27:
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298:
39:
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the organization supported the
Bulgarian army and joined to Bulgarian war-time authorities when they temporarily took control over mosts of Thrace and Macedonia. In this period autonomism as a political tactic was abandoned and annexationist positions were supported, aiming eventual incorporation of
148:
By 1928, after the assassination of
Protogerov, Mihailov proposed a new plan calling for unification of a pre-1913 Macedonia region into a single state, that would be independent from Bulgaria. It should be with prevailing ethnic Bulgarian element. However the new state would to be
202:, in which for the first time, an international organization has recognized the existence of a separate Macedonian nation and language. However the IMRO (United), was not particularly influential on the revolutionary movement in the region. Prior to the
177:
signed in 1924 by the leadership of the IMRO, which maintained the independence and unification of the region of
Macedonia, and cooperation with the Soviet Union, some left-wing revolutionaries of the IMRO founded the so-called
133:(Bulgarian part), which it used as a base for hit and run attacks against Yugoslavia and Greece. It acted as a "state within a state", with the unofficial support of the right-wing Bulgarian governments.
157:, something as "Switzerland on the Balkans". Nevertheless, the IMRO continued to support Bulgarian irredentism. It had close ties to diaspora organizations abroad, the most important of which was the
282:
on 8 September 1991, that was approved by 96.4% of votes. According to some observers, 8 September was chosen as the date for the referendum to link it with the 8 September 1944 proclamation of the
422:
Spyros Sfetas, The Birth of ‘Macedonianism’ in the
Interwar Period p. 287. in the History of Macedonia, ed. Ioannis Koliopoulos, Museum of the Macedonian struggle, Thessaloniki, 2010; pp. 286-303.
129:, that meant in fact a second Bulgarian state on the Balkans. It accepted this concept with the aim to annex the territories occupied by Serbia and Greece. IMRO then had de facto full control of
104:
revolutionaries. The idea then was strictly political and did not imply a secession from
Bulgarian ethnicity, but unity of all nationalities in the area, then under Ottoman control. During the
93:
613:
486:
Yannis
Sygkelos, Nationalism from the Left: The Bulgarian Communist Party During the Second World War and the Early Post-War Years; Volume 2 of Balkan Studies Library, BRILL, 2011,
199:
405:
Marina
Cattaruzza, Stefan Dyroff, Dieter Langewiesche as ed., Territorial Revisionism and the Allies of Germany in the Second World War: Goals, Expectations, Berghahn Books, 2012,
173:
policy on the
Macedonian question rose the slogan of a united and independent Macedonia at the 5th Conference of the Balkan Communist Federation in 1923. After the failure of the
145:'s death in 1924, changed the main task for an autonomous Macedonian state, but officially under Bulgarian control, as it was a way for a subsequent unification with Bulgaria.
125:, the IMRO developed an agenda for an autonomous or even independent Macedonia, on the territories of Greece, Yugoslavia and Bulgaria, under the protectorate of the
62:
537:"Collective Memory, National Identity, and Ethnic Conflict: Greece, Bulgaria, and the Macedonian Question," Victor Roudometof, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002,
344:
88:
432:
Balkan
Strongmen: Dictators and Authoritarian Rulers of South Eastern Europe, Central Europe Studies, Professor Bernd J Fischer, Purdue University Press, 2007
218:
As the
Bulgarian army as part from Axis-powers entered Yugoslav and Greek Macedonia during WWII in April 1941, former IMRO members were active in organising
582:Утрински весник, Брoj 2781 сабота, 06 септември 2008. Киро Кипроски, Од каталогот на поштенски марки на југословенските држави издаден во 1978 година.
234:. The state had to have a Bulgarian character. It would be placed under the protectorate of the Third Reich, but they failed. In the late 1944, this
451:
Todor Chepreganov et al., History of the Macedonian People, Institute of National History, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje,(2008) p. 254.
275:
186:. Its main objective was to free the region of Macedonia, and to create a new political entity which would become an equal member of the future
20:
520:
Dimitar Bechev, Historical Dictionary of North Macedonia; Historical Dictionaries of Europe; Edition 2; Rowman & Littlefield, 2019,
462:
158:
43:
230:, who strengthened their positions. After Bulgaria switched sides in September 1944, some former IMRO activists tried to create an
608:
603:
460:
The last interview with the leader of IMRO, Ivan Michailov in 1989 – newspaper 'Democratsia', Sofia, 8 January 2001, pp. 10–11
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The Macedoine, "The National Question in Yugoslavia. Origins, History, Politics", by Ivo Banac, Cornell University Press, 1984.
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in the United States and Canada. The organization was suppressed by the Bulgarian army after the 1934 Military coup.
572:
Walking on the Edge: Consolidating Multiethnic Macedonia, 1989-2004, Židas Daskalovski, Globic Press, 2006 (page 46)
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several activists had agreed to make a party for a future independent Macedonia. By these circumstances the
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286:. On January 15, 1992, Bulgaria was the first country to recognize the independence of the new state.
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then, greeted the Axis' invasion on the Balkans as a liberation. Headline reads:
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Andrew Rossos, Macedonia and the Macedonians: A History, Hoover Press, 2008,
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The Balkans. From Constantinople to Communism. Dennis P Hupchik, page 299
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Conceptual project by the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
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ideas, and was sentenced to eleven years in prison under forced labor.
554:
L. Benson, Yugoslavia: A Concise History, Edition 2, Springer, 2003,
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222:, charged with taking over the local authorities. During the War the
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42:
Macedonian Tribune Newspaper's issue from Easter, 17 April 1941. The
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occupied areas into Bulgaria. However Bulgaria lost the Wars.
86:
appeared initially in the late 19th century as variant called
463:"Ivan Michailov - Radko: I am a Bulgarian from Macedonia"
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Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization
34:
in Sofia, presenting an imagined Independent Macedonia.
200:
Resolution of the Comintern on the Macedonian Question
65:(IMRO) to create an independent Macedonia, during the
194:, maintaining close links with its Bulgarian leader
96:. The organization was founded in 1893 in Ottoman
614:Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
190:. IMRO (United) was sponsored directly by the
63:Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
345:Autonomy for Macedonia and Adrianople regions
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210:have been of little practical importance.
238:was dissolved and the communists founded
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226:ideas were partially supported by the
141:, who assumed IMRO's leadership after
21:Independent Macedonia (disambiguation)
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246:. The local high-ranking politician
30:Postcard issued during 1920s of the
82:The predecessor of the concept of
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159:Macedonian Patriotic Organization
44:Macedonian Patriotic Organization
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100:by a small band of anti-Ottoman
61:was a conceptual project of the
280:Socialist Republic of Macedonia
284:Independent State of Macedonia
1:
270:party was founded in 1990 in
350:Independent Macedonia (1944)
232:independent Macedonian state
220:Bulgarian Action Committees
198:. In 1934 it supported the
188:Balkan Communist Federation
54:Independence for Macedonia.
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18:
92:in the documents of the
276:independence referendum
52:. Belgrade has fallen.
609:Macedonian nationalism
604:Macedonian irredentism
318:North Macedonia portal
248:Metodija Andonov-Čento
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32:Ilinden (Organization)
599:Bulgarian nationalism
264:breakup of Yugoslavia
206:, thеsе views on the
139:Aleksandar Protogerov
84:Independent Macedonia
59:Independent Macedonia
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244:Communist Yugoslavia
121:In the aftermath of
89:autonomous Macedonia
19:For other uses, see
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102:Macedono-Bulgarian
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469:on 6 October 2011
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471:. Retrieved
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262:During the
242:as part of
182:in 1925 in
123:World War I
106:Balkan Wars
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509:081794883X
492:9004192085
473:2011-11-14
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394:0230535798
356:References
268:IMRO–DPMNE
224:Macedonist
155:cantonized
511:, p. 132.
442:, p. 127.
413:, p. 166.
192:Comintern
171:Comintern
562:, p. 89.
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290:See also
108:and the
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78:Prelude
73:History
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258:Modern
184:Vienna
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169:The
153:and
137:and
117:IMRO
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476:.
23:.
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