
602:
585:
389:Nature
372:Situla
344:) and
309:Avendo
297:Terpon
264:foedus
200:millet
184:Strabo
139:Veneti
84:Oeneus
82:) and
64:Japodi
2657:Gauls
2581:Lists
2538:Other
2437:Dacia
2304:Paxos
1910:Runik
1849:Petra
1812:Oneum
1757:Lezhë
1736:Kinna
1730:Zadar
1683:Dukat
1677:Duboc
1581:Berat
1565:Aulon
1409:Teuta
1264:Etuta
1239:Dando
1209:Celer
1199:Caius
1124:Agron
1106:Abroi
1044:Dauni
1024:Eneti
945:Azali
786:S2CID
738:(PDF)
358:totem
350:Diana
346:Thana
196:spelt
188:Celts
135:Celts
52:Greek
2376:Issa
2368:Sica
2244:and
2189:Zojz
1817:Oria
1806:Klos
778:PMID
720:2022
695:ISBN
621:ISBN
600:ISBN
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572:..."
531:Lika
306:and
253:and
222:Lika
210:Kupa
198:and
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
