726:, but he has finally regained his hearing. The group has to slow down, and Mr. Pavan grows nervous. Mr. Pavan learns that Carlo is the reason Novak is stalking them, and when his turn comes to carry him, he lags behind until he has a chance to bring the child to Novak, hoping he would let them go. Novak finally meets his son, but is ambushed by Ettore. Novak proposes to let the child decide where to go, but Carlo says he wants to go back to his mother. Ettore orders Novak and his men to drop their weapons, that are picked up by three Italian soldiers that Francesco had just stumbled upon. They leave Novak and his men unarmed and alive, and they proceed.
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1324:, but Italian is used by Slavs also in those scenes where Italians are present too, and are therefore able to understand what they are saying (though Istrian Slavic population could understand Italian, most Italians had no particular knowledge of the Slavic languages). Some Slavic words can be heard in the background, but are not used in the main dialogues. Further, the Slavs refer to each other as "Slavs", rather than
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by a partisan. Ettore and the other
Italians continue to resist from their vantage position, and in the end only Novak and Ettore are left. Francesco, who has found a gun, runs back to the fortress to avenge his parents and kill Novak; Don Bruno runs after him, but arrives only in time to take the bullet from Novak's gun and save Francesco's life with his own; Ettore manages to grab a rifle and kills Novak.
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634:. They escape from the partisans' pursue by using a rope to reach the sea, but, to buy time and seal the door behind them, Giulia leaves them and surrenders to Novak. Walter reaches the coastal battery and confronts Novak, accusing him of genocide. Novak responds that that land is theirs, not the Italians', and that the Italians still have to pay a large debt (implied, in lives).
22:
666:, attracting Novak's attention. The children have to waste precious time as Ettore bears them out of the minefield, and are eventually cornered by Novak's forces. Novak, knowing they can hear him, threatens to kill Walter, still his prisoner, if his son is not brought to him. As Walter yells to them not to surrender because Novak is killing all the Italians, Novak shoots him.
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719:. Their car (a luxury for the times) has stalled and they are stranded with their luggage. The Pavans try to protect their wealth and provisions, and do not allow their well-dressed children to talk to the others. Yet, they join the group as they do not have alternatives, trying to bring with them part of their cumbersome luggage for some time.
525:. Meanwhile, the Germans leave the village, which is taken shortly afterwards by the partisans. Novak enters a school, interrupting a music lesson of Francesco's mother, and orders all Italian books to be burnt. From this point, Novak will usually whistle the song the children were singing at various parts in the movie, making it his
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The director claims to have been completely free of political influences during the film's production. His defenders claim that, in the movie, previous fascist crimes are vaguely recalled but not dwelled upon in order to avoid appearing to promote the idea that one crime justifies another. They point
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Exiting the complex, Walter meets
Francesco and Ettore, who has in the meantime escaped pursue by partisans. Ettore, disguised with a partisan's uniform, starts pouring gasoline through the base, taking advantage of the fact that most soldiers are drunk. At the same time, in the base, Bostjan rapes a
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At the abandoned fortress, Don Bruno quickly marries Ettore and Anja, since this could be their last time together. Mr. Pavan is forced to remain and fight, even if he tries to bribe his way out. When Novak and a dozen of his soldiers arrive, Mr. Pavan tries to surrender, only to be shot in the back
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However, Novak surrendered easily because he knew the road to
Gorizia was blocked, and that he had time to regroup. As the children's group, together with the soldiers, is forced to move towards the coastline, they find an abandoned fortress. Ettore and the Italian soldiers decide to remain there to
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While the partisans are busy trying to contain the damage, Walter liberates Don Bruno and tells him to go with the children to
Gorizia by the mountains, to avoid partisan patrols. Don Bruno finds and liberates Anja, still shocked by Bostjan's rape, while Walter finds Giulia. Ettore, in the meantime,
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of the same war. It turns out that Novak wants all the children of the village to check, one by one, which one will react to the sight of Marta, whom he has kidnapped and keeps in his camp. Just before Carlo's turn, Anja manages to infiltrate the camp and take away Carlo and
Francesco, with Ettore's
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Novak brings the remaining
Italian prisoners to another foiba, and guns them down in front of Walter and Giulia, who are kept aside. He then brings Giulia to the brink of the foiba, and asks her to come back to him, telling her he still loves her. Giulia eventually smiles to him, and jumps into the
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around the orphanage. Don Bruno, then, is forced to admit there still are children, and calls them out loud—but only the Slavic ones, thinking they do not have anything to fear from Novak. Novak, again not falling for Don Bruno's bluff, orders to set fire to the gasoline; the children have to
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With the help of Ettore, Francesco and Carlo finally manage to reach Don Bruno's orphanage. Shortly after, Novak and his partisans reach the orphanage. Don Bruno, Anja and Ettore hide all the children, hoping that Novak will believe they have left to Italy. Novak, however, understands the priest's
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Meanwhile, the children and Anja are found by
Bostjan and one of his partisans, but as Bostjan threatens to execute Anja, Ettore arrives, immobilizes Bostjan and kills the other partisan. As Bostjan tries to grab a weapon, Ettore kills him too. Anja, shocked by the memories of her rape by Bostjan
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associations of exiles. It has been told that this delicate subject should not have been presented in a low quality movie, and should have been an historically correct production. It has been told that this movie was a terrible idea, because it was able to reopen sharp wounds between Italy and
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The following morning, the children's group reaches a small boat. Anja, still struggling with the memories of her rape, does not want to leave, but Don Bruno convinces her to continue. Ettore has by now understood that something terrible has happened, even if it is not clear how much he knows.
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The movie was also used by
Slovene and Croatian nationalistic movements, which claimed that the production was the "typical" Italian point of view about the problem. On the contrary, the movie collected only critics in Italy where it was defended just by its "political sponsor", the "Alleanza
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Most of the controversy is based on the good vs. evil depiction made of the conflict between
Italians and Slavs, with many Italians being pictured as positive and many Slavs as evil, with the exceptions of Fabrizio, an Italian, Anja (an Italian's Slavic girlfriend) and all of the children.
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The four children, having nowhere to go, reach Novak's camp and, whistling a code, find out that Don Bruno is in there. Francesco confronts Walter, a friend of his parents, who is still collaborating with the partisans; however, it turns out that he has been kept in the dark about Novak's
565:. Believing he cannot take care for him anymore, Francesco tries to bring Carlo back to Don Bruno's orphanage. On their way there, they see a convoy of partisans transporting Italian civilians, among them Francesco's parents. The civilians are gunned down by the partisans and thrown in a
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would rather believe an
Italian woman than a Slavic man. The movie does not give a clear answer as to whose version of the story is true. Novak comes back to Giulia to claim his child, but she refuses to give him up. She attracts the attention of German soldiers and Novak must flee.
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Some Italians from Istria have pointed out that Yugoslav partisans did not embark in mass deportations during the day, but targeted specific persons and kidnapped them during the night. There are no records of deportations of children or separation of parents and children either.
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Novak brings the children to his camp, again to show them to Giulia to understand whether one of them is his son. Don Bruno, when questioned, refuses to point out the child to Novak, because he considers him an assassin; Don Bruno is then kept prisoner by Novak.
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The partisans start rounding up civilians, taking away everybody including children. Eventually, Francesco's family is also captured along with Carlo. On the trucks they are loaded on, children are separated from their parents, a scene that hints at Nazi
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as soon as they had handed over their arms. Ettore, after remembering them, takes back his guns from a cache he had left in a building close to his comrades' graves, and symbolically returns to be a soldier. He uses some
1237:. In fact, the Italian monarchic flag was the flag of an enemy state. The choice of the more politically neutral monarchic flag seems a way to hide the fact that Italians were subordinate allies of Nazi Germany.
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who is tired of war and drops his rifle in disgust when Francesco mentions that he likes heroes of war. Ettore has come back to see his girlfriend Anja again, who is Slavic and works at Don Bruno's orphanage.
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Don Bruno has to give Carlo to Francesco's family, because he thinks his orphanage is too dangerous for him. Francesco and Carlo become officially brothers, even if Francesco at first rejects him.
831:. Free from any obligations to real history, the Italian soldiers are pictured as those of the regular army, whereas at the time and in the region the only Italian formations could be that of the
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being captured is dubious, as the concept of Italian fascism and its association with German Nazism and their crimes in the region are only vaguely mentioned in this war drama. Many (especially
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It is also claimed that Italian soldiers are pictured as pure, generous and altruistic, even though the only armed forces they could come from were the Italian Social Republics, such as the
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The movie was watched by 17 million people on its first broadcast in Italy. It was the first time that a major TV event was broadcast in Italy about the dramas of Foibe and Istrian Exodus.
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When the Yugoslavian partisans enter Francesco's village, they burn the Italian monarchic flag and raise the Yugoslavian one. However, in 1945 Istria was not under the control of the
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named Novak, who has now become a partisan leader. It appears that Novak had raped Giulia, but Novak will later claim Giulia reported him to the police to get rid of him. The Italian
1332:. In fact, the movie completely ignores the fact that Croats and Slovenes were ethnically and linguistically distinct, and operates with a fictitious "Slavic" ethnicity throughout.
619:. Walter offers himself to help contact Don Bruno, since he still has access to the partisans' base. He discovers that Anja and Giulia are also imprisoned in the same facility.
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Slovenia, and in effect the movie was not welcomed in this Country. One year later, as a reaction, Slovenia introduced a new national holiday, for the "Unification of the
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foiba. Novak, shocked, orders his troops to chase the children's group, but one of his lieutenants, Drasko, protests that the Communist party's orders are to march on
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Giulia is finally reunited with her son Carlo, and together with Don Bruno, Ettore, Anja, Francesco and other children they take refuge in an abandoned
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helpless Anja. While Novak is interrogating Don Bruno, Ettore ignites the gasoline, causing a series of chain explosions in the base's weapon caches.
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As the children's group continue their escape, Ettore and Don Bruno visit the graves of Ettore's former comrades-in-arms. A group of veterans from
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Fearing for Carlo's safety, Giulia burns all his pictures so that Novak will not be able to recognize him, and gives Carlo to Don Bruno, the local
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Ettore and Francesco find Anja and the other children in a long line of refugees bound for a merchant ship that will bring them back to Italy.
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The group reaches another village, which proves to be devoid of any people. There, they meet the Pavans, an upper-class family fleeing from
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delay the advance of Novak's soldiers, who are chasing them, accepting the implication that they will likely not survive the fight.
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finds most of the Italian prisoners in the base and liberates them, but most of them are rapidly recaptured by the partisans.
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Carlo and Francesco lose contact with their friends and return to an emptied home village. While waiting for help, German
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corps, still carrying his rifle, arrives at home. The armistice was in September 1943. Where has he been all this time?
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The slavs presented in a better light were Anja, girlfriend of an Italian soldier, and a few other minor characters.
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You coward! If you had not thrown away your rifle, if those like you had defended us, my parents would not be dead!
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The children's group is meanwhile proceeding through the mountains, avoiding partisan patrols. Trying to catch a
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992:, where a major point of propaganda was the "honor" of not surrendering to the Allies, but continuing to fight.
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he tries to give a child to a Slav officer in order to buy himself freedom: sacrificing children was a common
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that have come back, tries to commit suicide by jumping off a cliff, but Ettore succeeds in dissuading her.
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schoolteacher Marta. He lives with his parents in the same village as Giulia and Carlo. He meets Ettore, an
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murder the population of entire villages and throw the people into foibe after binding them in iron wire;
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he hides his food from the people (of which many are hungry children) who are saving him and his family;
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In some parts of the movie, there are quotes that could echo themes dear to the extreme right of Italy.
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The Yugoslav partisans are attributed a large number of negative traits: in order of appearance, they:
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out that both good and bad Italian characters are portrayed in the film, as well as both good and bad
651:, not to hunt down children and priests; he eventually leaves Novak, along with a group of partisans.
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All Slavs speak Italian when talking to each other; this could be a way to avoid ample use of
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1173:. Many Jews in Italy have names derived from a city or village, which used to identify their
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Another supposed quote is when Francesco berates Ettore for having stopped fighting the war:
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In addition to the political controversy, many factual mistakes can be found in the film.
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602:. Carlo, Francesco and other two children, however, manage to escape through a conduit.
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One character, Fabrizio Pavan, is one of the antagonists. He could be interpreted as a
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When Francesco questions Ettore's authority to lead the group, Don Bruno replies that:
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betray Italian soldiers who were promised to enter the resistance, and massacre them;
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as soon as the fight begins he tries to surrender, only to be shot dead in the back;
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force Italians out of their village and separate parents from their children;
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murder civilians as a means of intimidating other Italians into submission;
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It is the spring of 1945. Ettore, shaved, wearing a clean uniform of the
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he is unwilling to fight even if it is to save his family because of his
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events in the way they have been described for many decades by Italian
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Nazionale" party, the real ideator of this politic propaganda action.
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As they march on, Carlo is soon unable to walk due to a wound in his
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he is unable to perform practical tasks, such as repairing his car;
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exit, and Anja is recognized by Bostjan and captured for being a
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1185:. However, the director of the movie, Alberto Negrin, is a jew.
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he and his wife are very attached to their money and valuables;
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threaten Italians in order to force them to give up their jobs;
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they do not think twice about firing on a child with a gun.
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by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise.
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The Nazi flag, which would have been flown in the village.
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it's always better that decisions are taken by a soldier.
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The movie received widespread criticism from the Italian
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1023:, historically infamous for their record of war crimes.
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The movie was sharply criticized in Italy, even by the
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1303:) could climb down in a foiba and back up unassisted.
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starts pounding the village, and a shell makes Carlo
484:. She had a child named Carlo six years earlier by a
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Giulia is a woman who earns a living by singing in a
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murder Italian partisans who should be their allies;
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469:'s Yugoslav partisans are rapidly gaining ground.
465:April 1945. The German army is losing the war and
441:. The word "pit" in the movie's title refers to a
1068:betray their Italian allies (Italian partisans);
1370:Article in Italian. Negrin stated: "I'm jew..."
1419:The heart is in the pit, but Istria is missing
496:Francesco is an 8-year-old child, only son of
1181:is very common in north-eastern Italy, among
695:to cut down a large tree in front of Novak's
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1400:Tito's partisans did not come during the day
967:The movie is very clear about claiming that
823:) accused the movie of being tantamount to
50:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1053:one tries to take his son from his mother;
779:. Please do not remove this message until
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1295:When Francesco's parents are thrown in a
1011:This could be interpreted as support for
971:was a planned policy of Tito's partisans.
905:. It has been accused of being a work of
838:. The Italian soldiers were presented as
799:Learn how and when to remove this message
219:Learn how and when to remove this message
201:Learn how and when to remove this message
99:Learn how and when to remove this message
1261:The flag of the Italian Social Republic.
775:Relevant discussion may be found on the
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897:public and politicians, as it portrays
1407:, by Guido Galetto, February 9, 2005.
1047:shoot German soldiers who surrendered;
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139:adding citations to reliable sources
988:This resembles the rhetoric of the
928:The movie, set in Istria (today in
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1403:, article in Trieste's newspaper
1359:("surname") to see its diffusion.
1249:This flag was burnt in the movie.
940:differs a lot from the real one.
231:2005 Italian TV series or program
31:This article has multiple issues.
1531:Films directed by Alberto Negrin
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1059:burn school books in Italian;
819:and some in the left wing of
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1526:2000s Italian-language films
1285:The flag the partisans raise
1217:, but was directly ruled by
1074:throw dogs after them for a
70:This article's plot summary
781:conditions to do so are met
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1521:Italian World War II films
1463:Foibe as seen from Croatia
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1177:in the Middle Ages. Yet,
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361:6 February 2005
1506:Films shot in Montenegro
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1081:set an orphanage ablaze;
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576:. There is also a dying
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1021:Decima Flottiglia MAS
817:Slovenian politicians
813:neutral point of view
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584:The search continues
500:Giorgio Bottini and
421:in the aftermath of
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385:The heart in the pit
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150:"Il Cuore nel Pozzo"
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1470:(in Italian)
1458:(in Serbian)
1443:(in Italian)
1424:(in Italian)
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1231:puppet state
1219:Nazi Germany
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1189:Inaccuracies
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1136:through the
1119:literature:
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277:Leo Gullotta
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133:Please help
128:verification
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33:Please help
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1307:Deportation
1229:, the Nazi
1138:Middle Ages
1117:antisemitic
746:Controversy
688:machine gun
513:New Masters
393:Srce u jami
258:Directed by
191:August 2021
89:August 2021
1501:2005 films
1490:Categories
1467:Drago Hedl
1405:Il Piccolo
1336:References
1233:headed by
1165:His name,
1159:complexion
934:Montenegro
921:(see also
915:Yugoslavia
907:propaganda
899:historical
844:altruistic
825:propaganda
811:Whether a
766:neutrality
730:Last stand
365:2005-02-06
322:Production
244:Written by
161:newspapers
36:improve it
1322:subtitles
1145:cowardice
895:Slovenian
887:left wing
867:Dalmatian
856:Yugoslavs
777:talk page
676:campaigns
660:slingshot
559:artillery
527:leitmotiv
523:orphanage
498:physician
42:talk page
1455:magazine
1326:Croatian
1316:Language
1183:gentiles
903:Fascists
891:politics
876:Slovenia
840:merciful
770:disputed
711:Betrayal
693:dynamite
670:Memories
664:landmine
600:quisling
595:gasoline
531:henchman
437:and the
431:Italians
389:Croatian
327:Producer
268:Starring
1448:Article
1357:Cognome
1330:Slovene
938:scenery
930:Croatia
917:during
863:Istrian
848:rapists
833:Fascist
717:Maresco
684:Albania
658:with a
649:Trieste
478:village
429:of all
406:) is a
397:Slovene
395:and in
381:Italian
363: (
358:Release
317:Italian
175:scholar
79:Please
72:may be
1355:under
1203:Alpini
1175:ghetto
1171:Padova
1032:": -->
952:": -->
680:Greece
642:Choice
554:help.
544:Escape
535:clinic
519:priest
506:Alpino
490:police
482:Istria
474:tavern
435:Istria
345:Editor
177:
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1452:Vreme
1386:Pavan
1353:Pavan
1297:foiba
1179:Pavan
1167:Pavan
1115:from
874:with
724:ankle
701:rifle
591:bluff
567:foiba
502:music
443:foiba
433:from
411:movie
309:Italy
182:JSTOR
168:books
1481:IMDb
1301:rope
1209:Flag
1155:nose
1034:edit
954:edit
893:and
865:and
842:and
763:The
697:jeep
682:and
656:hare
574:wire
571:iron
563:deaf
486:Slav
467:Tito
456:Plot
383:for
154:news
1479:at
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1328:or
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889:of
678:in
578:dog
415:RAI
331:RAI
137:by
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