709:. In the 1990s, with federal and state funding scarce, attention was turned away from building projects toward the renovation of existing township properties. The federal government designated Lake County as an "Enterprising Community", which facilitated the development of sewer and natural gas systems. Businessman John O. Meeks purchased and renovated the Morton Motel, and founded organizations to develop and promote the community, including Mid-Michigan Idlewilders and the Idlewild African American Chamber of Commerce. Nonetheless, by 1998, the economy was in a "dismal state" according to a reliable source, with many residents on welfare. By that time, the Paradise Club had been torn down and the Flamingo had been closed down.
723:, Idlewild booster John O. Meeks described the community as follows. "We have three motels here now. There used to be 35. We have one restaurant. There used to be 25. I don’t expect it to be what it once was, but I do believe it deserves a future." Journalist Salena Zito added that "Idlewild is not a complete ghost town. Its pristine lakes remain home to a couple of hundred people — mostly those left over from its heyday — and a few newcomers such as township supervisor Carrington-Atkins, who recently bought the perfectly preserved home of famed black author
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entrepreneurs began to invest in
Idlewild. Phil Giles, Arthur "Big Daddy" Braggs, William N. "Sunnie" Wilson, and a host of other African American businessmen and women took advantage of the market by purchasing property on Williams Island and Paradise Gardens, and began developing these areas into an elaborate nightspot and business center. (According to one reliable source, Braggs financed his Idlewood business with revenues from illegal activities.)
738:"due to the vacated neighborhoods: block-after-block of deserted homes and yards. Many whole blocks are completely deserted & vacant except for the crumbling shacks that were once homes", confirmed by a series of photos. Nonetheless, a series of events was planned for 2019, such as The 5th Annual Idlewild Education, Empowerment and Music Festival weekend (July 13–14), with guests including an original Braggs Fiesta Doll Dancer, Carlean Gill.
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489:'s political machine, and others as potential investors. For the majority of these professionals who brought their families, the idea of land ownership conveyed black social status and membership in this community, something that enforced segregation prevented African Americans from obtaining beyond the community of Idlewild. Eventually, Idlewild would become known as the "Black Eden of Michigan".
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303:, Chapter 7, the population was under 1,000 in 2019, and numerous buildings were vacant. The Idlewild African American Chamber of Commerce, founded in 2000 by John O. Meeks, continues to promote existing local businesses and seeking new ones. It is also striving to attract more visitors to the area, with events and other strategies, in hopes of resuscitating the once lively town.
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and Pearl's Bar provided summer entertainment for tourists and employment opportunities for seasonal and year-round residents in the community. The Pere
Marquette Railroad built a branch line to the area by 1923, a post office opened that same year, and the Idlewild Fire Department was established soon after. Following the flow of these significant establishments, a host of new
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678:, business in Idlewild declined. Other vacation resorts were beginning to accommodate African-American visitors, and with federal law requiring that they be accepted anywhere, African Americans began taking advantage of this opportunity. Many went to the Florida beaches and Las Vegas casinos, for example, limiting the number arriving at Idlewild. According to
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Idlewild", describes it as "the hunter's paradise" renowned "for its beautiful lakes of pure spring water" and "its myriads of game fish". Promoters of the area also emphasized the lack of prejudice and the freedom of movement for blacks "without ostracism and hatred", in a town where they could truly feel like "American citizens".
338:), organized IRC during the pre-World War I era. To secure land rights, Erastus Branch built a cabin, homesteaded the land for three years, and eventually obtained the title to the land through his Branch, Anderson & Tyrrell Real Estate Company, which became the central focus of the resort community.
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townships throughout the 1950s and early 1960s. Arthur Braggs produced singers, dancers, showgirls, and entertainers who performed in the Fiesta Room at the
Paradise Club from May to September, starting in summer 1950, helping Idlewild become the "Summer Apollo of Michigan". Not all club patrons were
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Idlewild gained national stature among
African Americans during the period between the World Wars. For example, the Idlewild Land Owners Association had members from over thirty-four states in the country. In addition, the Purple Palace, the Flamingo, the Paradise Club, Idlewild Club, Rosanna Tavern,
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field secretary
William Pickens, H. Franklin and Virginia Bray (a missionary and his wife who together founded the first formal church in Idlewild), and the Reverend Robert L. Bradby, Sr. of Second Baptist Church of Detroit (who contributed to the development of the Idlewild Lot Owners Association).
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In a 2017 interview, local businessman John O. Meeks recalled the past. "At its high point, between the '40s and early '60s, nearly 30,000 folks would descend on here in the summer. Hundreds of black-owned businesses thrived. This place was hopping ... We had a roller-skating rink for the kids, our
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The
Idlewild Historic and Cultural Center was open Saturdays in 2019 and offered a self-guided driving tour of the community with stops including the remains of the Flamingo Club, the Paradise Club, and some of the previous homes of prominent individuals. The National Idlewilders Club continues to
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Called the "Black Eden of
Michigan", from 1912 through the mid-1960s, Idlewild was an active year-round community and was visited by well-known entertainers and professionals from throughout the country. At its peak, it was one of the most popular resorts in the Midwest and as many as 25,000 would
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The
Paradise Club showgirls and chorus girls, with guest entertainers, performed not only in Idlewild but also on the road in the off-season as the Arthur Braggs Idlewild Revue. The appeared in cities such as Montreal, Toronto, Boston, Kansas City, Chicago and to New York; in Manhattan, the group
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IRC had acquired over 2,700 acres (11 km) of land. The company sold a good deal of that land, and then turned the island in
Idlewild Lake over to Williams and Louis B. Anderson of Chicago, and Robert Riffe and William Green of Cleveland, who collaboratively formed the Idlewild Improvement
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Following World War II, Idlewild attracted what some sociologists have labeled the new
African American "working" middle class. With the construction of a few paved roads in Idlewild, a reinvestment in the township's only post office, and greater availability of electricity, a new generation of
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cities, taking them on tours of the rustic community, and selling lots. Their ads in major news media offered lots at $ 1 down and $ 1 per month, and cited the hunting, fishing, boating and horseback riding opportunities. A 1919 pamphlet used by IRC to promote the community, entitled "Beautiful
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made it nearly impossible for African Americans to thrive in American society, many searched for a safe haven. Idlewild became a place where one could be within miles of prominent cities such as Chicago, while remaining concealed within the surrounding woods of the newfound African American
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was organized by Baptist Minister Reverend Robert L. Bradby in the 1920s and 1930s. These week-long events added an intellectual flavor to the recreational life in the community, attracted people from across the country, and were praised by Michigan Republican Governor
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began entering the community. With new establishments on the rise, and the growing population of people, Idlewild began to mirror the appearance of a prominent American society. By the mid-1920s, over 6,000 people had purchased some 17,000 lots in the area.
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was founded by Sunnie Wilson and other prominent Detroiters who spent their summers in Idlewild. The founding purpose of the group was to aid in support of charitable and civic endeavors and promote social entertainment and recreation in Idlewild.
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One folk saying suggests that the community's name refers to "idle men and wild women". Current residents embrace this version of the story by selling playful T-shirts with this phrase at the annual Idlewilders summer festivals.
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The national recession in the early 1970s further contributed to an economic downturn in Idlewild, which led to a population decline as local employment options dwindled. Idlewild became a lesser-known family vacation and
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Braggs showcased stars such as Della Reese, T-Bone Walker, The Four Tops, Roy Hamilton, and Jackie Wilson as headliners who appeared at the Paradise Club. They also toured the nation as part of the Arthur Braggs Idlewild
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article summarized the town's legacy as follows: "Despite this decline, Idlewild symbolized the heyday of the combination of race, leisure, and geography to create a briefly prosperous community through niche tourism".
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Many African American entertainers of the period performed in Idlewild, particularly at the Paradise Club managed by Arthur Braggs. (The Flamingo Club, managed by Phil Giles, had lesser-known entertainers, although
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In the 1970s township officials organized a planning commission, zoning board, and other initiatives as a way to encourage community input and to offer specific practical solutions to improve the community.
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705:(CDBG) were obtained for demolition, additional roadwork, and other structural changes, which resulted in a complete makeover of the island, renamed "Williams Island" in honor of early community leader Dr.
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come to Idlewild in the height of the summer season to enjoy camping, swimming, boating, fishing, hunting, horseback riding, roller skating, and night-time entertainment. When the
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The state of Michigan invested funds for a 10-year strategic plan for Idlewild completed in 2013 as the Tourism Development Strategy For Idlewild, Michigan.
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region has large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the
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land developers and their wives organized the Idlewild Resort Company (IRC). Erastus and Flora Branch, Adelbert and Isabelle Branch (from nearby
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black, as one resident recalled. On some nights, "there were more white people in there than blacks. It wasn’t about race, it was about fun".
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organize annual events. The Idlewild Historic & Cultural Center displays memorabilia and photographs of the town's most active years.
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In 1966 Idlewild lost its last nearby train access in Baldwin when the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway terminated service on its Grand Rapids-
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own fire department and a post office". Other sources indicate 25,000 visitors as a more common number during peak times in summer.
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IIA encouraged this new influx of community leaders to foster racial pride, economic development, decency, and respect to Idlewild.
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Urban Green: Nature, Recreation, and the Working Class in Industrial Chicago by Colin Fisher, University of North Carolina Press
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659:. Braggs' show helped Idlewild become a major entertainment center and contributed to the financial prosperity of the area.
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Madame C.J. Walker, the first self-made U.S. woman millionaire of any race, owned property in Idlewild, Michigan.
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route (shortened from its Petoskey terminus), with a timed transfer in Grand Rapids to Chicago-bound trains.
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five miles to the west. The Pere Marquette Railway ran trains west from Idlewild's station to Baldwin, then
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History: Dr. Daniel Hale Williams and Idlewild by Professor Ronald J. Stephens, University of Nebraska
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Dunklin, Cortney; Reynolds, Corean; Voltaire, Emilio; Winans, Nathalie; Wojciechowski, Matthew (2013).
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The cottage started by Albert Cleage in the 1940s was expanded by his sons Louis, Hugh, and Henry.
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with sleeping cars from Chicago and Detroit via Grand Rapids from June to September, stopping in
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were allowed to vacation and purchase property, before discrimination was outlawed through the
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Idlewild: The Black Eden of Michigan by Professor Ronald J. Stephens, University of Nebraska
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646:. Many other performers, entertained both Idlewilders and white citizens in neighboring
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Association (IIA) and helped build the clubhouse. IIA sold property to such notables as
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682:, "it was integration that killed Idlewild. Blacks no longer had to remain invisible".
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437:. 3 IIA was also responsible for recruiting other middle-class professionals, such as
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Idlewild was founded in 1912. During this period, a small yet clearly distinguishable
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ended the Ludington to Saginaw trains through Idlewild in the latter months of 1949.
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prevented them from recreational pursuits in most resort destinations in the region.
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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727:. And yet, many of its houses are empty, its storefronts fallen victim to nature".
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Idlewild: The Rise, Decline, and Rebirth of a Unique African American Resort Town
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Idlewild: The Rise, Decline, and Rebirth of a Unique African American Resort Town
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Idlewild: The Rise, Decline, and Rebirth of a Unique African American Resort Town
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1634:"Chesapeake and Ohio Railway, Table 53, freight only, November 1950 schedule".
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The Land Was Ours: How Black Beaches Became White Wealth in the Coastal South
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began to settle in the community, some relocated as activists and members of
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
2470:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
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697:, primarily attracting retirees who remembered it from its boom period.
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opened up other resorts in many states to African-Americans, Idlewild's
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Cheseapeake and Ohio/Baltimore and Ohio timetable, April 1966, Table 4
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
327:
280:. The community encompasses Lake Idlewild, and the headwaters of the
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369:, who in 1893 was the first surgeon in the United States to perform
2023:"Idlewild Empowerment & Music Festival Weekend | Michigan"
1953:
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2161:“Michigan’s Other Motown” Lakeshore Guardian article by Randy Karr
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1979:"MICH. GHOST TOWN: The Eerie, Deserted Neighborhoods of Idlewild"
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3014:
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
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Idlewild, Michigan on Google Maps (Satellite Images Available)
2116:"2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Lake County, MI"
1830:
334:), Wilbur M. and Mayme Lemon, and A.E. and Modolin Wright (of
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National Register of Historic Places in Lake County, Michigan
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Wakefield, Larry; Wakefield, Lawrence (December 21, 1994).
1554:"The Historical Context for Understanding Idlewild's Past"
483:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
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One prominent personality to relocate to Idlewild was Dr.
523:. At Saginaw the trains were timed to meet with separate
319:. Despite having the financial means for leisure travel,
27:
Unincorporated community in Yates Township, Michigan, USA
1642:(8). National Railway Publication Company. January 1950.
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2207:
1623:(3). National Railway Publication Company. August 1949.
1382:"The abandoned 'Black Eden' is prepared for a comeback"
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Though not quite a "ghost town" as claimed in the book
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Idlewild, Michigan Census Data from U.S. Census Bureau
1793:
Toast of the Town: The Life and Times of Sunnie Wilson
2208:
Idlewild African American Chamber of Commerce Website
1875:"Tourism Development Strategy for Idlewild, Michigan"
1604:(1). National Railway Publication Company. June 1941.
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All of Yates Township, including Idlewild, is in the
662:
Some of the amenities in Idlewood were advertised in
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Unincorporated communities in Lake County, Michigan
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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1796:. Great Lakes books. Wayne State University Press.
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1928:"Do You Know Detroit? – Idlewild | Hot 107.5"
1856:"What's Next for Idlewild, Michigan's Black Eden?"
3059:Populated places established by African Americans
2591:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
345:IRC organized excursions to attract middle class
1683:
1681:
1679:
670:Decline and redevelopment efforts (1964–present)
2983:National Register of Historic Places portal
1826:"'Black Eden,' the Town That Segregation Built"
1535:"'Black Eden,' The Town That Segregation Built"
1453:"Once a paradise, Idlewild hopes to rise again"
1735:"The Arthur Braggs Idlewild Revue (1954-1964)"
1655:"The Arthur Braggs Idlewild Revue (1954-1964)"
1615:"Chesapeake and Ohio Railway, Tables 50, 53".
462:After segregation and enforced segregation of
2515:
2243:
2187:"A Context for Understanding Idlewild's Past"
1355:Idlewild African American Chamber of Commerce
1308:Idlewild African American Chamber of Commerce
730:In February 2019, East Lansing radio station
8:
2319:Map of Michigan highlighting Lake County.svg
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1760:Stephens, Ronald J. (September 30, 2013).
769:
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2531:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
2049:"5th Annual Idlewild Empowerment Weekend"
1220:"Snyder - Idlewild Centennial Commission"
485:(NAACP), others as believers of the late
51:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1860:National Trust for Historic Preservation
566:, did perform there.) The list included
1958:Idlewild Historic & Cultural Center
1157:
1059:
479:Universal Negro Improvement Association
3039:Unincorporated communities in Michigan
1785:
1783:
1505:. Arcadia Publishing. pp. 30–31.
1499:Ronald J. Stephens (August 11, 2001).
1195:"A Context for Understanding Idlewild"
1166:"National Register Information System"
481:(UNIA), some as followers of Du Bois'
34:
1997:"Fiesta Doll « Seeking Michigan"
1790:Sunnie Wilson; John Cohassey (1998).
1405:. University of Michigan. p. 16.
766:, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
458:The height of popularity (1920s–1964)
264:, a rural part of northwestern lower
245:Idlewild State Historical Designation
7:
3034:African-American history of Michigan
1733:Ronald J. Stephens (March 3, 2014).
1653:Ronald J. Stephens (March 3, 2014).
1502:Idlewild: The Black Eden of Michigan
1451:Carlisle, John (November 30, 2014).
1329:"People in Zip 49642 (Idlewild, MI)"
1171:National Register of Historic Places
773:Climate data for Idlewild, Michigan
562:and Detroit's "Queen of the Blues",
1854:Weible, David (February 28, 2018).
429:, Albert B. Cleage Sr. of Detroit,
2946:National Historic Preservation Act
2258:Municipalities and communities of
1472:Kahrl, Andrew W. (June 27, 2016).
1245:. Detroit: OmniData. p. 328.
703:Community Development Block Grants
252:is an unincorporated community in
25:
3029:African-American cultural history
2213:Historic Idlewild Project Website
1241:Woodford, Arthur M., ed. (2012).
276:. The surrounding area is within
2988:
2987:
2976:
2185:Prof Ronald J. Stephens (2001).
2105:Retrieved on September 22, 2013.
1766:. University of Michigan Press.
1712:. University of Michigan Press.
1122:
1110:
1098:
1086:
1074:
1062:
129:
122:
104:
97:
3044:Houses in Lake County, Michigan
1903:"Idlewild - Idlewild, Michigan"
1689:"Idlewild, Michigan (1912- ) •"
1596:"Pere Marquette, Tables 1, 6".
1093:Idlewild Lot Owners Association
674:Following the enactment of the
284:extends throughout the region.
2899:Federated States of Micronesia
2545:Architectural style categories
1824:Robinson, Amy (July 5, 2012).
1636:Official Guide of the Railways
1617:Official Guide of the Railways
1598:Official Guide of the Railways
1380:Zito, Salena (June 11, 2017).
1081:Herman & Lela Wilson House
220:
1:
3024:Michigan State Historic Sites
1147:The Negro Motorist Green Book
760:Köppen Climate Classification
664:The Negro Motorist Green Book
467:community. As this new black
313:African American middle class
138:Show map of the United States
326:Seeing an opportunity, four
69:Michigan State Historic Site
32:United States historic place
1706:Ronald J. Stephens (2013).
1401:Ronald J. Stephens (2013).
892:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
822:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
533:Chesapeake and Ohio Railway
3080:
2951:Historic Preservation Fund
2930:American Legation, Morocco
2178:November 23, 2016, at the
1572:"Idlewild: The Black Eden"
1069:Daniel Hale Williams House
1035:
772:
531:. The PM's successor, the
519:; and trains went east to
307:Establishment (1912–1920s)
43:Idlewild Historic District
18:Idlewild Historic District
2971:
2892:Lists by associated state
2475:
2312:
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2166:October 26, 2006, at the
1417:"Idlewild Music Festival"
1289:– via Google Books.
1050:Baldwin Community Schools
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764:humid continental climate
719:In a 2017 interview with
433:of Chicago, and novelist
219:NRHP reference
198:1,300 acres (530 ha)
91:
79:
75:
66:
57:
48:
41:
37:
3064:African-American resorts
2873:Northern Mariana Islands
1272:. Northmont Publishing.
1117:Idlewild Cultural Center
734:described Idlewild as a
725:Charles Waddell Chesnutt
676:Civil Rights Act of 1964
608:Lottie "the Body" Graves
544:Detroit Idlewilders Club
417:, cosmetic entrepreneur
278:Manistee National Forest
274:Civil Rights Act of 1964
211:Architectural style
1269:Ghost Towns of Michigan
762:system, Idlewild has a
527:-originating trains to
301:Ghost Towns of Michigan
256:, located just east of
2868:Minor Outlying Islands
2851:Lists by insular areas
2565:Keeper of the Register
2320:
1243:The Michigan Companion
503:Pere Marquette Railway
405:
246:
60:U.S. Historic district
2570:National Park Service
2550:Contributing property
2318:
2261:Lake County, Michigan
1176:National Park Service
1036:Source: Weatherbase
680:National Public Radio
403:
332:White Cloud, Michigan
290:1964 Civil Rights Act
244:
179:43.89139°N 85.78278°W
2925:District of Columbia
2488:United States portal
2103:. Weatherbase. 2013.
2076:"Idlewild, Michigan"
2029:on February 21, 2019
2003:on February 21, 2019
1985:. February 18, 2019.
1934:on February 21, 2019
1558:Provident Foundation
1552:Ronald J. Stephens.
707:Daniel Hale Williams
695:retirement community
487:Booker T. Washington
445:The annual Idlewild
397:, and other cities.
367:Daniel Hale Williams
282:Pere Marquette River
113:Show map of Michigan
86:Community Tabernacle
1478:. UNC Press Books.
1423:on February 3, 2023
435:Charles W. Chesnutt
349:professionals from
184:43.89139; -85.78278
175: /
2321:
2123:U.S. Census Bureau
1695:. January 5, 2011.
1458:Detroit Free Press
406:
371:open-heart surgery
321:racial segregation
247:
214:Bungalow/Craftsman
153:Idlewild, Michigan
3001:
3000:
2555:Historic district
2497:
2496:
2101:"Weatherbase.com"
1485:978-1-4696-2873-8
1279:978-1-878005-65-6
1252:978-0-9798648-4-1
1178:. March 13, 2009.
1105:The Flamingo Club
1052:school district.
1040:
1039:
655:performed at the
419:Madam C.J. Walker
296:period subsided.
270:African-Americans
239:
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16:(Redirected from
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1331:. Bestplaces.net
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612:the Rhythm Kings
427:Lemuel L. Foster
347:African American
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604:Choker Campbell
460:
423:Fisk University
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508:Resort Special
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415:W.E.B. Du Bois
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616:Sarah Vaughan
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592:The Four Tops
589:
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584:T-Bone Walker
581:
580:Jackie Wilson
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564:Alberta Adams
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542:In 1952, the
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495:entrepreneurs
490:
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475:Marcus Garvey
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464:Jim Crow laws
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452:Fred W. Green
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2797:South Dakota
2787:Rhode Island
2782:Pennsylvania
2762:North Dakota
2436:
2280:
2190:. Retrieved
2128:February 26,
2126:. Retrieved
2110:
2095:
2083:. Retrieved
2079:
2070:
2060:December 17,
2058:. Retrieved
2052:
2043:
2033:February 20,
2031:. Retrieved
2027:the original
2017:
2007:February 20,
2005:. Retrieved
2001:the original
1991:
1982:
1973:
1961:. Retrieved
1957:
1948:
1938:February 20,
1936:. Retrieved
1932:the original
1922:
1912:December 17,
1910:. Retrieved
1906:
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1887:December 17,
1885:. Retrieved
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1809:February 20,
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1664:February 20,
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1581:December 17,
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1518:February 20,
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1425:. Retrieved
1421:the original
1411:
1402:
1396:
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1360:December 17,
1358:. Retrieved
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1335:September 7,
1333:. Retrieved
1323:
1313:December 17,
1311:. Retrieved
1307:
1285:December 21,
1283:. Retrieved
1268:
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1242:
1236:
1228:the original
1224:Michigan.gov
1223:
1214:
1204:December 17,
1202:. Retrieved
1198:
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1160:
1141:Borscht Belt
1047:
966:mm (inches)
753:
742:
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729:
718:
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711:
699:
691:
684:
673:
661:
653:
620:Cab Calloway
600:Brook Benton
596:Roy Hamilton
588:George Kirby
576:Bill Doggett
560:LaVern Baker
556:
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444:
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391:Grand Rapids
364:
357:, and other
344:
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286:
249:
248:
235:June 7, 1979
29:
2918:Other areas
2878:Puerto Rico
2712:Mississippi
2627:Connecticut
2418:communities
2276:County seat
2080:Weatherbase
1882:ced.msu.edu
648:Lake County
640:Fats Waller
568:Della Reese
413:co-founder
262:Lake County
182: /
158:Coordinates
3008:Categories
2827:Washington
2747:New Mexico
2742:New Jersey
2617:California
2396:Sweetwater
2192:August 26,
2054:Eventbrite
1983:99wfmk.com
1739:Black Past
1693:Black Past
1659:Black Past
1512:0738518905
1427:August 31,
1153:References
743:Black Past
736:ghost town
572:Al Hibbler
447:Chautauqua
425:president
359:Midwestern
170:85°46′58″W
167:43°53′29″N
2837:Wisconsin
2802:Tennessee
2707:Minnesota
2682:Louisiana
2466:Footnotes
2457:Wolf Lake
2361:Ellsworth
2328:Townships
1199:iaacc.com
1044:Education
632:B.B. King
517:Ludington
395:St. Louis
375:Cleveland
2993:Category
2822:Virginia
2772:Oklahoma
2752:New York
2727:Nebraska
2717:Missouri
2702:Michigan
2692:Maryland
2677:Kentucky
2657:Illinois
2632:Delaware
2622:Colorado
2612:Arkansas
2437:Idlewild
2293:Villages
2176:Archived
2164:Archived
2085:July 10,
1963:July 10,
1304:"Events"
1135:See also
962:Average
756:climatic
525:Bay City
505:ran the
294:boomtown
266:Michigan
250:Idlewild
226:79001160
151:U.S. 10,
148:Location
2939:Related
2842:Wyoming
2817:Vermont
2722:Montana
2662:Indiana
2642:Georgia
2637:Florida
2607:Arizona
2597:Alabama
2447:Peacock
2376:Peacock
2371:Newkirk
2301:Baldwin
2283:Baldwin
1539:NPR.org
1031:(32.2)
750:Climate
741:A 2011
529:Detroit
521:Saginaw
513:Baldwin
387:Detroit
383:Indiana
379:Chicago
355:Chicago
351:Detroit
336:Chicago
258:Baldwin
2777:Oregon
2732:Nevada
2672:Kansas
2647:Hawaii
2602:Alaska
2538:Topics
2452:Sauble
2426:Branch
2401:Webber
2391:Sauble
2381:Pinora
2306:Luther
2149:
1954:"Home"
1800:
1770:
1716:
1671:Revue.
1509:
1482:
1351:"Home"
1276:
1249:
1056:Images
1026:(2.1)
1021:(2.9)
1016:(2.9)
1011:(3.4)
1006:(3.1)
1001:(2.8)
996:(3.4)
991:(2.8)
986:(2.8)
981:(2.1)
976:(1.7)
971:(2.2)
778:Month
642:, and
2909:Palau
2807:Texas
2687:Maine
2652:Idaho
2442:Irons
2432:Chase
2406:Yates
2346:Dover
2336:Chase
2119:(PDF)
1878:(PDF)
957:(33)
952:(17)
947:(27)
942:(36)
937:(46)
932:(53)
927:(54)
922:(51)
917:(42)
912:(31)
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852:(79)
847:(70)
842:(57)
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832:(32)
827:(29)
817:Year
754:This
439:NAACP
411:NAACP
328:white
203:Built
2863:Guam
2812:Utah
2767:Ohio
2667:Iowa
2366:Lake
2351:Eden
2194:2006
2147:ISBN
2130:2023
2087:2022
2062:2023
2035:2019
2009:2019
1965:2022
1940:2019
1914:2023
1889:2023
1811:2019
1798:ISBN
1768:ISBN
1747:2019
1714:ISBN
1666:2019
1583:2023
1520:2019
1507:ISBN
1480:ISBN
1429:2024
1362:2023
1337:2022
1315:2023
1287:2023
1274:ISBN
1247:ISBN
1206:2023
814:Dec
811:Nov
808:Oct
805:Sep
802:Aug
799:Jul
796:Jun
793:May
790:Apr
787:Mar
784:Feb
781:Jan
732:WFMK
501:The
206:1915
195:Area
2356:Elk
1831:NPR
1029:820
900:−12
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221:No.
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969:56
950:−8
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930:12
925:12
920:11
910:−1
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870:16
865:23
860:27
855:28
850:26
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840:14
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