51:
362:-based Tuareg clans and worked by a permanent population, the workers at Teguidda return to In-Gall for the remainder of the year. Teguidda also lacks a stable oasis, which provides In-Gall with market gardens and date palm farming on a year-round basis. Prior to its decline in the 20th century — because of the smaller scale of the In-Gall salt markets as well as its easy access by road — In-Gall was once a destination of the
120:
58:
378:
In 2004, a
Canadian corporation was granted a government license to mine for uranium in the area. Northwestern Mineral Ventures was awarded the Irhazer and Ingall concessions, each 2,000 square kilometres (770 sq mi) in size. Mines would reportedly be "open pit" strip mines. More than 100
388:, some 85 km north of in Gall, which includes extending roads from In-Gall to the site. Nigerien human rights, environmental and Tuareg groups have argued that mining activities in this region are a threat to scarce water resources, upon which pastoralists depend. The short rainy season in the
353:
to the east each year, producing natural salt ponds. The population of In-Gall maintain and harvest from evaporation ponds here, sending labourers from the local clans to work the salt and transport it back to In-Gall at the end of the season. In-Gall is near enough that, unlike the oasis town of
515:
which indexed ancient burial mounds, trade routes, metal working, the first medieval Berber occupation sites, and the unique salt extraction economy which was fading after the construction of the paved highway in the 1970s. Prior to this they produced a single volume work:
337:. Of particular note have been thousands of pre-common era stone burial mounds which suggest a common culture in the area. Archeologists have also found in the In-Gall region many of the earliest mosques in Niger, dating back to early Berber occupations before 1000CE.
533:
Bernus, Suzanne, and
Patrice Cressier. La région d'In Gall-Tegida N Tesemt (Niger): programme archéologique d'urgence, 1977–1981. IV, Azelik-Takadda et l'implantation sédentaire médiévale. Etudes nigériennes, 51. Niamey: Institut de recherches en sciences humaines,
292:
InGall, an oasis town in a semi-desert zone that forms the gateway to the Sahara. InGall is a conglomeration of mud houses, whose gardens, in contrast to the barren landscape in which the town is set, are filled with fruit trees and vegetable
250:
pastoralists to celebrate the end of the rainy season each
September. During the festival, In-Gall's population grows to several thousand nomads, officials, and tourists. As of 2011, the commune had a total population of 47,170 people.
383:
area since 2004 to foreign firms from China (over 40%), Canada, and India. Since 2007, a
Chinese mining consortium, whose license covers an area north of In-Gall, has carried out infrastructural work for new uranium mine at
524:. Du sel et des dattes: introduction à l'étude de la communauté d'In Gall et de Tegidda-n-tesemt. Etudes Nigeriennes, 31. Niamey: Centre Nigérien de Recherches en Sciences Humaines, (1972).
306:
The history, archaeology, and culture of the In-Gall area has been extensively studied, most notably by the French anthropologist and archaeologist couple, Suzanne and Edmond Bernus.
281:
During the Tuareg insurgency of the 1990s, In-Gall was a prime fortification of the Niger armed forces, and when peace was concluded in 2000 the old fort was reportedly abandoned.
436:
329:
Archaeological evidence shows the area as a centre of prehistoric populations dating back some eight thousand year to when it sat in the midst of a now dry
729:
457:
606:(2, October 2007). Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Dynamiques Sociales et le DĂ©veloppement Local, (LASDEL), Niamey. Retrieved 2009-03-16.
483:
581:
665:
599:(3, 2008). Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Dynamiques Sociales et le DĂ©veloppement Local, (LASDEL), Niamey. Retrieved 2009-03-16.
82:
555:
644:
309:
In-Gall is not only a prominent Tuareg seasonal centre, to which certain clans return each year, but it has a history as a stop in the
429:
630:
614:
678:
722:
50:
349:, around 15 km to the north. Teguidda, on the site of an ancient lake bed, floods as water washes down from the
543:
2137:
715:
461:
2152:
619:
1386:
392:
area north and west of In-Gall makes the region the northern destination for a cattle and camel herding
578:
2142:
939:
787:
346:
144:
521:
321:
thereafter, and became a French colonial fort in an often hostile region in the early 20th century.
944:
934:
517:
496:
409:
318:
310:
949:
929:
235:
1706:
609:
Samuel Decalo. Historical
Dictionary of Niger. Scarecrow Press, London and New Jersey (1979).
262:(200 km to the northeast, 150 km from the Algerian border) or the provincial capital
1561:
1446:
738:
626:
610:
477:
154:
511:
While the Bernus have written several works on the area, the most notable is the five volume
2021:
1536:
1311:
1256:
792:
641:
385:
132:
1816:
513:
La Région d'In Gall—Tegidda n Tesemt (Niger): programme archéologique d'urgence, 1977–1981.
366:
salt caravans, in which Tuareg merchants transported salt from the markets here across the
2157:
2147:
1461:
1336:
988:
648:
585:
1721:
2046:
1886:
1491:
1456:
566:
314:
2131:
2041:
1966:
1916:
1836:
1771:
1631:
1171:
882:
842:
832:
350:
243:
223:
137:
408:
In-Gall is also famous to outsiders for its palaeontological digs, most notably the
2111:
2086:
2056:
2016:
1981:
1976:
1896:
1891:
1881:
1796:
1746:
1666:
1656:
1651:
1571:
1486:
1421:
1316:
1306:
1226:
1206:
1166:
1141:
1066:
1061:
993:
852:
847:
817:
812:
397:
393:
1013:
275:
671:
photographs of the InGall market taken by members of a French aid convoy in 2003.
266:(100 km to the east). In the 1970s, the main road was repaved to transport
2091:
2051:
1956:
1866:
1856:
1851:
1811:
1801:
1576:
1541:
1516:
1511:
1431:
1346:
1276:
1216:
1161:
1146:
1136:
919:
877:
857:
827:
822:
334:
670:
1861:
1806:
1791:
1621:
1581:
1551:
1501:
1476:
1466:
1356:
1266:
1221:
1211:
1176:
1086:
1081:
1033:
961:
897:
867:
278:. Since then, its population has dropped from almost 5,000 to less than 500.
239:
693:
680:
603:
596:
97:
84:
2081:
2071:
1951:
1781:
1766:
1756:
1591:
1586:
1556:
1546:
1531:
1436:
1426:
1361:
1351:
1341:
1331:
1286:
1261:
1241:
1236:
1186:
1181:
1111:
1071:
1038:
1028:
976:
892:
636:
1991:
1931:
1846:
1831:
1826:
1736:
1726:
1701:
1691:
1681:
1661:
1646:
1636:
1611:
1526:
1471:
1271:
1251:
1151:
1106:
1096:
1043:
1023:
998:
971:
904:
887:
604:
Observatoire de la décentralisation au Niger: N° 61 La commune d'In Gall
597:
Observatoire de la décentralisation au Niger: N° 73 La commune d'In Gall
254:
In-Gall had been a stop on the main roads between the capital of Niger,
2076:
2066:
2036:
2001:
1986:
1961:
1941:
1936:
1926:
1921:
1911:
1876:
1871:
1776:
1761:
1741:
1716:
1686:
1641:
1616:
1566:
1496:
1481:
1441:
1406:
1391:
1381:
1371:
1366:
1321:
1291:
1156:
1126:
1091:
1003:
956:
914:
872:
862:
389:
380:
330:
267:
247:
17:
412:, and the remains of petrified forests dating back 135 million years.
2116:
2101:
2096:
2061:
2031:
2011:
2006:
1996:
1906:
1901:
1821:
1786:
1751:
1731:
1711:
1671:
1626:
1601:
1596:
1506:
1416:
1411:
1401:
1326:
1301:
1296:
1281:
1246:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1121:
1116:
1101:
1076:
1018:
1008:
983:
966:
924:
909:
802:
767:
762:
748:
363:
359:
263:
255:
707:
625:
Jolijn Geels. Niger. Bradt London and Globe Pequot New York (2006).
579:
http://www.projectexploration.org/niger2000/feature_12_03_2000_e.htm
2106:
2026:
1971:
1946:
1841:
1696:
1676:
1521:
1451:
1396:
1376:
1231:
1131:
837:
807:
797:
782:
777:
772:
367:
355:
271:
259:
231:
227:
125:
711:
642:
description of the town during the Cure Salee festival of 2000.
230:, with a year-round population of less than 500. Known for its
660:
345:
In-Gall is intimately linked with the nearby salt industry at
333:
river valley, fed by the AĂŻr Massif and flowing south to the
556:
ftp://perso.numericable.fr/DOSSIER_TCHINAGHEN_AOUT2008.pdf
274:, but the new road bypassed In-Gall, ending its use as a
258:(600 km to the southwest), and the mining town of
379:
uranium exploration licenses have been granted in the
396:
cycle, which sees communities travel as far south as
567:
http://www.sahara-sahel.com/articles/avenit/ave.html
317:
in the 16th century, was an important centre of the
1054:
755:
189:
184:
176:
168:
163:
153:
143:
131:
113:
34:
723:
8:
222:) is a department, commune and town in the
730:
716:
708:
31:
238:, In-Gall is the gathering point for the
554:See the map on page 9 of this document:
39:In Gall, I-n-Gall, In-Gal, Ingal, Ingall
637:Michael Palin's Travel entry for Ingall
602:Abdoulkader Aghali, Salekh Rhousseini.
421:
183:
175:
172:61,171 km (23,618 sq mi)
162:
112:
77:
43:
544:http://www.stockinterview.com/nwt.html
482:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
475:
370:for agricultural and medicinal uses.
188:
167:
152:
142:
130:
7:
666:Photo of Tuareg men at Ingal Market
595:Abdoulkader Aghali, Koffi Kouassi.
437:Institut National de la Statistique
25:
313:, was an eastern outpost of the
118:
56:
49:
270:from the French-owned mines in
57:
1:
29:Place in Agadez Region, Niger
577:See The Dinosaurs of InGall
2174:
180:456 m (1,499 ft)
745:
584:28 September 2006 at the
358:where plots are owned by
78:
44:
647:8 September 2006 at the
430:"Annuaires_Statistiques"
400:during the dry months.
1387:El Allassane Maireyrey
622:. Accessed 2009-03-27.
297:
288:
347:Tegguiada In Tessoum
98:16.78611°N 6.93361°E
690: /
410:Jobaria tiguidensis
311:Trans-Saharan trade
94: /
70:Location of in Gall
190: • Total
169: • Total
149:In-Gall Department
2138:Communes of Niger
2125:
2124:
1447:Galma Koudawatche
739:Communes of Niger
197:
196:
103:16.78611; 6.93361
16:(Redirected from
2165:
2022:Tibiri (Doutchi)
1537:Guidan Amoumoune
1257:Damagaram Takaya
732:
725:
718:
709:
705:
704:
702:
701:
700:
695:
694:16.783°N 6.933°E
691:
688:
687:
686:
683:
620:Niger: Intou.org
588:
575:
569:
564:
558:
552:
546:
541:
535:
531:
525:
509:
503:
494:
488:
487:
481:
473:
471:
469:
464:on 12 April 2018
460:. Archived from
454:
448:
447:
445:
443:
434:
426:
124:
122:
121:
109:
108:
106:
105:
104:
99:
95:
92:
91:
90:
87:
60:
59:
53:
32:
21:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2121:
1050:
989:Tchin-Tabaraden
751:
741:
736:
698:
696:
692:
689:
684:
681:
679:
677:
676:
657:
649:Wayback Machine
592:
591:
586:Wayback Machine
576:
572:
565:
561:
553:
549:
542:
538:
532:
528:
510:
506:
495:
491:
474:
467:
465:
458:"Archived copy"
456:
455:
451:
441:
439:
432:
428:
427:
423:
418:
406:
376:
343:
341:Salt extraction
327:
304:
287:
119:
117:
102:
100:
96:
93:
88:
85:
83:
81:
80:
74:
73:
72:
71:
68:
67:
66:
65:
61:
40:
37:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2171:
2169:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2153:Oases of Niger
2150:
2145:
2140:
2130:
2129:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2047:Tombokoirey II
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1887:Sarkin Haoussa
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1492:Goroubankassam
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1058:
1056:
1055:Rural communes
1052:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
980:
979:
974:
964:
959:
954:
953:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
901:
900:
895:
890:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
788:Birni N'Gaoure
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
759:
757:
756:Urban communes
753:
752:
746:
743:
742:
737:
735:
734:
727:
720:
712:
674:
673:
668:
663:
656:
653:
652:
651:
639:
634:
623:
617:
607:
600:
590:
589:
570:
559:
547:
536:
526:
522:Suzanne Bernus
504:
489:
449:
420:
419:
417:
414:
405:
402:
375:
374:Uranium mining
372:
342:
339:
326:
323:
315:Songhay Empire
303:
300:
286:
283:
195:
194:
191:
187:
186:
182:
181:
178:
174:
173:
170:
166:
165:
161:
160:
157:
151:
150:
147:
141:
140:
135:
129:
128:
115:
111:
110:
76:
75:
69:
63:
62:
55:
54:
48:
47:
46:
45:
42:
41:
38:
35:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2170:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2042:Tombokoirey I
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1917:Soucoucoutane
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1837:Ouro Gueladjo
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1632:Kanan-Bakache
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
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833:Guidanroumdji
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826:
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821:
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793:Birni-N'Konni
791:
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631:1-84162-152-8
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615:0-8108-1229-0
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319:AĂŻr Sultanate
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226:of northeast
225:
224:Agadez Region
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148:
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139:
138:Agadez Region
136:
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127:
116:
107:
79:Coordinates:
52:
33:
27:
19:
2057:Tondikiwindi
1897:Sassoumbroum
1892:Sarkin Yamma
1707:Koré Maïroua
1652:Kargiubangou
1606:
1572:Harikanassou
1317:Diantchandou
1142:Badaguichiri
1067:Aderbissinat
994:Tchirozerine
813:Dogondoutchi
675:
573:
562:
550:
539:
529:
512:
507:
499:Sunday Times
498:
492:
468:11 September
466:. Retrieved
462:the original
452:
440:. Retrieved
424:
407:
398:Burkina Faso
394:transhumance
377:
344:
328:
308:
305:
298:
291:
289:
280:
253:
242:festival of
219:
215:
211:
207:
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199:
198:
26:
2143:Waystations
2052:Tondikandia
1857:Sabon-Machi
1852:Sabon-Guida
1577:Hawandawaki
1542:Guidan Sori
1512:Goudoumaria
1277:Dan-Kassari
1217:Birni Lalle
1147:Bader Goula
1137:Babankatami
878:Maine-Soroa
697: /
655:Other Links
335:Niger River
325:Pre-history
285:Description
101: /
2132:Categories
1862:Sae Saboua
1817:N'Guelbély
1582:Ibrohamane
1562:Hamdallaye
1552:Guidimouni
1477:Garankedey
1467:Garagoumsa
1357:Dogonkiria
1267:Dan-Goulbi
1222:Bitinkodji
1212:Bibiyergou
1177:Banibangou
1087:Albarkaram
1082:Akoubounou
868:Madarounfa
416:References
351:AĂŻr Massif
276:waystation
240:Cure Salee
236:salt flats
185:Population
145:Department
89:06°56′01″E
86:16°47′10″N
2082:Tsernaoua
2072:Tounounga
1952:Takanamat
1782:Matankari
1767:Makalondi
1757:Maijirgiu
1592:Iferouane
1587:Ichirnawa
1557:Guilladje
1547:Guidiguir
1532:Gueskerou
1437:Gababedji
1427:Foulatari
1362:Doguerawa
1352:Dogo-Dogo
1342:Djiratawa
1332:Dioundiou
1312:Diagourou
1287:Dantchiao
1262:Dan-Barto
1242:Chetimari
1237:Chadakori
1187:Baoudetta
1182:Bankilare
1112:Attantane
1072:Adjekoria
1014:Tillabéri
930:Commune I
747:Capital:
404:Dinosaurs
177:Elevation
1992:Tchadoua
1932:Tabotaki
1847:Roumboui
1832:Ourafane
1827:Ollelewa
1812:N'Gourti
1802:N'Dounga
1737:Kourteye
1727:Kourfeye
1702:Korahane
1692:Kolleram
1682:Kirtachi
1662:Karofane
1647:Karakara
1637:Kankandi
1612:Issawane
1527:Guecheme
1517:Goûgaram
1472:Garhanga
1272:Dan-Issa
1252:Dakoussa
1152:Bagaroua
1107:Anzourou
1097:Allakaye
999:Tessaoua
920:N'guigmi
905:Matameye
823:Filingué
645:Archived
582:Archived
478:cite web
293:patches.
208:I-n-Gall
2077:Tsaouni
2067:Toumour
2037:Tirmini
2002:Tebaram
1987:Tassara
1962:Tamaske
1942:Tagriss
1937:Tagazar
1927:Tabelot
1922:Tabalak
1912:Sokorbe
1877:Sambera
1872:Sakoira
1807:N'Gonga
1777:Malbaza
1762:Maiyara
1742:Koygolo
1717:Kornaka
1687:Kokorou
1642:Kantche
1617:Kablewa
1607:In-Gall
1567:Hamdara
1502:Gothèye
1497:Gorouol
1482:Gazaoua
1462:Gangara
1457:Gangara
1442:Gaffati
1407:Falenko
1392:Fabidji
1382:Dungass
1372:Doungou
1367:Doumega
1322:Dingazi
1292:Daouche
1157:Bambeye
1127:Azarori
1092:Alakoss
957:Ouallam
915:Mirriah
873:Magaria
863:Madaoua
682:16°47′N
501:, 2004.
390:Azawagh
381:Azawagh
331:Azawagh
302:History
268:uranium
248:Wodaabe
204:In Gall
200:In-Gall
159:In Gall
155:Commune
114:Country
64:In-Gall
36:In-Gall
18:In Gall
2158:Tuareg
2148:Sahara
2117:Zermou
2102:Yekoua
2097:Yaouri
2062:Torodi
2032:Tillia
2012:Tesker
2007:Tenhya
1997:Tchake
1967:Tamaya
1907:Sinder
1902:Simiri
1822:Namaro
1787:Mehana
1772:Malawa
1752:Libore
1732:Kourni
1712:Korgom
1672:Kieche
1627:Kalfou
1602:Inates
1597:Imanan
1507:Gouchi
1417:Falwel
1412:Falmey
1402:Fakara
1327:Dirkou
1302:Deoule
1297:Dargol
1282:Dannet
1247:Dabaga
1202:Bengou
1197:Bazaga
1192:Barmou
1172:Bangui
1122:Azagor
1117:Ayerou
1102:Allela
1077:Affala
1019:Zinder
1009:Tibiri
984:Tanout
967:Tahoua
925:Niamey
910:Mayahi
883:Maradi
843:Illela
803:Dakoro
768:Agadez
763:Abalak
749:Niamey
685:6°56′E
661:Ingall
629:
613:
386:Azelik
364:Azalai
360:Agadez
264:Agadez
256:Niamey
244:Tuareg
220:Ingall
212:In-Gal
202:(var.
193:51,903
133:Region
123:
2112:Youri
2107:Yelou
2087:Wacha
2027:Timia
2017:Tessa
1982:Tarka
1977:Tanda
1972:Tamou
1947:Tajae
1882:Sanam
1842:Ourno
1797:Mokko
1747:Kwaya
1722:Kouré
1697:Koona
1677:Kiota
1667:Kelle
1657:Karma
1522:Gouna
1487:Golle
1452:Gamou
1422:Farey
1397:Fachi
1377:Droum
1337:Djado
1307:Dessa
1232:Boune
1227:Bosso
1207:Bermo
1167:Bande
1132:Azeye
1062:Abala
853:Kollo
848:Keita
838:Goure
818:Dosso
808:Diffa
798:Bouza
783:Bilma
778:Arlit
773:Aguie
534:1991.
442:2 May
433:(PDF)
368:Sahel
356:Fachi
272:Arlit
260:Arlit
232:oasis
228:Niger
216:Ingal
126:Niger
2092:Wame
1957:Tama
1867:Safo
1432:Gabi
1347:Dogo
1162:Bana
1004:TĂ©ra
858:Loga
828:Gaya
627:ISBN
611:ISBN
520:and
484:link
470:2006
444:2013
246:and
234:and
164:Area
1792:Moa
1622:Kao
1034:III
962:Say
940:III
898:III
2134::
1039:IV
1029:II
977:II
945:IV
935:II
893:II
480:}}
476:{{
435:.
218:,
214:,
210:,
206:,
1044:V
1024:I
972:I
950:V
888:I
731:e
724:t
717:v
633:.
486:)
472:.
446:.
295:"
290:"
20:)
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