Japanese name - Knowledge (XXG)

2001:. Because the legal restrictions on use of such kanji cause inconvenience for those with such names and promote a proliferation of identical names, many recent changes have been made to increase rather than to reduce the number of kanji allowed for use in names. The Sapporo High Court held that it was unlawful for the government to deny registration of a child's name because it contained a kanji character that was relatively common but not included in the official list of name characters compiled by the Ministry of Justice. Subsequently, the Japanese government promulgated plans to increase the number of kanji "permitted" in names. 2335:

derived from Hanako are /hana/, with two light syllables, /han/, with one syllable closed by a consonant, and /haa/, with one syllable with a long vowel, resulting in Hanachan, Hanchan, and Hāchan. The segmental content is usually a left substring of that of the given name. However, in some cases it is obtained by other means, including the use of another reading of the kanji used to write the name. For example, a girl named Megumi may be called Keichan or just Kei, because the character used to write Megumi

3928:, which are usually not reversed to fit the Western order in English, except when the person is living or traveling abroad. Power wrote that the difference between the treatment of Japanese names and of Chinese and Korean names often results in confusion. Terry wrote, "it was one of the ironies of the late twentieth century that Japan remained stranded in the formal devices underlining its historical quest for equality with the West, while China set its own terms, in language as in big-power politics." 339:, where the pronunciation follows a special set of rules. Because parents when naming children, and foreigners when adopting a Japanese name, are able to choose which pronunciations they want for certain kanji, the same written form of a name may have multiple readings. In exceptional cases, this makes it impossible to determine the intended pronunciation of a name with certainty. Even so, most pronunciations chosen for names are common, making them easier to read. While any 425:). Therefore, to those familiar with Japanese names, which name is the surname and which is the given name is usually apparent, no matter in which order the names are presented. It is thus unlikely that the two names will be confused, for example, when writing in English while using the family name-given name naming order. However, due to the variety of pronunciations and differences in languages, some common surnames and given names may coincide when Romanized: e.g., Maki 3936:, a 1998 guide for producing English language works about Japan written by SWET, advocates the use of the Japanese naming order as often as possible, in order to promote a consistency in naming order. In 1987, one publisher of English language textbooks in Japan used the Japanese order of naming, while in 2001 six of the eight publishers of English language textbooks in Japan used the Japanese order. In December 2000, the council on the National Language of the 3155:, whose name "Shikibu" is not the equivalent to a surname, but refers to Shikibu-shō, the Ministry of Ceremonials where Murasaki's father was employed. "Murasaki", an additional name possibly derived from the color violet associated with wisteria, the meaning of the word fuji (an element of her clan name), may have been bestowed on her at court in reference to the name she herself had given to the main female character in "Genji". Another example is 1616:. This many-to-many correspondence between names and the ways they are written is much more common with male given names than with surnames or female given names but can be observed in all these categories. The permutations of potential characters and sounds can become enormous, as some very overloaded sounds may be produced by over 500 distinct kanji and some kanji characters can stand for several dozen sounds. This can and does make the 3971: 3878: 3941:

capitalization (YAMADA Taro) or commas (Yamada, Taro) to clarify which part of the personal name is the family name and which part is the given name. In a January 2000 opinion poll from the Agency for Cultural Affairs on the preferred order of Japanese names in the English language, 34.9% had a preference for Japanese order, 30.6% had a preference for Western order, and 29.6% had no preference. In 1986, the

3898:), the first presenting their name in the Japanese order for Japanese people, and the second presenting their name in the Western order, intended for foreigners. In popular journalism publications, the Western order of naming is used. These practices stand in stark contrast to how English and generally Western names are treated in the Japanese language, where they are typically presented without reordering. 2480: 1916: 1426: 259: 144: 2657:. However, sometimes Japanese parents decide to use Japanese order when mentioning the child's name in Japanese. Also, Japanese parents tend to give their children a name in kanji, hiragana, or katakana, particularly if it is a Japanese name. Even individuals born in Japan, with a Japanese name, might be referred to using katakana if they have established residency or a career overseas. 42: 3905:

specialises in subjects related to or about Japan. John Power wrote that "People who can speak and read Japanese have a strong resistance to switching Japanese names to the Western order." Books written by these authors often have notes stating that Japanese names are in the original order. Some books, however, do not have consistent naming order practices. Shizuka Saeki of

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employees) and the speaker's relationships with the listener and the addressee. Typically, the family name is used to refer to an individual, and personal or given names are largely restricted to informal situations and cases where the speaker is older than, a superior of, or very familiar with the named individual. When addressing someone or referring to a member of one's

4235: 3831: 2837: 2019: 83: 1667:. Japanese people who have such names are likely to compromise by substituting similar or simplified characters. This may be difficult for input of kanji in computers, as many kanji databases on computers only include common and regularly used kanji, and many archaic or mostly unused characters are not included. 4167:

Heng Ji wrote that because Japanese names have "flexible" lengths, it may be difficult for someone to identify a Japanese name when reading a Chinese text. When consulting English texts a Chinese reader may have difficulty identifying a Japanese name; an example was when Chinese media mistook Obama's

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stated that the continued usage of Western order was "merely the inertia of style guides everywhere" instead of "a case of cultural arrogance on the part of Westerners". Some others in the government support moving to retaining the original order of names, in line with Chinese and Korean practice, in

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Japan, in many English-language publications, the naming order of modern-day Japanese people was reversed into the family name last order. The adoption of a Western naming order by Japanese people when writing or speaking in European languages, and when attending Western style or international events

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Changes in women's personal names were recorded less often, so they may not have changed their names as frequently as men did, but women who went into service as maids or entertainers frequently changed their names for the duration of their service. During their employment, their temporary names were

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to a name stem. There are two types of stem: the full given name or a modified stem derived from the full given name. Examples of the first type are Tarō-chan from Tarō, Kimiko-chan from Kimiko, and Yasunari-chan from Yasunari. Examples of the second type are Ta-chan from Tarō, Kii-chan from Kimiko,

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recommends indexing Japanese names according to the way the original text treats the name. If the text uses the Western order, the Japanese name is reinverted and indexed by the family name with a comma. If the text uses Japanese order, the name is listed by the family name with no inversion and no

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Japanese people often have nicknames that are shortened forms of their actual names, and sometimes use these names with foreigners for ease of understanding. For instance, a man named "Kazuyuki" may call himself "Kaz" in the presence of those for whom Japanese is not a first language. Some Japanese

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through the selection of characters in a name and the pronunciation of them. A Japanese person can distinguish a Japanese name from a Chinese name. Akie Tomozawa said that this was equivalent to how "Europeans can easily tell that the name 'Smith' is English and 'Schmidt' is German or that 'Victor'

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and characters. While many common names can easily be spelled or pronounced, parents may choose names with unusual characters or pronunciations; the pronunciation of such names generally cannot be inferred from the written form, or vice versa. Unusual pronunciations have become much more common, as

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treated as their legal names. For example, a maid who was involved in legal dealings in Kyoto in 1819–1831 signed legal documents as Sayo during one period of employment and as Mitsu during a later period of employment, but she signed as Iwa, presumably her birth name, when she was between jobs.

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is the unit of which a light syllable contains one and a heavy syllable two. For example, the stems that may be derived from Tarō are /taro/, consisting of two light syllables, and /taa/, consisting of a single syllable with a long vowel, resulting in Taro-chan and Tā-chan. The stems that may be

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Before the government formalized the naming system in 1868, Japanese personal names were fluid. Men changed their names for a variety of reasons: to signify that they had attained a higher social status, to demonstrate their allegiance to a house or clan, to show that they had succeeded to the

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recommended that English language productions begin using the Japanese naming order, as "it is in general desirable that personal names be presented and written in a way that preserves their unique forms, except for registries and other documents with specific standards." It recommended using

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In English, many historical figures are still referred to with the family name first. This is especially the case in scholarly works about Japan. Many scholarly works use the Japanese order with Japanese names in general, and a scholarly work is more likely to use Japanese order if the author

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decided that it would use the Japanese naming order in all of its publications. A Japan Foundation publishing division spokesperson stated around 2001 that some SWET publications, including popular anglophone newspapers, continue to use the Western order. As of 2001, the agency's style sheet

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Edith Terry wrote that because Japanese people are "mastering" a "Western game", people have some pride and at the same time feel insecurity because the "game" is on "Western terms" rather than "Japanese terms." The standard presentation of Japanese names in English differs from the standard

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Conventions of direct address and name use in conversation are heavily governed by respect for those considered in higher social positions (ex. older family members, teachers, employers), familiarity with those considered to be in lower social positions (ex. younger family members, students,

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Japanese people often avoid referring to their seniors or superiors by name at all. Rather, it is considered more respectful to address one who is considered a social superior by their title. Similarly to Western cultures, one would not address their mother by their name, but perhaps as

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in correct order, you can surely write Abe Shinzo the same way." At the time, there were private Japanese journalism concerns and journalism concerns of other East Asian countries which continued to reverse Japanese names into Western order in European languages. Shannon Tiezzi of

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Japanese citizenship used to require adoption of a Japanese name. In recent decades, the government has allowed individuals to simply adopt katakana versions of their native names when applying for citizenship, as is already done when referring to non-East Asian foreigners:

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becomes Jiūshān Yóujìfū. As a result, a Japanese person without adequate knowledge of Chinese would not understand their name when it is spoken in Chinese languages. Simply porting the kanji into Chinese and reading them as if they were Chinese is also different from the

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As of 2008, when using English and other Western languages, Japanese people usually give their names in an order reversed from the traditional Japanese naming order, with the family name after the given name, instead of the given name after the family name. Beginning in

1984:) are permitted for use in personal names. This is intended to ensure that names can be readily written and read by those literate in Japanese. Names may be rejected if they are considered unacceptable; for example, in 1993 two parents who tried to name their child Akuma 3889:

Most foreign publications reverse the names of modern Japanese people, and most Japanese people reverse their own names for materials or publications intended for foreign consumption; for example, a Japanese business executive or official usually has two business cards

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in the Japanese custom: family name first (as "Abe Shinzō"). He added that he was currently planning to issue an official request to the international media in that respect. He had criticized Western publications who had not done so, stating that "If you can write

2548:, which forced Koreans to change their names to Japanese names. Nowadays, ethnic minorities, mostly Korean, who immigrated to Japan after WWII take on Japanese names (sometimes called 'pass names') to ease communication and, more importantly, to avoid 5236:. Retrieved on May 23, 2011. "日本人の姓名をローマ字で表記するときに，本来の形式を逆転して「名－姓」の順とする慣習は，明治の欧化主義の時代に定着したものであり，欧米の人名の形式に合わせたものである。現在でもこの慣習は広く行われており，国内の英字新聞や英語の教科書も，日本人名を「名－姓」順に表記しているものが多い。ただし，「姓－名」順を採用しているものも見られ，また，一般的には「名－姓」順とし，歴史上の人物や文学者などに限って「姓－名」順で表記している場合もある。" 1216:

Molly Hakes said that this may have to do with using hiragana out of cultural pride, since hiragana is Japan's indigenous writing form, or out of not assigning a meaning to a girl's name so that others do not have a particular expectation of her.

5681:. "Chinese → Japanese It's difficult to identify Japanese names in Chinese texts because of their flexible name lengths. However, if they can be 'back-translated' into Japanese, the Japanese-specific information could be used for names – they" 2004:

The use of a space in given names (to separate first and middle names) is not allowed in official documents, because technically, a space is not an allowed character. However, spaces are sometimes used on business cards and in correspondence.

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said, "This is not only a headache for writers and translators, it is also a source of confusion for readers." Lynne E. Riggs of the Society of Writers, Editors and Translators (SWET), a professional writing organization headquartered in

3796:. These names, exclusively the property of the brothel owner, typically carried the prestige of the person who held it previously, and brothel owners commonly chose only those of similar countenance and reputation to inherit them. 3946:

recommends using a different naming order style depending upon the context. For instance, it advocates using the Western order in publications for readers who are not familiar with Japan, such as international conference papers.

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Saeki wrote in 2001 that most Japanese people writing in English use the Western naming order, but that some figures had begun to promote the use of Japanese order as Japan became a major economic power in the 20th century. The

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headship of a family or company, to shed bad luck that was attached to an inauspicious name, or simply to avoid being mistaken for a neighbor with a similar name. Upper-class men often changed their names upon coming of age (

1312:). Conversely, a particular kanji can have multiple meanings and pronunciations. In some names, Japanese characters phonetically "spell" a name and have no intended meaning behind them. Many Japanese personal names use puns. 3150:

At least until the Kamakura Period, women's names were often descriptive in nature, while their personal names would rarely be used in public. This was especially proeminent in higher class and Imperial Court. An example is

2271:) are uncommon in Japanese, as when used improperly they may be perceived as being affrontive or sarcastic. It is more common for people to address each other by name/title and honorific, even in face-to-face conversations. 1212:

was declining in popularity. At the same time, names of western origin, written in kana, were becoming increasingly popular for naming of girls. By 2004 there was a trend of using hiragana instead of kanji in naming girls.

362:, the Japanese language syllabaries for words of Japanese or foreign origin, respectively. As such, names written in hiragana or katakana are phonetic rendering and lack meanings that are expressed by names written in the 2564:

in Japan who choose to renounce Permanent Resident status to apply for Japanese citizenship have to change the characters in their names because not all characters are legally recognized in Japan for naming purposes.

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and worked as an illustrator under the name Kitao Masanobu. Artists and authors adopted a new name for each medium or form they worked in, whether or not they worked professionally. Some types of artistic names

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were written in kanji, and were typically more elaborate than the average woman's name of the time, holding meanings taken from poetry, literary history and nature. As they were property of the brothel owner,

2667:, and spent the first twenty years of her life there. However, having lived outside the country for more than fifty years, and basing her career in the United States, Ono is often referred to in the press as 3713:. In many cases, these come from the master under whom they studied. For geisha, these names often feature the first part of the name of their "older sister", and typically all the geisha registered to one 1281:

Katakana and hiragana spellings are characteristic of feminine names rather than masculine names, with katakana often used for women's names in the early 20th century due to being easier to read and write.

3916:, wrote that "When you publish a book about Japan, you are publishing it for people who want to know about Japan. So they are interested in learning something new or something as it is supposed to be." 3002:

In feudal Japan, names reflected a person's social status, as well as their affiliation with Buddhist, Shintō, feudatory-military, Confucian-scholarly, mercantile, peasant, slave, and imperial orders.

7694: 5233: 4032: 2912:, and he was referred to as "Prince Tsugu" during his childhood. This title is generally used until the individual becomes heir to the throne or inherits one of the historical princely family names ( 1902:

Despite these difficulties, there are enough patterns and recurring names that most native Japanese will be able to read virtually all family names they encounter and the majority of personal names.

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Christians in Japan traditionally have Christian names in addition to their native Japanese names. These Christian names are written using katakana, and are adapted to Japanese phonology from their

3143:) and taking on an adult name. When nobles and samurai received promotions in rank, they received new names, which might contain a syllable or character from their lord's name as a mark of favor. 4844:

Tomozawa, Akie. Chapter 6: "Japan's Hidden Bilinguals: The Languages of 'War Orphans' and Their Families After Repatriation From China." In: Noguchi, Mary Goebel and Sandra Fotos (editors).

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poet. Scholars also gave themselves scholarly names, often using the Chinese reading of the characters of their Japanese name. People who entered religious orders adopted religious names.

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Most surnames are written with two kanji characters, but some common surnames are written with one or three kanji. Some surnames written with four or five kanji exist, such as Kadenokōji

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such as balls, formed part of the wider Meiji period adoption of aspects of Western culture in efforts to present Japan as a country as developed and advanced as its global neighbours.

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In Russian, Russian names may be written with family name first and given name second, as well as the other way round, and this applies to Japanese names presented in Russian as well.

5349: 5282: 1748:, because the first day of the fourth lunar month (in the old lunar calendar, closer to 1 May) is the traditional date to switch from winter to summer clothes. In the same way 4051:

began using Japanese names surname-first (with some exceptions) as early as March 29, 2020, but the new policy regarding name order was only announced early the next day. In

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as regular surnames. Conversely, if a commoner or a noble were to become a member of the Imperial family, such as through marriage, their family name is lost. An example is

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A Japanese person could go by one of several names, depending on the occasion. For example, the 18th-century author, poet, and artist Iwase Samuru wrote under the name

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A name written in kanji may have more than one common pronunciation, only one of which is correct for a given individual. For example, the surname written in kanji as

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may be used as part of a name, names may be rejected if they are believed to fall outside what would be considered an acceptable name by measures of common sense.

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consists of two or three kanji, rarely just one or more than three. Often, part of the name comes from the wrestler's master, a place name (such as the name of a

2635:. At the time, to gain Japanese citizenship, it was necessary to be adopted by a Japanese family (in Hearn's case, it was his wife's family) and take their name. 2875:. However, Japanese people prefer to say "the Emperor" or "the Crown Prince", rather than using the personal name out of respect and as a measure of politeness. 2999:

The current structure (family name + given name) did not materialize until the 1870s, when the Japanese government created the new family registration system.

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Individuals born overseas with Western given names and Japanese surnames are usually given a katakana name in Western order ( ) when referred to in Japanese.

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dropped significantly in popularity in the mid-1980s, but are still given, though much less than in the past. Male names occasionally end with the syllable

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Though there are regulations on the naming of children, many archaic characters can still be found in adults' names, particularly those born prior to the

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Many ethnic minorities living in Japan, mostly Korean and Chinese, adopt Japanese names. The roots of this custom go back to the colonial-era policy of

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Kanji names in Japan are governed by the Japanese Ministry of Justice's rules on kanji use in names. As of January 2015, only the 843 "name kanji" (

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When children are born into the Imperial family, they receive a standard given name as well as a special title. For instance, the Emperor emeritus

2681:, and which is most likely a pseudonym, perhaps even of a non-Japanese person; Nakamoto is referred to in Japanese with katakana in Western order, 5715: 4258: 2964:" was often used. In modern era, princely family names are used. For example, many members of the extended Imperial family became commoners after 382:, whose members have no surname. The family name precedes the given name. People with mixed Japanese and foreign parentage may have middle names. 5381: 5229: 4897: 4253: 1510:

when used as a male given name may be used as the written form for "Hajime", "Hitoshi", "Ichi-/-ichi" "Kazu-/-kazu", and many others. The name

1504:. Conversely, any one name may have several possible written forms, and again, only one will be correct for a given individual. The character 1189:(1868), it was reserved for members of the imperial family. Following the restoration, it became popular and was overwhelmingly common in the 5118: 5085: 5054: 4793: 4752: 4706: 4601: 4560: 4097: 4047:

began using eastern order for persons in the Japanese government while, for non-government individuals, using the naming orders they choose.

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When a member of the Imperial family becomes a noble or a commoner, the emperor gives them a family name. In medieval era, the family name "

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In Chinese-speaking communities, Japanese names are pronounced according to the Chinese pronunciations of the characters. For example, in

4035:(MEXT) announced that the ministry was to start using the traditional order for Japanese names in English in official documents. In 2020, 3509:

choose a Western name for the act and use their own (or stage) given names. Writers also tend to be clever about their names, for example

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According to estimates, there are over 300,000 different surnames in use today in Japan. The three most common family names in Japan are

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The grammar, as well as some of the terminology used, are incorrect to the point that parts of the article become almost unintelligible.

6038: 5402: 2556:, founder and chairman of Maruhan Corp., pronounced 'Kan Shōyū' in Japanese) still keep their native names. Sometimes, however, ethnic 7079: 6981: 5793: 5208:, "Personal names—additional resources" (§8.3): "For names of well-known deceased persons, Chicago generally prefers the spellings in 3034:, although the association is in the opposite order in Japanese, and is not generally explicitly written in this style of name. Thus, 3471:

actors and actresses are unremarkable, being just like ordinary Japanese personal names, but a few are tongue-in-cheek. For example,

6028: 5924: 5907: 5882: 5867: 5814: 5743: 5362: 5295: 5046: 4785: 4744: 4698: 4593: 4552: 2527: 2117:). Both practices have become less common, although many children continue to be given names that originate from these conventions. 2059: 1955: 1473: 245: 227: 125: 69: 5595: 2307:

and Yā-chan from Yasunari. Hypocoristics with modified stems are considered more intimate than those based on the full given name.

7689: 7565: 7412: 5645: 5621: 5593:"The Cabinet agreed yesterday to begin making the change with government documents, though no timeline was given for its start." 4263: 7481: 5968: 5956: 5747: 5150: 4853: 2462:. Another slightly less common method is doubling one or two syllables of the person's name, such as the use of "MamiMami" for 4041:

announced plans to begin writing Japanese names in Japanese order based on a Japanese government decree that had been issued.

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of a Japanese name a very difficult problem. For this reason, business cards often include the pronunciation of the name as

208: 7699: 7128: 7115: 6696: 5257: 5034: 180: 2673:, preserving the Japanese order of her name (Ono Yōko), but rendering it in katakana. Another example is the inventor of 6832: 6459: 6411: 6079: 2603:, an American-Japanese known as 'David Aldwinckle' before taking Japanese citizenship. (Tsurunen has similarly adopted 98: 6937: 6137: 2853: 5901:

Nostrand, Name Construction in Medieval Japan - $ 38.66 : Potboiler Press, Books for the Practical Archaeologist

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Historically, families consisted of many children and it was a common practice to name sons by numbers suffixed with

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The Everything Conversational Japanese Book: Basic Instruction For Speaking This Fascinating Language In Any Setting

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The Everything Conversational Japanese Book: Basic Instruction For Speaking This Fascinating Language In Any Setting

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The Everything Conversational Japanese Book: Basic Instruction For Speaking This Fascinating Language In Any Setting

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The Everything Conversational Japanese Book: Basic Instruction For Speaking This Fascinating Language In Any Setting

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time for the several major global events the country will be host to during 2020, while others seem not to. In 2019

2590:, is a famous example. Others transliterate their names into phonetically similar kanji compounds, such as activist 7226: 6487: 6208: 3273:

of the emperors were very long and not used. The number of characters in each name diminished after Jomei's reign.

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Most personal names use one, two, or three kanji. Four-syllable given names are common, especially in eldest sons.

7669: 4640:佐藤稔 (2007). "『読みにくい名前はなぜ増えたか』" [Yominikui Namae wa Naze Fuetaka ("Why We See More Hard-to-read Names")]. 2509: 2494: 1926: 1455: 1440: 654:

granted by the emperor. While it was passed on patrilineally in male ancestors including in male ancestors called

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in Chinese) is rarely used in modern Chinese reading. When words like this are encountered, usually the rule of "

4060: 3997: 3587: 5429: 7640: 7496: 7033: 6322: 3845:; her name card features a spelling of her name ("Halko Momoi") written surname last. In Japanese, her name is 194: 4939: 3985:

If you can write Moon Jae-in and Xi Jinping in correct order, you can surely write Abe Shinzo the same way.

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Death added to the number of a person's names. When a person died, their personal name was referred to as an

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A problem occurs when an elderly person forgets how to write their name in old kanji that is no longer used.

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the trend has significantly increased in popularity since the 1990s. For example, the popular masculine name

7830: 7809: 7379: 6711: 6072: 6010: 5540: 5462: 5403:"If you can write Moon Jae-in and Xi Jinping in correct order, you can surely write Abe Shinzo the same way" 5385: 5204: 5177: 5113:, an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219). Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 264. 4728: 4202: 3951: 2557: 1888: 1632:, and forms and documents often include spaces to write the reading of the name in kana (usually katakana). 938: 379: 4446: 3823:

In English, the names of living or recently deceased Japanese are generally given surname last and without

783:). Many Japanese people have surnames that include this kanji as the second character. This is because the 7397: 7306: 7073: 6944: 6430: 4476: 4219:, has many phonological differences from Mandarin, this results in names of well-known characters such as 3815:

directly down to their apprentice, as holders were chosen for their suitability to the name's reputation.

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ruling class used names composed of Chinese characters, usually of one or two syllables and read in their

2570: 2549: 871: 176: 2087:. The first son would be known as "Ichirō", the second as "Jirō", and so on. Girls were often named with 2029: 7148: 6193: 3342: 3164: 2697: 875: 851: 1206:

Around the year 2006, due to the citizenry mimicking naming habits of popular entertainers, the suffix

6044: 4769: 4682: 4577: 4536: 7436: 7168: 6903: 5716:"Nintendo is renaming Pikachu in one of its largest markets, and Hong Kongers are not happy — Quartz" 5406: 5377: 4849: 4297: 3501:

sounds like "be careful with fire" (although written differently). Many stand-up comics like the duo

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surname which was granted by the emperor as a title of male rank. In the 8th century, eight types of

265: 7143: 4901: 818:), to denote their status in an era when commoners were not allowed surnames. Examples include Atō, 93: 7796: 7533: 7523: 7446: 7421: 6811: 6478: 6454: 5030: 3643: 2193:; however, this readily extends outside the family circle as well. A teacher would be addressed as 2126: 1082: 867: 293: 7023: 5910: 4115:

but originate in Japan and do not have widely known Chinese pronunciations. For example, the word

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is typically added. Calling someone's name (family name) without any title or honorific is called

7659: 7602: 7366: 7046: 6839: 6721: 6633: 6401: 6375: 6251: 6142: 4112: 3824: 3737:, Bandō or Onoe. Some names are inherited on succession, such as that of the famous kabuki actor 3595: 3573: 3122: 2810: 2355: 2321: 2041: 1880: 1104: 61: 5761: 5567: 5366: 5299: 5102: 3489: 3171: 937:

is traditionally pronounced "Hiroto", but in recent years alternative pronunciations "Haruto", "

1356:(Chinese-based) kanji readings as well. Many others use readings which are only used in names ( 7745: 7511: 7000: 6880: 6274: 6240: 6235: 5920: 5903: 5878: 5863: 5810: 5757: 5670: 5358: 5291: 5124: 5114: 5081: 5050: 5042: 4945: 4861: 4789: 4781: 4773: 4748: 4740: 4732: 4702: 4694: 4686: 4597: 4589: 4556: 4548: 4487: 4184: 4098:

usual Chinese practice of approximating foreign names with similar-sounding Chinese characters

4072: 3885:

is presented family name first in Japanese, while it is presented given name first in English.

3472: 3406: 3360: 3097: 2130: 1971: 1664: 1186: 1063: 881:

Japanese family names usually include characters referring to places and geographic features.

847: 843: 346: 5678: 7630: 7506: 7501: 7402: 7323: 7220: 6888: 6857: 6764: 6623: 6344: 5526: 5005:

Japan's Name Culture: The Significance of Names in a Religious, Political and Social Context

4819: 4458: 3942: 3345:, many anti-government activists used several false names to hide their activities from the 3160: 3152: 2859: 2678: 2574: 1998: 1896: 1884: 1393:, is often included in names but not written as a separate character, as in the common name 1190: 960: 926:

While family names follow relatively consistent rules, given names are much more diverse in

717: 691: 278: 5665:

Ji, Heng. "Improving Information Extraction and Translation Using Component Interactions."

5653: 5494:"Moves are afoot to push media to switch Japanese name order in English, but will it work?" 3874:

people living abroad also adopt nicknames that they use with friends who are not Japanese.

3606:

indicates a wrestler whose father was also in sumo; in this case, the meaning is "junior".

2102:

at the end of the given name (this should not be confused with the less common male suffix

1979: 340: 201: 7635: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7476: 7441: 7392: 7350: 7244: 7121: 7028: 6870: 6847: 6806: 6560: 6520: 6332: 6032: 6014: 5960: 5700: 5572: 5521: 5498: 5142: 4915: 4312: 4048: 3626: 3514: 3485: 3440: 3156: 3118: 3084: 3025: 2984: 2845: 2561: 1807: 1671: 859: 375: 7316: 6025: 4000: 3311: 3163:. Kenreimon-in, which was not her personal name, refers to her residence, located by the 2543: 1810:

to clarify the pronunciation of the name. Japanese nationals are also required to give a

1409: 1194: 923:, because, in vertically written Japanese, the given name appears under the family name. 4963: 2779:, and so on. For most purposes in real life, Christian names are not used; for example, 2358:

of two words is sometimes applied to names (usually those of celebrities). For example,

1724:, in which the written characters relate indirectly to the name as spoken. For example, 1278:

are often adjectives, e.g., Atsushi, which might mean, for example, "(to be) faithful."

7528: 7491: 7370: 7362: 7301: 7293: 7269: 7259: 7191: 7135: 7100: 6976: 6958: 6908: 6801: 6648: 6583: 6527: 6203: 6128: 5892:

66.1.78-105. (Describes hypochoristic formation and some other types of derived names.)

4331: 4283: 4143: 4025: 3882: 3502: 3419: 3383: 2614: 2587: 2317: 1811: 1384: 835: 30: 5410: 7824: 7518: 7426: 7345: 7234: 7215: 7200: 7105: 7068: 6951: 6918: 6898: 6821: 6796: 6791: 6778: 6749: 6706: 6643: 6550: 6506: 6419: 6213: 6095: 5545: 4878: 4619: 4052: 4037: 4004: 3510: 3264: 3215: 3006: 2961: 2639: 2610: 2591: 2553: 2359: 2354:

The common Japanese practice of forming abbreviations by concatenating the first two

1621: 1316: 1161: 927: 823: 784: 5946: 3238:

and was no longer used. Instead, the person was referred to by their posthumous name

2170:, and may be considered rude even in the most informal and friendly occasions. This 1994:, which means "devil", were prohibited from doing so after a massive public outcry. 7784: 7772: 7722: 7716: 7711: 7570: 7264: 7210: 7205: 7158: 7092: 7018: 7008: 6987: 6931: 6865: 6816: 6744: 6678: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6628: 6603: 6593: 6500: 6281: 6099: 5038: 4857: 4777: 4736: 4690: 4651: 4585: 4544: 4302: 4240: 4043: 4019: 3921: 3866: 3834: 3665: 2965: 2622: 2427: 2286: 1803: 1625: 1233: 626:

of the medieval noble clans, and they trace their lineage either directly to these

6064: 5984: 3877: 1802:

Most Japanese people and agencies have adopted customs to deal with these issues.

6059: 2316:

to a stem consisting of an integral number, usually one but occasionally two, of

1348:(native Japanese) kanji readings, a large number of given names and surnames use 1315:

Although usually written in kanji, Japanese names have distinct differences from

385:

Very few names are in use both as surnames and as given names (for example Mayumi

7757: 7679: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7249: 7163: 7153: 7013: 6971: 6966: 6783: 6759: 6701: 6668: 6638: 6618: 6613: 6588: 6578: 6545: 6540: 6356: 6337: 6291: 6286: 6167: 6054: 5798: 5752: 5354: 5287: 5110: 4883: 4307: 4173: 4056: 4009: 3925: 3842: 3669: 2618: 2479: 2463: 1915: 1425: 1123: 1017: 839: 806:) ending with the first character of their name (which can be pronounced either 550: 514: 328: 143: 6049: 4408: 7750: 7733: 7674: 7654: 7311: 7239: 7186: 7182: 7110: 6926: 6893: 6826: 6729: 6673: 6495: 6449: 6406: 6361: 6312: 6245: 6225: 6188: 6162: 6118: 6113: 5262: 4273: 4268: 4230: 4197: 4187:

phonetically is in Japanese video games, anime and manga series. In May 2016,

4177: 4013: 3907: 3838: 3721:

share this aspect in their names (such as Ichiume, Ichigiku, Ichiteru, etc.).

3464: 2862:

and his families do not have a surname and possess only a given name, such as

2841: 2802: 1821:

Not all names are complicated. Some common names are summarized by the phrase

721: 332: 258: 5692:

A turkey, or the Japanese prime minister? Chinese smirk as Obama pardons Abe.

5128: 4987:

Nagata, Mary Louise. "Names and Name Changing in Early Modern Kyoto, Japan."

4508: 4479:

Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company - National same family name investigation

3827:. Historical figures are given surname first and with macrons, if available. 3310:

are commonly named after places or houses; e.g., Bashō, as in the haiku poet

7762: 7649: 7625: 7387: 7279: 7039: 6754: 6437: 6371: 6317: 6264: 6259: 6132: 5765: 5398: 4949: 4824: 4216: 4192: 3964: 3584:), the name of a weapon, an item identified with Japanese tradition (like a 3346: 2450: 2393: 2137: 1719: 1636: 1617: 704: 4211:, would use translations based upon Mandarin across all parts of China and 3830: 3764: 3757: 2836: 2805: 1698:

means "to purify". These names can also exist written in archaic forms, as

878:. As already noted, some of the most common family names are in this list. 5976:("Shirōka Lab of the Department of Humanities in the Shizuoka University") 7779: 7767: 7728: 7706: 7597: 7486: 7431: 7254: 7053: 6513: 6466: 6425: 6396: 6384: 6327: 6307: 6269: 6230: 5843:"Dictionary of readings of Japanese names in Chinese characters"), vols. 5666: 5330: 4278: 4223:

being rendered and pronounced much different from the original Japanese.

4188: 4063:

in Tokyo, Japanese athletes have had their names rendered surname first.

4003:

expressed his hope that foreign media would refer to then-Prime Minister

3639: 3456: 3448: 3304:), is used by others and one himself uses his real name to refer to him. 3058: 2863: 2780: 2658: 2171: 1892: 1815: 1629: 1333: 1329: 1044: 941:", "Taiga", "Sora", "Taito", "Daito", and "Masato" have all entered use. 855: 754: 363: 359: 355: 5978:

surnames of Japan, Shizuoka prefecture, Okinawa prefecture and Germany.

5937: 5656:. "Meanwhile, the Chinese give Japanese names in Chinese pronunciation." 4447:

https://news.goo.ne.jp/amp/article/postseven/trend/postseven-581287.html

7620: 7592: 7060: 6688: 6443: 6390: 6349: 6198: 6172: 6123: 5941: 5652:. Monitoring Service of the British Broadcasting Corporation, 1984. p. 5414: 5080:(Reprint, 2014 ed.). New York: Penguin Books. p. xxxvi (36). 4220: 3970: 3683: 3675: 3661: 3555: 3526: 3132: 2988: 2879: 2674: 2609:.) Still others have abandoned their native names entirely in favor of 2446: 1940: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1343: 863: 819: 797: 772: 678: 2704:

forms rather than being borrowed from English. Peter, for example, is

1716:

Family names are sometimes written with periphrastic readings, called

7789: 7664: 6774: 6220: 4359: 4290: 4212: 4106: 3893: 3724: 3649: 1876: 1511: 1359: 1351: 1328:

Japanese names are usually written in kanji, although some names use

669: 290: 262: 17: 5888:

Poser, William J. (1990) "Evidence for Foot Structure in Japanese",

2289:, or affectionate nicknames. These are formed by adding the suffix 1875:), together in any pair, form a simple, reasonably common surname: 648:

was simply what a family chooses to call itself, as opposed to the

7739: 7468: 7454: 7450: 5852: 4146:, read the middle part if there is no side") applies. Therefore, " 3913: 3876: 3829: 3793: 3772: 3768: 3767:

commonly took names as a form of anonymity. However, high-ranking

3716: 3655: 3577: 3460: 3444: 3203: 2835: 2813:, on the other hand, is far more well known by his Christian name 2701: 2292: 1142: 979: 336: 257: 6000: 4336:['Example Names' Continue to Evolve beyond Yamada Tarō]. 3642:, which means "fighting war dragon" but is also homophonous with 3257:

The personal names of Japanese emperors were also referred to as

3109:

are additional examples. These family names were recorded in the

5430:"Japan wants you to say its leader's name correctly: Abe Shinzo" 5388:. Retrieved on December 23, 2014. p. 27 (PDF document p. 29/56). 3520: 3468: 3452: 1337: 998: 660:(uncles), one had a certain degree of freedom in changing one's 6068: 3137:), leaving behind their childhood name (which often ended with 5756:. June 2008. Volume 26, Issue 2, p. C4-2-C4-8 (7 pages). 5433: 5234:

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

4033:

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

3581: 2473: 2392:. This is sometimes applied even to non-Japanese celebrities: 2012: 1909: 1419: 831: 137: 76: 35: 4898:"Legal Regulations on the Advanced Science and Technology 15" 4028:

continued to use Western order, citing "long-held practice".

3727:

actors take one of the traditional surnames such as Nakamura

2968:

and adopted their princely family names minus the honorific

2449:

have also taken names combining kanji and katakana, such as

4808:"Child Naming Practice and Changing Trends in Modern Japan" 4719: 4717: 4715: 3688:(flower arranging) often take professional names, known as 5954:("Publication of 100,000 surnames (names) in the country") 5522:"Japan to put surname first for Japanese names in English" 4183:

One place where Japanese names may be transliterated into

3024:

can be translated as 'of', and is similar in usage to the

3660:

and practitioners of traditional crafts and arts such as

2987:, whose name was Michiko Shōda before she married Prince 1635:

A few Japanese names, particularly family names, include

740:

One large category of family names can be categorized as

322:

Nihonjin no Shimei, Nihonjin no Seimei, Nihonjin no Namae

5027:

The Last Samurai: The Life and Battles of Saigo Takamori

2310:

Hypocoristics with modified stems are derived by adding

3552:

can be the wrestler's own surname, most upper-division

3190:) were referred to by special terminology—for example, 1663:. Some names also feature very uncommon kanji, or even 1185:

has changed significantly over the years: prior to the

5596:"Japan to put surnames first for documents in English" 4920:(in Japanese). Sanseido Word-Wise Web. 6 November 2008 4288: 4104: 3891: 3810: 3804: 3797: 3714: 3681: 3673: 3653: 3610: 3601: 3593: 3585: 3567: 3561: 3553: 3547: 3305: 3291: 3268: 3258: 3213: 3207: 3197: 3191: 3138: 3130: 3110: 3019: 3010: 2800: 2541: 2346: 2311: 1977: 1969: 1794: 1788: 1782: 1776: 1770: 1764: 1717: 1681: 1675: 1640: 1499: 1493: 1378: 1357: 1349: 1341: 1273: 1267: 1261: 1249: 1243: 1227: 1221: 1207: 1198: 1043:, along with several other possible characters; e.g. " 813: 807: 801: 778: 770: 764: 759: 741: 667: 661: 655: 649: 633: 627: 621: 615: 596: 518: 5350:

How Asia Got Rich: Japan, China and the Asian Miracle

5283:

How Asia Got Rich: Japan, China and the Asian Miracle

4153: 4131: 5704:. November 26, 2015. Retrieved on December 17, 2015. 4723:

Hanks, Patrick, Kate Hardcastle, and Flavia Hodges.

3484:

chose the name of the aforementioned founder of the

1203:

increased in popularity after the mid-20th century.

523:

were established, but later all surnames except for

378:

have one surname and one given name, except for the

7613: 7585: 7467: 7378: 7359: 7292: 7181: 7091: 6999: 6917: 6879: 6856: 6773: 6720: 6687: 6602: 6569: 6486: 6475: 6370: 6300: 6181: 6155: 6106: 6041:

online dictionary with over 400,000 Japanese names.

5378:

Indexes: A Chapter from The Chicago Manual of Style

1126:"). Other popular endings for female names include 826:(although a different final kanji is also common), 461:can translate into three different Japanese words, 168:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3938:Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture 3463:often use professional names. Many stage names of 2799:, which is not nearly as well-known. 16th century 2208:, while a company president would be addressed as 716:. People in Japan began using surnames during the 5785:Hoffman, Michael. "What's in a (Japanese) name?" 4215:. As the variety of Chinese spoken in Hong Kong, 3009:names figured prominently in history. Names with 1320:is English or French and 'Vittorio' is Italian". 5331:"КОНФЛИКТ КУЛЬТУР ПРИ ЗАПОЛНЕНИИ ПРОСТОЙ АНКЕТЫ" 5035:Names, Romanizations, and Spelling (page 1 of 2) 4459:"市史編さんこぼれ話No.１８「近世の百姓に苗字はあったのか」｜東京都小平市公式ホームページ" 4409:"名字由来net｜日本人の名字99%を掲載!! 【年末緊急発表】日本人の名字３０万種は事実か？" 2661:, for example, was born in Japan, with the name 1828:("the village in the middle of the rice fields") 1387:in English), and corresponding to the character 5175:, which is recommended for this purpose by the 4429:. Japanese-name-translation.com. Archived from 4116: 3959: 3846: 3783: 3749: 3689: 3524: 3324: 3276: 3247: 3224: 3176: 2969: 2943: 2928: 2913: 2898: 2883: 2814: 2792: 2765: 2750: 2735: 2720: 2705: 2643: 2431: 2412: 2397: 2378: 2370: 2290: 2257: 2242: 2227: 2209: 2194: 2179: 2156: 2141: 2103: 2088: 2073: 1861: 1846: 1831: 1822: 1755: 1740: 1731: 1406:, well-(possessive)-top/above, top of the well) 1394: 1286: 1171: 1146: 1127: 1108: 1089: 1067: 1048: 1021: 1002: 983: 964: 945: 916: 898: 320: 6002: 5986: 5970: 5948: 5837: 5822: 4147: 4123: 4088: 4085:becomes Shāntián Tàiláng, while Hatoyama Yukio 4078: 3853: 3777: 3743: 3730: 3631: 3618: 3541: 3533: 3494: 3477: 3424: 3411: 3398: 3388: 3375: 3365: 3352: 3331: 3316: 3298: 3283: 3241: 3231: 3183: 3102: 3089: 3076: 3063: 3050: 3040: 2976: 2950: 2935: 2920: 2905: 2890: 2868: 2821: 2786: 2772: 2757: 2742: 2727: 2712: 2688: 2682: 2668: 2662: 2650: 2628: 2604: 2596: 2579: 2455: 2438: 2419: 2404: 2385: 2377:, a famous Japanese actor and singer, becomes 2364: 2338: 2327: 2299: 2264: 2249: 2234: 2216: 2201: 2186: 2174:, however, is readily excused for foreigners. 2163: 2148: 2110: 2095: 2080: 1987: 1868: 1853: 1838: 1749: 1725: 1705: 1699: 1693: 1687: 1665:kanji which no longer exist in modern Japanese 1658: 1652: 1646: 1611: 1605: 1599: 1593: 1587: 1581: 1575: 1569: 1563: 1557: 1551: 1545: 1539: 1533: 1527: 1521: 1515: 1505: 1487: 1401: 1388: 1367: 1307: 1301: 1295: 1255: 1237: 1178: 1153: 1134: 1115: 1096: 1074: 1055: 1037: 1028: 1009: 990: 971: 952: 932: 910: 892: 789: 747: 730: 724:; however, they could not use them in public. 709: 696: 683: 641: 606: 584: 574: 564: 541: 528: 505: 492: 479: 466: 438: 428: 418: 408: 398: 388: 344: 314: 298: 270: 6080: 5915:Society of Writers, Editors and Translators. 5650:Summary of World Broadcasts: Far East, Part 3 5463:"Abe Shinzo or Shinzo Abe: What's in a Name?" 4159: 4137: 3615:, as Takahanada did when he became Takanohana 1260:meaning "boy"). Common male name endings are 500:, which historically had different meanings. 8: 4999: 4997: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4384: 4382: 4380: 4340:(in Japanese). Excite News. 20 February 2012 3600:), or a term indicating superiority. Often, 3459:wrestlers, and practitioners of traditional 3029: 2285:Any given name corresponds with one or more 2040:. There might be a discussion about this on 5764:. Accession number 502948569. Available on 5276: 5274: 5272: 5224: 5222: 4673: 4671: 3696: 3165:Kenreimon Gate in the Kyoto Imperial Palace 2508:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1454:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 343:(with some exceptions for readability) and 70:Learn how and when to remove these messages 7375: 6853: 6483: 6087: 6073: 6065: 3638:. Another notable example is the wrestler 3431:is known to have had as many as 33 names. 3263:, even if the emperor was alive. Prior to 1806:, for instance, often contain furigana or 1514:may be written with any of the following: 5622:"Change for Japanese Names at Tokyo 2020" 5456: 5454: 5452: 5450: 5210:Merriam-Webster's Biographical Dictionary 5192:Merriam-Webster's Biographical Dictionary 5101:Brown, Delmer M.; Ishida, Ichirō (1979). 4823: 4614: 4612: 4610: 4264:List of most common Japanese family names 4031:On September 6, 2019, officials from the 2828:than his birth name, Hikogorō Shigetomo. 2528:Learn how and when to remove this message 2281:Japanese abbreviated and contracted words 2060:Learn how and when to remove this message 1956:Learn how and when to remove this message 1639:. For example, the very common character 1474:Learn how and when to remove this message 246:Learn how and when to remove this message 228:Learn how and when to remove this message 126:Learn how and when to remove this message 5252: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5214:Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. 3566:different from their surname. A typical 1976:) and 2,136 "commonly used characters" ( 720:. Japanese peasants had surnames in the 335:. Japanese names are usually written in 5266:. June 2001. Volume 47, No. 543. p. 35. 5196:Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary 4323: 2470:Names from other ethnic groups in Japan 1294:can be written by more than one kanji ( 1285:A single name-forming element, such as 561:used in the set: e.g., Minamoto no Ason 5994:Japanese names in Kanji and Hiragana. 4989:International Review of Social History 4259:List of Japanese masculine given names 3819:In English and other Western languages 3523:wrestlers take wrestling names called 3015:fall into this category. The Japanese 2586:, originally 'Martti Turunen', who is 5520:Yamaguchi, Mari (September 6, 2019), 4254:List of Japanese feminine given names 1340:. While most "traditional" names use 7: 5829:Nichigai Asoshiētsu Kabushiki Kaisha 5461:Tiezzi, Shannon (3 September 2020). 4103:Sometimes, a Japanese name includes 3960: 2506:adding citations to reliable sources 1938:adding citations to reliable sources 1692:means "together" or "parallel", but 1686:characters have different meanings: 1452:adding citations to reliable sources 1242:(most often, if a male name ends in 166:adding citations to reliable sources 5897:Name Construction in Medieval Japan 5807:Japanese Names and How to Read Them 5568:"Style for Japanese persons' names" 4944:. Tokyo News Service. p. 668. 4488:Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company 4249:List of Japanese unisex given names 2625:), who used the name Koizumi Yakumo 549:was another name used to designate 5794:Which names are to be found where? 4991:07/2002; 47(02):243 – 259. P. 246. 2642:, for instance, is referred to as 1739:, but as a family name it is read 1383:, indicating possession (like the 1236:, but very rarely using the kanji 1001:"). Male names often also contain 25: 6017:statistics of Japanese surnames. 5805:Koop, Albert J., Hogitaro Inada. 5541:"Why Japanese names have flipped" 5153:from the original on 12 July 2020 3513:which is designed to sound like " 3125:, like Korean and Chinese names. 2396:, whose full name in Japanese is 1674:: there are two common kanji for 1364:), such as the female name Nozomi 889:Given names are called the "name" 354:Japanese names may be written in 51:This article has multiple issues. 6735:Democratic Republic of the Congo 5646:British Broadcasting Corporation 5492:Osaki, Tomohiro (May 31, 2019). 5473:from the original on 7 July 2022 5428:Griffiths, James (22 May 2019). 5413:on 2 September 2020 – via 5109:(a translation and study of the 4846:Studies in Japanese Bilingualism 4233: 3969: 2478: 2017: 1914: 1424: 1408:, or historical figures such as 1139:, "scent, perfume" or "flower"⁠) 142: 81: 40: 5212:or the biographical section of 2783:has a Christian name, Francisco 2320:, where a foot consists of two 1925:needs additional citations for 153:needs additional citations for 59:or discuss these issues on the 5773:Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan 5714:Huang, Zheping (30 May 2016). 5602:. Singapore. September 7, 2019 4160: 4138: 3349:. Examples are Saidani Umetarō 2677:, who has gone under the name 1645:, "island", may be written as 1637:archaic versions of characters 285:in English. The equivalent of 1: 6026:Trends in Japanese Baby Names 5817:Kegan Paul International Ltd. 4652:"How do Japanese names work?" 4360:"【命名権濫用（非常識な命名）と出生届不受理と名の変更】" 2897:. In this name, the title is 2140:, a respectful title such as 1670:An example of such a name is 976:, "great, thick" or "first ") 632:or to the courtiers of these 327:in modern times consist of a 4427:"Japanese name translations" 4191:sparked anger among fans in 3809:were rarely passed from one 3792:upon gaining promotion to a 3323:, is named after his house, 2858:For historical reasons, the 1336:, or a mixture of kanji and 957:, "son" or "clear, bright"⁠) 620:. There were relatively few 5833:Nihon seimei yomifuri jiten 5820:Nichigai Associates, Inc. ( 4964:"Bishops of Japan (by Age)" 4941:Mock Jōya's Things Japanese 4806:Mori-Kolbe, Noriko (2020). 4725:A Dictionary of First Names 4289: 4195:by announcing that its new 4154: 4132: 4117: 4105: 3892: 3847: 3811: 3805: 3798: 3784: 3750: 3715: 3690: 3682: 3674: 3654: 3611: 3609:Wrestlers can change their 3602: 3594: 3586: 3568: 3562: 3554: 3548: 3525: 3325: 3306: 3292: 3277: 3269: 3259: 3248: 3225: 3214: 3208: 3198: 3192: 3177: 3139: 3131: 3111: 3020: 3011: 2970: 2944: 2929: 2914: 2899: 2884: 2854:Imperial Household of Japan 2815: 2801: 2793: 2766: 2751: 2736: 2721: 2706: 2644: 2542: 2432: 2413: 2398: 2379: 2371: 2347: 2312: 2291: 2258: 2243: 2228: 2210: 2195: 2180: 2157: 2142: 2104: 2089: 2074: 1978: 1970: 1862: 1847: 1832: 1823: 1795: 1789: 1783: 1777: 1771: 1765: 1756: 1741: 1732: 1718: 1682: 1676: 1641: 1500: 1494: 1416:Difficulty of reading names 1395: 1379: 1358: 1350: 1342: 1287: 1274: 1268: 1262: 1250: 1244: 1228: 1222: 1208: 1199: 1172: 1158:, "greens" or "apple tree") 1147: 1128: 1109: 1090: 1068: 1049: 1022: 1003: 984: 965: 946: 917: 899: 814: 808: 802: 779: 771: 765: 760: 742: 668: 662: 656: 650: 634: 628: 622: 616: 597: 519: 345: 321: 101:. The specific problem is: 7852: 7398:Imperial, royal, and noble 6045:How to read Japanese Names 5802:. Sunday October 11, 2009. 5789:. Sunday October 11, 2009. 5771:Some materials taken from 4733:Appendix 8: Japanese Names 4059:events, starting with the 3457:Western-style professional 2851: 2278: 2124: 1754:would normally be read as 1730:would normally be read as 1088:Female names often end in 97:to meet Knowledge (XXG)'s 28: 7805: 7482:Imperial, royal and noble 6060:Japanese Names For Unisex 6003: 5987: 5971: 5949: 5895:Throndardottir, Solveig. 5838: 5823: 5654:SWB FE/7688/A3/9 6 Jul 84 5016:Nagata 2002, pp. 245-256. 5007:. Psychology Press, 1995. 4463:www.city.kodaira.tokyo.jp 4366:(in Japanese). 2017-05-04 4148: 4124: 4089: 4079: 4061:2020 Summer Olympic Games 3998:Japanese Foreign Minister 3968: 3854: 3778: 3744: 3731: 3632: 3619: 3542: 3534: 3495: 3478: 3425: 3412: 3399: 3389: 3376: 3366: 3353: 3332: 3317: 3299: 3284: 3242: 3232: 3184: 3103: 3090: 3077: 3064: 3051: 3041: 2977: 2951: 2936: 2921: 2906: 2891: 2869: 2822: 2787: 2773: 2758: 2743: 2728: 2713: 2689: 2683: 2669: 2663: 2651: 2629: 2605: 2597: 2580: 2456: 2439: 2420: 2405: 2386: 2365: 2339: 2328: 2300: 2265: 2250: 2235: 2217: 2202: 2187: 2164: 2149: 2121:Speaking to and of others 2111: 2096: 2081: 1988: 1869: 1854: 1839: 1750: 1726: 1706: 1700: 1694: 1688: 1659: 1653: 1647: 1612: 1606: 1600: 1594: 1588: 1582: 1576: 1570: 1564: 1558: 1552: 1546: 1540: 1534: 1528: 1522: 1516: 1506: 1488: 1402: 1389: 1368: 1308: 1302: 1296: 1256: 1238: 1179: 1154: 1135: 1116: 1097: 1075: 1056: 1038: 1029: 1010: 991: 972: 953: 933: 911: 893: 790: 748: 731: 710: 697: 684: 642: 607: 585: 575: 565: 542: 529: 506: 493: 480: 467: 439: 429: 419: 409: 399: 389: 315: 299: 271: 6323:Maiden and married names 6055:Japanese Names For Girls 4916: 4887:, 22 January 2012, p. 7. 4622:. The Japan Times Online 4511:Japan's Longest Surnames 4332: 3920:presentations of modern 3751:Godaime Bandō Tamasaburō 3439:Actors and actresses in 2226:Pronouns meaning "you" ( 1775:, because little birds ( 944:Male names often end in 380:Japanese imperial family 331:(surname) followed by a 29:Not to be confused with 7810:Category:Lists of names 6050:Japanese Names For Boys 5386:Chicago Manual of Style 5205:Chicago Manual of Style 5200:Encyclopædia Britannica 5178:Chicago Manual of Style 5173:International Who's Who 5105:The Future and the Past 4825:10.20429/cr.2020.110102 4729:Oxford University Press 4111:. These kanji resemble 3952:Chicago Manual of Style 2552:. A few of them (e.g., 6740:Eritrean and Ethiopian 6008:("Museum of surnames)" 5938:Japanese names section 5855:: Nichigai Associates. 5076:Tyler, Royall (2014). 5003:Plutschow, Herbert E. 4413:名字由来net｜日本人の名字99%を掲載!! 4158:which is derived from 3993: 3886: 3861: 3646:, his city of origin. 3159:, wife and empress to 3030: 2849: 2221:, "company president") 1787:) where there are no ( 1060:, "second " or "next") 737:, but these are rare. 306: 281:(male), equivalent to 7670:Galton–Watson process 7275:Ancient Tamil country 6697:Australian Aboriginal 4860:on October 25, 2012. 3880: 3833: 3763:Women working in the 3343:late shogunate period 3005:Before feudal times, 2885:Tsugu-no-miya Akihito 2839: 2411:is commonly known as 1761:("little birds play") 1657:instead of the usual 435:(given name) and Maki 261: 7437:Post-nominal letters 6556:Indigenous Taiwanese 5992:("Records of names") 5875:Japan's Name Culture 5873:Plutschow, Herbert. 5775:, article on "names" 5677:, 9780549582472. p. 5648:Monitoring Service. 5401:(2 September 2020). 5365:, 9780765603562. p. 5066:Nagata 2002, p. 257. 4850:Multilingual Matters 4620:"What to call baby?" 4477:"明治安田生命全国同姓調査 [ 4298:Okinawan family name 4144:read the side if any 3488:, while the name of 3418:. The famous writer 3290:, which is given at 3072:Fujiwara no Kamatari 3036:Minamoto no Yoritomo 2502:improve this section 2447:Japanese celebrities 2030:confusing or unclear 1934:improve this article 1746:("unpadded clothes") 1448:improve this section 1272:; names ending with 601:together are called 536:almost disappeared. 316:日本人の氏名、日本人の姓名、日本人の名前 162:improve this article 108:improve this article 7797:Surnames by country 7422:Pre-nominal letters 6479:Surnames by country 5847:(family names) and 5041:on August 7, 2011. 5031:John Wiley and Sons 4938:Jōya, Mock (1963). 4780:on August 8, 2011. 4693:on August 8, 2011. 4588:on August 8, 2011. 4547:on August 8, 2011. 4176:(monosyllabic) for 3765:red-light districts 3372:, Niibori Matsusuke 2345:, can also be read 2127:Japanese honorifics 2038:clarify the section 1830:: the three kanji ( 1492:may be read either 1035:(also written with 513:was originally the 7660:Endonym and exonym 7603:Calendar of saints 7586:Related traditions 7360:Manners of address 6722:Sub-Saharan Africa 6143:Nobiliary particle 6035:, Namiko Abe, 2005 6031:2015-04-05 at the 6013:2007-10-24 at the 5959:2020-10-01 at the 5942:sci.lang.japan FAQ 5927:Stone Bridge Press 5230:三．国際化に伴うその他の日本語の問題 4917:人名用漢字の新字旧字：「曽」と「曾」 4879:What to call baby? 4812:The Coastal Review 4739:on April 1, 2012. 4113:Chinese characters 3887: 3862: 3739:Bandō Tamasaburō V 3435:Professional names 3395:and Tani Umenosuke 2850: 2811:Dom Justo Takayama 2430:is abbreviated as 1733:shigatsu tsuitachi 1254:, using the kanji 1220:Names ending with 997:(e.g. "Teruo" or " 581:, Fujiwara no Ason 307: 7818: 7817: 7746:Personal identity 7581: 7580: 7288: 7287: 7229: 7177: 7176: 7138: 7131: 7124: 7082: 7063: 7056: 7049: 7042: 6990: 6961: 6954: 6947: 6940: 6842: 6835: 6530: 6523: 6516: 6509: 6301:By life situation 6254: 5917:Japan Style Sheet 5600:The Straits Times 5409:). Archived from 5298:, 9780765603562. 5256:Saeki, Shizuka. " 5120:978-0-520-03460-0 5087:978-0-670-02513-8 5078:Tale of the Heike 5055:978-1-118-04556-5 5037:. Retrieved from 4968:www.gcatholic.org 4904:on April 6, 2006. 4856:. Retrieved from 4794:978-1-59337-147-0 4776:. Retrieved from 4753:978-0-19-861060-1 4735:. Retrieved from 4707:978-1-59337-147-0 4689:. Retrieved from 4602:978-1-59337-147-0 4584:. Retrieved from 4561:978-1-59337-147-0 4543:. Retrieved from 4486:(Press release). 4333:山田太郎から進化を続ける「名前例」 4185:Chinese languages 4073:Standard Mandarin 3990:2 September 2020 3982: 3981: 3934:Japan Style Sheet 3881:The nameplate of 3773:generational name 3473:Kamatari Fujiwara 3407:Takasugi Shinsaku 3113:Shinsen Shōjiroku 3098:Taira no Kiyomori 2910:, "Prince Tsugu") 2840:Akishino-dera in 2538: 2537: 2530: 2131:Japanese pronouns 2070: 2069: 2062: 1966: 1965: 1958: 1484: 1483: 1476: 1292:("expansiveness") 1187:Meiji Restoration 1079:, "great, large") 746:names. The kanji 256: 255: 248: 238: 237: 230: 212: 136: 135: 128: 99:quality standards 90:This article may 74: 16:(Redirected from 7843: 7836:Names by country 7631:Anthropomorphism 7376: 7324:Buddhist surname 7225: 7134: 7127: 7120: 7080:Hispanic America 7078: 7059: 7052: 7045: 7038: 6986: 6957: 6950: 6945:African-American 6943: 6936: 6854: 6838: 6831: 6802:Ashkenazi Jewish 6607:and Western Asia 6572:and Central Asia 6526: 6519: 6512: 6505: 6484: 6345:Placeholder name 6250: 6194:Double-barrelled 6089: 6082: 6075: 6066: 6020: 6007: 6006: 6005: 5997: 5991: 5990: 5989: 5981: 5975: 5974: 5973: 5965: 5953: 5952: 5951: 5885:Routledge/Curzon 5870:Weatherhill Inc. 5842: 5841: 5840: 5827: 5826: 5825: 5731: 5730: 5728: 5726: 5711: 5705: 5690:Denyer, Simon. " 5688: 5682: 5663: 5657: 5643: 5637: 5636: 5634: 5633: 5618: 5612: 5611: 5609: 5607: 5591: 5585: 5584: 5582: 5581: 5564: 5558: 5557: 5555: 5554: 5537: 5531: 5530: 5527:Associated Press 5517: 5511: 5510: 5508: 5506: 5489: 5483: 5482: 5480: 5478: 5458: 5445: 5444: 5442: 5440: 5425: 5419: 5418: 5395: 5389: 5374: 5368: 5345: 5339: 5338: 5327: 5321: 5320: 5309: 5303: 5278: 5267: 5258:First Name Terms 5254: 5237: 5226: 5217: 5188: 5182: 5169: 5163: 5162: 5160: 5158: 5139: 5133: 5132: 5098: 5092: 5091: 5073: 5067: 5064: 5058: 5023: 5017: 5014: 5008: 5001: 4992: 4985: 4979: 4978: 4976: 4974: 4960: 4954: 4953: 4935: 4929: 4928: 4926: 4925: 4912: 4906: 4905: 4900:. Archived from 4894: 4888: 4877:Otake, Tomoko, " 4875: 4869: 4868:, 9781853594892. 4842: 4836: 4835: 4833: 4832: 4827: 4803: 4797: 4770:Everything Books 4762: 4756: 4721: 4710: 4683:Everything Books 4675: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4662: 4648: 4642: 4641: 4637: 4631: 4630: 4628: 4627: 4616: 4605: 4578:Everything Books 4570: 4564: 4537:Everything Books 4529: 4523: 4522: 4520: 4519: 4505: 4499: 4498: 4496: 4495: 4485: 4473: 4467: 4466: 4455: 4449: 4444: 4438: 4437: 4435: 4423: 4417: 4416: 4405: 4399: 4396: 4375: 4374: 4372: 4371: 4356: 4350: 4349: 4347: 4345: 4328: 4294: 4243: 4238: 4237: 4236: 4163: 4162: 4157: 4151: 4150: 4141: 4140: 4135: 4129: 4127: 4126: 4120: 4110: 4094: 4092: 4091: 4084: 4082: 4081: 3996:On 21 May 2019, 3973: 3961: 3943:Japan Foundation 3897: 3859: 3857: 3856: 3850: 3814: 3808: 3801: 3791: 3790: 3787: 3781: 3780: 3771:could inherit a 3755: 3753: 3747: 3746: 3736: 3734: 3733: 3720: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3704: 3701: 3698: 3693: 3687: 3680:(tattooing) and 3679: 3659: 3637: 3635: 3634: 3624: 3622: 3621: 3614: 3605: 3599: 3591: 3571: 3565: 3559: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3539: 3537: 3536: 3530: 3500: 3498: 3497: 3483: 3481: 3480: 3430: 3428: 3427: 3417: 3415: 3414: 3404: 3402: 3401: 3394: 3392: 3391: 3381: 3379: 3378: 3371: 3369: 3368: 3358: 3356: 3355: 3337: 3335: 3334: 3328: 3322: 3320: 3319: 3309: 3303: 3302: 3301: 3295: 3289: 3287: 3286: 3280: 3272: 3262: 3253: 3251: 3245: 3244: 3237: 3235: 3234: 3228: 3219: 3211: 3201: 3195: 3189: 3187: 3186: 3180: 3161:Emperor Takakura 3153:Murasaki Shikibu 3142: 3136: 3116: 3108: 3106: 3105: 3095: 3093: 3092: 3082: 3080: 3079: 3069: 3067: 3066: 3056: 3054: 3053: 3046: 3044: 3043: 3033: 3023: 3014: 2995:Historical names 2982: 2980: 2979: 2973: 2956: 2954: 2953: 2947: 2945:Akishino-no-miya 2941: 2939: 2938: 2932: 2926: 2924: 2923: 2917: 2911: 2909: 2908: 2902: 2896: 2894: 2893: 2887: 2874: 2872: 2871: 2860:Japanese emperor 2827: 2825: 2824: 2818: 2809: 2798: 2796: 2790: 2789: 2778: 2776: 2775: 2769: 2763: 2761: 2760: 2754: 2748: 2746: 2745: 2739: 2733: 2731: 2730: 2724: 2718: 2716: 2715: 2709: 2692: 2691: 2686: 2685: 2679:Satoshi Nakamoto 2672: 2671: 2666: 2665: 2656: 2654: 2653: 2647: 2634: 2632: 2631: 2608: 2607: 2602: 2600: 2599: 2585: 2583: 2582: 2575:Tsurunen Marutei 2547: 2533: 2526: 2522: 2519: 2513: 2482: 2474: 2461: 2459: 2458: 2444: 2442: 2441: 2435: 2425: 2423: 2422: 2416: 2410: 2408: 2407: 2401: 2391: 2389: 2388: 2382: 2376: 2374: 2368: 2367: 2350: 2344: 2342: 2341: 2333: 2331: 2330: 2315: 2305: 2303: 2302: 2296: 2270: 2268: 2267: 2261: 2255: 2253: 2252: 2246: 2240: 2238: 2237: 2231: 2222: 2220: 2219: 2213: 2207: 2205: 2204: 2198: 2192: 2190: 2189: 2183: 2169: 2167: 2166: 2160: 2154: 2152: 2151: 2145: 2116: 2114: 2113: 2107: 2101: 2099: 2098: 2092: 2086: 2084: 2083: 2077: 2065: 2058: 2054: 2051: 2045: 2021: 2020: 2013: 1999:Second World War 1993: 1991: 1990: 1983: 1975: 1961: 1954: 1950: 1947: 1941: 1918: 1910: 1874: 1872: 1871: 1865: 1859: 1857: 1856: 1850: 1844: 1842: 1841: 1835: 1829: 1826: 1798: 1792: 1786: 1780: 1774: 1768: 1762: 1759: 1753: 1752: 1747: 1744: 1738: 1735: 1729: 1728: 1723: 1709: 1708: 1703: 1702: 1697: 1696: 1691: 1690: 1685: 1679: 1662: 1661: 1656: 1655: 1650: 1649: 1644: 1615: 1614: 1609: 1608: 1603: 1602: 1597: 1596: 1591: 1590: 1585: 1584: 1579: 1578: 1573: 1572: 1567: 1566: 1561: 1560: 1555: 1554: 1549: 1548: 1543: 1542: 1537: 1536: 1531: 1530: 1525: 1524: 1519: 1518: 1509: 1508: 1503: 1497: 1491: 1490: 1479: 1472: 1468: 1465: 1459: 1428: 1420: 1407: 1405: 1404: 1398: 1392: 1391: 1382: 1373: 1371: 1370: 1363: 1355: 1347: 1311: 1310: 1305: 1304: 1299: 1298: 1293: 1290: 1277: 1271: 1265: 1259: 1258: 1253: 1247: 1241: 1240: 1231: 1225: 1211: 1202: 1197:era. The suffix 1184: 1182: 1181: 1175: 1159: 1157: 1156: 1150: 1140: 1138: 1137: 1131: 1121: 1119: 1118: 1112: 1102: 1100: 1099: 1093: 1080: 1078: 1077: 1071: 1061: 1059: 1058: 1052: 1042: 1041: 1040: 1034: 1032: 1031: 1025: 1015: 1013: 1012: 1006: 996: 994: 993: 987: 977: 975: 974: 968: 958: 956: 955: 949: 936: 935: 922: 920: 914: 913: 906: 905: 902: 896: 895: 817: 811: 805: 795: 793: 792: 782: 776: 768: 763: 751: 750: 745: 736: 734: 733: 718:Muromachi period 715: 713: 712: 702: 700: 699: 689: 687: 686: 673: 665: 659: 653: 647: 645: 644: 637: 631: 625: 619: 614:and also simply 612: 610: 609: 600: 590: 588: 587: 580: 578: 577: 570: 568: 567: 547: 545: 544: 534: 532: 531: 522: 511: 509: 508: 498: 496: 495: 485: 483: 482: 472: 470: 469: 444: 442: 441: 434: 432: 431: 424: 422: 421: 414: 412: 411: 404: 402: 401: 394: 392: 391: 374:The majority of 350: 326: 324: 318: 317: 304: 302: 301: 279:placeholder name 276: 274: 273: 251: 244: 233: 226: 222: 219: 213: 211: 170: 146: 138: 131: 124: 120: 117: 111: 85: 84: 77: 66: 44: 43: 36: 21: 7851: 7850: 7846: 7845: 7844: 7842: 7841: 7840: 7821: 7820: 7819: 7814: 7801: 7636:Personification 7609: 7577: 7463: 7365: 7361: 7355: 7351:Theophoric name 7284: 7189: 7173: 7087: 6995: 6913: 6875: 6852: 6781: 6769: 6716: 6683: 6606: 6598: 6571: 6565: 6477: 6471: 6366: 6333:Posthumous name 6296: 6177: 6151: 6102: 6093: 6033:Wayback Machine 6018: 6015:Wayback Machine 6001: 5995: 5985: 5979: 5969: 5963: 5961:Wayback Machine 5950:全国の苗字（名字）１０万種掲載 5947: 5934: 5911:Potboiler Press 5851:(given names). 5836: 5821: 5782: 5780:Further reading 5739: 5734: 5724: 5722: 5713: 5712: 5708: 5701:Washington Post 5689: 5685: 5664: 5660: 5644: 5640: 5631: 5629: 5620: 5619: 5615: 5605: 5603: 5594: 5592: 5588: 5579: 5577: 5573:NHK World-Japan 5566: 5565: 5561: 5552: 5550: 5539: 5538: 5534: 5519: 5518: 5514: 5504: 5502: 5499:The Japan Times 5491: 5490: 5486: 5476: 5474: 5467:thediplomat.com 5460: 5459: 5448: 5438: 5436: 5427: 5426: 5422: 5397: 5396: 5392: 5375: 5371: 5346: 5342: 5329: 5328: 5324: 5311: 5310: 5306: 5279: 5270: 5255: 5240: 5227: 5220: 5189: 5185: 5170: 5166: 5156: 5154: 5141: 5140: 5136: 5121: 5100: 5099: 5095: 5088: 5075: 5074: 5070: 5065: 5061: 5024: 5020: 5015: 5011: 5002: 4995: 4986: 4982: 4972: 4970: 4962: 4961: 4957: 4937: 4936: 4932: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4914: 4913: 4909: 4896: 4895: 4891: 4876: 4872: 4843: 4839: 4830: 4828: 4805: 4804: 4800: 4763: 4759: 4722: 4713: 4676: 4669: 4660: 4658: 4650: 4649: 4645: 4639: 4638: 4634: 4625: 4623: 4618: 4617: 4608: 4571: 4567: 4530: 4526: 4517: 4515: 4507: 4506: 4502: 4493: 4491: 4483: 4475: 4474: 4470: 4457: 4456: 4452: 4445: 4441: 4433: 4425: 4424: 4420: 4407: 4406: 4402: 4398:Power, p. C4-2. 4397: 4378: 4369: 4367: 4358: 4357: 4353: 4343: 4341: 4334: 4330: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4313:Vietnamese name 4239: 4234: 4232: 4229: 4121: 4086: 4076: 4069: 4049:NHK World-Japan 3994: 3992: 3987: 3851: 3821: 3788: 3775: 3758:naming ceremony 3741: 3728: 3708: 3705: 3702: 3699: 3694: 3629: 3616: 3531: 3515:Edgar Allan Poe 3492: 3486:Fujiwara family 3475: 3437: 3422: 3409: 3396: 3386: 3373: 3363: 3350: 3329: 3314: 3297: 3281: 3239: 3229: 3181: 3100: 3087: 3085:Ki no Tsurayuki 3074: 3061: 3048: 3038: 2997: 2985:Empress Michiko 2974: 2948: 2933: 2918: 2915:Hitachi-no-miya 2903: 2888: 2866: 2856: 2846:Prince Akishino 2834: 2819: 2784: 2770: 2755: 2740: 2725: 2710: 2648: 2645:Erikku Shinseki 2626: 2613:names, such as 2594: 2577: 2534: 2523: 2517: 2514: 2499: 2483: 2472: 2453: 2436: 2417: 2402: 2383: 2362: 2336: 2325: 2297: 2283: 2277: 2262: 2247: 2232: 2214: 2199: 2184: 2161: 2146: 2133: 2125:Main articles: 2123: 2108: 2093: 2078: 2066: 2055: 2049: 2046: 2035: 2022: 2018: 2011: 1985: 1962: 1951: 1945: 1942: 1931: 1919: 1908: 1866: 1851: 1843:, "rice field") 1836: 1827: 1808:ruby characters 1760: 1745: 1736: 1480: 1469: 1463: 1460: 1445: 1429: 1418: 1399: 1365: 1326: 1291: 1176: 1151: 1132: 1113: 1094: 1072: 1053: 1036: 1026: 1007: 988: 969: 950: 908: 907:or "lower name" 903: 890: 887: 787: 728: 707: 694: 681: 639: 604: 603:seishi or shōji 582: 572: 571:, Taira no Ason 562: 539: 526: 503: 490: 477: 464: 451: 436: 426: 416: 406: 396: 386: 376:Japanese people 372: 312: 296: 268: 252: 241: 240: 239: 234: 223: 217: 214: 177:"Japanese name" 171: 169: 159: 147: 132: 121: 115: 112: 105: 86: 82: 45: 41: 34: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7849: 7847: 7839: 7838: 7833: 7831:Japanese names 7823: 7822: 7816: 7815: 7813: 7812: 7806: 7803: 7802: 7800: 7799: 7794: 7793: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7776: 7775: 7760: 7755: 7754: 7753: 7743: 7736: 7731: 7726: 7719: 7714: 7709: 7704: 7703: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7684: 7683: 7682: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7646: 7645: 7644: 7643: 7628: 7623: 7617: 7615: 7611: 7610: 7608: 7607: 7606: 7605: 7595: 7589: 7587: 7583: 7582: 7579: 7578: 7576: 7575: 7574: 7573: 7568: 7566:Ecclesiastical 7558: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7542: 7541: 7536: 7526: 7521: 7516: 7515: 7514: 7509: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7479: 7473: 7471: 7465: 7464: 7462: 7461: 7460: 7459: 7458: 7457: 7444: 7434: 7424: 7419: 7418: 7417: 7416: 7415: 7413:Ecclesiastical 7405: 7400: 7395: 7384: 7382: 7373: 7357: 7356: 7354: 7353: 7348: 7343: 7342: 7341: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7320: 7319: 7314: 7309: 7302:Christian name 7298: 7296: 7290: 7289: 7286: 7285: 7283: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7231: 7230: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7197: 7195: 7192:Southeast Asia 7179: 7178: 7175: 7174: 7172: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7140: 7139: 7132: 7125: 7116:Eastern Slavic 7113: 7108: 7103: 7097: 7095: 7089: 7088: 7086: 7085: 7084: 7083: 7071: 7066: 7065: 7064: 7057: 7050: 7043: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7005: 7003: 6997: 6996: 6994: 6993: 6992: 6991: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6963: 6962: 6955: 6948: 6941: 6929: 6923: 6921: 6915: 6914: 6912: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6885: 6883: 6877: 6876: 6874: 6873: 6868: 6862: 6860: 6851: 6850: 6845: 6844: 6843: 6836: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6788: 6786: 6771: 6770: 6768: 6767: 6762: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6726: 6724: 6718: 6717: 6715: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6699: 6693: 6691: 6685: 6684: 6682: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6610: 6608: 6600: 6599: 6597: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6575: 6573: 6567: 6566: 6564: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6532: 6531: 6524: 6517: 6510: 6498: 6492: 6490: 6481: 6473: 6472: 6470: 6469: 6464: 6463: 6462: 6457: 6447: 6440: 6435: 6434: 6433: 6423: 6416: 6415: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6394: 6387: 6381: 6379: 6368: 6367: 6365: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6353: 6352: 6342: 6341: 6340: 6335: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6304: 6302: 6298: 6297: 6295: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6278: 6277: 6267: 6262: 6257: 6256: 6255: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6217: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6196: 6191: 6185: 6183: 6179: 6178: 6176: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6159: 6157: 6153: 6152: 6150: 6149: 6148: 6147: 6146: 6145: 6135: 6121: 6116: 6110: 6108: 6104: 6103: 6096:Personal names 6094: 6092: 6091: 6084: 6077: 6069: 6063: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6047: 6042: 6036: 6023: 6021: 5998: 5982: 5972:静岡大学人文学部城岡研究室 5966: 5944: 5933: 5932:External links 5930: 5929: 5928: 5913: 5893: 5886: 5871: 5860:Japanese Names 5858:O'Neill, P.G. 5856: 5818: 5803: 5790: 5781: 5778: 5777: 5776: 5769: 5744:Japanese names 5742:Power, John. " 5738: 5735: 5733: 5732: 5706: 5683: 5658: 5638: 5628:. 12 July 2021 5613: 5586: 5559: 5532: 5512: 5484: 5446: 5420: 5390: 5369: 5347:Terry, Edith. 5340: 5322: 5317:new.gramota.ru 5313:"Поиск ответа" 5304: 5280:Terry, Edith. 5268: 5238: 5218: 5183: 5164: 5134: 5119: 5093: 5086: 5068: 5059: 5025:Ravina, Mark. 5018: 5009: 4993: 4980: 4955: 4930: 4907: 4889: 4870: 4837: 4798: 4764:Hakes, Molly. 4757: 4711: 4677:Hakes, Molly. 4667: 4656:www.sljfaq.org 4643: 4632: 4606: 4572:Hakes, Molly. 4565: 4531:Hakes, Molly. 4524: 4509:"日本一長い苗字 [ 4500: 4468: 4450: 4439: 4436:on 2006-06-24. 4418: 4400: 4376: 4351: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4316: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4286: 4284:Japanese alias 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4228: 4225: 4180:(disyllabic). 4068: 4065: 4026:Yoshihide Suga 3988: 3983: 3980: 3979: 3975: 3974: 3967: 3958: 3883:Fumiko Orikasa 3820: 3817: 3436: 3433: 3420:Kyokutei Bakin 3384:Kido Takayoshi 3361:Sakamoto Ryōma 2996: 2993: 2930:Mikasa-no-miya 2833: 2832:Imperial names 2830: 2687:, rather than 2617:(who was half 2615:Lafcadio Hearn 2550:discrimination 2536: 2535: 2486: 2484: 2477: 2471: 2468: 2279:Main article: 2276: 2273: 2122: 2119: 2068: 2067: 2025: 2023: 2016: 2010: 2007: 1972:jinmeiyō kanji 1964: 1963: 1922: 1920: 1913: 1907: 1904: 1812:romanized name 1769:, but is read 1710:respectively. 1680:here. The two 1482: 1481: 1432: 1430: 1423: 1417: 1414: 1385:Saxon genitive 1325: 1322: 918:shita no namae 886: 883: 450: 447: 371: 368: 347:jinmeiyō kanji 310:Japanese names 254: 253: 236: 235: 150: 148: 141: 134: 133: 116:September 2020 89: 87: 80: 75: 49: 48: 46: 39: 31:Names of Japan 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7848: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7828: 7826: 7811: 7808: 7807: 7804: 7798: 7795: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7774: 7771: 7770: 7769: 7766: 7765: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7752: 7749: 7748: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7741: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7724: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7705: 7701: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7687: 7685: 7681: 7678: 7677: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7642: 7639: 7638: 7637: 7634: 7633: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7618: 7616: 7612: 7604: 7601: 7600: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7590: 7588: 7584: 7572: 7569: 7567: 7564: 7563: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7531: 7530: 7527: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7517: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7484: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7474: 7472: 7470: 7466: 7456: 7452: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7439: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7429: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7420: 7414: 7411: 7410: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7390: 7389: 7386: 7385: 7383: 7381: 7377: 7374: 7372: 7368: 7364: 7358: 7352: 7349: 7347: 7346:Mandaean name 7344: 7340: 7337: 7336: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7310: 7308: 7307:Biblical name 7305: 7304: 7303: 7300: 7299: 7297: 7295: 7291: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7228: 7224: 7223: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7202: 7199: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7188: 7184: 7180: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7137: 7133: 7130: 7126: 7123: 7119: 7118: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7098: 7096: 7094: 7090: 7081: 7077: 7076: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7062: 7058: 7055: 7051: 7048: 7044: 7041: 7037: 7036: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7002: 6998: 6989: 6985: 6984: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6960: 6956: 6953: 6949: 6946: 6942: 6939: 6935: 6934: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6924: 6922: 6920: 6916: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6884: 6882: 6878: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6863: 6861: 6859: 6855: 6849: 6846: 6841: 6837: 6834: 6833:Ancient Greek 6830: 6829: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6789: 6787: 6785: 6780: 6779:North America 6776: 6772: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6727: 6725: 6723: 6719: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6700: 6698: 6695: 6694: 6692: 6690: 6686: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6611: 6609: 6605: 6601: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6576: 6574: 6570:Northern Asia 6568: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6529: 6525: 6522: 6518: 6515: 6511: 6508: 6504: 6503: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6493: 6491: 6489: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6474: 6468: 6465: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6452: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6445: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6432: 6429: 6428: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6421: 6420:Nom de guerre 6417: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6399: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6392: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6373: 6369: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6351: 6348: 6347: 6346: 6343: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6330: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6305: 6303: 6299: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6276: 6273: 6272: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6253: 6249: 6248: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6201: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6186: 6184: 6180: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6160: 6158: 6154: 6144: 6141: 6140: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6130: 6127: 6126: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6111: 6109: 6107:Personal name 6105: 6101: 6097: 6090: 6085: 6083: 6078: 6076: 6071: 6070: 6067: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6040: 6037: 6034: 6030: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019:(in Japanese) 6016: 6012: 6009: 5999: 5996:(in Japanese) 5993: 5983: 5980:(in Japanese) 5977: 5967: 5964:(in Japanese) 5962: 5958: 5955: 5945: 5943: 5939: 5936: 5935: 5931: 5926: 5925:1-880656-30-2 5922: 5918: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5908:0-939329-02-6 5905: 5902: 5898: 5894: 5891: 5887: 5884: 5883:1-873410-42-5 5880: 5876: 5872: 5869: 5868:0-8348-0225-2 5865: 5861: 5857: 5854: 5850: 5846: 5834: 5830: 5819: 5816: 5815:0-7103-1102-8 5812: 5808: 5804: 5801: 5800: 5795: 5791: 5788: 5784: 5783: 5779: 5774: 5770: 5767: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5754: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5740: 5736: 5721: 5717: 5710: 5707: 5703: 5702: 5697: 5693: 5687: 5684: 5680: 5676: 5672: 5668: 5662: 5659: 5655: 5651: 5647: 5642: 5639: 5627: 5623: 5617: 5614: 5606:September 24, 5601: 5597: 5590: 5587: 5575: 5574: 5569: 5563: 5560: 5548: 5547: 5546:The Economist 5542: 5536: 5533: 5529: 5528: 5523: 5516: 5513: 5501: 5500: 5495: 5488: 5485: 5472: 5468: 5464: 5457: 5455: 5453: 5451: 5447: 5435: 5431: 5424: 5421: 5416: 5412: 5408: 5404: 5400: 5394: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5379: 5373: 5370: 5367: 5364: 5363:0-7656-0356-X 5360: 5356: 5352: 5351: 5344: 5341: 5336: 5332: 5326: 5323: 5318: 5314: 5308: 5305: 5301: 5297: 5296:0-7656-0356-X 5293: 5289: 5285: 5284: 5277: 5275: 5273: 5269: 5265: 5264: 5259: 5253: 5251: 5249: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5239: 5235: 5231: 5225: 5223: 5219: 5215: 5211: 5207: 5206: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5187: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5174: 5168: 5165: 5152: 5148: 5144: 5138: 5135: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5116: 5112: 5108: 5107: 5104: 5097: 5094: 5089: 5083: 5079: 5072: 5069: 5063: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5047:1-118-04556-4 5044: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5028: 5022: 5019: 5013: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4984: 4981: 4969: 4965: 4959: 4956: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4942: 4934: 4931: 4919: 4911: 4908: 4903: 4899: 4893: 4890: 4886: 4885: 4880: 4874: 4871: 4867: 4863: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4841: 4838: 4826: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4802: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4787: 4786:1-59337-147-0 4783: 4779: 4775: 4771: 4767: 4761: 4758: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4745:0-19-861060-2 4742: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4726: 4720: 4718: 4716: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4700: 4699:1-59337-147-0 4696: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4674: 4672: 4668: 4657: 4653: 4647: 4644: 4636: 4633: 4621: 4615: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4594:1-59337-147-0 4591: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4575: 4569: 4566: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4553:1-59337-147-0 4550: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4528: 4525: 4514: 4512: 4504: 4501: 4489: 4482: 4480: 4472: 4469: 4464: 4460: 4454: 4451: 4448: 4443: 4440: 4432: 4428: 4422: 4419: 4414: 4410: 4404: 4401: 4395: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4387: 4385: 4383: 4381: 4377: 4365: 4361: 4355: 4352: 4339: 4335: 4327: 4324: 4318: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4293: 4292: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4246: 4242: 4231: 4226: 4224: 4222: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4209: 4205: 4200: 4199: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4181: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4165: 4156: 4152:" is read as 4145: 4134: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4108: 4101: 4099: 4075:, Yamada Tarō 4074: 4066: 4064: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4045: 4040: 4039: 4038:The Economist 4034: 4029: 4027: 4022: 4021: 4015: 4011: 4006: 4002: 3999: 3991: 3986: 3977: 3976: 3972: 3966: 3963: 3962: 3957: 3954: 3953: 3947: 3944: 3939: 3935: 3929: 3927: 3923: 3922:Chinese names 3917: 3915: 3910: 3909: 3902: 3899: 3896: 3895: 3884: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3868: 3849: 3844: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3826: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3807: 3800: 3795: 3786: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3761: 3759: 3752: 3740: 3726: 3722: 3719: 3718: 3692: 3686: 3685: 3678: 3677: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3658: 3657: 3651: 3647: 3645: 3641: 3628: 3613: 3607: 3604: 3598: 3597: 3590: 3589: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3570: 3564: 3558: 3557: 3550: 3529: 3528: 3522: 3518: 3516: 3512: 3511:Edogawa Ranpo 3508: 3504: 3491: 3487: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3443:and Japanese 3442: 3434: 3432: 3421: 3408: 3385: 3362: 3348: 3344: 3339: 3327: 3313: 3308: 3294: 3279: 3274: 3271: 3266: 3265:Emperor Jomei 3261: 3255: 3250: 3227: 3221: 3218: 3217: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3194: 3179: 3173: 3168: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3148: 3144: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3126: 3124: 3123:own languages 3120: 3115: 3114: 3099: 3086: 3073: 3060: 3037: 3032: 3028:aristocratic 3027: 3022: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3007:Japanese clan 3003: 3000: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2986: 2972: 2967: 2963: 2958: 2946: 2931: 2916: 2901: 2900:Tsugu-no-miya 2886: 2881: 2876: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2848:took his name 2847: 2844:, from which 2843: 2838: 2831: 2829: 2817: 2812: 2808: 2807: 2804: 2795: 2782: 2768: 2764:, Dominic is 2753: 2738: 2723: 2708: 2703: 2699: 2694: 2680: 2676: 2660: 2646: 2641: 2640:Eric Shinseki 2636: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2593: 2592:Arudou Debito 2589: 2576: 2572: 2571:National Diet 2566: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2554:Han Chang-Woo 2551: 2546: 2545: 2532: 2529: 2521: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2497: 2496: 2492: 2487:This section 2485: 2481: 2476: 2475: 2469: 2467: 2465: 2452: 2448: 2434: 2429: 2415: 2400: 2399:Buraddo Pitto 2395: 2381: 2373: 2372:Kimura Takuya 2361: 2360:Takuya Kimura 2357: 2352: 2349: 2323: 2319: 2314: 2308: 2295: 2294: 2288: 2287:hypocoristics 2282: 2274: 2272: 2260: 2245: 2230: 2224: 2212: 2197: 2182: 2175: 2173: 2159: 2144: 2139: 2132: 2128: 2120: 2118: 2106: 2091: 2076: 2064: 2061: 2053: 2050:November 2020 2043: 2042:the talk page 2039: 2033: 2031: 2026:This section 2024: 2015: 2014: 2008: 2006: 2002: 2000: 1995: 1982: 1981: 1974: 1973: 1960: 1957: 1949: 1939: 1935: 1929: 1928: 1923:This section 1921: 1917: 1912: 1911: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1864: 1849: 1834: 1825: 1819: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1804:Address books 1800: 1797: 1791: 1785: 1779: 1773: 1767: 1758: 1743: 1737:("April 1st") 1734: 1722: 1721: 1714: 1711: 1684: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1666: 1643: 1638: 1633: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1622:pronunciation 1619: 1513: 1502: 1496: 1478: 1475: 1467: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1443: 1442: 1438: 1433:This section 1431: 1427: 1422: 1421: 1415: 1413: 1411: 1397: 1386: 1381: 1375: 1362: 1361: 1354: 1353: 1346: 1345: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1317:Chinese names 1313: 1289: 1283: 1279: 1276: 1270: 1264: 1252: 1248:, it ends in 1246: 1235: 1230: 1224: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1204: 1201: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1174: 1170:The usage of 1168: 1165: 1163: 1149: 1144: 1130: 1125: 1111: 1106: 1092: 1086: 1084: 1070: 1065: 1051: 1046: 1024: 1019: 1005: 1000: 986: 981: 967: 962: 948: 942: 940: 929: 928:pronunciation 924: 919: 901: 884: 882: 879: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 849: 845: 841: 837: 833: 829: 825: 821: 816: 810: 804: 799: 786: 785:Fujiwara clan 781: 775: 774: 767: 762: 757: 756: 744: 738: 725: 723: 719: 706: 693: 680: 675: 672: 671: 664: 658: 652: 636: 630: 624: 618: 613: 599: 594: 560: 556: 552: 548: 535: 521: 516: 512: 499: 486: 473: 460: 456: 448: 446: 383: 381: 377: 369: 367: 365: 361: 357: 352: 349: 348: 342: 338: 334: 330: 323: 311: 295: 292: 288: 284: 280: 277:, a Japanese 267: 264: 260: 250: 247: 232: 229: 221: 210: 207: 203: 200: 196: 193: 189: 186: 182: 179: – 178: 174: 173:Find sources: 167: 163: 157: 156: 151:This article 149: 145: 140: 139: 130: 127: 119: 109: 104: 100: 96: 95: 88: 79: 78: 73: 71: 64: 63: 58: 57: 52: 47: 38: 37: 32: 27: 19: 7785:Signum manus 7773:Royal cypher 7738: 7723:Nomen nescio 7721: 7717:Nomenclature 7712:Naming taboo 7524:Professional 7367:of authority 7317:Saint's name 6982:Scandinavian 6604:Muslim world 6535: 6442: 6418: 6389: 6241:Occupational 6100:anthroponymy 5916: 5896: 5889: 5874: 5859: 5848: 5844: 5832: 5828: 5824:日外アソシエーツ株式会社 5806: 5797: 5786: 5772: 5751: 5737:Bibliography 5723:. Retrieved 5719: 5709: 5699: 5686: 5661: 5649: 5641: 5630:. Retrieved 5625: 5616: 5604:. Retrieved 5599: 5589: 5578:. Retrieved 5576:. 2020-03-30 5571: 5562: 5551:. Retrieved 5549:. 2020-01-02 5544: 5535: 5525: 5515: 5503:. Retrieved 5497: 5487: 5475:. Retrieved 5466: 5437:. Retrieved 5423: 5411:the original 5393: 5372: 5348: 5343: 5334: 5325: 5316: 5307: 5281: 5261: 5213: 5209: 5203: 5199: 5195: 5191: 5186: 5176: 5172: 5167: 5155:. Retrieved 5149:. Issendai. 5147:issendai.com 5146: 5137: 5106: 5103: 5096: 5077: 5071: 5062: 5039:Google Books 5026: 5021: 5012: 5004: 4988: 4983: 4971:. Retrieved 4967: 4958: 4940: 4933: 4922:. Retrieved 4910: 4902:the original 4892: 4882: 4873: 4858:Google Books 4845: 4840: 4829:. Retrieved 4815: 4811: 4801: 4778:Google Books 4765: 4760: 4737:Google Books 4724: 4691:Google Books 4678: 4659:. Retrieved 4655: 4646: 4635: 4624:. Retrieved 4586:Google Books 4573: 4568: 4545:Google Books 4532: 4527: 4516:. Retrieved 4510: 4503: 4492:. Retrieved 4490:. 2008-09-24 4478: 4471: 4462: 4453: 4442: 4431:the original 4421: 4412: 4403: 4368:. Retrieved 4363: 4354: 4342:. Retrieved 4337: 4326: 4303:Chinese name 4241:Japan portal 4207: 4203: 4196: 4182: 4169: 4166: 4102: 4070: 4044:The Diplomat 4042: 4036: 4030: 4020:The Diplomat 4018: 3995: 3989: 3984: 3950: 3948: 3933: 3930: 3926:Korean names 3918: 3906: 3903: 3900: 3888: 3872: 3867:Meiji period 3863: 3848:Momoi Haruko 3835:Haruko Momoi 3822: 3762: 3723: 3666:tea ceremony 3648: 3608: 3519: 3507:Beat Kiyoshi 3503:Beat Takeshi 3438: 3340: 3312:Matsuo Bashō 3275: 3256: 3222: 3172:Santō Kyōden 3169: 3157:Kenreimon-in 3149: 3145: 3127: 3047:was Yoritomo 3004: 3001: 2998: 2966:World War II 2959: 2877: 2857: 2794:Furanshisuko 2749:, Martin is 2695: 2637: 2567: 2544:sōshi-kaimei 2539: 2524: 2518:January 2014 2515: 2500:Please help 2488: 2428:Jimi Hendrix 2353: 2309: 2284: 2225: 2206:, "teacher") 2176: 2134: 2071: 2056: 2047: 2036:Please help 2027: 2003: 1996: 1967: 1952: 1943: 1932:Please help 1927:verification 1924: 1901: 1873:, "village") 1820: 1801: 1757:kotori asobi 1715: 1712: 1669: 1634: 1626:romanization 1485: 1470: 1461: 1446:Please help 1434: 1410:Sen no Rikyū 1376: 1327: 1314: 1284: 1280: 1219: 1215: 1205: 1169: 1166: 1087: 943: 925: 888: 880: 874:, Bitō, and 753: 739: 726: 676: 602: 592: 558: 554: 537: 524: 501: 488: 475: 462: 458: 454: 452: 449:Family names 384: 373: 353: 309: 308: 286: 282: 242: 224: 218:January 2023 215: 205: 198: 191: 184: 172: 160:Please help 155:verification 152: 122: 113: 106:Please help 102: 91: 67: 60: 54: 53:Please help 50: 26: 7758:Proper name 7680:Name change 7534:Educational 7512:Substantive 7451:decorations 7334:Jewish name 7329:Dharma name 7294:By religion 6959:Hongkongese 6784:Australasia 6624:Azerbaijani 6357:Regnal name 6338:Temple name 6168:Middle name 6156:By sequence 6133:Matrilineal 6129:Patrilineal 5799:Japan Times 5787:Japan Times 5753:The Indexer 5355:M.E. Sharpe 5288:M.E. Sharpe 5202:. See also 4884:Japan Times 4364:東京・埼玉の理系弁護士 4308:Korean name 4174:Abe Lincoln 4172:taken from 4168:pet turkey 4010:Moon Jae-in 3978:@konotaromp 3843:Los Angeles 3794:higher rank 3670:calligraphy 3596:nishiki-ori 3455:wrestlers, 2981:, "Prince") 2734:, Jacob is 2719:), John is 2619:Anglo-Irish 2464:Mamiko Noto 2191:, "mother") 1906:Regulations 1858:, "middle") 1120:, "beauty") 1033:, "first ") 1014:, "first ") 885:Given names 796:gave their 666:. See also 551:patrilineal 515:patrilineal 459:family name 445:(surname). 364:logographic 329:family name 110:if you can. 7825:Categories 7751:Identifier 7734:Onomastics 7675:Legal name 7655:Deadnaming 7551:Diplomatic 7507:Subsidiary 7502:Hereditary 7393:Diplomatic 7312:Papal name 7221:Indonesian 7187:South Asia 7183:Indosphere 7149:Macedonian 7122:Belarusian 7029:Portuguese 6871:Lithuanian 6765:Zimbabwean 6561:Vietnamese 6521:Generation 6488:East Asian 6476:By culture 6450:Stage name 6407:Hypocorism 6372:Pseudonyms 6362:Slave name 6313:Birth name 6265:Teknonymic 6246:Patronymic 6226:Matronymic 6189:Diminutive 6163:First name 6119:Given name 6114:Birth name 5839:日本姓名よみふり辞典 5675:0549582479 5632:2023-04-17 5580:2020-04-04 5553:2020-01-11 5263:Look Japan 4924:2014-10-09 4866:185359489X 4831:2023-10-24 4661:2017-11-14 4626:2012-01-24 4518:2023-10-24 4494:2012-05-30 4370:2024-01-12 4344:6 December 4338:Excite Bit 4319:References 4274:Amami name 4269:Onomastics 4178:Shinzo Abe 4139:有邊讀邊，沒邊讀中間 4130:, read as 4067:In Chinese 4014:Xi Jinping 4005:Shinzō Abe 3908:Look Japan 3839:Anime Expo 3769:courtesans 3756:through a 3745:五代目坂東玉三郎 3627:Takanohana 3546:. While a 3490:Hino Yōjin 3465:television 3206:poet, and 2852:See also: 2803:kirishitan 2698:Portuguese 2100:, "child") 2032:to readers 1980:jōyō kanji 1891:(Nakada), 1824:tanakamura 1814:for their 1377:The sound 1324:Characters 1193:and early 1101:, "child") 800:surnames ( 769:(or, with 758:, has the 752:, meaning 722:Edo period 415:, or Arata 341:jōyō kanji 333:given name 287:Jane Smith 283:John Smith 188:newspapers 56:improve it 7763:Signature 7650:Call sign 7626:Anonymity 7561:Religious 7487:Chivalric 7408:Religious 7403:Judiciary 7388:Honorific 7371:of honour 7270:Sinhalese 7260:Pakistani 7245:Malaysian 7240:Cambodian 7144:Kashubian 7136:Ukrainian 7101:Bulgarian 7040:Praenomen 6977:Icelandic 6848:Hungarian 6649:Pakistani 6584:Mongolian 6438:Ring name 6431:Heteronym 6397:Nicknames 6318:Code name 6270:Toponymic 6260:Sobriquet 6236:Mononymic 6231:Metonymic 6173:Last name 5849:Mei-no bu 5845:Sei-no bu 5766:EBSCOHost 5762:0019-4131 5399:KONO Taro 5335:abroad.ru 5129:251325323 4217:Cantonese 4193:Hong Kong 4001:Tarō Kōno 3965:KONO Taro 3644:St. Louis 3625:and then 3449:comedians 3347:shogunate 2957:, etc.). 2882:was born 2752:Maruchino 2652:エリックシンセキ 2621:and half 2581:ツルネンマルテイ 2489:does not 2451:Terry Ito 2394:Brad Pitt 2275:Nicknames 2138:out-group 1946:July 2009 1793:) hawks ( 1772:Takanashi 1720:jukujikun 1618:collation 1464:July 2009 1435:does not 705:Takahashi 453:The term 370:Structure 289:would be 62:talk page 7780:Khelrtva 7768:Monogram 7729:Misnomer 7707:Namesake 7641:National 7598:Name day 7556:Judicial 7546:Business 7539:Honorary 7529:Academic 7519:Military 7492:Courtesy 7477:Academic 7442:Academic 7432:Emeritus 7235:Javanese 7216:Filipino 7201:Balinese 7169:Suffixes 7106:Croatian 7069:Romanian 7054:Cognomen 6952:Canadian 6938:American 6919:Germanic 6904:Scottish 6822:Georgian 6812:Estonian 6797:Armenian 6792:Albanian 6750:Ghanaian 6707:Hawaiian 6644:Mandaean 6551:Okinawan 6536:Japanese 6507:Courtesy 6467:Username 6460:Mononyms 6426:Pen name 6412:Monarchs 6385:Art name 6328:Necronym 6308:Aptronym 6221:Eponymic 6182:By trait 6029:Archived 6011:Archived 5957:Archived 5890:Language 5831:) 1990. 5725:14 April 5669:, 2007. 5667:ProQuest 5471:Archived 5357:, 2002. 5290:, 2002. 5151:Archived 5143:"Kamuro" 5111:Gukanshō 5033:, 2011. 4973:14 April 4950:12619597 4852:, 2001. 4772:, 2004. 4731:, 2006. 4685:, 2004. 4580:, 2004. 4539:, 2004. 4279:Art-name 4227:See also 4189:Nintendo 3841:2007 in 3706:art name 3640:Sentoryu 3574:province 3445:dramatic 3326:Bashō-an 3119:Ryukyuan 3059:Minamoto 3017:particle 2971:-no-miya 2962:Minamoto 2864:Hirohito 2781:Taro Aso 2767:Dominiko 2684:サトシ・ナカモト 2659:Yoko Ono 2406:ブラッド・ピット 2380:Kimutaku 2324:. 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