31:
333:
After World War II, the family moved to Canada. Due to her background as a former communist, Duczynska could not gain an entrance visa to the United States. Karl
Polanyi began his teaching position at Columbia University. He commuted to New York City from Canada. In 1964, Karl Polanyi died. After
329:
When she returned to
England from Bennington, Vermont in 1942/3, she worked in the Political Intelligence department of Foreign Affairs. During World War II she also worked for the Royal Aircraft Establishment testing model aircraft in wind tunnels for a year or perhaps two.
298:
in the preparations for the historic Second
International Congress of Communist Parties. Ilona returned to Vienna in 1920, and subsequently was expelled from the party for "Luxembourgist deviations" and a publication in a journal edited by
345:. Their presence was probably responsible for his receiving a suspended sentence. By this time Duczynska was associated with many leading Hungarian writers and poets. She translated most of the novels and short stories of
257:. Together with delegations from Germany, France, and Britain, as well as other European Labour and Socialist parties, they met to draft a program of action against the war, known as the Zimmerwald Declaration (see
294:
She fled to Vienna to escape the counter-revolution in
Hungary. With an excellent education and knowledge of several languages, she was called to Moscow to serve as translator to
318:. Following the destruction of the Austrian working class movement in February 1934, Duczynska rejoined the Communist Party in order to continue the struggle of the now-illegal
303:, who also fell into disfavor with the party. In 1922, she divorced Sugár. The next year she married Karl Polanyi and their only child Kari was born. From 1927, she edited the
334:
Polanyi's death, she supervised the editing and publication of his posthumous works, and the translation of much of his oeuvre into
Hungarian and several other languages.
311:
In 1929, she returned to university, the
Technical University of Vienna, studying technology, mechanics, mechanical drawing, electronics, and electric number theory.
728:
758:
264:
In
Hungary, she took part in the early 1918 strikes that called successfully for workers' councils. During the Galilei trial, she was imprisoned. In the
733:
668:
McRobbie, Kenneth: "Under the Sign of the pendulum: Childhood
Experience as Determining Revolutionary Consciousness. Ilona Duczynska Polanyi",
288:
245:. She became a revolutionary socialist. For her anti-war activities, she was expelled from school in 1915. She studied engineering at the
748:
718:
753:
249:. There she was befriended by a community of representatives of the Russian Social Democratic Party opposed to the war, including
662:
524:
723:
307:
and organized the left opposition in the Vienna branch of the
Austrian Socialist Party. Her underground name in Vienna was
605:
Dalos, György: "The fidelity of equals: Ilona
Duczynska and Karl Polanyi," pp. 38–42 in Polanyi-Levitt, Kari (ed.),
287:, she worked in the propaganda department of the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs and she was a member of the
233:
to a Hungarian mother and a Polish-Austrian father. In 1915, during the First World War, she became acquainted with
713:
284:
280:
314:
In 1933 Karl emigrated to England followed by Kari in 1934 and Ilona in 1936. Duczynska participated in the
337:
In the 1970s, Duczynska joined the widowed Countess Katalin ("Katus") Károlyi and Júlia Rajk, the widow of
258:
743:
738:
322:, the military arm of the Austrian Social Democratic Party, until 1936 when she joined her family in
346:
326:. Subsequently, she was expelled from the Austrian Communist Party in London on orders from Moscow.
269:
254:
234:
218:
153:
353:
315:
202:
82:
342:
654:
McRobbie, Kenneth: "Education and the Revolutionary Personality: The Case of Ilona Duczynska,"
565:
551:
The Fidelity of Equals: Ilona Duczynska and Karl Polanyi," in The Life and Work of Karl Polanyi
338:
372:"Duczynska Ilona feljegyzései az 1918-as januári sztrájk elözményeiröl," (with Márta Tömöry)
577:
265:
60:
365:"Zum Zerfall der K.P.U." (Notes on the Disintegration of the Communist Party of Hungary),
194:
178:
64:
274:
261:). The 18-year-old Duczynska was entrusted to smuggle this call to action into Hungary.
242:
238:
528:
707:
663:
Ilona Duczynska (1897-1978), From "Early Morning": Memories of a Hungarian Childhood.
525:"Ilona Duczynska (1897-1978) From "Early Morning": Memories of a Hungarian Childhood"
210:
30:
214:
166:
124:
698:
581:
404:
319:
295:
268:, she and other revolutionaries were freed. On November 17, 1918, she married
246:
172:
449:(with Kenneth McRobbie, Toronto; New York; London, Oxford Univ. Press, 1970)
300:
422:
A cselekvés boldogtalan szerelmese (Néhány adalékom Szabó Ervin emlékéhez);
507:
Polanyi Levitt, Kari (May 8, 2014). "ROSA LUXEMBOURG FOUNDATION LECTURE".
341:, in the front row of the trial of the dissident poet and philosopher
323:
230:
213:, journalist, translator, engineer, and historian. Her husband was
417:
Workers in arms: the Austrian Schutzbund and the Civil War of 1934
250:
209:; 11 March 1897 – 24 April 1978) was a Polish-Hungarian-Canadian
395:
Der demokratische Bolschewik: zur Theorie und Praxis der Gewalt
391:
Polányi Károly és a Galilei Kör (Horváth Zoltánnal, Bp., 1971);
411:
Theodor Körner: auf Vorposten: ausgewählte Schriften 1928-1938
380:
The plough and the pen : writings from Hungary 1830-1956
349:
whom English critics named "the Hungarian Solzhenitsyn."
289:
Budapest Central Revolutionary Worker and Soldier Council
369:, edited by Paul Levi, 4, 1, Heft 5. March 1922. Berlin;
388:
Polányi Károly, 1886-1964 (Budapest: Akad. Ny., 1971);
447:
The boy changed into a stag: selected poems 1949-1967
600:
A cselekvés szerelmese : Duczynska Ilona élete
159:
149:
90:
71:
46:
21:
649:Egy magyar világforradalmár. Jegyzetek D. I.-ról
229:On 11 March 1897, Ilona Duczynska was born near
419:(New York; London: Monthly Review Press, 1978);
602:(Bp. : Kossuth, 1984 Bp. : Zrínyi);
8:
699:Karl Polanyi Institute and Digital Archive
29:
18:
553:. Montreal: Black Rose Books. p. 39.
241:, who connected her with the work of the
382:(with Karl Polanyi, London: Owen, 1963);
502:
500:
498:
494:
139: 1923; died 1964)
16:Polish-Hungarian-Canadian revolutionary
518:
516:
514:
428:"I first met Karl Polanyi in 1920...".
385:Mesterünk Szabó Ervin (Kortárs, 1968);
682:TV interview (Valóság, 1975. 8. sz.);
623:(Budapest, Kossuth Könyvkiadó, 1957);
7:
564:Schöpflin, George (March 12, 1974).
425:Széljegyzetek a K. M. P. bomlásához;
609:(Montreal, Black Rose Books, 1990);
352:Duczynska died on 24 April 1978 in
729:Hungarian people of Polish descent
376:, no. 1-2, 1958, pp. 154–173;
14:
759:20th-century Hungarian historians
614:Epizódok Duczynska Ilona életéből
607:The Life and Work of Karl Polanyi
207:Duczynska Ilona, Ducsinszka Ilona
688:(szerk. Borus Rózsa, Bp., 1978).
482:From beginning to end: the spell
442:. (Óriás, London, Calder, 1964.)
316:1934 workers' uprising in Vienna
113:
679:(Élet és Irod., 1978. máj. 6.);
584:– via DOI.org (Crossref).
136:
109:
644:(Arcok és maszkok, Bp., 1975);
566:"The trial of Miklós Haraszti"
461:Acta sanctorum and other tales
247:Technical University of Zurich
1:
734:Hungarian emigrants to Canada
413:(Vienna: Europaverlag, 1977);
36:
670:Canadian Journal of History
637:(Világosság, 1978. 6. sz.);
621:Galilei-per a XX. században
775:
749:Hungarian women historians
279:and soon after joined the
253:, his wife Krupskaya, and
719:Hungarian revolutionaries
582:10.1080/03064227408532303
285:Hungarian Soviet Republic
281:Hungarian Communist Party
28:
754:20th-century translators
656:Canadian Slavonic Papers
651:(Kritika, 1978. 8. sz.).
305:Der linke Sozialdemokrat
628:Az őszinteség lépcsőin
549:Dalos, Gyorgy (1990).
401:Bécs, 1934, Schutzbund
397:(Munnich: List, 1975);
206:
198:
724:Hungarian translators
484:(London, Owen, 1966.)
477:(London, Owen, 1966.)
470:(London, Owen, 1968.)
463:(London, Owen, 1970.)
259:Zimmerwald Conference
661:McRobbie, Kenneth: "
456:(London, Owen, 1973)
217:and her daughter is
112: 1918;
686:A század nagy tanúi
570:Index on Censorship
523:McRobbie, Kenneth.
255:Angelica Balabanoff
235:anarcho-syndicalist
219:Kari Polanyi Levitt
154:Kari Polanyi Levitt
635:Emlékezés D. I.-ra
83:Pickering, Ontario
675:Vezér, Erzsébet:
626:Lengyel, József:
480:Lengyel, József:
473:Lengyel, József:
468:The judge's chair
466:Lengyel, József:
459:Lengyel, József:
452:Lengyel, József:
374:Történelmi szemle
188:
187:
766:
633:Litván, György:
586:
585:
561:
555:
554:
546:
540:
539:
537:
536:
527:. Archived from
520:
509:
508:
504:
445:Juhász, Ferenc:
278:
266:Aster Revolution
181:(brother-in-law)
140:
138:
117:
115:
111:
78:
61:Maria Enzersdorf
56:
54:
41:
38:
33:
19:
774:
773:
769:
768:
767:
765:
764:
763:
704:
703:
695:
677:Duczynska Ilona
598:Dalos, György:
595:
593:Further reading
590:
589:
563:
562:
558:
548:
547:
543:
534:
532:
522:
521:
512:
506:
505:
496:
491:
435:
362:
343:Miklós Haraszti
272:
227:
199:Ilona Duczyńska
191:Ilona Duczynska
184:
179:Michael Polanyi
145:
142:
134:
130:
127:
119:
116: 1922)
107:
103:
100:
86:
80:
76:
67:
65:Austria-Hungary
58:
52:
50:
42:
39:
24:
23:Ilona Duczynska
17:
12:
11:
5:
772:
770:
762:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
714:Polányi family
706:
705:
702:
701:
694:
693:External links
691:
690:
689:
683:
680:
673:
672:, Autumn 2006;
666:
659:
652:
645:
638:
631:
624:
619:Kelen, Jolán:
617:
610:
603:
594:
591:
588:
587:
556:
541:
510:
493:
492:
490:
487:
486:
485:
478:
475:Prenn drifting
471:
464:
457:
450:
443:
434:
431:
430:
429:
426:
423:
420:
414:
408:
398:
392:
389:
386:
383:
377:
370:
361:
358:
347:József Lengyel
243:Galileo Circle
237:revolutionary
226:
223:
186:
185:
183:
182:
176:
170:
163:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
144:
143:
132:
128:
123:
122:
120:
105:
101:
98:
97:
94:
92:
88:
87:
81:
79:(aged 81)
73:
69:
68:
59:
48:
44:
43:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
771:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
711:
709:
700:
697:
696:
692:
687:
684:
681:
678:
674:
671:
667:
664:
660:
657:
653:
650:
647:Major, Ottó:
646:
643:
640:Major, Ottó:
639:
636:
632:
629:
625:
622:
618:
615:
611:
608:
604:
601:
597:
596:
592:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
560:
557:
552:
545:
542:
531:on 2015-01-11
530:
526:
519:
517:
515:
511:
503:
501:
499:
495:
488:
483:
479:
476:
472:
469:
465:
462:
458:
455:
454:Confrontation
451:
448:
444:
441:
438:Déry, Tibor:
437:
436:
432:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
371:
368:
364:
363:
359:
357:
355:
350:
348:
344:
340:
335:
331:
327:
325:
321:
317:
312:
310:
309:Anna Novotny.
306:
302:
297:
292:
290:
286:
283:. During the
282:
276:
271:
270:Sugár Tivadar
267:
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
224:
222:
220:
216:
212:
211:revolutionary
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
180:
177:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
162:
158:
155:
152:
148:
126:
121:
99:Tivadar Sugár
96:
95:
93:
89:
84:
75:24 April 1978
74:
70:
66:
62:
57:11 March 1897
49:
45:
32:
27:
20:
685:
676:
669:
658:51(4)(2009).
655:
648:
641:
634:
630:(Bp., 1974);
627:
620:
613:
612:Gábor, Éva:
606:
599:
576:(1): 79–84.
573:
569:
559:
550:
544:
533:. Retrieved
529:the original
481:
474:
467:
460:
453:
446:
439:
433:Translations
416:
410:
400:
394:
379:
373:
366:
360:Bibliography
351:
336:
332:
328:
313:
308:
304:
293:
263:
228:
215:Karl Polanyi
190:
189:
167:John Polanyi
125:Karl Polanyi
77:(1978-04-24)
744:1978 deaths
739:1897 births
403:(Budapest:
339:László Rajk
273: [
239:Ervin Szabó
40: 1920
35:Duczyńska,
708:Categories
535:2013-05-06
489:References
320:Schutzbund
296:Karl Radek
173:Eva Zeisel
53:1897-03-11
642:Duczynska
440:The giant
367:Unser Weg
354:Pickering
301:Paul Levi
203:Hungarian
160:Relatives
407:, 1976);
169:(nephew)
150:Children
85:, Canada
405:Magvető
175:(niece)
141:
133:
129:
118:
106:
102:
91:Spouses
324:London
231:Vienna
195:Polish
277:]
251:Lenin
135:(
131:
108:(
104:
225:Life
114:div.
72:Died
47:Born
578:doi
356:.
710::
572:.
568:.
513:^
497:^
291:.
275:hu
221:.
205::
201:;
197::
137:m.
110:m.
63:,
37:c.
665:"
616:;
580::
574:3
538:.
193:(
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
