366:
in
October 691, during which the Umayyads defeated the Zubayrids and subsequently conquered Iraq. After the battle's conclusion, Ibn al-Ashtar's body was confiscated and burned by the Umayyad forces. His son Nu'man served as a commander of the Madh'hij and
353:
By 687, al-Mukhtar had appointed Ibn al-Ashtar governor of Mosul, which came under al-Mukhtar's control following the
Umayyad rout at Khazir. That same year, al-Mukhtar and his retinue were besieged in Kufa by Ibn al-Zubayr's brother
477:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XX: The Collapse of Sufyānid Authority and the Coming of the Marwānids: The Caliphates of Muʿāwiyah II and Marwān I and the Beginning of the Caliphate of ʿAbd al-Malik, A.D. 683–685/A.H.
614:
358:, and al-Mukhtar was killed in the ensuing clashes. Afterward, Ibn al-Ashtar defected to the Zubayrids, despite the efforts of Umayyad caliph
574:
486:
609:
566:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXIV: The Empire in Transition: The Caliphates of Sulaymān, ʿUmar, and Yazīd, A.D. 715–724/A.H. 96–105
510:
536:
338:. He inflicted a disastrous defeat on the Umayyads, personally slaying Ubayd Allah, while other senior Umayyad commanders, such as
599:
285:
383:
Ibn al-Ashtar is described as the "most talented commander Kufa produced during the
Marwanid period" (684–750) by historian
339:
541:
342:, were also slain. He had their heads sent to al-Mukhtar, who in turn sent them to the anti-Umayyad caliph of
288:, who also was a warrior. Like his father, Ibrahim is also reported to have fought alongside Ali against the
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70:
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to woo him to the
Umayyad side. Ibn al-Ashtar was ultimately killed fighting alongside Mus'ab at the
316:
in 685/86 and was soon after confronted by an invading
Umayyad army from Syria under the command of
594:
109:
60:
570:
551:
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482:
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569:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
481:. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
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126:
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114:
97:
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384:
254:
198:
174:
145:
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471:
273:
258:
104:
564:
500:
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330:. Ibn al-Ashtar marched northward with his forces and fought the Umayyads at the
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281:
92:
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368:
502:
The Armies of the
Caliphs: Military and Society in the Early Islamic State
320:. Al-Mukhtar charged Ibn al-Ashtar with command over his mostly Persian
304:
Ibn al-Ashtar's prominence rose after he entered the service of the pro-
284:. Ibrahim had a brother from the same mother but different father named
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40:
335:
322:
161:
36:
327:
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305:
226:
218:
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during the latter's rebellion against the
Umayyads in 720.
233:. He led al-Mukhtar's forces to a decisive victory at the
326:
troops from Kufa to prevent the
Umayyad advance into
152:
Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah al-Nakha'i (half-brother)
212:
190:
Ibrāhīm ibn Mālik al-Ashtar ibn al-Ḥārith al-Nakhaʿī
188:
171:
Ibrahim ibn Malik al-Ashtar ibn al-Harith al-Nakha'i
156:
141:
85:
77:
56:
46:
30:
21:
280:. The Banu Nakha' was part of the larger tribe of
16:Arab commander of Al-Mukhtar's forces (died 691)
221:commander who fought in the service of Caliph
245:, who was personally slain by Ibn al-Ashtar.
8:
435:
433:
431:
542:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
18:
425:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1971 p. 987.
421:
419:
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411:
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407:
405:
403:
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179:إبراهيم بن مالك الأشتر بن الحارث النخعي
286:Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah al-Nakha'i
225:(r. 656–661) and later served the pro-
193:; died October 691), better known as
7:
550:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 987.
202:
178:
615:Generals of the Rashidun Caliphate
505:. London and New York: Routledge.
371:contingent of the Kufan troops of
14:
439:Al-Tabari, ed. Hawting, p. 197.
267:
563:Powers, David S., ed. (1989).
272:). The family belonged to the
1:
255:Malik al-Ashtar ibn al-Harith
340:Husayn ibn Numayr al-Sakuni
213:
189:
631:
610:People of the Second Fitna
448:Powers 1989, pp. 129–130
308:and anti-Umayyad leader
600:7th-century Arab people
348:Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
312:. The latter took over
261:and partisan of Caliph
253:Ibrahim was the son of
71:Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
537:"Ibrāhīm b. al-Ashtar"
276:, hence their epithet
23:Ibrahim ibn al-Ashtar
373:Yazid ibn al-Muhallab
318:Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad
310:al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi
257:, a commander in the
249:Family and early life
243:Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad
231:al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi
214:Ibrāhīm ibn al-Ashtar
195:Ibrahim ibn al-Ashtar
78:Years of service
66:Al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi
457:Kennedy 2001, p. 23.
237:(686) against the
61:Rashidun Caliphate
576:978-0-7914-0072-2
488:978-0-88706-855-3
211:
203:إبراهيم بن الأشتر
187:
168:
167:
25:إبراهيم بن الأشتر
622:
580:
559:
516:
492:
458:
455:
449:
446:
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437:
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364:Battle of Maskin
332:Battle of Khazir
294:Battle of Siffin
271:
269:
235:Battle of Khazir
216:
206:
204:
192:
182:
180:
131:
123:Battle of Maskin
115:Battle of Khazir
98:Battle of Siffin
52:Dayr al-Jathaliq
19:
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629:
625:
624:
623:
621:
620:
619:
585:
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535:, eds. (1971).
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385:Hugh N. Kennedy
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157:Other work
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146:Malik al-Ashtar
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127:
119:Battle of Mosul
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26:
24:
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472:Hawting, G. R.
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497:Kennedy, Hugh
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150:Nu'man (son)
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110:Siege of Kufa
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464:Bibliography
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360:Abd al-Malik
352:
321:
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277:
252:
194:
170:
169:
160:Governor of
128:
105:Second Fitna
86:Battles/wars
546:Volume III:
533:Schacht, J.
529:Pellat, Ch.
290:Banu Umayya
274:Banu Nakha'
93:First Fitna
73:(687–death)
50:October 691
595:691 deaths
589:Categories
391:References
379:Assessment
346:and Iraq,
278:al-Nakha'i
68:(685–687)
63:(656–661)
57:Allegiance
556:495469525
521:Lewis, B.
369:Banu Asad
217:) was an
208:romanized
184:romanized
164:(686–691)
148:(father)
142:Relations
499:(2001).
334:east of
296:in 657.
282:Madh'hij
239:Umayyads
292:at the
229:leader
210::
186::
129:†
81:657-691
573:
554:
548:H–Iram
531:&
509:
485:
356:Mus'ab
344:Medina
323:mawali
300:Career
241:under
199:Arabic
175:Arabic
125:
41:Arabia
478:64–66
336:Mosul
162:Mosul
37:Yemen
571:ISBN
552:OCLC
507:ISBN
483:ISBN
328:Iraq
314:Kufa
306:Alid
227:Alid
219:Arab
47:Died
31:Born
263:Ali
223:Ali
34:642
591::
544:.
539:.
527:;
523:;
430:^
398:^
387:.
350:.
268:r.
205:,
201::
181:,
177::
39:,
579:.
558:.
515:.
491:.
265:(
197:(
173:(
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